— ~-r~ ' -■ ■■ -■
WRWLEYS
Take it home to
the kids.
Have a packet in
your pooket for an
over-ready treat.
Unfortunately a man’s epitaph comei
along too late in the game for him tt
live up to it.
'N?
* Sate$2% times asmuchas
that of any other brand
8I0UX CITY PTQ. CO., NO. 46-1923.
One or the Other.
The young mother was frantic. Her
two-year-old daughter howled and
howled and howled.
“Whatever is the matter with the
child?” asked the father in despair.
His wife sank limply Into a chair
and began to weep, while the baby
went on howling.
“I d-d-d-on’t know!” sobbed the dis
tracted mother. “It’s either because
she’s eaten too many strawberries or
she vvanta more!”
• " - 1 --—. " — ■ *****
Is Your Work Hard?'
Is your work wearing you out? Are
you tortured with throbbing backache
feel tired, weak and disrzuraged? Then
look to your kidneys! Many occupa
tions tend to weaken the kidneys. Con
stant backache, headaches, dizziness
and rheumatic pains are the natural
result. You suffer annoying bladder
irregularities; feel nervous, irritable
and worn out. Don’t wait! Use Doap’s
Kidney Pills. Workers everywhere
recommend Doan’s. They should help
you, too. Ask your neighborl
A South Dakota Case
George Young,
retired farmer,
Howard, S. Dak.,
says: “I had kid*
ney trouble and
my back was,
lame and ached,
awfully. When I
stooped I had
sharp quick
catches over my
It hard to straight-®*^'*
en. The action of my kidneys was
frregular. I used Doan’s Kldpey
Pills and the backaches left and my
kidneys didn’t trouble me.”
Gel Dona’s at Any Store, 00c a Boa
DOAN'S VS5V
VOSTER-MILBURN CO* BUCVALO, N.%
Use of Pit Silos in South Dakota
COLLEGE OF AGRICULTURE.
From Hoard’s Dsirymsn.”
Tie writer has looked over pit silos,
wlked with the owners, and read from
and talked with silo authorities as
to the success and practicability of
the pit silo, but there was still a feel
ing that we did got have definite,
enough Information on this subject.
So we made up a list of questions
that we thought would give us the
information we wanted most, at the
least expense of time and effort on
the part of the owner and sent this
list to 27 owners of pit silos in western
South Dakota and adjoining country.
Out of the twenty-seven requests we
were fortunate in getting complete
records from sixteen men. The men
have all used.pit silos from five to
nine years and were especially select
ed as being in a position to give us
valuable results from their experi
ence. We were not disappointed.
The answers to these questions left
no doubt in our mind as to the suc
cess of the pit silo in regions where
ground water will not bother. The
fact that every single man, without
an exception, in answer to the last
question said he would build another
pit silo, is very definite proof of this.
And five of the sixteen men have al
ready built a second one. But It is
Interesting to note the answers to
each of these questions. In spite of
the fact that every one would build
another pit silo, two report that they
have not had good service fro mtheir
pit silo and one only fair service.
The other thirteen report “yes’* to
this question. Two of the three not
reporting good service had trouble
with seepage water and the third re
ported that owinfe to his particular
circumstance, the lack of help and
high cost of labor for filling his silo,
he was unable to use it the last few
years.
Use Silo Every Year.
Fourteen of the men reporting
have used their pit silo every year
since it was built and as stated above
they have all been in five years or
more. Even Mr. Fred Coats, who
has had an endless amount of trou
ble with seepage water and was hon
est in reporting poor service from his
pit silo, has used it every year.
Mr. Coats’ experience with seep
age water is the same as many others
have had and verifies the fact that
it is a condition that is practically
hopeless. He says: "I would build]
another pit silo but I would surely
try to locate a site where seepage
water would not give trouble. The
three-fourths inch of plaster on met
al lath was good on my silo until the
seepage water came through the wall
on the lower ten feet. To try to stop
this I put three-ply roofing around
the inside of my silo from the bot
tom to a point about eighteen Inches
above the seepage line. I then put
in a 4-inch concrete wall the full
depth of the silo, using a mixture of
one part of cement, two parts of sand,
and three of coarse gravel. I was
greatly disappointed when'I found
the water still came through this
wall. I filled the silo with nice corn
fodder and had good silage until I
reached a point about six feet from
the bottom, when I found my silage
spoiled. I again tried to remedy this
seepage trouble by putting in still
anothe ZM-inch wall with a 3 to 1
mixture and using a highly recom
mended water-proofing paste in the
mixture. I brought this wall up
above the water line ana aovered the
bottom of the silo with the same ma
terial but this did not stop the wa
ter. It came through just the same.”
Repairs Needed
The third question as to the re
pairs that had been needed on the
pit silos was of great interest to us
since we knew what had been used in
protecting the walls of them. This
prttoction varied all the way from a
one-fourth inch coat of plasttr on
the clay to a solid five-inch concrete
wall, and one of them is walled up
with rock. We wanted very much to
know Just how well the plastered
walis were standing «ip. We got the
answers, but the results vary so
much that It is impossible for anyone
to toll „ Just what they can expect
from this kind of wall without a
careful study of their soil or an in
vestigation of results that may have
been had in the Immediate neighbor
hood. Seven of the men had had
moro or less repairing to do, and this
was more than half of those having
plastered walls. Oh the other hand,
several having plastered walls report
them In good shape.
"In building a pit ■ilo," says E. G.
Stevens, "one should be careful to lo
cate it where all surface water will
drain away from it. I think that
plastered wails’, are all riaht provid
ing a good job is done, except in
gumbo or shale soils where a threat
inch concrete wall is necessary. My
wall is three-fourths inch thick, pyt
on in two coats, and the mortar was
made rich. After the wall was
brushed smooth a good coat of ce
ment cream was applied. (This ce
ment cream is made of pure cement
and water mixed to a creamy consis
tency and brushed on.) I have had
my silo five years and I don’t think
there is a check in it. When empty
it rings like a bell. Yours for more
silos.”
Two of the men who had had re
pairs to make on their plastered walls
recommended a four-inch solid wall
and say they would use it if they
were building another. No doubt
some of the failures have been
caused by heaving and thawing near
the top. This can be remedied by
putting the collar down good and
deep. The collar to a PiQrtlo is the
part that comes just belowggnd just
above tiv^.lap of th* ground It cor
>1 ... AOi*. t ’
The question is: Can Ford, by
any chance, stampede the democratic
convention? Political leaders believe
that if Ford had a regular nomina
tion it would be impossible to beat
him. If ''he democrats believe it
earnestly In 1#24, and if Ford had
somlbody that could produce a
"Cross of Gold” speech for him,
stampeding the convention might
not be difficult. What politicians
want first of all, is to win.
L.unps of sugar may be converted into
diamonds by first separating the carbon
from the other substances.
Houses bu It of plate glass, the re
sult of recent chemical processes. are.
■aid *o be as strong fes concrete.
responds to the foundation of a su
perstructure. The solid wall of the
collar ■will often resist the heaving
effect, while the plaster Just below
will fall. Four or five feet deep
would not be unreasonable for the
collar If by doing it the plastered
wall would give satisfaction. For
where a plastered wall is successful,
the pit silo is certainly an economi
cal structure.
How Large Should the Pit Silo Be?
The fourth question asks for the
best diameter for a pit silo. There
is a practical factor entering into the
question of the best diameter fAr a
pit silo aside from the amount of
stock to be fed, and that is that a
"tender foot” starting to dig a circu
lar hole more than twelve feet across
without special equipment will think
he has a job equal to “dipping the
ocean dry” before he gets down ten
feet. Three men recommend a ten
foot diameter, three others 10 to 12
feet, and six recommend 12 feet. No
one recommended a diameter of less
than 10 feet, although one man has
aq eight-foot silo. Three men rec
ommend a diameter of more than 12
feet, one recommending 16, one 16,
and the other anywhere from 8 to
20 feet.
There is another thing that should
not be overlooked in choosing the
proper diameter for the pit silo and
that is that the silo should not be
so large that it will not be filled
every year. It is very much harder
on the silo wall to stand empty (any
type of ^ilo for that matter) than
to stand well filled. Mr. W. A. Steele
of Montana brings this point out in
his notes when he says: “My experi
ence has taught me that pit silos
must be filled every year to protect
the- cement from being pressed off
by the expansion back of the cement,
due to freezing.’’
When it came to the question of
the best depth these men were again
very close together. Sight of them
gave twenty-five feet as the best
depth from the bottom to the top of
the collar. They were all between 19
and 31 feet, except one who was still
more enthusiastic.
Boys Go Well With Pit Silo
Only one of the fifteen who an
swered had a power hoist. Nine used
a windlass with a good sized box or
vessel in which the ensilage was
hoisted. The rest used a simple der
rick and pulley and did not try to
hoist & large amount at a time. Mr.
Coats says:
“I have no special outfit. I have
two boys that Just enjoy getting out
the silage. They have a tripod 'over
the silo with simple pulley. One fills
and hoists one feed at a time and the
other takes it away.”
Regardless of the vessel they are
using to hoist the feed in, most of
them agree that when it comes down
to economy of time and labor a box
should be used that is from 2% feet
each way to three feet each way.
This box should hold from 12 to 25
cubic feet.
How High Should the Collar Be?
This question was answered very
definitely, which Indicated that it is
a question which they had already
well decided in their minds. Almost
without exception they mentioned
the Importance of grading up around
the portion of the collar extending
above the ground In order that no
surface water whatever could get in
to the silo. From one to two feet of
grade around the collar was recom
mended. The heights recommended
for the collar above ground level av
eraged a trifle over Stfc feet, with
over a foot of grade around it. They
ranged from two to five feet, only
one going above and one bAow these
figures. The above average is prob
ably Just about right for most loca
tions. Many of the men who now
have a collar 6 in. to a foot high, rec
ommend 2 to 4 feet. A few men
tioned the Importance of having the
collar extend well Into the ground as
well in order that the plastered wall
would be down out of the way of the
frost.
Should the Pit 8ilo Have a Roof?
Eleven say yes, It should have a
root. One says it might have
and three say it is not necessary.
One man says, "Yes, and I would put
a shed over it connected with the
barn so I would not have to wade
around in the snow.” There is prob
ably "more truth than poetry” in
this remark, but Mr. W. D Lytle
who has^ used & pit silo for six
years, says, "I haven't any roof and
can t see as it would be of any advan
tage.”
Another man suggests that the
root would increase the danger from
gases, and this, is true. The danger
from gases is not great Jf one does
not get careless, but a roof would
tend to increase the danger. It Is a
good idea to use a good sized feed
box on this account and drop it into
the silo rather rapidly. This will
stir the gases if any have settled.
Special care must be exercised at
filling time and Immediately after
In connection with the roof ques
tion three different men mentioned
the advantage of a wooden lid made
tLTfT ^ P,fnk and Just ■mallet
It , am!tar ot the ■»■ so that
ilth^h , » * th® '8i,a«® an<* settle
",mnar to the method
used by the housewife in pressing
sauerkraut. Additional weights may
be used on this lid.
WThis Z°T BU,'d, An°thar Pit
This was unanimous. Every man
answered yes. The last part of the
Zk changes would you
make. brought out some interest
ing notes. ^ mieresi
"I did build again the eighth
year,” writes Mr. Steele. ‘‘I made
■tnutton** t**®*?* much better con
struction. I ceniented directly on the
Ut^of Clevef/nd1 nW and 8c,ent
geons in ri,i d’ ® ■ American eur
. chIca«o, “man is simply a
mechanism, run by electricity
chemical reaction.” e,ectr,clty and
deafh U di ® restores Tt* At
death it disappears entirely.
*Wn u ha working, u,ay
earm out In the new silo aimed to
put on one Inch of plaster. The old
one only had one-fourth Inch of plas
ter and It Is remarkable that it stood
as well as It did. With us we were
not injured by rain. Two or three
times during the nine years we had
to take out the snow. A reasonable
amount of rain and all the snow one
gets will not Injure the ensilage, but
seepage water will spoil It. My orig
inal silo was a fifty-ton capacity and
not counting my labor, cost me Just
$9.00 In cash and one and a half
sacks of cement for repairs, or $10.50
in nine years.”
large enough and I am going to
build another one this year If I can.
I cannot say too much for a pit silo.”
Mr. Tubbs says: “Yes, I would
build another pit silo only I would
make it about six feel above the
ground. The pit silo is both practi
cal and economical, easy to fill, and )
no trouble to get the feed out.”
Mr. S. A. Calhoun says: "In utld
Ing again, I would build larger. Mine
Is eight feet in diameter and 30 feet
deep. I .have an extension on top
made of four-inch flooring that Is
seven feet high. This is not a suc
cess for storing but is very conven
ient when used as a reserve to take
care of the top as It settles down.”
Mr. Frank Buker says: "I am
preparing to build at least two mors
pit silos. Of the two first pit silos
built the same year, In Fall River
County, I built one. Necessity drove
ine ns a homesteader to dig a cave,
a bank barn, a dug-out chicken
house, then, a cistern and last but
not least, a pit silo.”
Mr. Buker then tells how he built
his silo and continues: "The walls
were not smooth In places and the
plaster was no more than one-fourth
of an Inch in thickness. It later
scaled and had to be repapered, yet
it was sufficient to prove the great
value of such means for storing feed.
This silo Is still In service after five
years, with but a small expense for
repairs or not to exceed $5.00. I
built a second pit silo two years ago
and It has needed no repairs. It
should last almost indefinitely as the
plaster must be at least one-half
inch thick. There is but one prac
tical size of pit silo to build and that
is ten feet in diameter by 22
to 27 feet deep, including the collar.
I I am satisfied the large silos should
not be favored, A number of small
er ones will give better satisfaction
in the end. Our greatest trouble Is
• the time required to construct the pit
silo.”
Conclusions.
The conclusions we would draw
from the reports of these men who
have built and used pit silos Is that
pit silos are unquestionably a suc
cess when they can be built in dry
dirt and that in order to be sure of
the soil considerable time eould well
be spent In prospecting with a two
inch extension soil auger.
The success of the plastered wall
will depend on the type of soil and
the absence of seepage water, but in
some Instances at least it has prov
en, practical. The silo with the plas
tered wall should be filled every year
and should have a good collar ex
tending well above the ground level
to keep out surface water and live
stock, and well below it to protect
from the frost. For the average
farm the size should be from *en to
twelve feet In diameter and twenty
to thirty feet deep. It Is not so dif
ficult to get feed out of a pit silo as
generally supposed. Hand power for
raising is practical and a feed box
that holds from twelve to twenty-five
cubic feet is desirable in most cases.
And, lastly, that a roof is desirable
according to over eighty per cent of
pit silo owners.
Gypsy Fortune Tellers
“Blow” on Pocketbooks
Sacramento, CaJ,—Northern Cali
fornia police are searching for a band
of gypsy women who are making a
flourishing livelihood on the highways
of this section of the State by “blow
ing good fortune*' into the pocket
books of motorists.
The gypsy magicians, according to
reports received, blow steadily on the
wallets of the unsuspecting motorists
for several minutes, whereupon the
spirit of kindly fate is supposed to
descend upon the owner.
When the motorists gets his purse
back, however, he invariably learns
to his great astonishment that sleight
of hand feats as well as spiritual
magic have been practiced upon it.
“Iced Butterflies? Kept
for Winter Exhibition
London.—Nearly 1,000 butterflies
are being kept “on ice’’ at the Zoo to
be “thawed" for public exhibition as
required during the winter.
This remarkable experiment is
being tried owing to the losses hith
erto incurred by allowing the insects
to remain in the outdoor inclosure,
where it is impossible to make ade
quate provision for hibernation.
Thre butterflies—Red AjlmirAls,
Peacocks, and Tortoiseshells—on
being taken from the ice safe in which
they are confined will be placed in a
case containing flowers sprayed with
honey under the glare of a powerful
artificial sun.
It is hoped thus to have a suc
cession of active butterflies on view
continually until the spring broods of
other species arrive to take their
places.
% --- w __
Lloyds will bet on anything re
spectable. When Northcliffe offered
*50,000 for a flight across the English
channel (that makes you smile now)
he Insured himself against loss with
Lloyds. They paid $50,000 to the
successful filer.
That a intensely Interesting.
Speaking physically and physiologi
cally, it is probably true.
But how do the 28,000,000,000 cells
THINK? How do they all con
centrate on the same problem at the
same Instant? “Electricity and
chemical reaction don’t produce
thought, build dynamos, unite
oceans, decorate the Sistine chapel,
or write Bethoven's music.’*
What is the thing that lives a
mon» the 28,000,000,000 cells, ruling
them and this earth? What scientist
will tell us that? _
Love. Joy and Pesos were the names
®* witnesses in a recent vest dispute
before as English amrt,
Aunt
Jemima i
Pancake
Flour
Delicious! 1*
He Didn't Leave It.
Caller—Here is a poem of twenty
stanzas.
Editor (without looking up)—
Twenty-one. It stanza chance of going
Into the waste basket.
A Standard External Remedy
of known value—safe and effective.
It’s “Allcock’s”—the original and gen
uine porous plaster.—Adv. .
Vast Lake of Pitch.
In the thirteen odd million square
miles of territory which comprises the
British empire there are ninny re
markable phenomena, one of the most
interesting being the Pitch * lake of
Trinidad, in the West Indies. It is
a natural reservoir of valuable mineral
pitch, 100 acres in extent, from which
200,000 tons of asphalt are exported
annually. About half way across
Kenya colony, in British East Africa,
is Magndi lake, a vast natural deposit
of soda. The lake Is ten miles long,
two or three miles in width, and seen
from the mountains that surround it,
It has the appearance of u» immense
ruffled white sheet.
Sure Irncugh.
"I read in the puper last night,” said
Professor Pate, “that a member of the
old German aristocracy had turned
to burglary as a regular business.”
“Why do you say ‘turned’?” snarled
J. Fuller Gloom.
An Artist.
"Daughter, doesn’t thnt young man
know how to say good-night?”
“Oh, dafldyl I’ll say he does!”
Resourceful.
A member of the staff of one of a
chain of banks tells this story:
"A customer at one of our branches
called at the office and cashed a check
on her own account.
"Shortly afterward she returned and
asked to see the manager. She ex
plained that, unfortunately, she had
lost the money somewhere In the town.
Would the manager kindly stop pay
ment on her check."
Flapper Corn.
A gentleman farmer hjfU a friend
out to look the plnce over. After In
spection the tractors and one thing
and another they came to a small In
closed corn field.
“What Is this variety yon have
sown?" asked the visitor.
“Flapper corn,” was the reply.
“Flapper corn? I never heard of
that. Is It something new?”
"No, I had it last year. That In
when I gave It the name.”
“And why do you call it flapper
corn?”
“I can't see the enre.”
Odd Fellow!
Guy—Waters has an odd case of
absent-mindedness.
Girl—Oh!
Guy—Yes, he's just back from a mo
torboat cruise, and the other night ha
sat down in the hath and boiled It ouf
until the whole floor was flooded.
Time le Merciless. j
“Time is ungallant.” '/
“Howznt?"
“It tells on n woman.”
MOTHER:— Fletcher’s Castoria is a pleasant, harmless Substi
tute for Castor Oil, Paregoric, Teething Drops and Soothing
Syrups, prepared for Infants in arms and Children all ages.
To avoid imitation!, alway! look for the signature of
Proven directions on each package. Physician* everywhere recommend it
Internal cleanliness
protects against disease
IT is but a step from those immediate results
of constipation—headache, heaviness, loss of
appetite—to serious disease. Such minor ailments
are a warning that poisons from food waste are
flooding your body. Keep clean internally.
In constipation, say intestinal specialists, lies the
primary cause of more than three-quarters of
all illness including the gravest diseases of life.
Laxatives Aggravate Constipation
Laxatives and cathartics do not over
come constipation, says a noted au
thority, but by their continued use
tend only to aggravate the condition
and often lead to permanent injury.
Medical science, through knowledge of
the intestinal tract gained by X-ray ob
Your both go— servajion, nas touna at last in luorica
only ekin-deop. tion a means of overcoming constipa
tion. The gentle lubricant, Nujol, penetrates and
softens the hard food waste and thus hastens its
passage out of the body. Thus Nujol brings in
ternal cleanliness.
Nujol is not a laxative and cannot gripe. Nujol is
used in leading hospitals and is prescribed by
physicians throughout the world.
Don't give disease a start. Adopt this habit of in
ternal cleanliness. Nujol is not a medicine. Like
pure water, it is harmless. Take Nujol as regu
larly as you brush your teeth or wash your face.
For sale by all druggists.
N
For Internal Cleanliness