i f ■ . SOLDIER WHO STARVED TO DEATH, DYING, PENS VIVID PICTURE OF WAR GERMAN MILITARISTS OVERRIDE GOVERNMENT t Even Foreign Minister Without i Authority When Army Offi cers Are Present. Berlin, Oct. 29., by mail.—To say that civil authority in Germany has every where given way to military govern ment would be to overstate the case, and yet it is true that within its own field of affairs the military is not only absolute, but also at times inclined ut terly to disregard even the highest state officials. This prevails to such | an extent that passes, for instance, ■ from the minister of foreign affairs aro only valid when some army officer i3 disposed to recognize them. The foreign correspondents left in Berlin have recently had occasion to witness the working of military gov ernment. The foreign office sent to them, unsolicited, an invitation to visit the war prisoners’ detention barracks at Doberltz, some 15 miles outside the capital. The newspaper men assembled at the time and place directed. With them were Captain Lochleln, of the im perial admiralty, and several high of ficials of the foreign office. The com mandant of the military camp, an el derly general, approached the group and addressed them brusquely. “Nobody will be admitted to see the prisoners,” ho said, “and as long as I am commandant here, the same rule will prevail.” He turned his back on the state offi cials and newspaper men and strode back to his room without a word or explanation. The fact that the visitors* were present by invitation of the gov ernment made no difference to him. The civil officials of Germany realize that the fact that the neutral nations are getting so little news from the German side is in some degree tho fault of this lack of co-operation be tween the civil and the military offi cials. If the former could have their way, the foreign press service from Germany would be much more nearly complete, but they are blocked by this attitude of the army officials. SHELLS PLAY HAVOC IN MODERN WARFARE English Inventor of Shrapnel Never Reimbursed For Deadly Discovery. London, (by mail), Nov. 2:—Sharp nel, which has done far more damage to the allies than the German rifle fire, ' is a British invention over a century ! old. Its inventor was General Shrap nel, an English officer who was born in 1761 and given a comission in the royal artillery in 1779. The thought came to him during the war In Flan ders. where he was impressed by the trifling effect of round shot against troops and the limited range of grape. His shell, filled with balls and powder and ignited by a time fuse, was adopted ' by the British army in 1802 and played , an important part in the peninsular i war under Wellington and also at Waterloo. The secret of its action was unknown outside of Britain until 1834. With the customary ingratitude of governments, General Shrapnel was never reimbursed for the expense of his experiments. All he received was 1,200 pounds a year ($6,000) and the offer of a baronetcy he could not af ford to accept. He died in 1842 a bitter old man. Dr. Louis Seaman, the American ex pert who has visited the hospitals of the allies at the front, says that the | German shells break into largo pieces I and do little damage compared with , those used by the Japanese against i Russia, which were torn into showers of I steel splinters. But the shrapnel bul | lets make ragged wounds and also carry i Infecting material with them, eatising a large percentage of deaths from blood ! poisoning. CALIFORNIA VOTERS TO DECIDE LIQUOR ISSUE San Francisco. Nov. 2.—California will decide at the polls in the general state election of November 3 whether it is to go into the dry column or re main wet. The fight over the prohibi tion amendment is overshadowing all others on the ballot and both factions already are claiming victory. Millions of dollars are invested in California vineyards and wineries and the wet element holds that to dry up the state would throw thousands of persons out of employment and moan a loss to the state of millions of dol lars annually. It is estimated that $321,000,000 is invested in wineries and vineyards. POPE HOPES TO SEE PEACE BY CHRISTMAS Rome, Nov. 2.—According to reports circulating In the Vatican, the pope is redoubling his efforts to find some solution to allow peace to be concluded by Christians. Consequently the pon tiff is endeavoring in all possible di rections through the many channels which the Catholic church possesses to bring together all forces to accomplish this great work. It is understood that Indirect rela tions exist between the pope and Pres ident Wilson, the two leading person ages in the world who can hasten peace. SPAIN WILL REBUILD HER SHATTERED NAVY Paris. Nov. 2.—The Spanish minister of marine. Admiral A. Miry.nda, on the opening of tlie chamber of deputies at Madrid yesterday introduced a bill regarding the rehabijitation of the Spanish fleet, according to a dispatch from the Madrid correspondent of the Havas agency. The I ill provides for the construc tion of four fast cruisers at a cost of 1)0,000.000 pesetas tabout $12,000,000). six torpedo boats, at a cost of 1.000,000 pesetas: 2s submarines and three gun boats _ _ ITALIA' S TAKE ISLE r1 G'JLF OF A VLON A i Paris, Nov 2.—A dispatch from j Rome to the Havas agency reports j that th<- i: i. ad » . seno, in the CJuIf j of Avion, an : in; » ‘Vio Albanian port j of Avion h ■ occupied by the , italic. .ill.. the dispatch add;, h. *ai erv and a com nanv ot LIES HOUR UNDER PILE OF DEAD MEN ^ Story of Wounded Soldier Recalls Grim Story By Balzac. Northern France. Nov. A wound ed British soldier tells a story of an experience which recalls the grim ex perience of Balzac's Colonel Chabert and which also illustrates the severity of the fighting. Tliis soldier said he remembered the start of a tierce fight in the trenches. Then his mind became a blank for many hours. When he recovered his senses it was morning nnd he had an awful feeling of suffocation.- When ha tried to move he realized that he was in a trench buried beneath a pile of Herman and British dead. The enemy had retired" temporarily and eventually the soldier was able to crawl to the next line of trenches, which were occupied by his comrades. Aquas Galientes Conference Lets Out Both Leaders— Suggestion Once Made By First Chief Adopted. El Paso, Tex., Nov. 2.—Leaders of the rival Carranza and Villa factions of the constitutionalist party in Mex ico today looked for an early settle ment of the differences between the twro chieftains, following the action of the Aguas Callentes conference late yesterday, in adopting a decree depos ing both Carranza and Villa from of ficial positions. The plan, which would retire the two opposing leaders, was drafted and adopted unanimously by a joint com mittee on civil and military matters, the members of which are the leaders of both factions. It arranged that the provisional president, to be named la ter. should take oath of office before the assembled convention. The document thanked General Car ranza and General Villa for their revo lutionary activity. The proposition for the retirement of both leaders was made to the conven tion by Carranza himself, who insisted that unless Villa also retired he would be compelled to refuse to step down from office. Later in the night the protocol came up before the assembled body was passed a vote of 17 to 112. The plan of Aguas Calientes differs widely from many other revolutionary plans adopted at various times during Mexico’s present revolutionay move ment in the fact that it is more defin ite in the matter of arranging a pro visional government and carrying out civil reforms. It places full power in the provisional president and the present body of chief tains which will act in the capacity of a congress. The plan does not call foi elections until after the arrangement of civil reforms by this body. No time is set for the general elections. The plan in this regard says: "Said president will take oath before the assembled convention and arrange the program of government, which will emanate from this arrangement, along the best lines to realize in a pre-con stitutional period the social and politi cal reforms needed by the country.” This plan borders on the suggested commission form of government, since the provisional president would be act ing as chairman of the convention. General Carranza was demoted to the position of general of division, which he held prior to the drafting of the Guadaloupe plan, which made him commander in chief of the constitution alist army during its fight against the Huerta power. All commanders. Gen eral Villa included, were placed under the orders of the secretary of war, who would be named under the new ar rangement, although a previous clause clearly stated that both "Carranza and Villa would ceaso their present func tions." HAVE PROOF ALLIES HAD PLANNED WAR Cologne Gazette Quoted By Of ficial Bureau on Finding of Secret Document. Berlin, Oct. 31.—The official press bureau today Issued the following: "The Cologne Gazette declares that In the archives of the Belgian ministry of war there has been found secret doc ! umonts setting forth the common plans ' of the triple entent powers and Bel I gium for u campaign against Germany. | “The Italian newspaper Stampa re ports that German troops In cast Africa have inflicted complete defeat on the troops from the Belgian Congo at a point near Kissenji. “A special correspondent of the Frankfurt Gazet>.« in east Prussia re ports that there is now a total of 40, ; 000 civilians of east Prussia who are missing as a result of the Russian atrocities in this district. “In consequence of the illtreatment of ! German civilians in England the gen | oral command of the German army corps stationed at Altona, has de clared that if Great Britain does not liberate these Germans all Englishmen in Germany fit for military service 'all) be arrested. DREADED WARSHIPS REPORTED CAPTURED — Two German Cruisers Said to Have Surrendered Because of Lack of Fuel. I --~— Eondon, Nov. 2.—A dispatch to the Post from Sydney. N. S. W., says It Is reported that the Carman cruisers, Seharnhorst and the Gnelgenau, have been captured as a r-sult of the fail ure of their coal supply. There Is no official Kiiflrmation of the report to be had here. BELLIGERENTS MAY BORROW MONEY HERE Funds Thus Secured, However, Will Be Used to Purchase American Goods. . . i Washington. Nov. 2.—Viewing credit j loans to belligerent countries as pri- ; vate transactions, the Washington ad ministration will not attempt to in- , torpose its Influence against transac tions on tho part of the American ba nkers. This was learned on the highest au thority after it became known that German financiers were contemplating the establishment of a credit loan In tills country, similar to the $10,000,000 credit fund negotiated by the National City bank of New York and other banks for tho French government. The decision of tho Washington ad ministration may lead to the purchase in the United Htatos of about $50, 000,000 worth of supplies by Russia and an equal, if not greater, amount by Germany. Details of the expected transactions are lacking here. High officials of the Washington ad ministration insist that President Wil son has not changed liis view, an nounced at the outbreak of the war, that the loaning of money to belliger ents would be "Inconsistent with the true spirit of American neutrality.” A distinction was drawn by officials, however, between the loans referred to at that time—such as bond issues offered for public sale—and credit transactions Intended as a checking account against tho purchase by bel ligerents of foodstuffs and supplies from American firms. RAILROADS PREPARE MEAT RATE INCREASE Live Stock and Packing House Products May Bear New Burden. Washington, D. C„ Nov. 2.—In creases in freight rates, ranging from 10 to 40 per cent on dressed meats, live stock and packing house products, are being prepared by the eastern railroads for submission to the Inter state Commerce commission. The pros pect today was that tho proposed new rates would be suspended when filed, pending an investigation. Tho present rate on dressed beef between Chicago and New York is 45 cents per 100 pounds on a minimum carload weight of 20,000 pounds. It is proposed by the roads to advance the rate to 50 cents per 100 and increase the minimum carload weight to 21,000 pounds. These two factors would in crease the transportation charge per car from $90 to $105, or about 16 per cent. Similar Increases are proposed on live ‘stock and general packing house products. Live cattle would bd advanced from 30 to 33 cents per 100 pounds between Chicago and New York; hogs and sheep in double deck cars from 28 to 33 cents; hogs and calves in single deck cars from 30 trt 38 cents; sheep and goats in single deck cars from 30 to 41 cents, and packing house products generally from 30 to 33 cents. The new tariffs are expected to be filed by or before the end of November. In that event they would become ef fective, unless suspended by the com mission, by the first of January. DREADED WARSHIPS REPORTED CAPTURED Two German Cruisers Said to Have Surrendered Because of Lack of Fuel. Uondon, Nov. 2.—A dispatch to the Post from Sydney, N. S. W„ says it is reported that the German cruisers, Scharnhorst, and the Gnetsenau, have been captured as a result of the fail ure of their coal supply. There is no official confirmation of the report to be had here. CLAIM WESTERN FARMERS ARE HOLDING PRODUCTS New York, Nov. 2.—One reason why eggs were high in New York last month 1b that farmers In the west held hack their shipments in the expecta tion that tile war in Kurope would enable them to get $1 a dozen. An other reason was the stringent rule# of the board of health. Willard H, Brown, who sells more than $1,000,00# worth of butter ami eggs a year, so testified in the investigation conducted by State's Attorney Parsons to de termine whether a butter and egg mo nopoly exists in Now York. Despite the threat of Deputy At torney General Kennedy yesterday to subpoena every employe of the firm of Swift & Co., if books of the firm were not forthcoming today, A. W, .Johnson, chief accountant of Swift (by mail).—Here is the etory of a German private, who was found dead' in a trench—not dead from ■wounds, but from starvation—and this story, in the form of a daily journal kept apparently up to the last day. was found on him. It begins with the ad ~ Vance of the crown prince’s army up on the Marne after the battle of Char ier, it and the fa!! of Longwy. It covers' the battle of the Marne and the great part of the campaign in the Aisne. ‘‘Yesterday was a day of rejoicing. Our first army has pushed back the French, defeated a division of English cavalry and is before the gates of Paris. In Russia our troops have taken 150.000 prisoners. The Joy would have been greater if we had had something to eat. Our division leaves for Marson St. Amand and Bossliet, where we are to bivouac before crossing the Marne tomorrow. We hopo to get rations there. "We finally stopped long enough to i take a bite. It did not take long be- i NERVY PHOTOGRAPHER” WOUNDED IN BATTLE ■ II. Ml . M- I I . Donald Thompson Shot While Taking Chances at Front In Belgium. a I.ondon, Oct. 31.—Donald Thompson, r the Kansas photographer who earned a place for himself in the history of American journalism by purchasing egress to the war zone of Prance from a Russian noblewoman with a hand ful of cigar coupons representing money, has again leaped lightly into the rays of the calcium. This time Mr. Thompson has achieved the not so dif ficulty feat of getting shot. Arriving here today from Holland, the intorepid camera man was taken at once to a hotel to get much needed Bleep. Though his wound is not se rious, Thompson was completely ex hausted, having been unable to sit down with comfort since his misfor tune. , Thompson’s exffloits, beginning al most with the outbreak of war, have been heralded all over the world. His audacity, unquenchable curiosity and sense of humor have pulled him through numerous scrapes with the military that seem well nigh impos sible. At the time he was shot Thomp son was the only camera man with the German army at the front. He had received instructions to leave, but had postponed the time of departure. The German battalion from which he wras obtaining food went into action at Dixmude. Thompson was standing near the entrance to the camp kitchen, when a shell exploded a few feet away. A fragment struck him as he ducked, carrying away his coat and plowing a short but painful furrow. JAPANESE SQUADRON . BOMBARDS TSINGTAU \ - Tokio Reports Progress In As sault on German Position In China. - 1 Tokio, Oct. 31.—The navy department announces that the Japanese squadron, assisted by English warships and masked by a mist, approached and vig orously and effectively bombarded the forts at Tsing Tau on October 29. Some of the defense works were destroyed, and on the next day the bombardment was repeated. Only the northeast fort replied to the bombardment. The funnel of a gunboat was shat tered by the Japanese shells. London, Oct. 31.—The official press bureau announced that an Indian con tingent has joined the British and Jap anese forces operating against the Germans before Tsing Tau, China. Ne,w York, Oct. 31. — The East & •West News bureau made public to day the following dispatch received from Tokio: ■'The official announcement of the navy department, made today, Octo _^ her .”t, to the effect that the Japanese blockading fleet that has daily since October 25, been bombarding the Tsing Tau forts, has, with the addition of British warships, redoubled its efforts on October 29 and 30 in fierce can nonading on the various forts of the enemy '"The Japanese army at dawn Oc tober 31 commenced a general attack on Tsing Tau and is now engaged in a vigorous artillery battle. The martial spirit of the attacking army runs high.” _ KRUPP GUN STORIES ARE FABLES OFFICIALS SAY Berlin, Oct. 31, (by wireless).—Offi cial -information given out by the gen eral staff today says: ••Herman military authorities deny as fables almost all the statements re garding the German 16-incli howitzers which are be ing circulated in Germany and abroad. The test of these guns be gan six years ago and German artil lerymen have been trained in the use of them for several years past. The se cret of these guns was preserved with remarkable success.” reopen metal exchange. New York. Get. 31.—The board of managers of the New York metal ex change voted to reopen tile exchange for trading in tin on November 9, the date of the reopening of the London | iuetul exchange. I cause what they gave us was just enough to put a sharper edge on our appetites. Then we went toward the Marne, pushing back detachments of the French. They let us come to the very edge of the stream, our advance guard was even partly across the bridge when their artillery opend fire; it seemed to us that It opened the gates of hell at the same time. We could not advance and we had no or ders to retire. "Wo could only stand and watch the carnage around the bridge, where our losses were terrible. We succeeded in saving the flag and our commander and then were ordered to retire. It, was not exactly a defeat, the officers say—only a retirement. The battle resumed a little later and lasted all night. We went forward again, but; were obliged to dig ourselves in to escape the terrible artillery fire. Our own guns seemed to be weak. "This morning (September 7) the French flying machines are circling above us incessantly, obliging us to keep to our trenches. Our artillery seems unable to dislodge the French guns and we fear an Infantry attack from the left. It is an artillery duel and our troops, occupying the canal bridge, have suffered terribly. Out of 60 men, 25 only remained when the combat was suspended without de cisive results. We got out of the trenches toward 9 o’clock and wore lucky enough to dig up some raw po tatoes. which comforted us a little. "A great battle was announced for today (September 9). We have been in the trenches four days now and the rest after long marches would lie agreeable if there were no dead bodies of men and horses and if the flies did not pester us. BELGIAN PLIGHT IS AWFUL SAYS IOWAN Newspaper Man In Letter De scribes Refugees Fleeing Before Germans. Washington, D. C., Nov. 2.—Chas. S. Smith, Iowa newspaper man, former ly of Des Moines and Albia, now in Eu rope for the Associated Press, has written to friends here concerning the war situation. Mr. Smith was in Os tend and departed from there for Lon don just before the Germans captured it. He takes an impartial view of the war hut described the homeless Bel gians’ plight as unspeakable. "American children certainly do well to help Belgian children,” he says. "There plight is awful.’’ Mr. Smith saw 40,000 helpless Bel gian refugees crowding the Ostend dock, with a German taube flying overhead, while the cannonading was going on within easy hearing distance. SUFFRAGISTS DEBATE QUESTION OF ETHICS Figlit on Congressional Black list Idea Becomes Warm Wrangle. Chicago. 111., Nov. 2.—Tho adoption of a resolution endorsing the work of tho congressional committee of the American Woman Suffrage association, of which Mrs. Medill McCormick is chairman, has brought a form of peace to the suffrage convention here. Whether it will amount to more than an armed truce remains to be seen. The issuance of a blacklist of con gressional candidates, opposed to wom an suffrage, by the committee, was a step that developed healthy opposition to the work of Mrs. McCormick and her associates. Mrs. Grace Wilbur Trout, state president, asserted, in a speech, that the committee was actu ated by wrong motives. Mrs. An toinette Funk and Mrs. McCormick made reply. Tile debate became very warm and for a time it appeared that the organization might be disrupted by the dispute. THREE BRITAINS ON MYSTERIOUS MISSION David Lolyd George and Other Officials Visit Continent on Secret Errand. Bondon, Oct. 31.—The British gov ernment has sent three of its highest officials to the continent on a most mysterious and important mission. The delegation consists of David Bloyd George, the chancellor of the exche quer; Bord Haldane, the lord chancel lor, an ' Bord Reading, the chief jus tice. The destination and object of this mission is being kept a profound sec ret. Its importance is evident from its membership, and apparently the busi ness to be transacted concerns both financial and legal matters. Bord Hai rline and the chief justice rank about the foremost authorities upon the law in the United Kingdom. The most plausible report has it that the three have gone to Holland and possibly will extend their journey to the Scandinavian countries to deal with the matter of the shipment of goods from neutral countries into Germany. If the statements of the English news papers are correct, Holland and ihe three Scandinavian nations are con ducting a flurishing trade with Ger many through trans-shipment of sup plies from the United States and even from England. The newspapers of all those coun tries assert that their importations are for their own needs alone, while Eng lish papers insist that they are receiv ing consignnn .its of petroleum, grain and foodstuffs generally which far ex ceed their normal requirements. ITALIANS TAKE ISLE IN GULF OF AVLONA Paris, Oct. 31.—A dispatch from Rome to the Havas agency reports that the island of Saseno, in the Gulf of Avlona aud near the Alt union port of Avlona, has been occupied by the Italians. Admiral Patris !i bspatoh adds, has landed a bill rj .... i .1 com "iny of marines.