N ROOSEVELT HOLDS THE
RIGHTS OF MAN ABOVE
RIGHTS OF PROPERTY
Sterility Is Branded by Speaker
as Crime of Magnitude
Against Country.
Paris, April 25.—Theodore
Roosevelt, former president of
the United States, delivered his
eagerly awaited lecture on
"‘Citizenship in a Republic,” in
the Sorbonne this afternoon.
His audience was composed of
all of the members of the French
cabinet, students from the uni
versity of Paris, and many dis
tinguished persons by whom the
occasion was regarded as the
most important feature of the
distinguished American’s visit
fro France.
Mr. Roosevelt's Speech.
The speaker said in part:
“With you here, and with us in my
•own home, in the long run, success
•or failure will be conditioned upon the
way in which the average man, the
average woman, does his or her duty
first in the ordinary, every day affairs
of life, and next in those great occa
sional crises which call for the heroic
virtues. The avera-ge citizen must be
a good citizen if our republics are to
succeed. The stream will not per
manently rise higher than the main
source; and the main source of na
tional power and national greatness is
found in the average citizenship of the
nation. Therefore, it behooves us to
do our best to see that the standard
of the average citizen is kept high;
and the average cannot be kept high
unless the standard of the leaders is
very much higher.
"It is well if a large proportion of
the leaders in any republic, in any
democracy, are, as a matter of course,
drawn from the classes represented in
this audience today; but only provided
that those classes possess the gifts of
sympathy w ith plain people and of de
votion to great ideals. You and those
like you have received special advant
ages; you have all of you had the op
portunity for mental training; many
of you have had leisure; most of you
have had a chance for the enjoyment
of life far greater than comes to the
majority of your fellows. To you and
your kind much has been given, and
from you much should be expected.
"It is not the critic who counts; not
the man who points out how the
strong man stumbles, or where the
doer of deeds could have done them
better. The credit belongs to the
man who is actually in the arena,
whose face is marred by dust and
sweat and blood; who strives valiant
ly; who errs, and comes short again
and again, because there is no effort
without error and shortcoming; but
who does actually strive to do the
deeds; who knows the great enthu
siasm. the great devotions; who spends
luuiHeil in u nuruiy cause; wmi ar ure
best knows in the end the triumph of
high achievement, and who at the
worst, if he fails, at least falls while
daring greatly, so that his place shall
never be with those cold and timid
souls who know neither victory nor
defeat. Shame on the man of culti
vated taste who permits refinement to
develop in a fastidiousness that unfits
him for doing the rough work of a
work-day world.
"Among the free peoples who govern
themselves there is but a small field
of usefulness open for the men of
cloistered life who shrink from con
tact with their fellows. Still less room
Is there for those who deride or slight
what is done by those who actually
bear the brunt of the day; nor yet for
those others who always profess that
they would like to take action. If only
the conditions of life were not what
they actually are.
Intellect Not Most Important.
"I pay all homage to intellect, and
to elaborate and specialized training
of the intellect, and yet I know I shall
have the assent of all of you present
when I add that more Important still
are the commonplace, every day qual
ities and virtues.
“Such ordinary, every-day qualities
Include the will and the power to work,
to fight at need, and to have plenty of
healthy children. There are a few
people in every country so born that
they can lead lives of leisure. These
fill a useful function if they make it
evident that leisure does not mean idle
ness. But the average man must earn
his own livelihood. He should be
trained to feel that he occupies a con
temptible position if he does not do so;
that he is not an object of envy if he
is idle, at whichever end of the social
scale he stands, but an object of con
tempt, an object of derision.
Whack at Race Suicide.
“Finally, even more important than
ability to work, even more important
than ability to fight at need, Is it to
remember that the chief of blessings
if or an:' nation is that it shall leave its
(seed to inherit the land. It was the
prown of blessings in Biblical times;
jtnd it is the crown of blessings now.
' [The greatest of all curses Is the
curse of sterility, and the sever
est of all condemnations should
be that visited upon wilful sterility.
The first essential in any civilization is
that the man and the woman shall be
lather and mother of healthy children,
so that the race shall increase and not
UrllrnRC. 11 111I2) in nut no, u uu
no fault of the society there is failure
to increase, it is a great misfortune.
"If the failure is due to deliberate
and wilful fault, then !t w ' * nr rely
a misfortune, it is cm m rimes
of ease and solf-indu./ hrink
ing from pain and effort and r which
In the long run nature panic more
heavily than any other. If \v< ,f the
great republics, if we, the free people
who claim to have emancipated our
selves from the thraldom of wrong and
error, b-m.g down on our heads the
curse that comes upon the wilfully bar
ren. then it will be an idle waste of
breath to prattle of our achievements,
to boast of all that we have done. No
refinement of life, no delicacy of taste,
no material progress, no sordid heaping
WESTERN ROADS SOON
TO BOOST UP RATES
Chicago, April 2G.—The movement of
the railroads to increase freight rates
in an effort to offset the effect of ad
vancing wages is expected to crystal
lize into definite action by western
roads in a few days, according to a
•semi-official announcement today.
Tho first general move is to be an
t advance in many of the commodity
tarload sales between Chicago and the
Missouri river and the Twin cities,
up of riches, no sensuous development
of art and literature, can in any way
compensate for the loss of the great
fundamental virtues: and of these great
fundamental virtues, the greatest is the
race's power to perpetuate the race.
Savants Praise Visiter.
According to the traditional custom
of the Academy of Moral and Political
sciences, Mr. Roosevelt entered with
out formal presentation.
Emile Boutroux. who presided, after
the customary routine business. had
been concluded, addressed the acad
emy on the result of his observations,
made during his recent visit to the
United States regarding the growth of
education there. M. Boutroux took
Colonel Roosevelt’s ideal as the high
est type of man which American edu
cation sought to produce, quoting fre
quently Roosevelt's own words in the
exposition of his theme. Of the doc
trine that a man who accomplishes
nothing and indulges only in criticism
is a parasite, meriting only scorn, the
speaker evolved Roosevelt's doctrine
that a man is born for actlpn, to work
and to struggle, in other words for the
strenuous life.
He said the aim of the American
ideals as enunciated by Roosevelt, was
the development of nn American soul,
regardless of the differences of politics
or religion. While America was open
to all comers, declared M. Boutroux,
it recognized as true citizens only
those who were entirely and exclusive
ly Americans in heart and aspirations.
The American spirit, he said, consists
of love of national independence, faith
in the power of honest effort, respect
for human dignity and religious tolera
tion. He dwelt particularly upon
Roosevelt's theory regarding the duty
of the rich, which he said substituted
riehesse oblige for noblesse oblige.
What Society Owes Individual.
wununuiug, ivi. numruux saiu inui
society does not owe happiness to all
persons, but owes to all the possibility
of an honest, comfortable life. The
man without fortune should first work
for his family, and with a fortune he
should work for the public good. To
devote life to amassing gold was
ignoble. It is necessary to teach all
the doctrine of work; to men of for
tune the doctrine of work without re
muneration.
Such said M. Boutroux, were the
doctrines of the man whom America
recognizes as it3 most authoritative
representative. and whose return
would be filled with spontaneous and
universal enthusiasm.
“It is our duty," said M. Boutroux
in conclusion, “to consider whether we
cannot learn a lesson from contempor
aneous America.”
Day in the Latin Quarter.
Mr. Roosevelt spent today in the old
Latin quarter across the Seine, which
for centuries has been one of the in
tellectual centers of the world. At 1
o’clock this afternoon, in his capacity
as a foreign member of the French in
stitute, he attended the --egular ses
sion of the Academy of Moral and
Political Sciences in the conference hall
of the old Larazin palace, which is now
the home of the institute. This room
was selected instead of the smaller
room in which the 40 "immortals” meet
in order to permit the public to enter
and because it is the usual meeting
place of three of the academies, the
Academy of Fine Arts, the Academy of
Inscriptions and Literature and the
Academy of Moral and Political Sci
ences.
Although Mr. Roosevelt Is entitled to
wear the green brocaded uniform of
an academician, he appeared today in
his familiar frock coat dress. At 3
o'clock he delivered his lecture in the
grand ampitheater of the Sorbonne,
where he was most cordially received.
His remarks were followed with in
tense interest.
FRUIT BELTS ARE
HEAVY SUFFERERS
Chicago, April 25.—The eastward
moving storm, manifested yesterday in
rain and high winds, developed snow
and freezing temperatures in the west
ern lake region and in the upper Miss
issippi valley today.
In the fruit belts of northern Indi
ana, western Michigan, Illinois. Iowa,
Missouri, Minnesota, Wisconsin, fruit
was damaged to the extent of millions
of dollars, according to reports from
the sections affected. At Buffalo, Chi
cago, Milwaukee, Dubuque and other
cities in the path of the storm, the
thermometer dropped from 22 to 28 de
grees over night.
On account of the blinding snow the
steamer City of Benton Harbor from
Benton Harbor, Mich., to Chicago, was
unable to locate the harbor here early
today, her ice-incrested hulk showing
inside the river several hours later.
The steamer Puritan, leaving Chicago
at 11:30 o'clock last night, bound across
the lake, was beaten back to her dock
today by the gale. The small lumber
schooner Cora was caught 30 miles out
by the storm and experienced the
gravest danger in making her way back
to her wharf.
The official report of the local
weather bureau states that the weather
of the great lake region will probably
continue unsettled with snow squalls,
as the storm will move away very
slowly,
Galesburg, 111., April 23.—The last
vestige of fruit growers' hope disap
peared in this vicinity when a temjjera
ture of 18 degrees above zero was
reached during the night.
LaPorte, Ind., April 23.—The heavv
frost and cold weather last night and
this morning is said to have killed
practically all the fruit in northern
Indiana. One large fruit grower de
clared the loss in northern Indiana
alone will reach millions of dollars.
Milwaukee, W!s„ April 23.—A bliz
zard is raging almost throughout the
entire state of Wisconsin today. By 8
o'clock several Inches of snow had fal
len in Milwaukee. Marinette reports
a fall of two feet.
EARLY CLOSING AT VERMILLION.
Vermillion. S. I)., April 23.—Eighteen
of the business houses of Vermillion
have signed an agreement to close their
places of business at 6:30 o’clock every
evening after this, excepting Wednes
days and Saturdays. This is the first
time such a plan has been Inaugurated
in this city, but it has sufficient back
ing to make it stick. This will give
the downtown people a chance to en
joy many privileges of the university
and city, which they have up to this
time been denied.
SULTAN HAs'mEASLES.
Constantinople, April 23.—Sultan
Nehemed V., of Turkey, is suffering
from a slight attack of measles.
which the roads unsuccessfully tried
to advance in 1908. These rates apply
principally to the manufactured arti
cles, moving in large quantities which
constitute from 65 to 75 per cent
the traffic between the points nanmd
These rates originally represti a ■
special concessions to large shippers.
Railroad men now say that the dif
ference between them and th rates
applied to articles in the classifications
from which they were taken is too
marked. Already there have been
posted high tariffs effecting packing
house products, live stock, coal and
agricultural Implements.
BRADSTREET AND DUN
REPORT ON BUSINESS
Uncertainty as to Crop Outlook
and Other Things Cause
of Dullness.
44444444444444444444444444
4 THE WEEK IN GRAIN. 4
4 4
4 New York, April 26.—Wheat, 4
4 including flour, exports from the 4
4 United States and Canada for 4
4 the week ending April 21 aggre- 4
4 gate 1,289,272 bushels, against 4
4 1,836,266 last week and 1.685.778 4
4 this week last year. For the 4
4 42 weeks ending April 21 exports 4
4 are 120.172,198 bushels, against 4
4 149,637,985 in the corresponding 4
4 period last year. 4
4 Corn exports for the week are 4
4 362,041 bushels, against 941.200 4
4 last week and 1,080.408 in 1909. 4
4 For the 42 weeks ending April 21 4
4 corn exports are 24,773.717 bush- 4
4 els, against 27,629,166 last year. 4
44444444444444444444444444
New York, April 26.—Bradstreet’s
Saturday said:
Weather conditions and the unsettled
outlook for prices of many commodi
ties are the causes assigned for the
quieter tone in many lines. Retail
business and to a certain extent record
demand from jobbers was affected by
the return early in the week of wintry
weather. These influences were, how
ever, largely temporary and were large
ly offset by the decided benefit of the
crop outlook generally by the breaking
of the drought.
Doubt as to ultimate crop outturn is
still given as the main reason for buy
ing for fall and beyond falling to take
definite form, but there is also a recog
nition of the fact that uncertainty as
to the future prices of many commodi
ties is a drag on trade. In a number of
lines the evidences of arrested demand
or pressure to realize prior to new
crops are visible in easing prices.
The situation in the cotton goods
trade, where prices are still steady,
however, is and has been a bar to
active buying. Retailers are reported
inclined to buy only for absolute wants,
and present cost of production of goods
renders the manufacturing line un
profitable at present prices. In the
iron trade demand is apparently not
equal to the supply of the cruder forms,
and curtailment of production in evi
dence for some time in the cotton trade
is now talked about as being actively
pursued by furnace men. Liquidation
of supplies and lower prices for the new
clip are in evidence in the wool trade.
Collections are about fair.
Business failures in the United
States for the week ending with April
21 were 193, against 207 last week, 247
in the like week of 1909, 254 in 1908, 157
in 1907 and 177 in 1906.
Business failures in Canada for the
week number 15, which compares with
27 last week and 36 in the correspond
ing week of 1909.
R. G. Dun & Co.’s Weekly Review of
Trade today says:
While business sentiment is distinctly
optimistic wherever the process of ex
tracting eight or nine billions of new
products out of the soil is carried on,
there is confusion and uncertainty in
the financial markets. There the severe
depression on bonds, the pressing
needs of London, the continued large |
exports of gold from New York and the !
heavy merchandise exports into the
United States, the over production In
pig iron, coke and copper, leading to
talk of curtailment of operations and
some hesitation, caused by the remark
able political developments, both in
England and the United States, produce
confusion of opinion as to the imme
diate future. Yet there has been a
notable abatement of the recent unrest
of labor, with advances in wages by
important corporations. The crop pros
pects, on the whole considered to be
excellent, are improving.
ELECTRIC CHAIR FOR
YOUNG GIRLS SLAYER
Albert Wolter, Degenerate
Youth, Convicted of Murder
in First Degree.
New York, April 26.—Albert Wolter,
a degenerate youth of ID years, who
gloated over lewd pictures and was
“crazy" about women, must die In the
electric chair for the murder of Ruth
Wheeler, a pretty 15-year-old stenogra
pher. After only one hour and 50 min
utes of deliberation a jury in the court
of special sessions found him guilty
of murder in the first degree at 10:30
o’clock last night last night, bringing
to a close a trial marked by its swift
movement and its testimony of horror.
His counsel said with eloquence that
Wolter was too tender hearted to hurt
a cat, but 12 men decided that he had
strangled Ruth Wheeler and thrust
her, while yet alive, in his fireplace,
where, soaked with oil, her crumpled
body writhed and burned.
With the same wax-faced indifference
that he had shown throughout the
trial, Wolter evinced no emotion when
the verdict was announced. With al
most inhuman complacency he had
been found asleep in his cell while the
Jury was deliberating. He will be sen
tenced on Wednesday.
The Jurors themselves showed emo
tion, while the boy who must die
showed none. When asked if they had
found a verdict, William V. Kulp,’ fore
man, answered in a shaking voice, “We
have,” and announced that they had
found Wolter guilty of murder in the
first degree. All eyes immediately
shifted toward the prisoner, but he was
as stolid as a piece of stone.
No relatives of the murderer were
in court to hear the verdict. His aged
parents were in court during the after
noon. Wolter refused to talk. “I don't
want to talk tonight; I’m tired, and I
want to get a little good sleep first.”
DIES AFTER BOUT.
Boston, April 26.—Max Lundy, a box
er, who sparred six rounds with Joe
O’Brien, of Cambridge, at Brocton last
night, was found dead in oed at his
home in Roxbury today. The body was
sent to the city hospital morgue for an
examination.
SNOW AND WIND MAKE
CHICAGO MISERABLE
Chicago, April 26.—Chicago has been
the grasp of a heavy snow and
violent wind storm for several hours
today, and there are no signs of its
abating. The snow followed one of the
heaviest rainfalls of the year yester
day.
The wind was so strong during the
night that it lifted the roof of a barn
and drooped it on the cab of a passing
locomotive. The engineer and firemen
jumped and neither was hurt.
GRIEVED AND WORN,
MARK TWAIN GIVES
UP LIFE STRUGGLE
Aged Humorist Dies of Heart
Trouble After Long and Pain
ful Illness.
4 FRIENDS OF BOYHOOD 4
4 GRIEVE AT HIS DEATH 4
4 4
4 Chicago, April 25.—B. C. M. 4
4 (Barney) Farthing, tne original 4
4 of “Huckleberry Finn,” wept 4
4 when he heard of Mark Twain’s 4
4 death. “The old days are pass- 4
4 ing,” he said. “Even the long 4
4 sweep of the majestic Mississip- 4
4 pi seems to have dwindled. The 4
4 noise of its traffic and the mu- 4
4 sic of its deep throated whistles 4
4 practically are no more. The 4
4 man who put into words, for the 4
4 delight of the world, pictures of 4
4 the great river, is dead.” 4
4 4
T Hannibal, Mo., April 25.—Mrs. 4
4 Laura Frazier (Beck Thatcher), 4
4 known as Mark Twain's first 4
4 sweetheart, said: "I can see 4
4 him in my mind's eye now as 4
4 we started to our first school 4
4 together more than 60 years 4
4 ago, he barefooted and fingers 4
4 stained with mulberries as he 4
4 divided the berries with me, a 4
4 little girl in calico dress, sun- 4
4 bonnet and pigtail.” 4
44444444*4+++44++444444+44
Redding, Conn., April 25.— Samuel |
Langhorne Clemens (Mark Twain) died
painlessly at 6:30 o’clock last night of
angina pectoris. He lapsed into coma
at 3 o’clock in the afternoon and never
recovered consciousness. It was the
end of a man worn out by grief and
acute agony of body.
There was no thought at the time
that the end was so near. At 5 o’clock
Dr. Robert Halsey, who had been con
tinuously in attendance, said:
“Mr. Clemens is not so strong at this
hour as he was at the corresponding
hour yesterday, but he has considerable
vitality, and he may rally again."
Albert Bigelow Paine, Mark Twain's
biographer and literary executor, said
to a caller who desired to inquire for
Mr. Clemens: "I think you will not
have to call often again."
Nevertheless, Mr. and Mrs. E. E.
Loomis, who had come up from New
York to give their love in person, left
Stormfleld, Mr. Clemen's house, with
out seeing him, and only heard of his
death as they were taking the train to
New York again. Mrs. Loomis was Mr.
Clemen’s favorite niece, and Mr. Loom
is is vice president of the Lackawanna
railroad. Similarly, Jarvis Langdon. a
nephew, who had run up for the day,
left earlier, wholly uninformed.
At the death bed were onlv Mrs.
Gabrilowltsch (Clara Clemens), her
husband; Dr. Robert Halsey. Dr.
Qulntard, Albert Bigelow Paine, who
will write Mark Twain’s biography, and
two trained nurses. Restoratives—dig
italis, strychnine and camphor—were
administered, but the patient failed to
respond.
Did Not Die in Pain.
Mark Twain did not die in anguish.
Sedatives soothed his pain, but his mo
ments of consciousness aggravated the
mental depression. On the way up
from Bermuda he said to Albert Bige
low Paine, who had been his constant
companion in Illness: “This is a bad
job; we’ll never pull through with It."
On shore once more, and longing for
the serenity of the New England hills,
he took heart and said to those who
noted his enfeeblement and sorrow:
“Give me a breath of Reddding air
once more and this will pass.”
But it did not pass, and, tired of
body and weary of spirit, the old war
rior against shams and snobs, said
faintly to his nurses: “Why do you
fight to keep me alive? Two days of
life are as good to me as four.”
It is certain to be recalled that Mark
Twain was for more than 60 years an
inveterate smoker, and the first con
jecture of the layman would be that he
had weakened his heart by over indul
gence in tobacco. Dr. Halsey said to
night that he was unable to predicate
that angina pectoris, from which Mark
Twain died, was in any way a sequel
of nicotine poisoning. Some constitu
tions seem immune from the effects of
tobacco. This is one of them. Yet it
Is true that since his illness began the
doctors had cut down Mark Twain’s
daily allowance of 20 cigars and count
less pipes to four cigars a day. No
deprivation was a greater sorrow to
him. He tried to smoke on the steamer
while returning from Bermuda, and
only gave it up because he was too
feeble to draw on his pipe. Even on his
deathbed, when he had passed the point
of speech and it was no longer certain
that his ideas were lucid, he would
make the motion of waving a cigar,
and, smiling, expel empty air from un
der the mustache, still stained with
smoke.
His Country Home.
Where Mark Twain chose to spend
his declining years was the first out
post of Methodism In New England,
and it was among the hills of Redding
that General Israel Putnam, of revo
lutionary fame, mustered his sparse
ranks. Putnam park now Incloses the
memory of the camp.
Mark Twain first heard of it at the
dinner given him on his 70th birthday,
when a fellow guest, who lives there,
mentioned its beauties and added that
there was a vacant house adjoining his
own.
"I think you may buy that old house
for me." Mark Twain said.
Sherwood place was the delectable
name of that old house, and where it
stood Mark Twain reared the white
walls of the Italian villa he first named
“Innocent at Home.” but the first ex
perience of what a New England win
ter storm can be in its whitest fury
quickly caused him to christen it anew,
“Stormfleld.”
The house has been thus described
by Albert Bigelow Paine: "Set on a
fair hillside, with such a green slope
below, such a view outspread across
the valley as made one catch his breath
a little when he first turned to look
at it. A trout stream flows through
one of the meadows. There are apple
trees and gray stone walls. The en
tran o that is a winding, leafy lane.”
Through these lanes the innocent at
home loved to wander in his white
flannels for homely gossip with the
FOREIGNERS FLEE
FOR THEIR LIVES
Hotikow, April 25.—The situation in
Hunan province is reported as criti
cal. Women and children are fleeing
for their lives from Chang Sha, the
capital. A number of villages near
that city have been burned by native
mobs. The country is placarded with
threats to kill all foreigners.
This news was brought by mission
ary refugees, who arrived here today
from Chang Sha and nearby stations.
Many of them had traveled 30 miles
neighbors. They remember him best ft*
one who, above all things, loved a good
listener, for Mark was a mighty talker,
stored with fairy tales for the llttlo
maids he adored, and racier, ruder
speech for more stalwart masculine
ears.
It Is a legend that he was vastly
proud of his famous mop of white hair
and used to spend the pains of a court
lady In getting It to just the proper
stage of artistic disarray.
Affected by Rogers’ Death.
Last summer the walks began to
falter: last fall they ceased for good.
The death of H. H. Rogers, a close
friend, was a severe blow. The death
of his daughter, Jean, who was seized
with an attack of epilepsy last fall
while in her hath, was an added blow
from which he never recovered. It was
then that the stabbing pains In the
heart began. Mark Twain died, ai
truly as it can be said of any man, of
a broken heart.
The last bit of literary work he did
was a chapter of his unfinished auto
biography describing Ills daughter
Jean's death. He sought diversion In
Bermuda, where he was the guest of
the American vice consul, William H.
Allen, whose young daughter, Helen,
acted as amanuensis for what few let
ters he cared to dictate.
His winter was gay, but not happy.
When he heard of the successive deaths
of his two friends, William M. Laf
fan, of the Sun, and R. W. Gilder, edi
tor of the Century, he said sadly:
"How fortunate they are; no good for
tune of that kind ever comes to me.”
Burial at Elmira.
The burial will be In the family plot
at Elmira, N. Y., where He already his
wife, ids two daughters, Susan and
Jean, and his Infant son, Langhorne.
No date has yet been set. as the fam
ily Is still undecided whether hr not
there shall be a public funeral first in
New York city. It is probable that
Stormfleld will be kept as a summer
place by Mrs. Gabrllowitsch, who Is
very fond, both of the house and the
country, although her husband’s mu
sical engagements make It necessary
that she spend a part of each year
abroad.
Mr. Paine said that Mark Twain had
put his affairs In perfect order and
that he died well off, though by no
means a rich man. He leaves a consid
erable number of manuscripts in all
stages of completion and of all char
acters, many of them begun years ago
and put aside as unsatisfactory.
Mrs. Gabrllowitsch will aid Mr.
Paine in the final decision as to what
use shall be made of these.
Mark Twain's Career.
New York, April 2,2.—The mere
chronology of Mark Twain’s life is
soontold. Like most dwellers in the
Imagination, his significance to pos
terity lies, not ns with men of action,
in how he wrought upon events, but
rather in how events wrought upon
him; for such reaction reached his
imaginative output—one of the most
considerable of his time and, as it now
seems, one of the most secure.
Briefly, then, Mark Twain was horn
Samuel Langhorne Clemens, in Flor
ida, Mo., November 30, 1835. “My par
ents," he writes in his own burlesque
autobiography, "were neither very
poor nor conspicuously honest. The
earliest ancestor the Twains have any
record of was a friend of the family by
the name of Higgins. The county
chronicles have it that the elder
Clemens failed In business and died,
leaving his son the ample world to
make his fortune in."
Accordingly, Mark Twain’s acquaint
ance with literature began in putting
words into type, not ideus Into words.
Educated only in the public schools, he
was apprenticed to a printer at 13 and
worked at his trade in St. Louis, Cin
cinnati, Philadelphia and New York
until at 18 he could gratify a boyish
ambition to become cub to a Missis
sippi pilot. Both these happenings re
acted profoundly on his later life.
Four children were born to Mark
Twain, of whom two, a son and a
daughter, died early. One other daugh
ter, Jean, who had been an invalid for
life, was found dead In a bathtub last
fall In her home at Redding, Conn.
Her tragic death greatly saddened her
father, who declined in health from
that moment.
FOREIGN PRESS JOINS
IN HONORING AUTHOR
Berlin, April 25.—Extended apprecia
tions of Mark Twain appear In today’s
journals. The Lokai Anzelger says:
"Not only English speaking peoples,
but the whole world of culture grieves
that he has gone.”
The Berliner Zeltung Am Mittag,
during a two-column estimate of Mr.
Clemens’ work, expressed the opinion
that the American author was loved In
Germany more than Is the whole
body of French and English humorists
because his humor turned fundamen
tally upon serious and earnest concep
tions of life. The paper says that the
American works most widely read In
Germany are probably those of Emer
son and Murk Twain.
Rome, April 22.—The whole press of
Rome gives much space today to the
death of Mark Twain, recalling the
months that he spent in Italy, the
death of his wife at Florence and the
recent visit to Rome of his daughter
Clara, and her husband, Ossip Gabrilo
witeh, on their honeymoon.
The Glornale Italia publishes ab
stracts from the authors autobiogra
phy, with his likeness.
London. April 22.—“The American
Chaucer” is the Evening Standard’s
estimate of Mark Twain's position in
literature. Today the paper says:
“Like Chaucer, he kept a hospitable
heart for what was good and healthy.
Since the death of Charles Dickens
no writer of English has been so uni
versally rend, and at the moment of
his death Mark Twain was known as
only one other living writer was known.
Mark Twain and Count Tolstoi are in
heriters of world-wide fame.”
LUDICROUS ALWAYS MADE
STRONG APPEAL TO TWAIN
San Francisco. Cal., April 25.—In the
early and middle ’70s Samuel Clemens
waB a frequent visitor at the Bohe
mian club here. William Greer Karri
son recalls that Clemens was not a
convivial man.
"He was of very temperate habits.”
said Mr. Harrison, "and was rather
quiet and unobtrusive.
“It was said of Clemens that as a
reporter here he had not the slightest
conception of the value of news. He
would go to a coroner’s inquest and re
port proceedings after the manner of
a society wedding, and he would write
up a wedding in the style of a prize
fight. Only the ridiculous appealed to
him. and he warped all his reportorial
writings to strike that key.”
on foot and reached the Yantse Klang
river in rags. Their houses had been
burned and they lost all of their per
sonal effects.
Guns Trained on City.
The missionaries stated that gun
boats In the river have guns trained
upon Chang Sha and nearby points,
and have afforded refuge for many
foreigners. Three thousand Chinese
imperial soldiers are occupying the
strategic points of the capital, and de
tachments are being hurried to the
outlaying districts, where rioting is re
ported.
WOMEN IN CENTER
OF THE STAGE IN
CASE OF DR. HYDE
Story of Operation on Hunton
Is Corroborated by Eye
Witness.
Kansas Cltv, Mo., April 25—Cross
examination of Miss Pearl Keller,
Colonel Swope's nurse, was resumed
In the criminal court by Attorney Frank
P. Walsh today. Miss Keller was rec
ognized as the state's premier witness
In the hearing. Mrs. Hyde will be used
by the defense In an attempt to refute
Miss Keller's testimony. Thus the
whole fight centers down to a battle
between the two women.
Mrs. Hyde Is well versed with every
angle of her husband's case and Is
lending much aid to his lawyers, espe
cially In the examination of Miss KeH
ler. She has had her chair moved for-i
ward In the ceurt room so that she Is
at the elbow of her husband's counsel.
Little headway was made by Mr.
Walsh yesterday when he attempted to
entangle Miss Keller. The witness ad
mitted on the stand that she had made
a careful study of what her testimony
In the case would be as soon as the
Investigation began. She retired to her
room and wrote a history of the case
for her own reference before she ever
gave a word of testimony at any place,
Bhe said.
Swope’s 8trychnlne Tonic.
Asked If Colonel Swope took the
strychnine tonic three times a day,
Miss Keller said she never testified
that he did. Mr. Walsh then read
from deposition of the nurse:
"I administered the tonic three times
a day.’’
"I may have said that," said Miss
Keller, “but my chart will show the
tonic was not administered three times
a day. I gave Colonel Swope his medi
cine as often as he would take It."
Mr. Walsh completed his examina
tion of Miss Keller In less than an
hour.
Attorney Reed took the witness.
"Was Mrs. Hyde present when Dr.
Hyde asked you to use your Influence
In having him appointed administrator
of the estate?” was asked.
“She came Into our presence twice,”
answered the witness. “When she ap
peared Dr. Hyde ceased speaking.”
Nurse Is Corroborated.
Albert M. Ott, an attorney and
banker of Independence, succeeded
MIsb Keller on the stand. His test!-,
mony corroborated Miss Keller’s
story of the bleeding of James Moss
Hunton by Dr. Hyde.
"Dr. Twyman asked Dr. Hyde three
times to stop the flow and then Mrs.
Hyde Implored him to close the Inci
sion," said the witness.
Cross questioning of Mr. Ott by At
torney Walsh developed the fact that
Mrs. Hyde held Hunton’s head In her
arms throughout the operation.
The recital of the death scene moved
Mrs. Hyde to tears. This Is the first
time that she has given way to her
emotions since the trial opened.
Between Mrs. Hyde and Hunton
there was a peculiar and strong bond
of friendship. During the entire time
of the open breach between Mrs.
Swope and Mrs. Hyde over the latter’s
marriage to the physician, Hunton
never gave evidence of favoring either
party more than the other. He lived
at the Swope home and often visited
with the Hydes. It was largely due to
his Influence that friendly relations
were restored.
“Uncle Moss," as he was called, was
considered In the light of a parent to
all of Mrs. Logan O. Swope’s children
after the death of their father, 10
years ago.
Miss Anna Houlihan, who nursed the
typhoid patients In the Swope home.
Was the next witness called.
Death of Chrisman Swope.
Over the protest of Dr. Hyde’s coun
sel the witness began an account ofi
the death of Chrisman Swope. The
court advised the jury that In case
testimony about this death did not!
tend to prove motive on the part of1
Dr. Hyde In the alleged murder of
Colonel Swope, the evidence would be
ordered excluded.
The nurse’s charts In the case of
Chrisman Swope were Introduced as
evidence. They showed several nurses
had made entries In them.
Miss Houlihan said that on the night
of December 6, when Chrisman Swope
was seized with the convulsions which
Immediately preceded his death, she
was attending to three patients.
“Mrs. Hyde callfed me to Chrisman's
room and told me the doctor said the
patient’s temperature was rising. t
went out of the room and upon return
ing a few minutes later Dr. Hyde told:
me he had given Chrisman a capsul.
“Dr. Hyde left the room. I started
to give the patient a bath. He talked
with me and seemed In good condi
tion. Suddenly he was seized with a
convulsion. His head drew back; hla
arms doubled up; the legs became
rigid; his whole body shook violently.
He made a most peculiar moaning
sound.”
ciives a raniomime.
Here Miss Houlihan gave an illus
tration of how the patient acted. Imi
tating the moans of the suffering man,
she made a weird noise that caused
many spectators who did not under
stand just what she was doing to. rise
out of their seats and peer at the
witness.
“I rushed to the door and called Dr.
Hyde," she continued. "He came and
asked: 'What has happened to Chrls
man?' I told him I did not know.
Shortly afterward I remarked to him
It looked as though Chrlsman had
meningitis. Dr. Hyde said that that
was the matter.”
"What did Dr. Hyl •’”>?’* asked At
torney Reed.
"He gave two I y injections
of digitalin and nil" rln," the
witness answered.
Miss Houlihan said si gave the
patient a hypodermic Injection of
strychnine at Dr. Hyde’s order. Dr.
Hyde again left the room at this point,
she said. Recess.
Nurse Led Strike,
It was Miss Houlihan who led the
strike of the nurses against Dr. Hyde
at the Swope house last December 18.
She is a little black haired woman, of
positive manner of speech.
"People are being murdered in this
house," she is said to have declared to
Dr. Twynian, In speaking of her sus
picions of Dr. Hyde. And after she
had stated her position firmly she put
on her coat and hat and said she or
Dr. Hyde must leave the house. Dr.
Hyde left and -Mrs. Hyde went with
him.
The description of the convulsion suf
fered by Chrlsman Swope, following
the administering of a capsule by Dr.
Hyde, was similar to that which Miss
Keller gave yesterday of the attack of
Colonel Swope under similar circum
stances.