ROOSEVELT TELLS
FARMERS’ NEEDS;
SPECIALMESSAGE
President Transmits the First
Report of Country Life
Commission.
SCHOOLS TEACH OUTDOORS
Too Much “Indoors” Education
Nowadays—Some Trench
ant Suggestions.
Washington. Feb. 11.—Three especial
90*. meeds of country life in America are
®tated by President Roosevelt today In
•a message to congress transmitting the
first annual report of the country life
commission appointed last year. They
are;
First, effective co-operation among
farmers, to put them on a level with
<he organized interests with which they
do business.
Second, a new kind of schools in the
country, which shall teach the children
as much outdoors as indoors and per
haps more, so that they will prepare
for country life and not as at present,
mainly for life in town.
Third, better means of communica
tion, including good roads and a parcels
post, which the country' people are
everywhere, and rightly, unanimous in
demanding.
“To these may well be added," says
the president,, “better sanitation; for
easily preventable diseases hold several
million country people in the slavery- of
continuous ill health.”
The Message.
President Roosevelt's message fol
lows;
To the Senate and House of Representa
tives: , ,
I transmit herewith the report of the
commission on country life. At the outset
1 desire to point out that not a dollar of
the public money has been paid to any
commissioner tor his work on the com
mission.
The report shows the general condition
of farming life in the open country, and
points out its larger problems; It Indicates
ways in which the government, national
and state, may show- the people how- to
solve some of these problems; and it sug
gests a continuance of the work which the
commission began.
Judging by 30 public hearings, to which
farmers and farmers' wives from 40 states
arid territories came, and from 120,000 an
ew*?™ to printed questions sent out by
the department of agriculture, the com
mission finds that the general level of
country life is high compared with any
preceding time or with any other land. If
1 it lias tii recent years slipped down in
some places, it has risen in more places.
Its progress has been general, if not uni
form.
Yet farming does not yield either the
profit or the satisfaction, that it ought to
yield and may be made to yield. There is
discontent in the country, and in places
discouragement. Farmers as a class do
not magnify their calling, and the move
ment to the towns, though, I am happy to
eay, less than formerly, is still strong.
Help Themselves.
Under our system, it is helpful to pro
mote discussion of ways in which the peo
ple can help themselves. There are three
main directions in which the farmers can
he ip themselves; namely, better farming,
better business, and better living on the
farm The national department of agri
culture, which has rendered services
equaled by no other similar department in
any other time or place; the state depart
ments of agriculture; the state colleges ol
S agriculture and the mechanic arts, espe
, daily through their extension work; the
etatei agricultural experiment stations; the
Farmers' Union; the Grange; the agricul
tural press, and other similar agencies,
have all combined - to place within thi
reach or the American farmer an amount
and quality of agricultural information
which if applied, would enable him, ovei
large areas, to double the production ol
the farm. . ,
The object of the commission on country
life therefore is not to help the farmei
raise better crops, but to call his attentlor
to the opportunities for better business anc
better living on the farm. If country lif:
Is to become what it should be, and whal
I believe it ultimately will be—one of th:
most dignified, desirable, and sought-aftoi
ways of earning a living—the farmer must
take advantage not only of the agricul
tural knowledge which is at his disposal
• but of the methods which have raised am
continue to raise the standards of living
and of Intelligence in other callings.
Jt would be idle to assert that life or
the farm occupies as good a jiosition ir
dignity, desirability and business result!
as the farmers might easily give it if they
chose. One of the chief difficulties is thi
failure of country life, as it exists at pres
ent, to satisfy the higher social and in
tellectua! aspirations of country people
Whether the constant draining away o'
ao much of the hest elements in the rura
population into the towns is due chiefly t<
this cause or to the superior .business op
portunitles of city life may be open t<
question. But no one at all familiar witl
farm life throughout the United State:
can fail to recognize the necessity foi
building up the life of the farm upon it:
aoclal as well as upon its productive side
How It Has Improved.
|V It Is true that country life has improve:
.greatly In attractiveness, health and com
fort and that the farmer's earnings an
higher than they were. But city life 1:
advancing even more rapidly, because o
the greater attention which is being glvei
bv the citizens of the towns to their owi
betterment. For just this reason the in
troductlon of effective agricultural co
operation throughout the United States 1;
of the first importance. Where farmer:
*re organized co-operatively they no
only avail themselves much more readily
of business opportunities and improve:
methods, but it Is found that the organiza
tlons which bring them together In th
work of ‘their lives are used also for so
clal and intellectual advancement.
The co-operative plan is the hest plai
of organization wherever men have th:
right spirit to carry It out. Under thi
plan any business undertaking Is manage,
by a committee; every man has one vot
and only one vote; and everyone get
profits according to what he sells or buy
or supplies. It develops individual re
Bponslbillty and has a moral as well as ,
financial value over any other plan.
1 desire only to take counsel with th
farmers as fellow- citizens. It is not th
problem of the farmers alone that i ar
discussing with them, but a problem whio
affects every city as well ns every fan
In lhe country. It is a problem which tii
working farmers will nave to solve fo
SAMPSON’S BROTHER
FOUND DEAD IN BE[
Palmyra. N. T„ Feb. 11.—Georg
Sampson, fatner of Harry Sampsoi
whoso wife, Georgia, was arraigned u
Lyons yesterday charged with the raur
der of her husband, was found dead 1
bed at homo here this morning. H
was a brother of the late Roar Admin
Sampson, and was an important wit
ness for the prosecution of his daugh
4er-in-law.
+4444T4444444444444444444 4444444 44 4 44444444444 4444444
\ DEFICIENCIES IN COUNTRY j
: LIFE SEEN BY COMMISSION!
4 A lack of knowledge on the part of farmers of the exact agricultural 4
4 conditions and possibilities of their regions. 4
4 Lack of good training for country life in the schools. 4
4 The disadvantage or handicap of the farmer as against the estab- 4
4 lished business systems and interests, preventing him from securing 4
4 adequate returns for his products. 4
4 Lack of good highway facilities. 4
4 The widespread continuing depletion of soils, with the injurious 4
4 effect on rural life. 4
4 A general need of new and active leadership. 4
4 4
^ SOME OF THE REMEDIES. 4
4 4
~r The encouragement of a system of thorough-going surveys of all 4
4 agricultural regions in order to take stock and to collect local facts with 4
4 the idea of providing a basis on which to develop a scientifically and 4
4 economically sound country life. 4
4 A thorough-going Investigation by experts of the middleman system 4
4 of handling farm products, coupled with a general inquiry into the 4
4 farmer’s disadvantages in respect to taxation, transportation rates, co- 4
4 operative organizations and credit, and the general business syBtem.
4 An inquiry into the control and use of the streams of the United 4
4 States with the object of protecting the people in their ownership and 4
4 of saving to agricultural uses such benefits as should be reserved for 4
4 these purposes.
4 The establishing of a highway engineering service, or equivalent 4
4 organization, to be at the call of the states In working out effective and 4
4 economical highway systems.
4 The establishing of a system of parcels posts and postal savings 4
4 banks. ^
4 Careful attention to the farmers’ interests in legislation on the 4
4 tariff, on regulation of railroads, control or regulation of corporations 4
4 and of speculation, legislation in respect to rivers, forests, and the 4
4 utilization of swamp lands. +
themselves; but It is a problem which also
affects In only less degree all the rest of
us. and therefore If we can render any
help toward Its solution, It Is not only our
duty but our Interest to do so.
The foregoing will, I hope, make it clear
why I appointed a commission to consider
problems of farm life which have hitherto
had far too little attention, and the neg
lect of which has not only held back life
in the country, but also lowered the effi
ciency of the whole nation. The welfare
of the farmer is of vital consequence to
the welfare of the whole community. The
strengthening of country life, therefore, is
the strengthening of the whole nation.
Where Aid Is Needed.
The commission has tried to help the
farmers to see clearly their own problem
and to see it as a whole; to distinguish
clearly between what the government can
do and what the farmers must do for
themselves; and it wishes to bring not only
the farmers but the nation as a whole to
realize that the growing of crops, though
an essential part, is only a part of country
life. Crop growing is the essential founda
tion; but it is no less essential that the
farmer shall get an adequate return ror
what he grows; and it is no less essen
tial—indeed it is literally vital—that he
and his wife and his children shall lead the
right kind of life.
For this reason, it is of the first Im
portance that the United States depart
ment of agriculture, through which as
prime agent the ideas the commission
stands for, must reach the people, should
become without delay in fact a department
of country life, fitted to deal not only with
crops, but also with the larger aspects of
life in the open country.
From all that has been done and learn
ed three great general and immediate
needs of country life stand out;
First, effective co-operation among
farmers, to put them on a level with the
organized interests with which they do
business.
Second a new kind of schools In th«
country, which shall teach the children
as much outdoors as indoors and perhaps
more, so that they will prepare for coun
try life and not as at present, mainly for
life in town.
Third, better means of communication,
including good roads and a parcels post,
whigh the country people are everywhere,
and rightly, unanimous in demanding.
To these may well be added better san
itation; for easily preventable diseases
hold several million country people in the
slavery of continuous ill health.
The commission points out, and I con
cur in the conclusion, that the most im
portant help that the government, wheth
er national or state, can give is to show
the people how to go about these tasks
of organization, education and communi
cation with the best and quickest results.
This can be done by the collection and
spread of information. One community
can thus be informed of what other com
munities have done, and one country of
what other countries have done. Such
help by the people’s government would
lead to a comprehensive plan of organi
zation, education, and communication, and
make the farming country better to live
in, for intellectual and social reasons as
well as for purely agricultural reasons.
The government through the department
of agriculture does not cultivate any
man’s farm for him. But it does put at
his service useful knowledge that h<
would not otherwise get. In the same
way the national and state government
might put. into the people’s hands the new
and right knowledge of school work. The
task of maintaining and developing the
schools would remain, as now, with the
people themselves.
One Recommendation.
The only recommendation I submit Is
that an appropriation of S2.S.000 be pro
vided, to enable the commission t» di
gest the material it has collected, and te
collect and to digest much more
that is within its reach, and thus
complete its work. This would en
able the commission to gather in th«
harvest of suggestion which is result!n§
, from the discussion it has stirred up. Tht
commissioners have served without com
pensation, and I do not recommend anj
appropriation for their services, but only
for the expenses that will be required
to finish the task that they have begun.
To improve our system of agriculture
1 seems to me the most urgent of the task;
wrhich lie before us. But it can not, ir
my judgment, be effected by measures
which touch only the material and tech
nical side of the subject; the whole bust
ness and life of the farmer must also bf
' taken into account. Such consideratiam
led me to appoint the commission or
'• country life. Our object should be tc
> help develop In the country the grea'
i ideals of community life as well as o;
, personal character. One of the most im
portant adjuncts to this end must be tin
country church, and I invite your atten
, tion to what the commission says of tin
s country church and of the need of an ex
tension of such work as that of tin
Young Men’s Christian association ii
I country communities. Bet me lay specia
emphasis upon what the commission sayi
» at the very end o’ its report on persona
ideals and local leadership. Everythin!
resolves itself in the end into the questioi
i of personality. Neither society nor gov
» eminent can do much for country life un
3 less there is voluntary response in th<
I personal ideals of the men and womei
' who live in the country. In the develop
j ment of character, the home should b
3 more important than the school, or thai
society at large. When once the basi
i material needs have been met, high ideal
may be quite independent of income; bu
; they can not be realized without sufflcien
> income to provide adequate foundation
i and wh^re the community at large is no
i financially prosperous it is impossible t
i develop a high average personal and com
i munity ideal. In short, the fundament;)
r facts of human nature apply to men an
DES MOINES COMMANDER
| TO SUCCEED QUALTROUGI
Washington, Feb. 11.—Captain T. A
r. Potts, on duty at the Washington nav;
yard, has been selected to eommani
’ the battleship Georgia, succeeding Cap
1 tain Edward F. Qualtrough, who wa
- suspended from duty following trial b
i court-marital at Gibraltar. Captai
e Potts- last sea duty was in eotnman
I of the cruiser Des Moines. Lleutenan
Commander Walter S. Crossley, o
duty at the New York navy yard, ha
- been chosen as an executive officer c
the Des Moines.
women who live in the country Just as
they apply to men and women who live in
the towns. Given a sufficient foundation
of material well being, the influence of
the farmers and farmers’ wives on their
children becomes the factor of first im
portance in determining the attitude of
the next generation toward farm life. The
farmer should realize that the person who
most needs consideration on the farm is
his wife. I do not In the least mean tfiat
she should purchase ease at the expense
of duty. Neither man nor woman is really
happy or really useful save on condition
of deing his or her duty. If the woman
shirks her duty as housewife, as home
keeper, as the mother whose prime func
tion it is to bear and rear a sufficient
number of healthy children, then she is
not entitled to our regard. But If she does
her duty she is more entitled to our re
gard even than the man who does his
duty; and the man should show special
consideration for her needs.
O. K. for Farm.
I warn my countrymen that the great
recent progress made in city life is not a
full measure of our civilization; for our
civilization rests at bottom on the whole
someness, the attractiveness, and the
completeness, as well as the prosperity,
of life in the country. The men and
women on the farms stand for what is
fundamentally best and most needed in
our American life. Upon the development
of country life rests ultimately our ability,
by methods of farming requiring the high
est intelligence, to continue to feed and
clothe the hungry nations; to supply the
city with fresh blood, clean bodies, and
clear brains that can endure the terriflc
strain of modern life; we need the de
velopment of men in the open country,
who will be in the future, as in the past,
the stay and strength of the nation in
time of war and its guiding and control
ling spirit in time of peace.
Theodore Roosevelt.
The White House, February 9, 1909.
SUMMARY OF REPORT
OF THE COMMISSION
The report of the commission describes
with some fulness the existing conditions
of farm life and points out the causes that
may have led to its present lack of organ
ization. It suggests methods for the re
direction of rural society, for arresting
the drift to the city, for maintaining the
natural rights of the farmer and for the
devolepment of an organized rural life
that will promote the prosperity of the
whole nation.
Broadly speaking, agriculture in the
United States is prosperous and the con
ditions in many of the great farming re
gions are improving. Country homes gen
erally are improving in comfort, attrac
tiveness and healthfulness. Many insti
tutions, organizations and movements are
actively contributing to the increasing
welfare of the open country.
There has never been a time when the
American farmer was as well off as he Is
today, when not only his earning powfer,
but the comforts and advantages he may
secure are considered. There has been a
complete and fundamental change in our
whole ecomonic system within the past
century.
Yet it is true, notwithstanding all this
progress as measured by historical stand
ards, that agriculture is not commercially
as profitable as it is entitled to be for the
labor and energy that the farmer expends
and the risks that he assumes, and that
the social conditions in the open country
are far short of their possibilities.
Rural society is lacking chiefly in a
knowledge on the part of the farmers of
the exact agricultural conditions and pos
sibilities of their regions, resulting in the
widespread depletion of soils with the in
jurious effect on rural life; in proper
training for country life in the schools; in
good highway facilities, and in organiza
tion for buying and selling.
There is an absence of any adequate
system of agricultural credit, a shortage
of labor, often complicated by Intemper
ance among workmen; a lack of institu
tions and incentives that tie the laboring
man to the soil; the life of the farm wom
an is burdensome and narrow; there is
need of adequate supervision of public
health.
Farmer Handicapped.
The farmer is handicapped by the spec
ulative holding of lands, monopolistic con
trol of streams and forests, waste of our
natural resources, and restraint of trade.
Some of the remedies for the conditions
set forth lie with the national government,
some of them with the states and commu
nities in their corporate capacities, some
with voluntary organizations, and some
with individuals acting alone.
All organized forces both in town and
country should understand that there are
country phases as well as city phases of
our civilization, and that one phase needs
help as much as the other. All these
agencies should realize their responsibility
i to society. Many existing organizations
and institutions might become practically
! co-operative or mutual in spirit, as for
example, all agricultural societies, li
braries and churches. All the organiza
i tions standing for rural progress should
I be federated in states and nation.
There are several great forces, or prin
i clples, which must be utilized in the en
■ deavor to solve the country life question.
There must be a vast enlargement of
• voluntary, organized effort among farm
i ers themselves. It is indispensable that
* farmers shall work together for their
s common interests and for the national
i welfare. If they do not do this, no gov
’ ernmental activity, no legislation, not
i even better schools, will greatly avail.
: The forces and institutions that make for
: morality and spiritual Ideals among rural
; people must be energized.
t There must be not only a fuller scheme
) of public education, but a new kind oi
- education adapted to the real needs of the
1 farming people. The country schools are
i to be so redirected that they shall edu
QUAKE IN MEXICO.
. Mexico City, Feb. 11.—A serious
L earthquake lasting 31 seconds was felt
near the volcano Colima yesterday
; The eruption of the volcano continues
j The Inhabitants of the neighboring col
ony are not frightened despite the frt
, quent earthquakes and results aecom
{ CLOSE ILLINOIS BANK.
1 Washington, Feb. 11.—The comptroll
t er of the currency, has announced thai
i the Coal Belt National bank, of Ben
s ton, III., is closied by order of the di
f rectors, and that George C. Bell hat
been appointed receiver.
cate their pupils in term* of the dally Ufa.
Opportunities for training toward the ag
ricultural callings are to be multiplied
and made broadly effective. This means
redoubled efforts for better country
schools, and a vastly Increased Interest
In the welfare of country boys and girls
on the part of those who pay the school
taxes. Education by means of agriculture
Is to be a part of our regular public
school work. Special agricultural schools
are tc bo organized.
Want Good Roads.
The country people everywhere are ask
ing for good roads. Everywhere too they
want a parcels post and the extension of
the rural free delivery.
The commission has purposely avoided
indorsing any particular bill now before
congress, no matter what Its value or ob
ject. In the opinion of the commission,
however, there are two or three move
ments of the utmost consequence that
should be set under way at the earliest
possible time because they are funda
mental to the whole problem of perma
nent reconstruction. There should be or
ganized under government leadership a
comprehensive plan for an exhaustive
study or survey of all the conditions that
surround the business of farming and the
people who live In the country. In order
to take stock of our resources and to sup
ply tho farmer with knowledge.
Each state college of agriculture should
organize as soon as practicable, a com
plete department of college extension.
Local, state, and even national confer
ences on rural progress, designed to unite
the Interests of education, organization
and religion, should be held.
There Is need for young people of qual
ity, energy, capacity, aspiration and con
viction, who will live in the open country
as permanent residents on farms or as
teachers, or In other useful fields, and
who, while developing their own business
or affairs to the greatest perfection, will
still have unselfish interest In the welfare
of their communities. The farming coun
try Is by no means devoid of leaders and
i Is not lost or Incapable of helping Itself,
but it has been relatively overlooked by
persons who are seeking great fields of
usefulness. It will be well for us as a
people If we recognize the opportunity
for usefulness In the open country and
consider that there Is a call for service.
The suggestions of the commission only
outline a general plan whereby the strong
resident forces In the open country may
themselves build up a new and better
rural social structure. To accomplish this
the entire people must be aroused. The
time for this is at hand.
—*■—
QUAINT ANSWERS
COME FROM FARMERS
One of the most Illuminating—and Inci
dentally one of the most interesting and
amusing—series of answers sent to the
commission was from a farmor In Mis
souri. Ho stated that he had a wife and
11 living children, he and and his wife
being each 62 years old; and that they
owned 630 acres of land without any mort
gage hanging over their heads. He had
himself done well, and his vtews as to why
many of his neighbors had done less well
are entitled to consideration. These views
are expressed in terse and vigorous Eng
lish) they cannot always be quoted In full.
He states that the farm homes in his
neighborhood are not as good as they
should be because too many of them are
Incumbered by mortgages; that the schools
do not train boys and girls satisfactorily
for life on the farm, because they allow
them to get an Idea In their headB that
city life Is better, and that to remedy this
practical farming should be taught.
To the question whether the farmers and
their wives In his neighborhood are satis
factorily organized, he answers: "Oh.
there Is a little one-horse grange gang In
our locality, and every darned one thinks
they aught to be a king." To the question,
“Are the renters of farms In your neigh
borhood making a satisfactory living?" he
answers: "No; because they move about
so much hunting a better job."
To the question, “Is the supply of farm
labor In your neighborhood satisfactory?"
the answer Is: "No; because the people
have gone out of the baby business;" and
when asked as to the remedy he answers,
“Give a pension t* every mother who
gives birth to seven living boys on Ameri
can soil." To the question "Are the con
ditions surrounding hired labor on the
farm In your neighborhood satisfactory to
the hired men?" he answers: “Yes, unless
he Is a drunken cuss,” adding that he
would like to blow up the stlllhouses and
root out whisky and beer. To the question
“Are the sanitary conditions on the farms
In your neighborhood satisfactory?" he an
swers: "No; to—to careless about chicken
yards (and the like) and poorly covered
wells, In one well on a neighbor’s farm I
counted seven snakes in the wall of the
well, and they used the water dally, his
wife dead now and he Is looking for an
other." He ends by stating that the most
important single thing to be for the bet
terment of country life Is “good roads;”
but In his answers he shows very clearly
that most Important of all Is the Individual
equation of the man or woman.
-- m — ,ii --
GOULD IS ANGRY;
HE’S NO QUITTER
Head of Great Railroad System
Declares Harriman Has Not
Forced Him Out.
New York. Feb. 11.—George J. Gould
was angry today after reading a dis
patch under a Pittsburg date, saying
j h& was about to retire from the active
[ conduct of railway affairs and relin
j quish the control of his vast interests
to E. H. Harriman. Mr. Gould said.
I "I am not going to retire and Mr.
Harriman has not obtained control of
the Gould railway system, nor is ho
likely to as long as God spares my life
and I am able to do a full day’s work.
The wish of Mr. Harrlman’s friends
l may be father to the thought, hut the*
Gould railways will remain Gould rail
j ways for many years to come.”
WOMEN’S FIGHT FOR
SUFFRAGE GETS CHECK
New York. Feb. 11.—The proselyting
campaign which the women "fighters
for franchise" tiad started on the lower
East Side received a check in the form
of an ultimatum from the educational
alliance forbidding leaders of young
girls’ clubs to take their charges to
meetings where woman suffrage is to
be the subject of discussion,
j The matter was brought to the at
tention of the alliance when Miss Rose
Shapiro, a stenographer, who has a
, club of about 20 girls, took the girls to
a meeting In the nurses’ settlement.
Miss Elkus said today she had for
, bidden Miss Shapiro to take her club
to the suffrage meeting n^t because
she was opposed to woman suffrage,
but because the girls of that partic
ular club are too young to consider
such a question.
ATTACKS TRINITY CHURCH.
Detroit, Mich., Eeb. 11.—Rev. Maurice
Pqnfield Eikcs, pastor of the Wood
ward Avenue Raptist church, address
ing members of the Pastors' union or
"Preaching for Souls," last night, at
tacked Trinity church. New York
which is the owner of tonement prop
erty in the worst districts of the me
tropojjs. Dr. Pikes did not mention th
church by name, but his meaning wa
unmistakable. He referred to the pow
erful ecclesiastical body which has don<
more harm than all the saloons, bro
thels and atheists In the state of Now
York."
STABBED AND
KILLED WHILE
ON A "DRUNK”
Drunken Rioter Seeks Trouble
Among His Fellows and For
feits His Life.
Bloomfield. Neb.. Feb. 16.—Mfehall
Eafley was stabbed and almost Instant
ly killed at Maxwell's pool hall by
Hammon Horey Thursday.
They had been drinking and playing
poker during the night, and Eafley be
gan to pick a quarrel with every one
he came in contact with In the-morning,
making the rounds of all the saloons,
and Anally stopping In the pool hall
where the stabbing took place.
At the coroner's Inquest, It was prov
en by eighteen witnesses that Eafley
was In fighting mood and that prac
tically Sorey was acting In self de
fense. At the preliminary hearing So
rey was bound over to the district
court In the sum of $2,000, which was
furnished.
FORMER NEBRASKAN
INVOLVED IN TROUBLE
Denver, Feb. 16.—Charles. O. Charles
ton, said to be a former member <*f
the Nebraska legislature and of the
Chicago board of aldermen, was ar
rested here today charged with numer
ous forgeqlos of checks.
I Charleston eight or 10 years ago Is
' said to have been a prosperous con
tractor In Chicago. He came to Den
| ver about three years ago.
BOSTON MUSIC MASTER
ELOPES WITH A WIFE
ban Francisco, Feb. 16.—Daniel Ma
quarre, professor of music in the Bos
ton Conservatory of Music, and for
merly a member of tho Boston Spm
phony orchestra, is under arrest at the
1 city prison upon telegraphic advices
from the Boston police saying ho Is
wanted upon an Indictment charging
him with a serious offense for eloping
with Mrs. Matilda Lenom, who occupies
a cell near that of Maquarre. Accord
ing to a telegram received by Chief of
Police Cook, detectives are on their
wav to San Francisco to take the
couple back to Boston.
Maquarre is 28 years old. Mrs. Len
om was a member of the Boston Sym
phony orchestra and Is 10 years his
senior. Since coming to San Francisco
; Mrs. Lenom has opened a millinery
I store and Maquarre was giving music
j lessons.
OIL TRUST WOULD PAY
BIG FINE IN SILVER
Galveston, Tex., Feb. 16.—The Wii
ters-Pierce Oil company, which has
I been ousted from the state and fined
$1,000,000 for violation of the anti-trust
laws, announced it will pay the big fine
i In sliver dollars and asks If the state
! of Texas will not pay express charges
on the shipment.
The attorney general replied that tho
convicted company must deliver into tho
Texas state treasury every cent of the
penalty without cost to the state. Man
ager Hancock, of the oil company, who
is here, says tho company would like to
j pay the fine In pennies if it is possible.
It will cost the Waters-Pierce com
! pany $2,500 to deliver the big fine. It
' will require three express cars to car
I ry the silver from St. Louis to Austin,
| Tex., and a small army of guards and
j laborers to deposit tho money In tho
j state treasury.
SYLVIA GREEN TO
MARRY CANADIAN
Galt. Ont., Feb. 16.—Miss K. L. Wilks
today announced to her friends In this
city for Mrs. Hettie Green, of New
York, the engagement of Mrs. Greene's
only daughter, Sylvia, and her nephew,
Astor Wilks, eldest son of the late
Matthew Wilks, of Crulekson Park,
Galt. Ont.
Rumors of the engagement last Feb
; ruary are denied. The senior Wilks left
; a fortune of many millions. The son
passes most of his time In New York
and Newport.
Crulekson, the Wilks estate here, Is
I one of the most beautiful homes In
! Canada. Forty-five years ago Matthew
Wilks, sr., who married an Astor, came
here to settle after finding the New
York climate ruinous to his health.
There was a second son. Langdon
Wilks, who is now traveling with his
wife in the South.
WILL PROSECUTE
BOOTH OFFICERS
_
Cricago, Feb. 16.—Criminal prosecu
tion of the author or authors of ‘the
falsified financial statement of A.
Booth & Co., which "dropped" the
matter of $1,300,000 of the company’s
debts, Is promised today by one of
the attorneys representing the con
cern’s creditors.
Although the lawyer is unable or un
willing to name the men against whom
such prosecutions probably will he
aimed, he did declare that " it would
be no dummy or beggar. Men highei
up,” said he, would be the ones held
responsible for the affairs of the com
: pany.
Attorney Olevlnson, who is acting
! for the bankers, pointed out that such
a prosecution might be brought undet
section 96 or 97 of the criminal code,
which is relative to the obtaining ot
money or credit by false representa
tions. The maximum penalty undet
the second of these statutes Is 14 years
in the penitentiary and a tine of $2,
000. _ _ _
RUSSIAN POLICE WOULD
ARREST MAXIM GORKY
St. Petersburg, Feb. 16.—The police
issued a warrant for the arrest of Max
im Gorky, the well known Russian nov
elist. In the document Gorky’ is de
scribed as “nizhni-novgorod—a house
painter.”
Maxim Gorky is at present in Italy
and recent dispatches said he purposed
to reside permanently at Florence.
BIBLE IN ONE HAND,
KNIFE IN THE 0THEF
Memphis, Tenn., Feb. 16.-- Runnlnt
amuck, attacking men, women anc
children and throwing the fashionftbh
neighborhood about Poplar avenue ani
Dunlap street into a panic today. £
crazy negro finally was shot and killec
by W. B. Clement, one of the hundret
pursuers.
The dead negro was Henry Tate. H<
1 is believed to have gone crazy on thi
subject of religion. He carried a bibb
in ont hand and a knife in the other.
■■■"■ ..
What Ha Put In tha Milk.
A London boy. delivering milk, wap
stopped the other day on his rounds by
two police officers, who asked him if
his employer ever put anything In the
milk.
"Oh, yes,” was the Innocent answer.
The officers, thinking they had a clear
case of adulteration, offered the boy
six-pence If he would tell them what
was put in It.
"Ah,” said the boy. with a grin, “you
will not give me the sixpence If 1 tell
ye."
"Oh. yes, we will," said the officers.
"Give it to me first,” said the little
fellow.
The sixpence was duly handed over,
with the Question:
"New, what does your employer put
In the milk?"
"Why,” said the boy, with a cunning
look, “he puts the measure In every
time he takes any milk out." -
Private Forestry In England.
From the February Garden Magazine.
Everywhere in England you Bee pri
vate forests planted for profit. England
first won her naval supremacy In shlpd
built of English oak trees which wera
practically planted for the purpose on
private estates. Public or state for
estry hardly exists In England. Her*
we commonly think that forestry con
cerns the government only. A few
Americans will plant catalpa, locust, or
somo other tree crop that matures in
seven to 16 years, but when the paa
slon for enduring things becomes a na
tional trait with us we will plant oaka
and other species that require a hun
dred years or more to mature. Mean
while, tho bureau of forestry at
Washington, D. C., has a plan for
co-operating with anyone who has a
forest In which profit Is the chief con
sideration. _ _
Tho Latest Fad.
Anna D. Adams Theatrical Beauty Paw
tie. 10,000 prizes to those who solve tt.
Amuses young and old. Seat 25c to-day.
Room 212. 39 State street. Chicago.
The Real Immortala
From the Homlletlo Review.
We have been building monuments to
those who could massacre the most. In
the cathedrals of Europe and In the parks
of America you will find M monuments to
those who havo destroyed their kind to
•very one of those who have brought tho
world light and life; but a better day 1»
dawning. Seven years ago, when Franca
made up its list of Immortals, Napoleon,
the greatest of butchers, headed the list
but last year It mads another roll of Its
noble men. and Pasteur, the savior of|
human ltfe, stood first. There is another
book which has the list of Qod's Immor
tals, and above that list It Is written,
“They that be wise shall shins as tha
flrmanent and they that turn many to<
,righteousness as the stars forever and
ever."
Tho Unanswerable Tear.
(From "Corsair,” Canto 2.)
Oh! too convincing—dangerously dear—
In woman's eye the unanswerable teari
That weapon of her weakness she can
wield
To save, subdue—at once her spear and
shield.
—Lord Byron.
BACKACHE IS KIDNEYACHB.
Usually There Are Other l)rap<*a(
to Prove It.
Pain In the back la pain In the kid
neyB, In moat cases, and It points to
the need of a special remedy to relievo
and cure the con
gestion or Inflam
mation of the kid
neys that Is inter
fering with their
work and causing
that paiu that
makes you say; ,
"Oh, my back!”
David Pries*
Corydon, Iowa,
says: “My back
was so weak and
lame I could hard
ly walk. The kid
neys showed bad
i disorders. 1 ran
down until almost a skeleton. I thought
1 there was no hope for me and noth
ing helped me until I began using
Doan's Kidney Pills. I Improved rap
idly and finally became so well that tbo
trouble never returned."
Sold by all deulers. 50 cents a box.
! Foster-MUburn Co., Buffalo, N. Y.
To Columbia university belongs the
I credit of offering the first course de
signed to give students a practical
knowledge of the conduct of political
affairs. That institution has asked the
bureau of municipal research in New
York to give the members of the class
the benefit of the experience It has de
rived from the study of the affairs of
thut city, and the invitation has been
accepted. The growing demand for
the adoption of the scientific methods
of city government lends support to.
the view that college men will be In
demand in this department of the pub
lic service, hence the propriety and use
fulness of a university course estab
lished on the lines Indicated by the in
novation at Columbus.
“Write It in Letters of Gold.”
When you see aught that is good In u.
friend,
Write it in letters of gold;
Something or other your heart can com
mend.
As on vour journey you daily may wend,
| That the dear import remain to the end.
I Write it in letters of gold.
j Hear the glad greetings as onward you
tare.
Write it in letters of gold; ,
I publish It wide on the mountains so bare,
I Over old fields of the thorn and the tare,
"Vi* cannot wander outside of My care,’’
Write it in letters of gold.
There is the message to one gone astray,
.! Write it In letters of gold;
Tender is mercy, enduring for aye,
Guiding the others who might lose the
way.
Treasure the meaning for yourself—and
. | stay!
Write it in letters of gold.
I —Alonzo Rice, in Western Christian Ad
| vocate.
. i Several new railroad bridges in Mex
. lco- are of white marble of the best
grade.
