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About The frontier. (O'Neill City, Holt County, Neb.) 1880-1965 | View Entire Issue (Dec. 31, 1931)
SOY BEAXS SOIL BlILDER One western farmer, alter ex perimenting with soy beans as a soil improver, says: I changed my farm ing program last year to include an extensive acreage of soy beans. I operate a farm of 480 acres, 410 of which is under cultivation all of the time. Heretofore I have al ways had from 120 to 160 acres of clover every year to keep up the rotation and the income from that acreage each year was very unsatis factory. It was also necessary to have a large acreage of oats each year as a nurse crop for the clover. The income from an oat crop is not very high, so I decided to make a change to a more remunerative plan which will be two crops of soybeans, and possibly three, in succession on the same ground in place of a crop of oats and then a crop of clover. I believe that two or three crops of soybeans will benefit the ground as much as a crop of clover and as soon as the ground reaches a state of high fertility I can alternate with corn and beans every other year. Last year I had 200 acres of beans and expect to have beans on the same ground this year. The rest of the farm was clover sod last year, so it will raise another crop or two of corn without any harm. Eighty acres of the grain ground was fall plowed for the beans. The oth er 120 acres was plowed very early In the spring with a pulverator plow. The plowed ground was double-disced and harrowed three different times up to planting time, so I had most of the weeds started and killed before the beans were planted. I used two 10-foot grain drills hitched side by side, followed by a 20-foot harrow to plant them. I planted two bushels of seed per acre and used all the openings of the drills, making the row's six Inches apart This outfit put them in at the rate of seven acres per hour when operating. We started May 25 and finished by June 1. We would only plant about 40 acres per day because it took so much time to inoculate the seed. I used a full aDDlicatlon of dirt taken from a field that was well inoculated last year and also a half portion of commercial inoculation, just as a precaution against failure of either. I used a barrel cement mixer to apply the inoculation to the seed and it worked very well. I used three 11-foot weeders to cultivate the iaeans when they were large enough; the first time when they were about two inches high and the second and last time when they were about six inches high. I sup posed the tractor would ruin them where the wheels ran but, much to my surprise, the first time over very little damage was done. The second time about half of the beans in the wheel tracks were killed, but that wasn’t very much of a loss be cause in pulling three weeders there was only one tractor track every 33 feet. This outfit cultivated them at the rate of 15 acres per hour. Last fall I purchased a combine to harvest them and was highly pleased with this method. The loss from shattering was very low. I don’t believe we lost over one-half bushel per acre. Three of us ran the machine and harvested as high as 30 acres per day Of course, the combine spreads all the straw back on the ground and I will plow it under. With this method of har vesting all you take off the ground is the beans Everything else goes back as fertiliser. The beRns yield ed from 19 tc 25 bushels per acre, averaging 22 bushels over the whole acreage. I think that is very good for last year when you consider the fact that they had so little mois ture after they were planted.. A BIT OF PHILOSOPHY A true sense of having accom plished something always brings happiness. This is a form of re ward for work which is not appre ciated enough because as humans we are so apt to think that our ef forts for which we have not been paid with money have been wasted. We go so far in our reasoning to conclude that the importance of all work is measured by the amount of money we are being paid for it, until we get so that we set a price on everything, forgetting that there are many little acts of kindness which are above price. Prices sel dom satisfy U3 because we are so apt to feel that our efforts have been underestimated and because of this feeling our work becomes a worry instead of a pleasure. And then it is only a step until life it self is a form of worry; in fact, the mass of people worry themselves into nameless graves while a few great souls forget themselves into immortality. Work has never been intended to be a burden. Work is a blessing because it always brings out all that is good in us. while idleness always brings out all that is evil- This is true regardless of the amount of money we have been paid for it, because no work is remunerative in its true sense unless It helps to build character. But money is important because money is frozen labor. It is a con densed form of goods and goods must always be the foundation of economic reward. Goods being any thing which ministers to life and to happiness. However, it often is con futing to us as to which should be in the foreground, money which stands for goods or goods for which we expect to get money. At a farmers’ institute meeting the ques tion came up, ‘‘When will we have good times again?” It came up in writing and was read during the question period when the audience seemed to have their thinking caps on. This seemed to be especially true of one farmer there, because when the leader slowly read, "When will we have good times a**ain?” he quickly called out his a*swrr which was. ‘ When we all go to work.” rn the same audience tneep was another man who seemed also to be thinking, who took issup *ii'; the farm.u vnci told him that work would only increase products and the more products we have the less we get for them, so he believed that farmers should quit working until prices would boom, which would make good times again. The audience was divided into fcwo schools of thought which were di rectly opposite in their reasoning and yet were both striving for the same thing and the w'hole misun derstanding was due to the fact that the first group reasoned that goods are the basis of good times and that the way to get them is to go to work. To them, a surplus was only a hint and the demand was for something else which we can firoduce, reasoning that goods make ife richer and happiness easier to reach, for both life and happiness can be tremendously expanded if we have the goods. The other group reasoned that money is the thing we work for regardless of the amount of goods produced for it; in fact, they were sure that the less goods we gave in return, the more money we would have in the end and that it pays to encourage inefficiency and idleness because we need the money to make good times and then when we have the good times back again, why we can make it all right again. Well! That sort of reasoning may be too deep for the average thinker but it seems reasonably certain that the quick est way for individuals or nations to get poor fast is to try to get rich quick without work. HENS CAN'T USE FIBER Because hens readily eat feeds that contain a high percentage of crude fiber, many poultrymen have assumed that they were able to utilize fiber in the same manner as cattle, sheep and other ruminants. Investigative work proves that poultry have a decidedly different system of digestion than cud-chew ing animals and are not able to take nutrients from the hulls of grain which are almost entirely crude fiber A study of the diges tive system of the fowl has re vealed the absence of a c llulose splitting enzyme. This lack, coupled with the rapidity of the passage of food through the digestive tract, led to the expectation that woody fiber is little or poorly digested by the fowl. In experimental work, no less than 37 food stuffs were used, and the results showed that the di gestibility of the organic matter in these foods varied inversely with the fiber contained. That is to say, the presence of the fiber actually depressed the organic matter di gestibility. The indigestibility of the crude fiber itself, combined with its depressing effect on the organic matter, indicated clearly the unsuitability of crude fiber as a constituent of poultry feeding stuffs. This becomes a matter of great importance, particularly in all cases where heavy production is desired, whether in the form of egg* or meat. To the mind of the experimenter, the chief use of the fiber in a ratljn is to act as a regu lator of the bulk of the ration, thus determining the amount of food eaten per day. which becomes very Important where birds are fed on a dry mash system and the hoppers are left open all dav. Since It is the aim of the pouUrvman to obtain the maximum returns, which are secured relatively from the maximum of food consumed and assimilated, it becomes highly important that the ration be of such a nature as not to depress digestion. DON'T SELL THE FARM Low prices of agricultural prod ucts have caused many farmers to be discouraged and some consider selling their farms. One of our neighbors, in arguing farm prob lems recently, expressed a desire to sell his farm, says a farmer who intends to stick to the old home stead regardless of conditions. Wo discussed agricultural and indus trial conditions to some length and, in the main, we agreed as to the causes of the present depression but we could not agree with him when he considered offering his farm for sale. We asked him what he would do if he disposed of it. He really hadn’t thought about that. We reminded him that fac tories were running but part time, that the income of the factory em ploye was less than his, and that he had all his food to purchase. After relating several instances that had come to our attention in the city, he took a little different atti ude toward his farm. He was quick to see that he had a good place to live, an adequate food supply, and even though the dollars were a lit tle short, there was no danger of himself or family being out of a job or going hungry. Thb real crux of this man’s difficulty is the fact that he has a mortgage on his farm and the slump in the prices of products has increased this mortgage. This is discouraging, and it would have a most wholesome effect upon the minds of agriculture if there were come way of preventing the fluc tuation ti) the value of dollars. If there were some way of holding prices of commodities at about the same level, then the man who bor rows money would be able to pay off the mortgage on the same basis on which he borrowed the money. This is a problem that extends to every industry, and if some one Is wise enough to solve it. it will be a great boon to the entire world Even though the mortgage on the farm Is bigger than it was, this is no time to consider selling the farm. This isn’t the first depression this na tion or the world has had. and per haps it will not be the last We should take heart that we always come out of these depressions, and there is no reason wliv we should not come out of this one. Slick to your farm. There are better times coming. HOG MANGE REMEDY To remove mange from hogs, I have tried various cure-alls says an experienced poik producer, but have j found that gas tar is very satis factory. I string a line of shelled corn on the ground, take a bucket ' of gas tar in one hand and a three- : foot stick with a mop on the end in ! the other hand. I then touch the : hogs lightly with the tar, especially where the vermin deposit eggs but being careful to miss the eyes of i the hogs. If repeated in 10 days this 1 will not only kill the mange but it j kills fleas and lice. This should never be used on cattle or poultry. < I also find gas tar the least costly iponf paint for felt or metal, and for a variety of other things, such as keeping nuts from slipping on. bolts. OI.I), Bi r STILL TRI E iculture s tin most ancient, tue most necessity, and one of the most honorable of all human occu i nfrns. It not only serves to feed m«ny generations it, has produced most of the nation's leaders in evt.v useful occupation. SEE THAT THEY GET IT The exercise given pigs on pasture is » considerable advantage so far as it promotes growth and the for mation of a strong constitution CHINESE PIRATES OPENLY DEFY LAW “Trade” a Flourishing One in Eastern Waters The fine art of buccaneering ns practiced by the sea wolves of south China may lack much of tin romance mol glamor of the days of the Span isb .Main, but/the principle is exactly t'.. same. Blood Is spilled, ships are captured by the dozens and hundreds of captives carried off for ransom. In many respects, the Chinese buc caneer is a more crafty, more cold blooded individual than the Captain Kidds of yore. Afraid of nothing ex cept possibly a bath, lie pursues Ids calling with methodical boldness and today, as centuries ago, spreads ter for and death among the ships plying Wm> South China seas Bias bay. about 65 miles front Hongkong, almost within the range of British guns, is the stronghold of the pirate gangs. Almost continual warfare has been conducted against them for five decades, but they still carry on. Braving battleships and submarines, even airplanes, they sally forth in their little Junks, seize a merchantman, kidnap a few Chinese and return to their base where they appear to live tlie lives of simple and harmless fishermen. In the last ten years, an average of three foreign ships a year have been pirated In Bias liny territory. How many Chinese ships and junks have been seized is not known, but it Is safe to presume Hint the total runs into three figures annually. Until recently little resistance was offered by Hie ship's officers and piracy was considered by the Chinese a fairly sale trade to follow. In the case of foreign vessels all piracies are committed by men pos ing ns passengers. The danger would be too great to risk staging an attack by Hie sea, although that method proved effective In the days of sail ing ships. With supplies of arms and ammu nition smuggled aboard and the ship well out at sea, Hie pirates, usually In the steerage, attack tin* crow at I a given signal from the loader. One! group attacks the bridge and seises the captain, another tho eogiue room while a third covers the passengers at pistol's point and keeps them from Interfering, After the ship has been captured, the pilot is ordered to steer for >i * point of land where eqitirndrs of the i pirates arc waiting. In the mean- ; time, the passengers are rohhed of | their vulnahles, thosi to he taken! captive lined up on the deck and bound, while the ship's stores are re- ■ lievetl of all articles that can be conveniently handled. The chief reason that piracy is al lowed to continue in South China is that the Itrltlsh authorities are more or less powerless to conduct an ex pedition on a hig scale without in fringing on Chinese sovereign rights. Although the Chinese authorities themselves have admitted their in ability to deal with the buccaneers, they have refused many times to eo perate with the Itrltiah in any effort to punish the freebooters. Named After Famoui Spa Magnesium sulphate came Into use during tin* Seventeenth century in consequence of the Kpsotn spa In Fnglaml, which been me famous tvs a watering place amt health resort about It:in, wrote Churle. 11. !>aWall in “Four Thousand Years of Phar macy.” haler in the same century Dr. Friedrich I tollman found the wa ters of the Seidlit/ spring In tier many to contain magnesium sulphate and so the terms Cpsotn salt and Seldlilz salt were used to designate this same substance long before its composition had been established. New Freezing Proce»» Utilizing intense eohl at 50 degrees below zero, a process has been per fected by which perishable foods are frozen so that they retain their origi nal fresh llavor and texture for | months in a frozen state. Mem's, seafoods, poultry, vegeta-. hies and fruits are processed by the new method. According to Clarence Firdseye, quick-freezing Inventor, the , foods are frozen so quickly that no j harmful chemical or organic change | can take place in them. For wise M O T H E R S Diixino these winter daw, wise mothers strengthen their chiSJri n with Scott's Emulsion of Cod Liver Oil. It contains Yiturin A in shundance. This helps build up sturdy resis tance against colds and against many other tomfficn child ailment*. Then there is a wealth of the “sunshine ntamm" (D) in this ei'iu's’on that promotes the deveh pment of strong bones and teeth—a matter so important in growing children. Pleasantly flavored. Easy tor children to take. Score fic Bownc, Bloomfield, N. J. Sales Ren*esentatives, Harold F. Ritchie ei. Co., Inc., New York. Listen to I St S.o!l ti Bourn* radio prerram on Sundas night at 8 JO m. ou<t th* Coiumlna 11a .1. Niiwnrh. ' . . ■ . . I. .1 . -_ * . - JJ -__I_ Social Bellwethcri Newedd—I wonder why it I* we , can’t save anytl'ng? 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