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About The frontier. (O'Neill City, Holt County, Neb.) 1880-1965 | View Entire Issue (Feb. 8, 1923)
Why Bake At Home when you can buy bread like ft, ready baked? CDUNT the raisins — at least eight big, plump, tender fruit-meats to the slice. Taste it—see how the rai sin flavor permeates the bread. No need to bake at home when we’ve arranged with bakers in almost every town and city to bake this full fruited raisin bread. Just ’phone and they’ll de liver it—all ready t<c sur prise the family tonight. It comes from master bak ers’ modern oven9 in yout* city. And it’s made with Sun-Maid Raisins. That’s another reason for its superiority. A rare combination of nutritious cereal and fruit— both good and good for you, so you should serve it at least twice a week. Use Sun-Maid Raisins also io puddings, cakes and cookies. You may be offered other brands that you know less well than Sun Mrfsds, but the kind you want is the kind you know is good. In sist, therefore, on Sun-Maid brand. They cost no more than ordinary raisins. Mail coupon for free book of tested Sun-Maid recipes. SUN-MAID RAISINS The Supreme Bread Raisin Your retailer should sell you Sun-Maid Raisins for not more than the following prices i Seeded (in IS ox. blue plego.)—20c Seedless (in 15 ox. red pkge.)—If Jo Seeded or Seedless (11 ox.)—lt’o Seeded, in tins (12 oz.)—20c Seeded, in tins (80s.)—15c CUT THIS OUT AND SEND IT ■ ■ 1 - • Sun-Maid Raisin Growers, Dept. N-56S-12, Fresno, California Please send me copy of your free book, | “Recipes with Raisins.” | Name I Street Blue Package j City---State. |r IfflJ in Uses “Cutter s’* jg I yUil Serurns and Vaccinesheis a m via doing his best to conserve your VETERINARIAN IlfS The Cutter Laboratory uThe Laboratory that Knovn tu’v'' Berkeley (U. S. License) California MB a is oat of fashion; ISa’SV ^"^ve fUS g (U a li a Ka a B abundant hair 3 a w «■ " ■ of the original shade by using Q-Ban Hair Color Restorer.—Safe as water —try It. At all good druggists, 75 ceuts, or direct from HESSIC - ELLIS. Chs»t>. Msrnphu. Turn. COUGH?J Trrp“°’,-,i*ton nwlatB 1 tshingly quick re ■ IsImAS lief. A syrup unlike ™ ^ all others—pleas ant—does not up [-- set stomach —no ■ opiates. 35c and M -1 ^80c^yerirwheroJB Cautioned by a Tramp. Woman—Now, if you don’t leave at once I’ll call my husband, and be used to play football In Harvard. Tramp—Lady, if you’se love yer lius- j 4»and don’t; because I used to play wid ! Tule.—Colorado Dodo. The Creative Impulse. Mrs. Itinx—“Horrors! That isn't the,way to make coffee.” New Cook <beavlly)—“What is it the way to make?”—Life. Too Deep. “Dearest, what recipe are you studying?” “Deep dish apple pie.” “With what progress?” . “It's too deep for me.”—Judge. Shavb With Cuticura Soap And double your razor efliciency as well as promote skin purity, skin com fort and skin health. No mug, no slimy soap, no germs, no waste, no irri tation even when shaved twice daily. One soap for all uses—shaving, bath ing and shampooing.—Advertisement. Drama. “I am undone,” wailed the heroine. “Pull yourself together,” cautioned the hero.-!—Louisville Courier-Journal. Hall's Catarrh Medicine Those who are in a "run down" condi tion will notice that Catarrh bothers them much more than when they are in good health. This fact proves that while Catarrh is a local disease, it is greatly influenced by constitutional conditions. HALL’S CATARRH- MEDICINE con sists of an Ointment which Quickly Relieves by local application, and the Internal Medicine, a Tonic, which assists in improving the General Health. Sold by druggists for over 40 Years. F. J. Cheney & Cp., Toledo, Ohio. Tilnny a woman marries for money because she can’t think of any oilier excuse. Don’t Be Fooled Low Price and High Quality . Don’t Go Together, Stick to GAMJMET The Economy BAKING POWDER Never accept “Just as Good” Brands; it will only mean disappointments and fail ures on bake-day, which are expensive. Calumet le a High Grade nahi«g Powder, Moderate In Price When you use it you never spoil any of the expensive in gredients used — j such as flour, sugar, ( eggs and milk. The sale of Calumet is 2H times as much as that of any other brand. THE CO-OPERATIVES SAVED CALIFORNIA By Ralph P.. Merritt. Co-operative marketing makes most progress when times are had, either'with a special crop, or when the whole country is in a slump. We do not want to bother with changes • when things are going smoothly, but the minute thcy#go wrong we look about for new ways to tackle the Job. The history of co-operative marketing » shows that it was developed from necessity; it was found to be the only way out of a bad fix, and is not, therefore, just a theory. To be successful, a co-operative or •ganizatlon should bo organized for the benefit of the producers of a certain industry. And each member of the organization should receive benefit from it in proportion to tho com modity he contributes. Further, the organization should be started and carried on by the mem bers themselves, and its success must depend on the Interest of the growers, on their loyalty, their intelligence, and their ability to see new ways to Im prove and strengthen the movement from the inside. In other words. It the government were to start and maintain an organization the mem bership would not be a real part of it, would not be so Interested and so quick to see ways to Improve it. The Place of tho Government. What the government can do Is to protect tho nation's most vital In dustry by giving these organizations what moral support thej need. It seems beyondi question that it was co-operative marketing that saved California from feeling "hard time." Would tho entire country have N been saved from' the violent depres sion of 1920-1921 if farmers’ co-oper ative selling organizations had been as thoroughly established as they were in California? It 13 possible, particularly If government money support had been forthcoming. For after all, the money question Is the big question, and the government must assure credit, when credit can not be obtained from ordinary local banks and business men. Banks Right-About-Face The experience of the war financo corporation shows this. The wheat growers of the four northwestern states in an emergency, received a credit 'of $10,000,000 from the war finance corporation. But they used only $1,250,000, because as soon as it was known that the government was backing the industry, the banks sud denly c’jlscovered that they had money to lend after all. Again, the prune and raisin growers of California asked for assurance of credit against their crop in the warehouse, and got; it; but again the hanks advanced the money as soon as they saw the gov ernment was backing the producers. The protection of the farmer in his co-operative marketing association lay in the assurances of assistance in 1921 and 1922. For the future the co-operative movement has thus established its banking position. The other place where the govern ment can help is in getting together and distributing information of world markets. Tho present service, to bfe sure, is none too good. When the de partment of commerce began to gather information for rice growers, it was clear that the old method of , lea ruing about w or kit markets were r.ot accurate. But it was a life saver to the'r.ce producers, and the farmers of wheat, barley, and beans, are en titled to similar service. What California Sells. In general, they have in California three kinds of products to sell: First perishables, such as fruit, vegetables, and milk; second, those non-perish ables of which California has the monoply, such as rai sins, pruhes, and dates; and third, the nonperishables which must be sold competitively upon the world market such as barley, wheat and rice. Of course, it takes different kinds of or ganizations to get thoso different products to the markets. Fruits and vegetables must be moved quickly, and the must be sold at once when they reach the market. For this work the growers have to know just which cities are already stocked up with certain kinds of fruits and vege tables, and which ones could use more. They must also know the weather conditions, and many other things, and to collect this information and to distribute the produ< t in a hurry, a wide spread organization is necessary. The California I ruit Growers' Ex change is that organization, arul it has its agencies in every city, toy n, and village cf the United States. It markets over $ '>0,000,000 worth oC oranges ar.d lernocs each normal ye£tr. The association advertises ail «ver the country an 1 In this way creates a national market for its , "Sunkist" oranges and lemons. A large part of the crop is sold on the auction block. A Group Of Srr.'iler Groups. The exchange itself is made up of a lot of small asso 'lotions which have sprung up locally in every orange district. The exchange Is nonprofit and noncapital stock. Pome of them bonded their property—that if., their packing house and equip ment for packing fru't. One subsid iary, the Fruit Growers' Supply com pany Is bonded ar.d the title rests in the members of the exchange in pro portion to the annual sh:prrents which ea h member makes, com pared to the total shipment. The best type Of association hand ling nonperishable crops over which they hold monopolist'e control is the Callfc i'a Associated Itaisln com pany It was created in 1912, after several unsuccessful attempts in pre vious years. When It started 2 cents Intentional. From .ludg*. ‘Did you ever meet with any acci dents?" Inquired the Insurance agent of the cowpuncher who had applie-4 for a policy. '•No," salii the puncher, then adding, * apparently as an after thought, "a bronco kicked two of my ribs in one time, and a rattlesnake bit me on the leg a couple years ago.” “Great Scott!” said the insurance man. “Don't you consider those acci dents?” "Naw,” said the puncher, “they done U a purpose.” m ‘He made more notse than a soap box •rtitor.” said the governor per pound was the ruling price of raisins to the producer. In 1_921 the price to tlie producer was over 8 cents per pound, a^d the consumer was getting a much better, cleaner product, better packed, for very little more money. This organization has capital stock upon which they pay a maximum dividend of 8 per cent, and the way the association came to have capital stock is this: The raisin growers had been standing continuous losses, because they had to sell to speculators who combined and forced down the price. These speculators were the commercial packers, to whom the raisin growers had to sell, because they hud no way to pack and market their product themselves. The Raisin “Monopoly.” Facing bankruptcy, the growers declared their independence by or ganizing the California Associated Raisin company. But they could not be independent of the commercial packers unless they packed and shipped their own product, and this they could not do without capital. Raisins have to be seeded, cleaned, and pa.ked after they come from the vineyard, and before they can be sold. To do this, plants had to bo bought or leased. Most of the money was raised In the city of Fresno. It was subscribed by the growers them selves, and by bankers and public spirited cit'izens who were Interested in saving the industry. Since that time no ferther stock has been is sued except to members of the as sociation, who receive stock each season as partial payment for their crop, upon the unanimous vote of the trustees of the organization. Monopoly—What of It? The Rabin company has been at tacked by the Federal Trade commis sion and by the courts for being a monopoly, which it undoubtedly , is. But how is that to be avoided? The monopoly due to the fact that rais ins are grown nowhere else in the I United States. The raisin packers were a monopoly, before 1912, for the same reason. That is the restricted area of production creates a natural monopoly, whether it is the 15,000 raisin growers or the half dozer, packers who control the marked What of it. The raisin crop is no' necessary to the maintenance of tol lman life, and the existence of a mon opoly in this business therefore is in nowise a public danger. Even if raisins were a necessity of life, it is clear that the producers are simply trustees, because of natural condi tions. If all lJ.000 of them were put in jail, some other 15,000 would have to take over the vineyards. They should be held accountable as trus tees. but that is all. The H-.rricst Job of All. The most difficult kind of market ing is that of nonperishable products upon which there is no monopoly since these products have to be sold upon world market prices. Probably the most successful California organ ization in this class is the Rice Grow ers' Association. As usual, this or ganization was the result of necessity. In October, 1921, most of the rice growers were broke, and business men had lost faith in the industry. Unusual rains had rained half the -520 crop, and the rest brought a price below the cost of production. There was a crop-marketing organi zation through which the crop hail been sold for four year& but it was on acknowledged failurerThe rice in dustry represented 250,000 acres of land and an annual production valued at $10,000,000. So in October, 1921, with not even enough money to harvest their crop, they organized the Rice Growers' As sociation of California. It was evi dent thht they must have two things: First, adequate money backing; and second, adequate information upon which to market the crop. The first was not hard to get, luckily, as thd* War Finance Corporation readily agreed to lend the Rice Growers $1, 250,000. This was to be secured by ware house receipts of rice delivered to warehouses at the of $1.25 per 100 pound bag of paddy rice, and with the assurance that this cash was avail able. local bankers were willing to make advances for harvesting the crop, the advances being liquidated by loans from tho War Finance Corpor ation. Hoover to the Rescue. Tscxt was the Question of securing Information on which to market the crop successfully. Appeal was made to the department of commerce foi fui! and continuous information upon the rice markets of the world. The secretary of commerce made prompt •and enthusiastic response; and there after the rice producers, of California were able to get direct information from Japan. Siam, French Indo Cl.lna, India, Spain, Italy, Egypt and Sau'U America. Consuls and trade advisers reported by cable twice each month upon the prices of rice, Im ports and exports and available sup plies In stock In their respective coun tries. Sold Rce in Japan With this Information and this fi nancial strength, the position of the rice Industry was suddenly trans formed. The association began to of. f''r its rice upon its excitant selling to the highest bidder whenever the market was bid within the world mar ket The dei artment cf commerce re ported a shortage of rice in Japan, and more than 80 per cent of the 1921 crop went to Japan at prices satis factory to the California rice growers r#id also to the Japanese. It would bv impossible to find a finer example of government co-operation with an agricultural Industry. A Measure of Dignity. From the Kansas City Star. Mother—(leorgo. what would you do If another boy called you a story teller? t'.corse (aged 6)—To my face? “Yes.” “About how btg a boy?" Regular Job. Front Louisville Courier-Journal. "lie wants me to Invest 1300.” "Uh." “And promises me permanent occu pation.” "You'll have It—trying to get back your 1300." Life Insurance bought by the Ameri can people In 1922 exceeded by 12 per cent, the to'.al bought In 1M1. SECOND COLD WAVE TO HIT NORTHWEST Mot Expected, However, to Duplicate Temperatures of Saturday and Sunday— Rorida Fruit Menaced. i ^ _ _ BY WILEY S. SCRIBNER, Universal Service Correspondent. Chicago, Feb. 5.—Another cold wave, but not so. severe as that of Saturday and Sunday, Is developing in the northwest and will reach Chi cago by Wednesday, according to the weather bureau Monday. The official weather bulletin, is sued at 10 o'clock Monday night, said: "There has been a redevelopment of the cold wave in Manitoba, that is al ready causing a fall In temperature in North Dakota and eastern Montana. The temperature at Devil's Lake, N. D., is 12 below zero. At the same time tlie temperature continues to moderate In the middle states. in the northwest, more Ifiotv Is falling.” Storm Roaohes Gulf Coast. The sto^m that was driven before the Intense cold had reached the gulf coast Monday night and was pass ing to sea over Florida. Reports in dicated the disturbance had dimin ished In Its force. The next 24 hours will be a critical period for Florida fruit growers. Low temperatures had not reached the Florida districts. The temperature at Jacksonville Monday stood at 68 to 78. A drop to near the freezing point Is expected. Snow covered many southern states. In the southw'est cattle men suffered heavy losses. Joseph Drous sard, a cattle raiser of Jefferson county, Texas, was quoted In a dis patch from Beaumont as estimating 25 per cent, of the cattle in that country had died of exposure. At El Paso, Texas, the temperature dropped to 18 degrees above zero, 14 degrees below freezing. A light snow fell at San Antonio. The temperature at Chicago stood 30 degrees above zero Monday night. Snow was predicted, followed by cold weather, possibly zero. Hundreds of poor were extended charity in Chicago. “We received 125 applications for coal and numerous calls for food and clothing," said William Ehemann, county supervisor of the poor, ‘‘We have had a noticeable increase in the number of calls for nodical aid." Other relief agencies reported heavy demands since the cold swept over the city Saturday. Heavy Snow at Vicksburg. The first snow in years fell Sun day night and Monday in the south ern states. At Vicksburg, Miss., street car service was suspended aft er seven inches of snow had fallen. Sleet and snow was reported through out the Carolinas, Georgia and Ala bama. The temperature was falling rapidly in the wake of the storm. A score of deaths throughout the country were attributed to the storm and cold. A man froze to death in Louisiana, the first death from freez ing reported in that state for 20 years. TENANTS BURN IN Three Unidentified Corpses Recovered From Ruin3 —23 Still Unac counted For. Universal Service. Wichita. Kan., Feb. 5.—Three uni dentified persons are known to have lost their lives and 23 are unac counted for as the result of a fire which early Monday destroyed the four-story Ohetto apartment building here. Eight others are In hospitals badly burned. Those severely burned Include: Lloyd Kinner. 34, barber; V. Bayne, printer; R. H. Tuckett, f>4, labor er; Mrs. A. Helronlmous, 62, widow; Mrs. W. F. Woods, 56, widow, mother of Cleon Woods who is believed to have perished; D. A. Knock, 37, truck driver; S. R. Bayne, 76. carpenter; . John Welsh, 65, laborer. Others injured were treated at a nearby hotel and most of them are recovering from minor burns and ex posure. Many fled from the burning building in their night clothes. Firemen continued their search of the ruins in the expectation of find ing additional bodies. The three bod ies recovered were burned so badlv positive identification was impossible. Flames were first discovered short ly before 3 a. m., and escape by stairways was Impossible. Many of the occupants of the burning build Ing slid down ropes to safety. Thirty-six upartments composed the upper three stories of the four story structure. Business firms were located on the main floor. No cause for the fire has been dis covered. 4444444444444444444 ♦ 4 ♦ DIED U. 8. CITIZEN. 4 4 -— 4 4 Washington. Feb. 5 (A. P.)— 4 4 Henry Edward Pelle, who last 4 4 August Inherited the right to 4 4 assume the title of sixth Vis- 4 4 count of Exmouth, died last 4 4 night at the age of 94 years. 4 4 still an American citizen. He 4 4 had made no plans to return to 4 4 England and assume his peer- 4 4 age. 4^ 4 4’ 444444444444K44444 TURKISH WAR IMPROBABLE, SAYS CURZON Head of British Lausanne Del egation Optimistic in Face of War Preparations — New Conference Possible. BY JOHN T. BURKE, Universal Service Correspondent. Special Cable Dispatch. London, Feb. 5.—Lord Curzon, ar riving here Monday from Lausanne, Indicated that ho considered the re fusal of the Turks not to sign tha near east treaty was riot final and that their action did not portend a new war. “He will soon attempt to enter tha bazaar again and finally will sell his carpet," declared the leader of the British near east delegation to news paper correspondents who greeted him at Victoria station. Lord Curzon appeared plump and optimistic, in striking contrast to the appearance of Premier Bonar I.aw, who looked hag gard and worried. While advices from Athens and Constantinople Indicate that war preprarutlons are going ahead, and while three British warships left Malta Monday to reinforce the fleet In Turkish water, the cheery feeling of Lord Curyon was generally ac cepted here as an indication that the near east threat will he removed with out another war. Cabinet Delays Action. After an extraordinary session of the cabinet Monday night, which heard the report of Lord Curzon on the near ea.st situation, Premier Bonar Law’ announce^ In a formal statement that no action would be taken until after the cabinet meets again Tuesday. it was said Monday mgnt mat a formal statement regarding the Brit ish poslti#i on Turkey may be ex pected Tuesday. Meanwhile accord ing to a high official of the foreign office, the Mudanla convention Is In force between Britain and Turkey, reverting to the status of an armistice which cannot be broken except by an overt act. _ This seems highly im probable, as it is evident neither na tion wants war. It was learned also that while the cabinet is eager that the tangled threads be unravelled it is unlikely that the British delegates will return » to Lausanne, and it Is expected that the Turks eventually wrill send a mis sion either to London or Paris to re new negotiations, Separate Treaty Considered. Meanwhile, owing to the attitude of Prance at Lausanne, the feeling is growing in government quarters that, taking Poincare at his word, Kngland • should deal directly with the Turks, as the concensus of the entente ap pears to be shattered beyond repair. , The best informed members of the diplomatic corps believe that direct dealing with the Turks would be a forerunner to straight out negotia tions with Germany which would lead to the withdrawal of the British troops at Cologne, to be followed by the demand, that in view of the bur den assumed by Kngland In paying its debt to America, the loans due to Great Britain by her allies be settled as speedily as possible. Another Conference Possible. Advices from Lausanne said an other conference might be convened immediately to avert the resumption of war. When the French delegation, headed by M. Bompard, left Lausanne for Paris MoncViy, It was announced that no official notification had been sent Ismet Pasha, Turkish leader. Chat the near east conference was at an end. The Marquis De Garroni intimated that Italy might attempt to bring about a renewal of peace negotia tions to prevent an outbreak of hos tilities. Eleutherlos Venizelos and his Greek colleague! plainly were angry over the numerous concessions made to the Turks. They said Greece was ready to resume the war, but hesitated to do no without pledges of outside sup port. Georges Tchitcherin and the other Russian delegates were visibly elat ‘d over the collapse of the conference, and it was evliVent they took credit for the firm stand of the Turks. Russia has offered its support to Tur key and is ready to make a separate treaty with Angora. The Greeks have 70,000 troops massed in Thrace and the Turks about 15,000. Great Britain, witli a big fieet and a large army mobilized In Turkey Is prepared for any eventuality, al though no move is expected tinder any consideration until parliament convenes next week. More Concessions Predicted. Belief is growing here that Premier P.onar Law will make further conces sions to the Turks rather than risk participation in near east hostilities. The breakdown of the Lausanne conference has thrown a further strain upon the Anglo-French alli ance, as indications are growing that France is ready to make a separate treaty with the Turks. REPORT CEREMONY FORBIDDEN Mexico City. Feb. 5 (A. P.)—The conservation of Monsignor Jose Mun riquez Zaratl as the bishop of Hue juetla, which was to take place yes terday at Cerro Del Cubilete. where recently outdoor ceremonies were held which culminated in the expul sion from the country of Monsignor Flllppl, the apostolic delegate was forbidden, Saturday by Senor Valen zuela. sub-secretary of the interior, according to Ui Universal, and Li Democrats.