AbsaSwie/y Pure
• Economizes Butter, Flour,
Eggs; makes the food more
appetizing and wholesome
j / i
The only Baking Powder made
from Royai Grape Cream of Tartar
i' ....... ' ■
tance of 80.00 chains to the corner
common to sections 1-2-11 and 12 of
said township and range and there
terminate.
Also that we allow damages for land
occupied by said road as follows:
John Alfs claim filed . $30
E H Hennings claim filed . 50
John Alfs Jr claim filed. 100
F O Ilammerberg
II W Tomlinson
Motion carried.
On motion the board took up the
matter of auditing claim against
Holt county. On motion board ad
journed until March 17, 1913
S F McNichols, co clerk
M P Sullivan, chairman
O’Neill, Neb March 17, 1913,9 o’clock
a m — Board met persuant to adjourn
ment all members present except
Sievers and Stuart. On motion board
continued auditing claims against
Holt county. Five o’clock p m. on
motion board adjourned until 9 o’clock
tomorrow morning.
S F McNichols, co clerk
M P Sullivan, chairman
O’Neill, Neb March 18,1913,9 o’clock
a m —Board met all members present
Mr. Chairman: I move that the
following named persons be and here
by are appointed to fill vacancy for
precinct assessors.
Iowa, Ed Sterner; Lake, E Work
man; Paddock, Harry Fox; Willow
dale, A R Wertz; O'Neill, P O Don
ohoe. H W Tomlinson
F O Hammerberg
Motion carried.
On motion board adjourned until 1
o’clock p m.
S F McNichols, co clerk
Th D Sievers, chairman
O’Neill, Neb March 18, 1913, 1pm.
—Board met all members present. On
motion the following salary claims
were allowed.
R N Brittell..... 83 34
Lillie Oarlon. 54 17
Anna Donohoe. 55
H D Grady. 145 83
Rose Grady. 54 17
Edna Howe. 45
Minnie B Miller. 6 63
Minnie B Miller. 11666
Josephine Nesbitt. 70
MP Sullivan. 40-35
ET Wilson. 20 20
RN Brittell. 83 34
T J Covne . 100
Anna Donohoe. 55
H D Grady. 145 83
Edna Howe. 33
Minnie B Miller. 33 93
Minnie B Miller.116 66
Lottie McNichols. 54 17
Th D Sievers. 27 48
N H W Tomlinson.-.. 59 20
ET Wilson.12 50
On motion board adjourned until.7
o’clock this evening.
S F McNichols, co clerk
Th D Sievers, chairman
O’Neill,Neb March, 18,1913,7 o’clock
p m —Board met persuant tcodjourn
ment all members present. On
motion board took up the matter ol
saloon license at Emmet. To the
Hon Board of Supervisors of Holt co,
Neb. Gomes now the Applicant Wm.
Uuddy and moves the board to take
the following special finds: Does the
board find from the evidence that the
Applicant Wm. Cuddy, is a man of
respectible character and standing?
Does the board find from the evi
dence that the majority of the resi
dent free holders of Emmet township
have signed the applicants petition.
Does the board find from the evi
dence that the applicant has within
the last year unlawfully and willfully
violated the provision of the liquor
laws of the state of Nebraska.
Does the board find from the evi
dence that the applicant has tendered
a good and sufficient bond.
E H Whelan, attorney for applicant
Mr. chairman: I move to sustain
motion of Edward Whelan attorney
for applicant in paragraph No 1. ask
ing for special findings and we further
find that the applicant William Cuddy
is a man of good charater, and stand
ing. M P Sullivan
J O Hubbell ✓
Inman Items.
Rupert Arkfeld had business in O’
Neill Saturday.
Lyle Butler and Earl Watson came
up from Lincoln last Saturday.
Helen Gallagher had business in
O’Neill last Thursday, returning Sun
day.
Archie Bowen of O’Neill visited
with Laurence Malone Sunday and
Monday.
E. W. Wilcox and daughter, Sylvia,
and son, Courtney, autoed to Page
Thursday.
Mrs. Geo. Souvlgnier and Mrs. Wil
liam Colman were O’Neill visitors
last Saturday.
Laurence Malone went up to O’Neill
last Friday to visit relatives and
friends, returning Sunday.
Mrs. William Goree and Miss Olga
Schwinck went to O’Neill Friday to
attend the Rebecca lodge at that
place.
Mrs. Daniel McGrane and children
of Norfolk visited at the home of her
parents, Mr. and Mrs. C. F. Smith,
last Sunday.
Rev. George of the M. E. church
was here from Neligh Sunday and
preached us a fine sermon Sunday
evening which was appreciated by all
present.
The high school pupils and Princip
al A. E. Hughes went to O’Donnel’s
lake last Tuesday for an all day picnic.
The day was spent in fishing and play
ing games, at noon a picnic dinner
was served, all that were present re
ported a fine time.
* — ■ y
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| THE LOCAL W. C. T. U. |
BY MBS. C. E. BURCH
Saloons and High School*
Our state superintendent of publlf Instruc
tion In his last report gives out the following
statistics cotriparing the enrollment and
average attendance of high schools In “wet”
towns with that In “dry" towns. From these
figures It looks as If the saloon had a bad
effect on the edueatlon of the boys and girls.
Here are the figures as oomptled by tbe
superintendent:
Average
Enrollment Attend.
Ill high In high
Town Population school sohool
Tekaman, dry .1524 128 98
West Point, wet.... 1776 93 83
Pawnee City, dry.. .1611) 183 189
Falls City, wet.3255 142 112
Tecumseb, dry .1748 190 156
Auburn, wet.27*9 169 138
Fullerton, dry.1638 178 162
Columbus, wet . ..5014 161 145
David City, dry.2117 139 112
Seward, wet.2106 62 74
lied Cloud) dry.1986 169 138
Hebron, wet.1778 119 100
Ponca, dry.1000 70 56
llartlngton, wet.... 1413 44 36
Heaver City,dry... . 975 134 121
Alma, wet.1066 70 53
Aurora, dry.2630 197 181
Alliance, wet.6105 112 122
Broken Bow, dry...2260 185 150
Chadron, wet.2687 89 T2
_____ ____ • _____
Total, dry towns 17248 1568 1350
Total, wet towus 24928 1111 934
Wet towns, average per
1000 population. 45 35
Dry towns' average per
moo population. 91 72.6
Study It awhile. Look at West Point (wot)
with a larger population than Tekamah (dry)
yet It has but 93 in high school to Tekamah
128. Falls City (wet) has twlee the popula
tion of Pawnee City (dry) yet the number in
high school Is 41 less. Columbus (wet) with
over three times the population of Fullerton
(dry) has 181 to Fullerton’s 176, and soon
through the list.
When the wet towns, with their boasted
license money, show only half as large a
percentage of high sohool attendance, the
query why becomes pertinent. Some possible
causes are here suggested:
Children of drinking fathers frequently
have to leave sohool to become bread win
ners.
In saloon towns tbe Influence on boys to be
come worthless Idlers Is greater: tbe tempta
tion stronger to smoke, gamble and loaf
their time away when they should be fitting
themselves tor lives of usefulness by getting
an education.
The mental, physical and moral powers of
children of drinkers Is generally below
normal.
The ideals of saloon towns are low and less
attention Is paid to higher education.
Closing Scenes.
Lincoln, April 22.—The thirty-third
session of the Nebraska legislature
adjourned sine die a few moments be
fore mid night on Monday, April 21.
When Monday dawned both parties
bad disposed of all other issues except
ing that of University removal which
was still pending in two forms viz: the
appropriation inserted by the senate
general maintenance bill which pro
vided $115,000 for a dairy building,
heating plant and astronomical obser
vatory at the State Farm, and the
location of future building operation
at either farm or city campus for
their permanent extension.
All day Monday special committees
of the house and senate labored with
the various phases of this question
apparently without result until a late
hour in the evening. Supporters of
both issues finally compelled to admit
tbat a deadlock which could not be
broken confronted them, the spirit of
reasonable compromise entered into
the deliberations resulting as follows:
Tbe house agreed to the <115,000 ap
propriation carried in the mainten
ance bill for the new improvements at
the farm campus; both house and
senate members agreed to revive the
McKlssick bill H it. 345 and amend
it into a measure providing for a
building levy of 4 of a mill and to
leave the question of location, tWjs
where the money shall be spent for
tbe erection of buildings, to the
voters of tbe state at tbe general elec
tion in November, 1914.
This arrangement met with prac
tically unanimous approval as tbe
only way out of the deadlock; both
bodies immediately made record of
their action on report of the confer
ence committee; thp bill was enrolled
as amended and shortly before mid
night was officially signed by the
president of the senate and tbe speak
er of the bouse. Within ten minutes
thereafter the motion to adjourn sine
die was put and carried in both par
ties and the regular session was at an
end.
The McKlssick bill as redrafted by
the conference committees provides In
general as follows: Sec. 1, creates an
additional fund for tbe University to
be dnown as a special University
building fund, to consist of the pro
ceeds of a i mill tax levied in 1913 and
anually thereafter for a period of six
year which ends in 1918 Inclusive.
Sec 2, provides that none of tbe
money so raised shall be expended
until tbe electors of the state have
expressed at an election their choice
as to the future site of the University.
At the general election of 1914 the
question Is to be submitted on the
ballot In two forms, one for the city
campus and one for the farm catnpuB,
i,he majority voting at tbe election to
determine tbe future site of tne Un
iversity.
This takes the hard fought univer
sity removal question out Of the
hands of legislators and puts it direct
ly up to the people for solution.
At the closing hours of the session
the senate had maintained a quorum
present and voting wh'le the house
membership had dwindled to 25 or 30
present.
Following the adjournment sine die
the members present enjoyed a
moment of good fellowship and hand
shaking over t he solution of the vexed
question which has run through the
entire session and with hand shaking
and cordial good byes left the capitol
at mid-night for the last time.
Bel vey News Bureau.
FALL. OF m MW
Pate of the Great Race That Has Left
Only Traces Behind,
What became of the people who
built the Cuzco ruins? Were they the
ancestors of “those stolid and down
trodden Indians whom one sees today
peddling their rude wares In the mar
ket pllce of Cuzco?” Mr. Bryce dis
cusses the question In bis “South
America." He says:
“The sudden fall of a whole race Is
an event so rare In history that one
seeks for explanations. It may be
that not only the royal Inca family,
but nearly the whole ruling class, was
destroyed In war, leaving only the
peasants, who had already been serfs
under their native sovereigns. But
one Is disposed to believe that the tre
mendous catastrophe which befell
them In the destruction at once of
their dynasty, their empire and their
religion by fierce conquerors. Incom
parably superior In energy and knowl
edge, completely broke not only the
spirit of the nation, but the self re
spect of the Individuals who compos
ed It
“They were already a docile and
submissive people, and now under a
new tyranny, far harsher than that of
rulers of their own blood, they sank
Into hopeless apathy and ceased to re
member what their forefathers had
been. The Intensity of their devotion
to their sovereign and their deity
made them helpless when both were
overthrown, leaving them nothing to
turn to, nothing to strive for.
“The conquistadores were wise in
their hateful way when they put forth
the resources of cruelty to outrage the
feelings of the people and stamp ter
ror In their hearts.”
VALUE OF GRASSES.
They Are In a Measure the Moat Use
ful Plante In the World.
Probably the grasses are the most
useful plants in the world. It may be
that more than half the individual
plants in the world are grasses. It Is
a great family of more than 3,500 spe
cies, embracing species that are so tiny
that they hardly reach an inch in
height and giant bamboos of the trop
ics that sometimes grow to be 100 feet
or more.
Com is a giant grass, and wheat, rye.
oats, barley, rice and sugar cane are
all grasses. Then there are millets,
sorghum, Kaffir corn, broom corn—all
grasses.
The number of species of grasses Is
enormous, yet we have adopted Into
our system of agriculture but a few
sorts. In part that is due to the ease
or difficulty of seeding grasses. Tim
othy grass, for example, is so easily
sown and the seed so easily gathered
that it is soonest set of any and has
become the standard hay grass of
northern climes.
In some regions of Kentucky blue
grass is the almost universal pasture
grass because it comes in of Itself. Inr
other regions with different soil (poor
and lacking in lime) redtop has posses
sion. Naturally the farmer follows the
line of least resistance, yet It Is by no
means certain that he has adopted into
his agriculture all the best grasses that
nature has provided. Some day we
shall do more toward using now neg
lected grasses.—Joseph B. Wing in
“Meadows and Pastures.”
The-Glacial Epochs.
Several times In recent years It has
been observed that great explosive
volcanic eruptions (Krakatoa. Pele,
Katmal) by charging the upper atmos
phere In the Isothermal region with
fine dust have markedly diminished
the amount of solar radiation received
at the earth’s surface. It seems evi
dent, according to Professor W. J
Humphreys, that the effect of this
process must be to reduce the temper
ature of the air near the earth, since
the dust scatters a great amount of
the solar radiation. Thus a period of
excessive volcanic activity. If long con
tinued, would produce the thermal
Conditions of an ice age. The geolog
ical record is said to furnish evidence
that such a period actually began
shortly before the last Ice age and has
continued with diminishing intensity
to the present time.
Changing Tastss In Perfumes.
Perfumes were In common use In
the ancient world, bnt It Is curious to
notice how views have changed as to
the pleasantness or otherwise of vari
ous odors. The smell of aloes Is now
considered disagreeable by the majori
ty of people, but in the old days aloes,
both as solid extract and as wood,
formed a staple perfume or aromatic.
Saffron, too, was the most popular per
fume of the Romans and was much In
favor In England until about the
sixteenth century. But who would
tolerate the smell of saffron about
house or person nowadays?—London
Chronicle.
The Old Time Foundry.
An auctioneer at a late sale Of an
tiquities put up a helmet with the fol
lowing candid observation:
“This, ladies and gentlemen, is a hel
met of Romulus, the Roman founder,
but whether be was a brass or Iron
founder I cannot tell.” — St Louis
Globe-Democrat
Fault of the Auto.
Hiram—The doctor says Kara Is suf*
1 faring from autointoxication. Silas—
Guess that’s It, b’gosh! The feller act
ed jest like any one else until- be got
that automobile.—Judge.
Thoatrioal Note.
"Hlstl” whispered the villain, -creep
ing stealthily away.
“I expected you would be,” rejoined
Ihe stage managmywlth cnrlingllp.
NEBRASKA CAN DOUBLE
YEARLY CROP JCOIE
Farmers Now Cultivate Two Can Add $60,000,000 to
Acres to Obtain Yield State’s Annual Farm
of One In Germany, Wealth—Gain Would 1
Says Expert. Benefit Consumers. v'
THE most important problem
confronting Nebraska today is
to find means of Increasing
the yield of the state’s farm
lands, according to the statements of
Truman G. Palmer, a prominent agri
cultural expert, who has spent many
years in studying crop and cultural
conditions in the United States and
Europe. In a letter on Nebraska’s ag
ricultural conditions which he% is Just
addressed to Senator George YV. Nor
ris Mr. Palmer makes two startling
statements. One is that the farm
lands of the state produce less to the
acre than they did over forty years
ago. The other is that by adopting
crops and methods of crop rotation,
to which Nebraska is well adapted,
the annual monetary returns from the
farms of the state can be doubled
within a comparatively few years.
“Of Nebraska’s Important crops,"
writes Mr. Palmer in his letter to Sen
ator Norris, “there is only one in
which the average yield per acre is as
great today as it was forty-three years
ago. That one exception is wheat,
and it succeeds in being an exception
only by the narrowest of margins.
The average yield of wheat in the
Btate in 1869 was 1T.8 bushels per
acre. In 1912 it was 18 bushels. In
all the other staple crops the compari
son of these two years shows a mark
ed decrease In the acreage^yield. The
TRUMAN 0. PARMER.
falling off ranges from 60 bushels an
acre In the case of potatoes to 3.4
bushels per acre on rye.
“Corn, the banner crop of the state,
which gave a yield of 42.2 bushels to
the acre In 1869, produced only twenty
four bushels to the acre In 1912, a de
crease of 43 per cent in forty-three
years. If this rate of diminution Is
maintained It will mean that long be
fore the completion of a century of the
state’s existence It will not be worth
while to plant corn In Nebraska at all.
If the cornfields of the state had been
as fruitful In 1912 as they were In
1869 the total yield of the crop would
have been 320,000,000 bushels instead
of 183,000,000 bushels. This would
have meant an addition to the farm
wealth of the state from this one
source alone df $68,000,000 In this one
year.
“Taking ten year averages, a fairer
basis of comparison than any two
years can afford, the showing Is no
less startling and Impressive. One
hopeful feature in a comparison of this
sort Is that In the last of the four dec
ades beginning with 1869 and ending
with 1909 there was a gain over the
preceding ten years In the average
yield per acre. In no crop exeept
wheat, however, has this gain been
sufficient to bring the average for the
ten year period above that recorded In
the first ten years of the state’s devel
opment. On the other hand, the fig
ures for the four years since 1909
show that with the single exception of
wheat the better average indicated for
the ten years ending In 1909 has not
been maintained since that time.
“I submit that It Is a matter of grave
concern that the Industry on which the
prosperity of the state chiefly depends
should show a marked and continuous
falling off In the average returns which
it yleldB.
“A comparison of agricultural prog
ress during the past generation In Ger
many, a country for which exact sta
tistics are available, with tfie results
obtained during the same period In
your own state, brings out a startling
contrast.
“In 1879 German farmers were reap
ing 17 bushels of wheat from an acre.
In the decade ending with that year
the average yield In Nebraska was 13.1
bushels. In 1909, on ihe other hand,
the German crop was 30 bushels to the
acre; that of Nebraska was 16.6 bush
els. In thirty years Germany had In
creased her wheat yield 13 bushels an
acre, while Nebraska had advanced
hers only 3.5 bushels.
“The oat yield of Germany thirty
three years ago was less than that of
Nebraska by more than a bushel an
acre. In 1000 Germany was reaping
50 bushels of oats to the acre, while
the average for Nebraska In the ten
year period ending then was a little
under 27 bushels. In this crop Ger
many almost doubled her yield, while
Nebraska showed an actual falling off.
“In rye and barley a similar move
ment has taken place. The German
rye crop has increased from 15 to over
20 bushels per acre. That of Nebraska
has decreased an average of more than
a bushel. While Germany’s barley
yield hns gone up from 23 to 39
bushels, that of Nebraska has gone
down from 20 to 24 bushels.
“Nebraska is considered a good po
tato state, but in the first ten years of
the present century her average yield
of potatoes was 12 bushels an acre
less than it had been three decades
earlier. During this time the German
potato yield has been going op steadi
ly until now Germany grows over 200
bushels of potatoes to the acre, or
about two and one-half times the aver
age Nebraska yield.
“It is not possible to make a com
parison In corn because it is not a
staple crop in Germany, but the Ne
braska corn crop has slipped down
from 34.4 bushels per acre in the ten
years ending with 1879 to 27.7 bushels
for 1899-1908 and 23.9 bushels for the
four yenrs since that time.
“It may be Interesting to note what
it would mean in dollars and cents to
the farmers of Nebraska if from th«
area they till to the five crops common
to their state and to Germany they
were able to harvest the same numbei
of bushels as do the German farmers
Official statistics show that had Ne
braska farmers obtained the same
yield per acre of wheat, oats, rye. bar
ley and potatoes in 1910 as did the
Germans, instead of enough busbbli
to pay them $59,776,000, they would
bnve secured-enough to return $118,
760,000. In other words, merely by
equaling the acreage yield obtained in
Germany the farm wealth of Nebraska
from these five crops could have been
doubled. What it would mean ip th<
way of added prosperity not only tc
the farmers, but to all the Industrie!
of the state, to ,secure such results
year after year is not difficult to lm
aglue. Yet it is possible to do so.
“T n aivIap 4a /4a4 nprni na it ruiaafhlA
Ill U1UU1 IU UClUiUilUCi 11 |IUBOIUlC,
why the acreage yields of the countries
of northern Europe were steadily in
creasing, while those of the United
States were remaining stationary 01
actually falling off, 1 undertook a per
sonal Investigation of this subject 1
found that the fundamental cause foi
the agricultural progress of Germany
and other northern European countries
was the cultivation of a hoed root
crop, preferably the sugar beet In ro
tation with cereals or other staples.
“I found that the position of the sug
ar beet gs the most valuable of such
hoed crops was so firmly established
that It was nowhere questioned and
"that the governments of those coun
tries In which the greatest advances In
agricultural production have been at
tained had recognized its Importance
and had encouraged sugar beet cul
ture not only by heavy tariff duties on
Imported sugar, but also by direct ex
port bounties and by every other avail
able means. Germany has expended
hundreds of millions of dollars In ex
port bounties on beet sugar in ordei
to extend the cultivation of this cro{
solely because'of the resultant advan
tages In improving the general agri
cultural output of her farm lands.
“While sugar beets are not the onlj
crop that will produce this result, they
are universally recognized by Euro
pean agricultural economists as the
best for the purpose because they
provide a cash crop for the farmer. H«
is willing to cultivate them for the di
rect return, while the whole people
Consumers as well as producers, profit
from the Indirect benefits which they
confer by increasing the average yield
of all other crops grown in rotation
with them.
"I believe that the experience of Eu
rope In this respect can be applied to
great advantage by the farmers of
your state. The climate and soil of
Nebraska are well adapted to the
growing of sugar beets, as has been
demonstrated by the experience ol
farmers in certain sections of the state
and by the successful operation of
beet sugar factories within its borders
for several years past. It only re
mains to extend this Industry through
out the state, following the same meth
ods that are used by German farmers,
In order to replace the present low
yield of staple crops by a much great
er and continuously increasing yield.
This result will not be accomplished,
however, If the tariff on foreign grown
su£ar be removed or seriously reduc
ed, because capital will not Invest in
new enterprises under conditions ol
certain loss and failure.”
H