HUGHES GIVES APPROVAL TO WORLD LEAGUE “Plain Need” For It, He Says —Would Safeguard U. S. Through Four Reservations In Peace Treaty Resolution. By United Press. Washington, July 29—Charles E. Hughes, in a letter to Senator Fred erick Hale, of Maine, made public to day. declares in favor of a League of Nations, but maintains that certain reservations and*interpreiations to the present covenant are necessary to protect American Interests. The interpretative reservations sug gested by Hughes are: 1. —That any nation, after giving the two years’ notice of withdrawal, shall •cease to be a member of the league, •despite any charge of non-fulfillment of any international obligations, pro viding the withdrawal would not re lease the power from any debt or lia bility. 2. —That questions relating to immi gration or import duties, when they do no effect any international engage ment. should be regarded as matters of ■domestic policy and not within the Jurisdiction of the league. 3. —That the United States under i Article XXI of the convenant (refer ring to the Monrpe Doctrine), does not relinquish any »* its traditional at titude toward purely American ques tions and that the United States may ■prevent acquisition by any non-Amer ican power of any territory of eon ■trol in the Western hemisphere. 4. That the United States under Ar ticle X of the covenant, does not as sume any obligation to employ its tariny or navy in any expedition that is not authorized by congress. Hale Asks Opinion. Hughes’ letter was in response to a •communication from Hale, in which the latter asked the former supreme court Justice for his opinion as to what res ■ervations to the peace treaty and league covenant should be made “to safeguard the interest.' of the coun try.” Hale said that "many of us are in tfavor of having the United States en ter a league of nations, provided that in so doing we do not sacrifice the sovereignty or traditional policies of our country.” He added that “we be lieve the proposed covenant now be fore the Senate does not make such a. sacrifice.” Need for League. “There is plain need for a league of nations,” Hughes replied, “in order to provide for the adequate development of international law, for creating and •maintaining organs of international Justice and the machinery of concilia tion and conference, and for giving effect to measures of international co operation which from time to time may bo agreed upon. “It is manifest that every reasonable effort should be made to establish peace as promptly as possible and to bring about a condition in which Eu rope can resume its normal industrial activity.” Want* “Middle Ground.” Hughes said he perceived no reason "why these objects cannot be attained without sacrificing the essential inter ests of the United States," and sug gested there was a “middle ground be tween aloofness and injurious com mitments,” %, "One must take a light hearted view of conditions in the world to assume ■that the proposed plan will guarantee peace,” he said. “Rather, the proposed covenant should be regarded as a mere beginning." According to Hughes, “the prudeat course would be to enter the proposed league with reservations of a reason able character, which should meet with ready assent. Regarding the validity of reserva tions, Hughes said there was no aecd to assume that a reservation would lead to the complete failure of the treaty or compel a resumption of the peace conference, when the reservation leaves unimpaired the main provisions of the covenant. He added further that any nation making reservations, “is not bound further than it agrees to be bound." Proposes Resolution. Tin- resolution suggested by Hughes regarding reservations reads as fol lows : The Senate of the United States of America advises and consents to the * ratification of said treaty, with the fol lowing reservations and understandings as to its interpretation and effect to be made part of the Instrument of ratifi cation : "First: That whenever two years' no tice of withdrawal from the League of Nations shall have been given, as re dded In Article I of the covenant, the power giving the notice shall cease to be a member of the league or subject to the obligations of the covenant or the league, at the time specified In the notice, notwithstanding any claim, charge or finding of the nonfulfillment of any international obligation or of any obligation under said covenant: provided, however, that such with drawal shall not release the power from any debt or liability theretofore in curred. Second: That questions relating to immigration, or the imposition of such Unties on imports, where such ques tions do not arise out of any interna tional engagement, are questions of do mestic policy, and these and any other questions which, according to Interna tional law, are solely within the-Jomes tic jurisdiction are not.to be submitted for the consideration or action of the League of Nations or of any of its agencies. On Monroe Doctrine. Third: That the meaning of \rtlcle XXI of the covenant of the I.pague o! Nations is that the United States of Americar>.'-r destroying the League of Nations plan or endangering the treaty, accord ing to this information. Il was in accordance with this plan that Senator Hale, Maine, obtained [ from Charles EJ. Hughes the views j Hughes embodied in a set of reserva tions submitted in a letter to I-Iale, l made public today. “We all want reservations,” said Hale, “but as to the wording of them we may differ. That is something that must be carefully worked out and w» therefore must get the ideas of a« many men ae we can.” [CLAIMS IOWA GUARD WILL BE INCREASED — ' Hull Criticises War Department Policy Jn Holding Down the Strength of Guard Units. Washington Bureau, The Tribune. Washington, July 29.—Representa i tlve Hull. o£ the Second district today i predicted enlargement of the national guard over the figures recently given 1 out by the war department. He said Iowa would be one of the states to get I a larger apportionment. ! Mr. Hull, as member of the House I committee on military affairs recently railed attention of Secretary Baker ' and General March to the fact they were holding the national guard below i figures . tided by congress and pro tested against it as unfair to the | guard. “Congress has allowed Jl-t.OOO.OOO which can be used to aid the guard.” said Mr. Hull. “The war department j figured out the lowest minimum it j could. It is the same old story of the egular army officers trying to block , ilie guard. The House military com j mittee told Baker and March it stands ready to recommend more for the guard if needed. I look for Iowa's quota to be raised. The matter gains added interest because Iowa and other guardsment ba.ck from France are bit ter against the West Point system and its clique.” HAVRE LABOR"LEADERS COMMANDERING FOOD By Aeccclat..d Press. Havre, .Trly 29.—Officials of federated trade unio.is went to the wholesale market today and obliged producers to sell them a quantity of foodstuffs, at jirlces varying at-from 5 to 75 per cent under the average market price. They then took the foodstuffs to one of the public market places where they were HG.U at cost price. ITALIAN AMBASSADOR TO BE RECALLED SOON Rome, J ’v 2j.—The Popolo Roman* said Sund. that the Italian ambassa dor to the e«l States, Count Mac-chi di Cellere, . -ji.ld be recalled shortly. Race War Renewed When Ne gro Fires on White Workmen Today—Rocks, Razors and Guns Used In Sunday Battling. Chicago, July 29.—Trouble between whites and negroes was renewed In Chicago's black belt today when Moses Thomas, a negro, lired several shots at a wagon load of white workmen be ing taken to a south side factory. When an atteinpL was made by whites to disarm Thomas, a dozen negroes rushed to his assistance. The police quelled the disturbance and reported that nobody had been injured. Tile disturbance continued on Went worth avenue, between Thirty-fifth and Thirty-seventh streets, where many negro workmen reside. A riot call was sent to the Dcering street police sta tion, but when a wagon load of patrol men arrived on the scene the fighting was over. Hundreds of white men and negroes were gathered in groups on the sidewalk, and Patrolman Phillip Groak had Thomas in custody. The police dispersed the crowds and withdrew. Police continued to patrol the black belt today in an effort to prevent re currence of yesterday’s race rioting during which at least two negroes were killed and more than 50 whites and ne groes hurt. atarts Among Darners. The trouble began when negroes ap peared at a beach usually used by whites only. White men and boys were said to have thrown stones at negro bathers, one negro boy being hit on the head anil tumbled from a skiff Into the water. When negroes attempted to rescue him and returned volley for volley of stones, fights began which lasted four hours and extended four miles from the scene of the first out- j break. The negro drowned. Another i negro is reported to have died from bullets fired by a policeman who shot ' into a. crowd of negroes seeking to i bent him. Scores of persons, including several whie women, were hurt by bricks and j stones. Several were slashed by razors while many were hit. by bullets. Negroes at home in State street, in : the heart of the black belt. beat, whites promiscuously through the day and night. Whites Went about dragging ne- i 1 groes from street cars and beating j them The trouble moved from one part of the negro district to another. Hun dreds of policemen were rushed to the troubled neighborhood and succeeded in keeping the disorders scattered. Patrolmen on duty in the black belt j today were instructed to' search art ! negroes for fire arms and to prevent whites and blacks from congregating i in groups of more than three persons, j Police Captain Mullen said lie had no | fear of further serious outbreaks. Coroner Peter M. Hoffman, in open- ! ing the inquest today over the uniden- ! titled negro boy who was drowned in yesterday's disturbances, announced i he would make a thorough investiga tion of the entire jdTair. D . J. U. Turner, a negro city health department officer, during the fighting last night was attacked by five white men on a south side street. When his assailants saw his star they fled. Dr. i Turner chased them and captured i Henry Rosin, 19 years old, who was ! turned over to the police and booked on a charge of assault. Another disturbance reported was j that of Robert Reynolds and George j Martin, negro ' oys, employed as mes sengers by the . Costal Telegraph Com- ! pan.v, who were attacked by 10 white men. The hoys were rescued by the j police, but no arrests were made. DECLARES POGROMS IN POLAND EXAGGERATED Morgenthau, American Inves tigator, Reports Jews Partly to Blame For Troubles. By Associated Press. Paris. July 29.—Henry Morgenthau, appointed by President Wilson as head of the American commission to inves tigate reported pogroms in Poland, told newspaper men here today that the short visit he had made to Poland had convinced him that the reports of the pogroms were tremendously exagger ated. Mr. Morgenthau addied his view that the Polish Jews sometimes overlooked the fact that equal rights involved equal duties. EXPECT SHIP TIEUP TO BE BROKEN BY TONIGHT By United Press. New York, July 29— Many steam ships tied up for almost three weeks by the strike of marine workers may sail tonight as theVesutt of agreements expocted to bo reached between the marine engineers’ bene'etai associa tion and steamship on- rs today. The marine engineers ; ie o:,Iy work ers whose derna .ave not been granted. MAN, 39, CONFESsIsT TO MURDER OF CHILD By Associated Press. Chicago. July 29.—Thomas Fitzger ald,, 39 years old and married, con fessed Sunday to the police that he killed little Janet Wilkinson. 6 years old, a neighbor's child, last Tuesday by strangling her. He accompanied tho police to his home and showed th»m where I-e had ooacealeth Ch« body beneath some coal under the basement steps unit it was recovered. ♦-♦■♦♦♦444444 + 4444444W. 4 MARRIED BY WIRELESS 4 4 PHONE WHILE FLYING 4 4 AT SO MILES AN HOUR 4 4 4 4 By Associated Press. 4; 4 New York, July 29.—Travel- 4' 4 ing SO mill's un hour, 2.000 feet 4 ♦ in the air, Lieut. George Bur- 4 4 gess, army aviation corps, and 4 4 Miss Emily Schaefer, of Brook- 4 4 lyn, were married Saturday by 4 4 wireless telephone. The cere- 4 4 mony was conducted by the Rev. 4 4 Dr, Alex Wouters from another 4 4 airplane, piloted by X.leut, Eu- 4 4 gene H. llartsdale. best matt, 4 4 while the machines circled above 4 4 200,000 persons attending a po- 4i 4 lice field day at Sheepshead Bay 4 4 speedway. -R 4 The bridesmaids, who were in 4) 4 the grandstand, had wireless tel- 4 4 ephone connection with the air- 4 4 planes. 4 4 4 Witness Tells House Committee Steffens and Hale Misled Wilson Regarding the Mexican Leader. Washington, July 29.—Misled in, their investigations in Mexico, Wrilliam Bayard Hale and Lincoln Steffens in turn misled President Wilson Into be lieving that President Carranza was "the people's champion," the House rules committee was told today by William Gates, an archaeologist of P.altimore. The commission is hold ing hearings on a resolution proposing investigation of the Mexican situa tion. Declaring that his opinions were based on a first hand study of condi tions when he toured Mexico in l#li and 1918, Gates described Carranza as an "enemy of his own people first, tha United States second, and all civiliza tion." The Mexican president, the witness said, is more anti-Saxon than anti American, hopes to set up the suprem acy of the Latin races and desires to drive American and British capital from his country. Gates said that after their investi gations in Mexico for the president. Hale and Steffens were employed by the Germans. Gates said there were "very few actual bandits other than Carranza soldiers, who are usually headed by (heir officers." He added that revolu tionary bands exliA. and that in dis tricts under their control lie felt safer than in Mexico City. Allied Ultimatum Against Red Leader Resulting In Turning Sentiment Against Communists. By Associated Press. Paris, July. 29.—Troops of the Hun garian soviet government at Budapest are said to lie about to abandon sup port of Bela Kun, head or the com munist government there, according to advices from Vienna. Bela Kun's fin ancial embarrassment was reported to be very serious. A strong arraignment of the present Hungarian government is contained in the allied statement issued Saturday in which it was made known to the Hungarian people that they could only obtain a removal of the blockade and receive food supplies if they ousted Bela Kun and set up a truly reprosen tat've government. The text of th« statement follows: "The allied and associated govern ments are most anxious to arrange S peace with the Hungarian people and thus bring to an end a condition c* things which makes the economic re vival of central Europe Impossible and defeats any attempt to secure supplies for its population. These tasks cannot even be attempted until there Is in Hungary a government which repre sents Its people and carries out in the letter and the spirit the engagements into which It has entered with the as sociated governments. "None of these conditions is fulfilled by the administration of Bela Kun, which has not only broken the armi stice to which Hungary was pledged, but is at this moment actually attack ing a friendly and allied power. RUMANIANS ACTIVE. Vienna, Sunday, July 27.—The Huts garian soviet troops have been throw* back in disorder across the The)"" river by the Rumanians at Szolnok a.. other points, according to reports re ceived here today. Count Michael Karolyi, former pro visional president of Hungary, who is reported detained by the Czecho-Slo vak authorities at Prague, issued a let ter Just before leaving Austria in which he claimed he did not intend to have a communist government formed in Hungary. The count said he was be trayed by the socialists, who agreed to form a new cabinet under his presi dency, but Intrigued behind his back to form a socialist communist govern ment and seized arms to this end. POLES CAPTURE 6,500 IN GALICIAN ADVANCE Copenhagen, July 29.—The Polish advance into Galicia, which the Polish I press bureau announced yesterday, was [ made so rapidly that the Ukrainians ; hail r.o time to destroy the railways or ! bridges as they retired, i The Poles, according to this nn ; noutscemont, tookr 6,500 prisoners and i 41 guns, as wall as VJ9t qufltitUiee of | tnuttiUona, If Chaloner, Declared Sane, An nounces He Will Give Efforts to Fighting Insanity King. By Associated PV«*s, New York, July 29.—-A serew years’ war on the "lunacy trust" Is declared by John Armstrong Chaloner, grand son of John Jacob Astor and owner of an estate valued at more than $1,500, 000, who Saturday won his 20-year fight for legal establishment of Ua sanity In New York state. Adjudged insane here In 1897, con fined in Bloomlngdale asylum, only to escape and flee to Virginia, where h($ was able to establish his sanity, and now by a decision returned by Supremo Court Justice Ford "a sane and com petent person in New York state," Mr. Chaloner declared that, like Edmontf Dantes In Monte Christo, "X have dug my way out nfter 22 years and de clare war on the condition which Im prisoned me.” Summoning together a group olj newspaper men, Mr. Chaloner outlined ills campaign. Xle figures that fivq years' of warfare Is necessary t.o de feat the “lunacy trust" In the United States, and that after his victory here only two years will have to be de voted to Europe before there, too, he ■will be victorious. The "lunacy trust" hero Is "rich and entrenched," declared Mr. Chaloner, but he asserted he was willing to de vote to his campaign both his time and his Income, which amounts to $112,000 a ysar. PRESIDENT SEES Discusses Peace Treaty and Itinerary of National Tour With White House Callers. By Associated Preae. Washington. July 23.—President Wilson began discussion of the peace treaty today with democratic senators. Further conferences with republican senators, a dozen of whom already, have visited the White House, were held in abeyance. Senator Thomas, democrat, of Colo rado, was the first caller today, re maining with the president for half an hour. He describe^! his talk with the president as "highly satisfactory," but Refused to go into details regarding the discussion. Representative Hudspeth asked thut president to include El Paso, Tex., in mis itinerary. Mr. Wilson said he hoped to Include El Paso. Senator Johnson Calls. Senator Johnson, of South Dakota, another White House caller, said after Eiis talk with the president that, in hia opinion, the treaty either must be ac cepted by the Senate without change or flatly rejected. Any reservations, he said, would lead to complications. Senator Johnson Invited the presi dent to visit Sioux Falls and Mitchell, S. D., during his “swing around the circle,” but the president did not give a definite answer. Senator Smith, Arizona, said he did not discuss the treaty with the presi dent and declined to reveal the nature of their conversation. Representative Upshaw and several pther Georgia congressmen invited the president to include Atlanta in his itin erary. FLEET NOW BIDING WIIESOFPIICIFIC Steaming Up Western Coast To wards San Diego, Cal., Through Canq.1 With out Trouble. On Board the U. S. S. New Mexico, July 29.—The Pacific fleet, which passed successfully through the Puna kna canal on its voyage from Hampton [Roads to the west coast of the United States, sailed last night from Panama lor San Diego, Cal. The six dreadnoughts, led by th< .flagship New Mexico, which safely passed through the canal Saturdaj \vere the largest ships that ever have passed through the wnterwtay. Thf hvernge time of passage for each war ship from Colon to Balboa was 1( '■ -ur;.. “This is the biggest event it the history of the canal," said Gov Chester Harding, of the canal zone. Saturday afternoon Admiral Rodman 'visited President Porras, of Panama [who congratulated the naval officer or [his success in negotiating the canal ^Approximately 3,600 sailors were giver shore leave at Panama and the cltj celebrated. The fleet left its anchorage in Gatur lake at dawn Saturday morning, pro ceeding! In pairs two hours apart. Th< (New Mexico and Wyoming led th< [way, followed by the New York ant Texas and the Mississippi and Arkan sag. PLAN TO ToOr SOUTH AMERICA BY AIRPLANE New York. July 29.—A year’s aerta cruise from New York to South Amerl ca will be started next month by Ma jor S. E. Parker and O. Talbot Will cox, formerly members of the royal ni foroe, it is announced here. TUe 'ou will be made In a three-passenger fly Ink* boat equipped’' with a ISO-horse power motor and carrying wlrsles telephone and telegraph apparatus SUMS COIST PRICES ON OIL Senator Poindexter Call3 For Probe—Raps Standard Oil, Claiming Huge Prof iteering. By United Press. Washington, July 29.—Investigation of operations of the Pacific coast oil companies by the federal trade com mission, is provided in a Senate reso lution introduced by Senator Poindex ter, Washington. The resolution re | quests that every phase of the oil busi ness. both producing and marketing be gone into, with particular reference to fuel oil. In introducing the resolution, Poin dexter declared that oil consumers on the coast are required to pay $1.85 a barrel for fuel oil which is sold in New Orleans at 80 cents. “Inasmuch as the Pacific coast, through its California oil fields, pro duces more oil than it consumes, there is no excuse for the coast prices ex ceeding Atlantic or Gulf prices.” he’ declared. That the investigation. If ordered, will have a direct bearing on the whole cost of living (location was asserted by Poindexter, who said "fuel oil enter*' into the cost price of nearly every commodity. “Consumers who- have ffted protest* with me claim that the price of oil on the Pacific coast i# arbitrarily fixed by the Standard Oil Company, of Cali fornia,” said Poindexter. “There Is no real competition. The Standard's control has brought It enormous pro file. enabling it to pay dividends in the last three years- of 166 per cent. Last year s profit was $44,000,000 and an es timate based' on the first six months shows that of 19-19 will be millions higher. In the three years when the Standard has paid these 165 per cent dividends, prices of fuel oil on the const have advanced nearly three fold." Poindexter’s resolution directs the commission to pay particular attention to the Standard Oil, the Union and the General Petroleum Companies and “to report to the Senate what, if any, combinations In restraint of trade, or unfair competition have existed and do exist and, if any, the effect they have had on the market price of fuel oil, gasoline and other petroleum prod ucts." Recommendations are invited from the commission to meet the condition. DENY LAW BREAKING. By United Press. Los Angeles, Cal., July 29.—Califor nia's oil company officials professed in nocence today of the charges of manip ulating oil prices on the Pacific coast and of illegal combinations of oil pro ducers made in the Senate by Senator Poindexter. “It is probably a legitimate subject for investigation, however, if anyone wants to Investigate it,” an attorney representing leading oil Interests de clared. There was a tendency to law the low price for oil in New Orleans, as quoted by Senator Poindexter, to the proximity of Now Orleans to the Texas oil fields. SENATE MOVES Bill Increasing Army Ofiicer Personnel From 9,500 to 18,000 Passes Without Record Vote. By Associated Press. Washington, July 2'J.—Without a rec ord vote the Senate today passed and sent to the House the administration: bill authorizing an Increase from 9,500 to 18,000 In the number of commis sioned officers to be retained in the army this yea9\ CORNPRICE UP 6 CENTS By Associated Press. Chicago, July 29.—Danger that the domestic corn crop of 1919 will be cut In two by drought ami hot winds re sulted today in hoisting prices more than 6 cents a bushel. Reports were ourrent that 9ie crop in the central states had already been damaged 25 per cent. Active buying carried the T- Tiber delivery to the highest price yet thi.T season, $1.72*4. as against $1-63*49 l.CC*4 at the close on Saturday. THIS MAIL CARRIER HAS CELLAR BANDITS NEWEST BRAND OF LAW VIOLATORS Des Moines, la.. July 29.—Cellar bandits are the latest worry of Iowa state and federal agents. Hundreds of secret liquor caches in Iowa have been raided by fake polioe men, sheriffs, attorney generals and de partment of justice operatives since the ‘ long drought began. Arrests for the offense have been made in all parts of the state, federal agents whu are tak ing a blind in the fraudulent seizures report. In the country roundabout Council Bluffs an organized gang was appar ently at work, farmers' homos were entered recently and whisky conSiscat 1. ed, no arrests being trade. Arrests for thefts of boose inoludd ■ three at Oskaloosa and three in Polk county. In each instance the men he!
  • it is allegt d, represented themselves us 9 feders! agents or state “spotters.” ih ''Eight hundred natives were killed a ad , 3,600 woutvied during the recent digturh aneea In Egypt, according to dispatch** luot.Cuu. E. IL IL ;iaat>jf.