THE O'NEIL FRONTIER. D. H. CRONIN. Publisher. O'NEILL. NEBRASKA There is very little uniformity In the size or other characteristics of the American county. It means some thing entirely different from the Kng llsh county, which will average 1,000 square miles an sufficient to cause a lot of trouble Heavy snow storms are rare at thi* season of the year. NEBRASKA CURATOR GETS NEW INDIAN COLLECTION Lincoln. Neb.. March 27.—A new col lection of Indian implements was se cured by < -urator Gilmore on recent visits to northeastern Nebraska. Among them is a blood-letting knife, made of the tooth of a rattlesnake as the blade, fastened on a piece of wood. A mallet wras used to drive tlie tooth into a vein. A mortar of black walnut and a pestle were also included. As show ing that music was not unknown a flageolet Is shown. It comprises several notes on the scale. Phonographic rec ords of some of the tunes played on this instrument were secured. HOUSE MEMBERS SIGN FOR "FREEZE OUT" IF SENATEGETS MULISH Not Going to Be Bluffed Frora Attitudes By Threats of Long Session. Lincoln, Neb., March 27.—The house members, or at least 90 of them, are willing to stay "until the last dog is hung." Tills is the ultimatum handed to the senate by the house in effect, when the 90 house members signed a petition to the effect that they would not desert the legislative halls untit (lie speaker had finally smashed tho desk with his gavel and announced that the house had adjourned sine die. Tint proviso regarding excuses issued by th<< ! speaker is attached, however, to guard against exigencies. The speaker some time ago an nounced his intention of withholding his signature from the pay checks foi the last months work until the legis lature had actually adjourned, so at to hold members to their tasks. In thy past It has been the custom, in eased where important questions are to hi adjusted by conference committees al the last moment, to flee for home oij the pretext of urgent business, and leave the bills to their fate, anothei way of dodging the Issues when tin i pressure gets a bit too strong. Likewise, the senate has announced that it may stay all summer rathei than give in on several conference mat ters which are sure to arise over uni versify, normals, and general appro priations, and this method is taken ol telling the senate that the house ii ready for the scrap. The house passed another consolida tion hill, uniting the stallion reglstra. tion board and the live stock sanitary : board under the state veterinarian. II i also passed the bill providing for a , state budget and the measure to pro- j vide for an efficiency survey com- I mission, providing $4,000 for the yvorl of this commission during the nexi biennium. The normal school appro priation, which It is believed will causy a long drawn battle between the two houses, was passed by the house, 90 tn 0. _A._ VETERAN FREMONT LAWYER GOES TO SIOUX FALLS Fremont. Neb. March 27.—E. F. Gray dean of the Fremont bar, and one of the oldest practitioners In Nebraska, has departed for Hloux Falls, H. D., to make his home with his daughter, Mrs. E. O. Jones. Mr. Gray made the journoy across the continent in an ox cart in 1859 to California, in search of gold. The next year he did surveying work in Oregon and Washington, studying law when he could find time. He then went to Boise City, Ida., and was admitted to the bar. going to Lewiston he was named district attorney of the Third district, comprising a third of the state. He drew the present criminal code for the state of Idaho. In 1867 he set out to visit his parents, Mr. and Mrs. A. W. Gray, of Johnson county, Nebraska. His father was serving in the Nebraska legislature, then held in the capital at Omaha. E. F. Gray was shortly after - ward appointed district attorney, with headquarters in Fremont and that was tlie beginning of his residence here in 1S07. C. W. BRYAN FILES AS CANDIDATE FOR MAYOR Lincoln, Nob., March 27.—C. W. Bryan, brother of the secretary of state, lias made good on his promise to enter the city campaign as a candidate for mayor if he could not induce some other citizen to take up his “construc tive program” campaign. In a state ment issued, when he filed yesterday, he said that he was moved to action by the failure of the present city execu tive to study out, present and back measures for the development of the city, which are the basis for business success, personal comfort and improve ment. Mr. Bryan was a champoin of the adoption of the commission form of government, and he says that the present mayor has failed to live up to its dominant idea, that of the chief executive being a leader in progres sive thought and action. Mr. Bryan is an accomplished politi cian, and is expected to make a strong race. Two years ago he backed a slate of municipal ownership candidates, and put through one candidate even when the public service corporations and the wets combined against him. He also opposed the adoption of a city charter that did not meet with his approval, and beat it badly. He also has to credit at least one other municipal victory. MAY HAVE CHANCE FOR COUNTY COMMISSIONS Lincoln, Neb.. March 27.—If the sen ate looks kindly upon the bill just passed by the house, the various coun ties of Nebraska will have an oppor tunity of trying out the commission form of government as It applies to them. It provides for the adoption of the system by popular vote, and creates a board of three men, who will be the only officers elected in each county. A division of the duties now developing upon the various county officers Is pro vided for, each commissioner being at the head of a department. They ap point all subordinates and all necessary assistants, and fix all salaries. A non partisan bailot is provided for. JUGGLING BOND ISSUE OF "PAPER" RAILROAD Lincoln, Neb., March 27.—Attorney General Reed is investigating an in formal complaint against an Omaha casualty company that has some peculiar angles. As the matter has been presented it appears that the president of the Omaha company has caused his concern to take over the suretyship of a $200,000 Issue of railroad bonds on which an eastern company he had formerly been connected with had guaranteed the payment of principal and Interest. The railroad company that issued the bonds, it is represented to the attorney general, exists only on paper and because of the depression In the money markets has little present chance of being developed. The inquiry involves the right of the Omaha com pany to retain its charter under the cir cumstances. CLAIM DISEASE ANNULS POLICY OF ACCIDENT Lincoln, Neb., March 26.—The West ern Travelers' Accident association re fuses to pay the $5,000 claim that rela tives of James W. Kerr, a well known traveling man, are seeking to enforce. Kerr had a corn on his big toe, and while cutting it one day the knife slipped. Blood poison set in and he died. The association denies liability on the ground that Kerr had diabetes at the time, and under the terms of the policy it is not liable when a person dies of an accident while diseased. TO STOP PADDING OF PAYROLLS BY DIRECT ISSUE OF WARRANTS State Auditor Smith Will Dis. continue Lump Allowances to Departments. Lincoln. Neb.. March 27.—Stat* Auditor Smith lias issued orders that hereafter a separate warrant will b* Issued to every employe of the state, as the law requires. In order to avoid bookkeeping and extra clerical labor, auditors have been issuing one stat« warrant to the principals of norma) schools and allowing them to distribute the money to those who had earned it This practice formerly existed with re lation to the other state institutions* but was abandoned some years ago lie cause of tho opportunity it gave foi stuffing the payroll. Auditor Smith says lie cannot understand why anj exception should lie made in the east of normal school principals. Principals have been either deposit ing the warrant in the banks to theii personal credit or handing it over tc the registrar to do, and then giving a, personal check to each employe Hereafter warrants will be drawn upon the payroll as certified by the business agent of each normal and sent to hire for distribution among the employes* each of whom must sign a receipt fo. It. Auditor Smith says it causes nc more work for state employes to have the auditor's office force draw the war rants than for tlie payment by persona checks. —f— TEACHERS IN LINCOLN FOR EDUCATIONAL ASSOCIATION Lincoln. Neb., March 27.—Teachers from most of the towns and cities oi southeastern Nebraska are here in at tendance- at tlie annual session of tlie Southeastern Nebraska Educationa) association. Tlie regular work began this morning with an address of wel jome from City Superintendent Hunter Chancellor Avery spoke on “Education tnd Progress,” Dr. Henry S. Curtis or “Education Through Play” and Dr Charles H. Judd on “The Cultivation of tho Initiative in Students.” HUSBAND TOO EXPENSIVE; YOUNG WIFE ASKS DIVORCE Lincoln. Neb.. March 27.—As on) reason why she would like to have n pivorce, Mrs. Wiley ]<\ Robertson tell) the district court that the pleasure <>( Her husbands company cost her $5,00( [or the last six month. They were mar ried last July, and separated in De .-ember, when he told her that it wat none of her business when she inquire^ why he was writtlng endearing letters to another woman. Mrs. Robertson ll 19 years of age, and received $7,0U« [rom the railroad company for dam ages occasioned by the accidental kill ing of her first husband. Robertsoi; was a boilermaker at the Havclocli shops, but lie quit work as soon as be was married, and purchased a honu and automobile. After Robertson hat gone she discovered lie had drawn out rnost of their money and mortgager their home. She received a divorce and tlie title to tlie property. TREASURERS ARE GUILTY OF “MORAL DELINQUENCY’' Lincoln. Nob.. March 27.—State Treasurer Hall, in a statement just Issued, imputes moral delinquency to those county treasurers who have re fused to obey his order to send in monthly their collections of state taxes. He says that the treasurer of Lancaster county, for instance, makes $1,000 a year in interest on the state money he deposits, whereas if the state had the money the taxpayers would get $1, 500 Interest. Mr. Hall intimates very strongly his belief that the bankers in the various counties are the men who are urging the treasurers not to send the money in monthly to the state treasurer, in order that they may profit by the deposits, the state getting 3 per cent from it depositaries and the coun ties but 2 per cent. Mr. Hall says: “I deny that Treasurer Sommerlaad, of Lancaster county is working for the Interest of the people of his county when he wrongfully takes a thing which does not belong to them and gives it to them. If I, as an employe of the state, were able to and willing to steal for mv state. I would be equally willing and able to steal from my state.” NURSES AND ROMANCE SOMETIMES AFFILIATE Lincoln. Neb., March 27.—Nurses do marry their patients, sometimes. In proof of it, Miss Maude M. Kreamer, who has been nursing James G. Given for the last two years, married him yes terday afternoon. When Given was admitted to a Lincoln hospital two years ago. Miss Kreamer was assigned to take care of him. Since then, at in tervals. she has nursed.him, relieving his mother. The latter died a few weeks ago. Mr. Given is still an in valid, not able to be out of a chair. LYONS—Peter Molsant, a former Lyons citizen who recently moved to Burbank, S. P., died while visiting his brother, John Molsant, in Oklahoma, and the body was taken to his South Dakota home for bur ial. He leaves a widow and six children, his daughter, Mrs. J. L. Moisant, residing here. LINCOLN—House bill No. 300 passed the senate. The bill provides for the holding open of primary and the general election polls the same hours. The polls in both eases will open at 8 in the morning and close at 8 at night. However, In the case of the primary, voters who are within the polling place or are in line to vote when 8 o'clock comes will bo allowed to vote, although they will not bo allowed to do so In the regular elections. LINCOLN—H. H. Wilson, one of the Nebraska members of the National Red Cross, received a check for $1,135 from the Pacific-Panama exposition committee, with the request that It be used for aid of Belgians. The money was raised for a Nebraska exhibit at the exposition, but the plan was abandoned and the com mittee suggested that it be sent to Bel gium, which wUl be done. FREMONT—Seventeen hours behind schedule as the result of being stalled 111 a snowdrift near Gordon, Northwestern train No. 6 from the Black Hills arrived In Fremont Tuesday. While the train was tied up In the snowbank food was brought to the passengers on bobsleds by farmers. WIFE IS ACCUSED OF COMPLICITY IN MURDER St. Louts. Mo.. March 25.—Ralph S. Holliday was named as the assassin of Richard Randolph and Mrs. Ran dolph was named as accessory before the fact in the verdict of the coroner’s Jury today. Randolph was shot late Tuesday while in Ills wholesale store. I The police are looking for Holliday. Mrs. Randolph is under arrest. At the equator the diameter of the earth is 7.92G English miles. OMAHA MINISTERS IN REPORT TO ALDERMEN j TELL OF_CITY EVILS, Committee Finds 30 Places In Which Illegal Conditions ! Are Observed. Omaha, Neb., March 26.—The submits* , sion of a “vice report” by a committee i representing the Omaha Ministerial un | ion, to the city commissioners, brought < forth a spirited discussion on the sub- j ject of morals in this city. The report handed to the. city clerk ] by Rev. A. C. Douglass, president o< ! the Ministerial union, contained the i names and addresses of about 30 places where it was alleged investigators : found violations of laws on recent date. The tenor of the report had been softened materially after several meet- ' ings of the special vice committee and by the Ministerial union itself. The ministers said they came to the com missioners in a spirit of helpfulness. The commissioners declared they stood for enforcement of the laws and they individually explained their view points and conditions which must be faced in a large city. Commissioner A. C. Kugel. superin tendent of the police department, said that it takes public influence and publii sentiment to properly administer tha laws. Commissioner J. J. Ryder ven tured tlie statement that conditions might be even worse than represented by the report of the ministers. Tha mayor said he was not cognizant of tha conditions outlined in the report. —■4-— "WARM WORDS” COMMON IN NEBRASKA ASSEMBLY Lincoln, Neb., March 20.—It is a very dull day in the Nebraska legislature when a sensation of some kind does not develop. This time it was in the senate, and Senator Grace, or Harlan county, was the heavy villain in the drama. First he had a tilt with Senator How ell, of Douglas, over a motion sent up by himself to not concur in the action of the house on the Omaha annexation bill, but to send it to a conference com mittee. Howell charged Grace with be ing influenced by tile state chairman of the democratic committee. W. H. Thompson and Grace walked over in front of the Douglas county senator and shaking their fists in his face, told him that such a charge was false. Howell came back with the same tactics and it was some minutes before the two men let up in their talkfest, most of the time both talking at the same time. Tha matter finally was fixed up by making consideration of the bill a special order for Thursday morning. Later in the day Grace accosted Rep resentative Jerry Howard, of Douglas county, in the lobby and demanded that he go back to the other end of the statehou.se, where he belonged. The two men jangled for awhile and finally shook hands, though Grace gave Howard a parting shot by telling him to stay where he belonged and mind his own business. OMAHA LIGHT PLANT BILL IS APPROVED BY HOUSE . Lincoln. Neb., March 26.—After one of the hardest fights of the session the Omaha water board electric lighting bill was passed by the house yesterday afternoon by a close vote, the con stitutional majority barely being given. Many explained their votes and the final count gave the bill 52 votes for pass age against 44 against, with four miss ing. An amendment placed on the bill allowing the water board to purchase the old plant on an appraisal by three enginers by the house will mean that the bill will have to go back to the sen ate, where it had formally passed, for approval. The house finance committee got in some more of its economy work yester day afternoon and reported out for passage bills cutting down the state university maintenance fund $145,000. Normal schools suffer a cut of $1S6. 000. The house promptly acquiesced in the slaughter. —a— FINDS RELIGIOUS TURMOIL IN UNIVERSITY OF UTAH Lincoln, Neb.. March 26.—Prof. J. A. Alexis of the University of Nebraska has received a very flattering offer of a professorship in the University of Utah and was about to accept it when he read In the newspapers that most of the faculty there had resigned be cause of trouble over religious mat ters. Now he is trying to find out if it is safe or advisable to make the transfer. Four members of the faculty of the University of Utah were re moved some weeks ago because they were charged with being out of sym pathy with the dominant element in Utah politics, the Mormon church, and a number of other professors resigned because of this summary action of the governing board. Inquiries have come to Nebraska to find out the religious affiliations of Professor Alexis. Ho is a member of the Swedish Luthern church, in which his father is an or dained minister. —±— FURNAS COUNTY WILL BE HAULED INTO COURT Lincoln, Neb.. March 26.—The coun ty of Furnas is In bad with the state of Nebraska, and Attorney General Reed is going to haul it Into court and com pel an explanation. The state is angry because the county has sold some state land for taxes due the county. Under the constitution and the laws the state does not have to pay taxes on Its land to anybody, and that Is why tho state Is angry. The tract In question Is an 80 acre piece of farm land that once formed part of a sec tion owned by the state school fund. All the remainder of the section was deeded to the Omaha & Southwestern railroad many years ago as a bonus for building its line. The county challen ges the title of the state to this 80, and has sold It. LINCOLN—Mrs. Julia W. O’Shea was found lying dead on her dining room floor by her sister, who came to visit her. Mrs. P’Shea was well to do and had a number Df children who had besought her to make her home with them, hut she declined to Ho so because she preferred to remain where the happiest years of her life had been spent. She had not been well In re tent weeks, and relatives were In the habit it making it a point to call on her dur ing each day. She had been dead about '.wo hours when her sister arrived. LINCOLN—Fifty ministers of the Chris llan church, gathered from all parts of the state, are In attendance at the annual Institute which opened at Cotner univer sity Tuesday. One of the addresses given was by Rev. J. W. llilton, of Lincoln, on the proper way to conduct a funeral ser vice. Other addresses were upon evangel istic methods, personal work among the laity and studies of various books of the new testament. The Institute will be in session the remainder of the week. MOUNT VERNON—At a mass meeting held here an athletic association was or ganized, with the following officers: Presi dent. Professor Smith: secretary, Vern Rich; floor manager, Tom Darmer. Spe cial quarters will be secured. DECISIVE ACTION ON PART OF ITALY IS EXPECTED SOON Rome Dispatch Says Nation Is Ready, But the English Press Thinks She May Play Wait ing Game Longer. RUSSIA MENACES HUNGARY Desperate Effort Will Be Nec essary to Repel Invasion By Slav Army — Inaction on Other Fronts. 4 ITALY’S WAR STRENGTH. 4 4 4 4 Italy’s fighting force on land 4 4 and sea: 4 ARMY. 4 4 Peace strength, 300,000; re- 4 4 serves, 2,994,200. 4 Total war strength, 3,3S0,200. 4 4 Available for duty unorgan- ♦ 4 ized. 248,60S. 4 4 NAVY. 4 4 Modern battleships, 7; other ♦ 4 battleships, 8. 4 First class cruisers, 9: second 4 4 class cruisers, 5, third class 4 4 cruisers. 10. 4 4 Gunboats. 5; destroyers, 40: 4 4 torpedo boats, 75; submarines. 4 4 20. f 4 Total ships, 1S5. 4 4 Total officers and men, 36,095. 4 timuHiHttmt Rome, (via Paris). Ivlarcn — Every measure possible has been taken by the Italian government preparatory to the beginning of hostilities bv Italy on the side of the allies. — London, March 29.—Decisive action by Italy is regarded in Romo as im minent. A brief dispatch from that city today states that the Italian gov ernment has taken every possible meas ure preparatory to beginning war on the side of the allies. It is also said in Rome that there is observable a tendency on the part of Bulgaria to adopt a policy favorable to the allies, and that tho government hopes to act in conjunction with Italy and Rumania. The attitude of Bul garia has been in doubt on account of the hostility toward the other Balkan nations, which grew out of the second Balkan war. Russia Pushing On. Russia today for the third time holds the gate to Hungary, and British ob servers are virtually united in the ex pectation that the Teutonic allies will make a supreme effort to prevent the forces of Emperor Nicholas from again pouring onto the Hungarian plains. Meager reports from Vienna in cate that there is some depression In Austria on account of the fall of Przemysl. but on the other hand tho papacy denies that this has reunited ih overtures from Emperor Francis Joseph in any endeavor to obtain tho intervention of the pope on behalf of a separate peace. So far. Italy and the Balkan states are still “sitting on the fence,” which position they will maintain, in tho opinion of a notable section of the British press, until such time as the fighting in the Dardanelles has pro duced definite results. Advance By Belgians. The only advance of the allies along the western front consists of the cap ture bv Belgian forces of a farm to the north of St. George. In England the labor unrest again lias manifested itself. In this connec tion, the belief is growing that the gov ernment soon will take measures to re strict drinking. In Holland, there is a growing sense of injure over tho unfortunate situa tion of butch shipping, which a lead ing Netherlands paper describes as suffering from a “competition of Mle gality in marine warfare.” RUSSIANS ARE GAINING IN BLOODIEST STRUGGLE Geneva, (via Paris), March Dis patches received by Swiss ne apnpcrs continue to emphasize the success of the Russians in the battle which is still in progress in the Carpathians. Tho struggle in TJjok and lai*dw passes on March 23 is said to have been particularly desperate, with heavy losses for the Austrians. Sanguinary encounters also arc re ported on the banks of the Biala (in Galicia, 43 miles west-southwost »f Cracow), where Austrian attacks are said to have been repulsed with losses placed at 8,000 killed, wounded and missing. The Russians are credited with suc cess all along the line of the Prntli in Galicia and Bukowina, where they dislodged the Austrians from their strongest positions. FORTS OF DARDANELLES ARE SILENCED BY SHELL FIRE Paris, March 27.—It now has been established that the forts at Dardn nus have been destroyed and those at Kilid Bahr have been damaged by the operations of the allied fleet in the Dardanelles, says a Havas dispatch from Athens dated Friday. Ships en gaged in mine sweeping were tired on by the Turkish Held artillery situated at Renkeul. but the batteries are said to have been silenced by the lire "rom the battleships. According to a dispatch from Myti lene, three British and two Frefcch ships have anchored in the Gulf of Smyrna with transports. ALBANIAN REBELS BENT ON ENDING TURK POWER Rome, March 27.—Sixty thousand Albanian rebels are said to be engaged in the assault upon Durazzo, designed to force the retirement of Essacf Pasha, the Turkish provisional president The bombardment of the port continues and several persons are said to have been wounded. The residence of Fssad Pasha has been badly damaged by shell fire. BULGARIA IS SHAPING PRO-ALLY POLICY, CLAIM Rome, March 27.—Close observers here of the Balkan situation profess to see indications of a gradual tendency on tlie part of tie Bulgarian govern ment to adopt a pi- y favorable to tie allies. It is believed Bulgaria hopes b act jointly in that direction with Italy and Rumania.