DEFINE RIGHTS OF DEPOSITORS Not Entitled to Share in Double Liability of Stock holders of Banks LINCOLN. NEB.—In affirming thr finding oT the district court In the controversy arising in the set tlement of the affair^ of the Citi zens State bank of Royal, the su preme court, through Justice Good, held Thursday that depositors of a failed bonk have a lien only on the assets of the bank, and that the constitutional double liability is not an asset of the bank, but is for the security of the creditors. It says that the stockholders ’liability cre ated by the constitution, being self executing, is free from legislative In terference, and that that liability is for the benefit of all creditors, with out preference to anyone of class and all on an equal footing, against all who are stockholders when the creditor's claim accrues. All the depositors in this bank had been paid in full out of the guaranty fund, and as the assets failed by $19,000 to pay back the fund it laid claim to the money In the hands of the receiver accruing from collections of stockholders' lia bility. It claimed first lien on all funds, and asserted that the gen eral creditors have no right or In terest therein. The American State bank of Newcastle, a contributor to the guaranty fund. Joined In this prayer. The district court held that the fund was subrogated to the rights of the depositors as claimants, and ordered that the $7,000 be prorated among all creditors, general Includ ed, Both sides appealed the general claimants saying they are the only unpaid creditors. The supreme court says this is not true. If It were and there were no general claimants, then, because the depositors were first paid from the guaranty fund, there would be no liability on tire stockholders. CONVICTED M1RDERER IS GIVEN ANOTHER TRIAL LINCOLN—(Special)—Robert R. Garrett, convicted and sentenced for life at Alliance in February of 1928, for the murder of William Kinsley, was given a new trial by the su preme court on the ground that the district court erred In allowing Mrs. Clara Garrett, his erstwhile wife, to testify against him. Judge Shep herd, who wrote the opinion, says that this ineligibility arises out of the fact that In divorce proceedings held before the murder was com mitted, a decree was granted her one day before the six months that the law says must elapse between the filing of the petition and the en tering of the decree. She testified as an eyewitness that Garrett did the killing. She was keeping house for Kinsley at the time. The law says that in no case can a wife testify against her husband except in a criminal proceeding for a crime committeed by the one against the other. Mr. Garrett filed her suit for divorce on October 19, 1926. The court heard the case April 19, but although the decree was not signed till two days later the supreme court says it plainly appears that It was heard and de cided on the 19th. It says there is no escape from the conclusion that the divorce was granted a day be fore it could have been legally granted, because when the statute says '‘months” it means calendar months, and the rule is to exclude the first day and include the whole of the last in the period prescribed. DOUBLE COMPENSATION FOR WORLD WAR VETERAN OMAHA—(UP)—Through efforts of the War Veterans’ bureau Edward McLaughlin, 34 years old, totally paralyzed veteran of Havelock, Neb., will receive double permanent dis ability compensation from the gov ernment, according to announce ment here. This amounts to $230 a month. He formerly received $100 monthly. The additional compen sation was won after a year's fight, veteran officials said. The bureau Is now endeavoring to collect back compensation since 1924 for Mc Laughlin DISTRICT Ml’SIC CONTEST TO EK HELD AT OMAILi OMAHA— 150.000. The plaintiffs won the suit forcing the Woodmen to return to the sovereign camp $1,700 000 used to purchase stock in the Globe Insurance com pany. IN TROUBLE TOO OFTEN; GIVEN PRISON TERM OMAHA—’Tve Just about cr*me to the conclusion that you’;e no damned good," observed District Judge James E. Fitzgerald in pass ing sentence of one year of impris onment on Carl H. Richards, sales man for a music supply company who pleaded gulity to embezzlement of approximately $flOO. Richards about a year ago was in trouble when he and his wife are alleged to have taken La Rue Garrison, a 3-year-old girl they had taken from a Kansas City childs savings institute away from Miss Hazel Clough, Kansas City Juvenile court worker as she was taking it back to Kansas City on the claim that the Richards’ were not proper persons to have it, following com plaint of persons in Hastings who previously had testified to Richards' good reputation. This case was finally settled when the Richards’ were allowed to legally adopt the child in Omaha courts. In today's case Richards was charged with collecting money for the company which employed him and failing to turn it in. Mrs Richards will be allowed to keep her adopted child, court at taches said. She recently filed suit for divorce. TRADING MATES BRINGS GRIEF Two Bennett, Neb., Hus bands and Their Wives Taken Into Custody LINCOLN. NEB.- ' -Trading vives without sanction of the di vorce court landed two Bennett, Neb., men in Jail here Monday. Their wives with two children each, were in custody of Juvenile officers. Neighbors told Sheriff Claude Hensel about "strange doings,” at the two homes and his deputies ar rested th© men—Otto E. Slade, 31 years old, and Horace Reed, 29, early Monday morning. By mutual consent, the trading had been done Sunday, March 30, the quartet told officers following the arrests. The quartet met last August at a dance and had been exchanging visits and going to gether all winter. THEY WANT OUT OF WHEAT POOL Nebraska Farmers Begin Court Action for Return of Their Contracts RED CLOUD, NEB.—(UP)—One .lundrcd fourteen wheat growers of Webster county Friday had de manded. in a suit on file here, the return of their contracts with the Nebraska wheat pool of Lincoln. The suit was filed by Harm Boen. mg, farmer of Webster county, on behalf of 113 other wheat growers, and the defendants are the Nebras ka wheat pool, of Lincoln, and Gus Strasburg. local farmer who was ap pointed director of the organiza tion. The petition states the pool is headed by men who are not en gaged in the business of farming or marketing wheat; that the only pur pose of the scheme is to levy a tax on wheat growers of the state for the pool’s benefit and not for that of the farmers; that the organiza tion has no elevators, no mills, no agencies for marketing wheat, and that its promoters have no proper ty other than a rented room, a few typewriters, office chairs and some stationery. Further allegations that the 114 farmers were induced to sign the agreement under false and fraudu lent representations by the solici tors are made. The farmers were told the government was behind the organization and a greater price would be obtained if marketed through the organization, the peti 'ion states. WOULD CANCEL CHARTER OF FARMERS OIL COMPANY OMAHA—(UP)—Deputy Attorne} General Stalmaster is preparing a oetltion asking that charter of the Farmers’ Paint and Oil company, formerly owned by Hubert M. Mich el, "doodle bug” oil promoter, be forfeited and that the company's gasoline filling stations here be closed for nonpayment oi state ’■asoline tax. Stalmaster alleges the company owes the state $595 col lected from motorists as tax. Neith er has it paid occupation tax, he said, after examining books and records seized under orders from Judge Noble. FUNERAL FRIDAY FOR NEBRASKA PIONEER FREMONT—(UP) — • Funeral ser . ices will be held here Friday after noon for Charles H. Hooper, 73 venrs old. one of Nebraska's earliest overland freighters and son of the man for whom Hooper, Neb., was named. Hooper died at his hom® lere Wednesday. CHURCHES POOL INTERESTS OMAHA — (UP) — AfteT listening to an address of Rev. Frank A. Hos mer, pastors lepresenting a ma jority of Omaha Protestant church es decided upon a program for pool ing of efforts In a campaign for additional membership. Solidification. Dr. Hosmer said. Is the logical step to be taken in re ligious development. Churches must co-operate and organize to save themselves, he said, asserting that there Is an unequal struggle prog ressing between organized and un organized religion Courtesy Is the Key to Greatness and Power 1 A bunch of golden keys Is mine To make each day with gladness shine. "Good morning.’’ that's the golden key That opens every day to me. 2 When evening comes "Good Night" I say And close the door of each glad day. When at the table, "If you please," I take from off my bunch of keys. 3 When friends do anything for me I use the little "Thank You” key. If by mistake some harm I do "Excuse me,” I beg your par don,” too. 4 Of if an unkindly hurt I’ve given "I’m sorry, forgive me”—I’ll be forgiven. On a golden chain these keys I’ll bind They’ll always help me to be kind. —Anon. BY ETHMA SEAY. People all over the world have been taught to be courteous even from the very earliest of times. Parents, it seems have always tried to impress the value and the necessity of courtesy upon the minds of their children—especially the key of “Thank You" and "If you please." To be courteous is a great undertaking and is nothing to be scoffed at. A true courteous person must look for the small acts that can be done for others and the large ones will take care of themselves, just as, if you take care of your pennies, your dollars will take care of themselves. Your observers count the smallest courtesy almost as important as the greatest one. Emerson said in his essay, "Compensation.” that a man is just as strong as his weakest point—so if you are a brave hero or a man of power and yet lack courtesy—just how great or strong are you? Courtesy is more than mere form or habit or individual accom plishments; it is a social virtue. To be of a social standing you are expected to know the three “R's;” likewise it is as necessary that you know the meaning of courtesy and practice it continually. Courtesy is a very valuable asset in life—probably assumption will make this more clear to my readers. Suppose that you were the owner of a large factory and that some people came to you for information concerning your product or products. If you did not treat them politely and in an obliging man ner, could you expect them to become or remain your customers? Also, suppose that you were trying to secure a position, don’t you realize that some act that you perform, while applying for the posi tion, is going to go a long ways in helping the employer to judge your character and decide for or against you? Courtesy is planted in the home. If one is taught to practice good manners at home, it will be natural for him to perform the same manners on the streets or in public and it is by these manners and courtesies in these places that a person is judged. I wonder how it would be to see ourselves as others see us—1 imagine that if this were possible we would all have a surprise in store for us. What places are more appropriate to practice little acts of courtesy in than the school which we attend or the place where we are employed? Are you always looking for these nice little acts of courtesy to be done for your friends, classmates, faculty and employer If we forget to be courteous, are we living the Golden Rule? No, indeed! And therefore, are obeying our King's command? So let us just try to do some act of kindness each day and always have our bunch of golden keys at hand. This will grow to be a habit because habit is nothing but an established custom. Our reward will follow because we will know that God sees and knows all things and remember He said, "Inasmuch as ye have done it unto one of the least of these my brethren, ye have done it unto me ” i Propaganda in Schools Prom Santa Barbara News At the recent session of the de partmtnt of superintendence cf the National Educational association held in Cleveland resolutions were passed condemning propaganda n the schools. Of coarse the Kind of propagan da at which these resolutions were aimed was that which seeks to benefit private interests. They seemed to be aimed at the power companies which lor two or three years have been systematically us ing the schools and colleges to to spread the public utility gospel. But the ban on propaganda ought to include also political matters of a controversial character. It is a strange fact that those who are most active in the condemnation of one form of propaganda are silent concerning another or even \ssist in the violation of the principle they have Indorsed when the parti cular issue raised is one they ap prove. At this very time, when the issue of the public schools for propagan da purposes is the subject of con demnation, systematic use of the schools to promote interest in the League of Nations is under way. Although the United States has definitely refused to be drawn into the league and two presidents have gone on record against participa tion in the affairs of that associa tion. through the schools the league propaganda has been carried into the homes of the people. “Essay contests,’ made attractive by cash prize offers are held. The ‘League of Nations association." having headquarters in New York is giving competitive examination to boys and girls from more than 1,000 high schools, the subject of which is the League of Nations. A course of study on the league is the basis of these r. -ations. Some 8.000 high school students have been induced to study the “short history of the League of Nations.’ If the principles of Soviet Russia were suggested as a subject for un oficial study in the high schools of the country, a cry o protest would go up from the very persons who are now using the schools to preach another form of propaganda. It is the old story. It makes a great difference whose ox is gored. The Man and the Merger. Frcm Commerce and Finance. Just as the industrial revolution of the 18th century changed the in depedent master craftsman, work ing in his own shop and with his own tools, into a wage earner sup plying nothing but his labor, so this later revolution is changing the man at the head of a small busi ness enterprise into the salaried emplove of a hug? corporation. On the whole, this probably means less worry and more ease and com fort for those affected, but whether this is n sufficient offset for the loss Coming Down. From Tit-Bits. “Since Dorothy married she has stopoed wearing high heels—her husband disapproves of them.” ”1 always said she'd lower her self by marrying that man.” -- Q. Will soap thrown into a geyser force it into action? W. R P. A. The geological survey states that sometimes soap is us.d as an expedient to hurry up the action ol a geyser. The soap makes a film over the water and causes accumu lation of steam. When the steam accumulates to a certain point it causrs the eruptior of independence is a moot ques tion. At least one fact, however, seems well established: This loss of industrial freedom does not mean also the closing of the door of op portunity for advancement, as is sometimes asserted. It would be nearer the truth to say that the opportunities are multiplied, but within a much narrower range. The j big corporation usually keeps a keen lookout for signs of talent among its personnel, and is ready to reward this talent substantially, because it has learned that such a policy yields good returns. Prompt promo tion for merit explains why every big business today is so well served by its staff. Nevertheless, the ease with which the transition has been achieved cannot blind us to its far reaching social effects. It means that the op portunities to advance are to be found along only one path. Men must obey the strict rules of the system—rules which they have had no voice in making. Independence exists, but only at the top. However, conducive such a scheme may be to industrial efficiency, it has little of the democracy of the system which it is supplanting. Individualism is thus yielding to something closely akin to institu tionalism. Ability to forge ahead has become less dependent on personal initiative and more on one’s ability to fit Into a certain place in an elaborate machine. Even provision tor a “rainy day” is becoming among the employes of great business establishments less and less a matter of personal ini tiative. Foresight and self control were once much more indispensable to getting ahead than they are in these days when so many organiza tions are providing sick benefits, in surance .and old age annuities. The “tightwad” in the big office today probably has poorer prospects of success than the free spender who soends with an eye on the main chance. q. What is the meaning of “Where McGregor sits, there is the head of the table?" S. C. T. A. This saying is quite old and has been attributed to the head of the McGregor clan, also to the McDonalds. Emerson uses it in his American Scholar. Theodore Parker also makes a reference to it. In Cervantes’ Don Quixote, Sancho Panza relates the story of a gentle man who having invited a poor fanner to dine with him pressed him to take the head of the table. Tire countryman refused to take the place of honor and his host losing patience, exclaimed: “Sit down, i clcdpole. for let me sit wherever I will, that will still be the upper | end and the place for worship to thee.” Q. Why is colonel pronounced as if the word contained an r? i a c. A. The present day pronuncia I tion of the word colonel is based upon the original spelling of the word which was coronal. — Joke’s on Him. From Iondon Opinion. Nurse: Look. sir. Bonny twins. Professor: Congratulations. 1 didn't knew you were married! q. What land was given to rail roads when thev were built? O. D. ! c. A. Different railroads received different amounts of land in the grants of their charters. Generally the odd numbered sections w'jre given them within a certain distance of the railroad. The distance was usually from 20 to 40 miles; but in cue case it was only for a distance of six miles and in mother for 12 ' miles verdigre teachers all ACCEPT RE-ELECTION VERDIGRE — (Special) — The teaching force of the Verdigre schools will be the same next year as it is this, all of the present teach ers having returned their signed contracts to the board of educa tion. J. J. Van Hoff is to be super intendent for 11th consecutive year. ASTOUNDED BY BUDGET BOOST Nebraska Legislators Now Think of Their Campaigr Economy Promises LINCOLN, NEB.—(Special) — Members of the legislature who re called their campaign promises of reduction of state taxes wherever it was possible, were aghast Tuesday when the big appropriation bill made its appearance carrying an ap propriation of more than $40,000,000 for the biennium, more than 25 per cent in excess of any previous bill of the kind. They felt a bit relieved when Chairman Esssm told them that $7,500,000 represented the ad ditions made by reason of doubling the gasoline tax, which, in turn, draws more federal aid money in the matching process, although that is an indirect tax that persons must pay. The actual increase was $8,500, 000, of which $7,464,000 was repre sented by the gasoline tax and fed eral aid money, leaving a little over $1,000,000 more than the governor had recommended. Actually the committee added $1,500,000, but cut out a little less than $500,000 as recommended by the chief execu tive. The biggest share of the in crease goes to the state university, $315,000 being appropriated for the new heating and power plant, one unit of which is to be built at the expense of the state capitol fund, which contributes $210,000. Other increases to the university were for maintenance of the hospital used in connection with the state col lege of medicine at Omaha, and there also was provided an increase in the fund out of which salaries of professors are to be paid, the chancellor having urged an increase. The state normal at Wayne loses the $45,000 new building that the governor recommended, as do all the other normals, and the appro priation for a new unit to the dor mitory there was eliminated. It was favored however, in that it gets $25,000 for enlargement of its heat ing plant. Tire Norfolk hospital for the in sane got all that the governor had recommended, and in, addition, had an item for a new building in creased from $100,000 to $125,000. Two years ago the legislature or dered a branch laboratory of the state board of health installed at Scottsbluff and provided for its maintenance. This year it is abol ished, there having been but six applications for tests during the two years and three were from Wyom ing. TOWN MARSHAL’S WIFE IS ACCIDENTALLY WOUNDED DODGE— (Special) —Mrs. Ludwig Kresl, wife of the Dodge marshal, was accidentally shot when she picked up a pair of her husband’s overalls in which was a .25 caliber revolver. The pistol fell to the floor and was discharged, the bullet en tering her right leg Just below the ankle. She was alone in the house, and suffered great pain but man aged to get downstairs to the tele phone where she called a doctor, who heard her gasp after the call and she then collapsed. She is re covering. WANT NEW BRIDGE ACROSS NIOBRARA RIVER STUART — (Special) — Definite steps are being taken for a new bridge over the Niobrara river west of the island north of Stuart, as a result of a joint meeting of com missioners of Holt and Boyd coun ties and business men from Stuart and Butte with State Engineer Cochran of Lincoln. Half of the expense will be borne by the state and one fourth by each of the two counties benefited. It has been 20 years since the old , Grand Rapids bridge went out and since then it has been necessary to travel many extra miles to get across to northern Nebraska and South Dakota. DEPOSITORS OF FAILED BANKS ARE TO MEE'I LINCOLN — (UP) — Depositors oi tailed state banks have been invited to attend a meeting Saturday morn ing at the Cornhusker hotel, R. T. Jones, of Scottsbluff, registered iobvist for the depositors at the leg islature. announce. Jones will preside at the meeting Senators and representatives and those who favor retention of the bank guaranty law are to speak, he said. The purpose of the meeting is to impress the legislature and Gov |