Image provided by: University of Nebraska-Lincoln Libraries, Lincoln, NE
About The frontier. (O'Neill City, Holt County, Neb.) 1880-1965 | View Entire Issue (Nov. 1, 1900)
OKI) COMMERCIAL AND TERRITORIAL EXPANSION. AMERICA’S GREAT NEED OF PHILIPPINE ISLANDS. Grouped around Manila a* a point o lated part of tbe world. More than 80 Japan, Asiatic Russia, China, French C tralasla, the Dutch East Indies, etc., a point of distribution than to any other g as Shanghai, Canton and others are as n of New York. The question, “What will lie the effe States by our possession of the Philippin First—They can supply a large proper and sub-tropical products which this con thus be expended under the American fl of the islands and those of our own citi Second—They will supply an immedia 000,000 of American products and ruanu later. Third—By far the most important fea Pacific is their prospective effect upon o adjacent to them, and especially to the P commercially adjacent to the Philippin ally, or practically $100,000,000 per nion of the clauses of articles for which tbe p tempting to find a market. The commerce of this half of the wor made the great commercial center, now a! annum, and its annual purchases to abo indicated, practically $100,000,000 per in which is sent to other parts of the wor the class of goods for which the people o Cotton and cotton goods, breadstuff*, pr iron and ateel and wood, the product* o the people of that part of tbe world. Referring to the need of supplying our own tropical products—it may be well to call attention to the value of such im ports in the years 189ft and 1900. They were: l t-ar. 1895 1900 \ slue. $315,707,098 351353.240 Included In thin are indigo, rice, sugar, apicea, bemp, coffee, tea, rubber, fruits, certain wood* and such products which j can only come from the tropics. They j can be produced in the Philippines in i sufficient quantities to supply all Amer ican requirements. Within the last fifty years there has been an awakening in the Orient. Japan baa become modernised and China is cer tain to be opened in large degree to west ctn enterprise. The total trade of the Far East, Australasia and the islands of tbe Pacific last year waa as follows: ronatrr. Imports. British East Indies $221..V5?.M» British Australasia X77.K79.fsO china . lia.-.08.<ino a pan . 110.2 10.000 Straits Settlement a HSt.Kl3.UflO Itatrh East ladies. Russia, Asiatic.- 21.379.000 Flam . 1M.3M.0W> Philippine Islands. 2O.30u.0O0 Hawaiian Islands.. 13.2fo.OMO Mauritius . 13.oio.ono Persia . 23.478.000 Ceylon . 2O.722.0fM Hongkong . 20.000.000 French East Indies 791,o«) Korea . 8.088.000 Exports. »2«3.217.100 278.7OH.flO0 142.1*23.(00 107.450,000 97.822.WO 80,(01,000 29.438.000 23.280.0 JO 19.270.000 23.Of 0.000 13.832.fSSt 13.034.0fs* 14.841.WI0 10 WXI.003 3.(*KK,(sS) 2,482.000 Total Asia and Oceanl. a ... .$1,143,800,000 $1,230,124,000 Moat of the American export trade with Asia is with countries bordering on the Pacific. The shipments of American merchandise to these countries has in creased enormously. How much the sub joined figures show: EXPORTS TO ARIA . 1895. 1900. Japan .$4,634,717 $29,087,642 Chinese Empire.. 3.603,840 15,258,748 Ilongkoug <Br)... 4.253,040 8.485.988 B. East Indies... 2,853.941 4.S92.323 Dutch East Ind.. 1,147,315 1,534.140 French East Iud. 69.136 207.587 Asiatic Russia... 204,987 8.050,102 Russian China. 337.310 Corea . 126,965 German China. 29,202 But it Is not aloue to Asia that our ex ports ara expanding. The same is equal ly true aa to Occanlca. Our exports to Australasia are nearly three times ns large aa they were in 1895; to Havana, four times aa large; to the Philippines, twenty timea aa large. The details of theae exports follow: EXPORTS TO OCEAMCA. Brit. Australasia.$9,014,268 $26,725,702 Hawaiian Islands 3,723,057 13*509.148 Philippines . 119,255 2,040,449 French Oceanica. 252,651 323,138 Tonga, Samoa, eta . 146,267 Figl, etc. 22,281 Guam. 13,247 Germ. Oceanica. 10,695 Total .$13,109,231 $43,390,927 We are using more and more of the products of our island possessions every year. Hawaii, which was developed by American capital, shows an amazing In crease in exports to the United States. When quiet la fully restored In the Phil ippines and when Porto Rico ia fully re covered from the hard times incident to (Spanish rule, there will certainly be a corresponding growth in what those Isl and* buy from Americans, the products both of our farms and factories. Our imports from these three possessions In 1896 and 1900 were: Imports from— 1895. » 1900. Porto Rico.$1,516,512 $3,978,415 Hawaii . 7,888,961 20.707,903 Philippines . 4,731,306 5.971,208 Total .$14,136,839 $29,757,526 The Philippines have never been devel oped and not only can they produce any thing and everything in nbundance which grows in the tropics, but they are known to hare deposits of coal, iron ore, copper, gold, ailrer and other minerals. The acquisition of the islands la a fact accomplished. We have not to ask whether we shall expaud—we have only to expand the possibilities of the Islands. THE RECORD IR A NUTSHELL. Here ia the record of the three years under the Dingley law, compared with the three preceding years under the Wil son law; Decrease in importation of manufactures.$120,886,790 Increase In Importation of manufacturers’ materials.. 113,410,200 Increase in exportation of manufactures. 373,204,966 r distribution In the most densely popu 5,000,000 people form the population of ochin China, Siam, British India, Aus >1 of whirh are nearer to Manila aa a reat commercial center, while such cities > car to Manila tie Havana ia to the city ct upon the commerce of the United cs?" ia answered as follows: lion of the $350,000,000 worth of tropical rtry Imports annually. The sum can ig and for the benefit both of the people rena having investments in the islands. (e market for from $30,000,000 to $50, factures annually, and twice this sum lure of these island acquisitions in the nr trade with the countries commercially lilippines. The imports of the countries •a amount to about $1,200,000,000 annu :h. Nearly all of these importations are M>ple of the United States arc now at d’s population, of which Manila may be nounts to more than $2,000,000,000 per it $1,200,000,000 per annum, or, as above >ath. Practically all of this vast sum d than the United States is expended for ’ this country are now seeking a market. >risions, dairy products, manufactures of r the farm and factory, are demanded by j P WHERE WE l'eiIdI**! ! I Tha United Mtates la now the ] [ i i world’s area tent producer of (, < ► Iron, ateel and ooal, aa well aa < > < ► of copper, cotton, breadstuffS, < > J | provtstona and nanny other < * J | nrticlea entering Into the dally * * ,, reqalrementa of man. JJ EXPANSION!MAP'"™ UNITED'STATES \ . VALUE OF EXPORTS UNDER TWO TARIFFS Protection Anirn Manufacturers Their Home Market aod Exporta Follow. The avowed purpose of tho free raw material clause of the Wilson-Gorman tariff law waa to "stimulate manufactur ing.” Instead of "stimulating" it, the law all but strangled it. Millions of wage earn ers were driven out of employment. Soup houses were opened. Free Bread and Free Clothes were the Democratic watch word. With our Industries revived by a pro tective tariff, manufacturing both for home markets and for export has attain ed a degree of prosperity never before known in the United States. In proof of this the following statement has been prepared showing the exports of principal manufactured articles under three years of low tariff and protection, respectively: AMERICAN EXPORTS. Fiscal years Fiscal years 181*5. 181*6 . 1808. 1809 and 1807. and 11*00. (Under Wll- (Under Ding Articles. son law.) ley law.) Total manufac tures .1689,202,812 $1,002,078,806 Iron and steel manufactures... 130,000,738 280,970,200 Mineral oils, re fined . 104,223,124 170,502,098 Copper and manu factures of. 00,800.932 127,020,390 Leutlierand manu factures of. 05,018,009 71,809,433 Cotton and manu factures of .... 01,664,884 64,511,007 Agricultural Im plement. 15,830,536 86,136.810 Chemicals and drugs . 24,001,668 . 31,890,032 Wood manufac tures . 22,268.698 30.044.482 Paraffin . 12,933,001 21,437,009 Paper and manu factures of. 8,282,200 17,188,007 Which is best for American labor? Commercial expansion or commercial stagnation? To protect our home markets and give manufacturers a chance to go into the markets of the Vorld, or to throw every thing wide open by a free trade tariff and have the manufacturers of the world flooding our markets with their cheap la bor goods? EXPANSION IN TRADE FOR THE PAST NINE MONTHS. Oar exports here nearly don* bled since 1800. Our Imports bare slightly In creased In the seme time. Such Is tbs record of com mercial expansion ander the fostering care of tbe present administration. Tbe Treasury Department has Inst leaned a statemeat of tbe Imports and exports of tbe United States for tbementh of September, together with a statement of tbe Imports and exports for the period of nine months ending September 80, for a series of years. Mo stronger armament In favor of holding enr awn markets by the application of the principle of protection, and then seeking tbe world’s mar kets, has ever been made. According to tbe statement leaned tbs Imports and exports dnrlng September were as fol lows: September, 1900. Ex ports....SI 15.634.210 Imports. 50,502,906 < > Excess of Exports S 56,071,304 < > For the nine months ending ' [ September 80, 1900, the show ^ ing Is equally gratifying. Tbns: REPUBLICAN. Nina months ending Septem ber 30,1900. Export..•1,031,686,401 Import*. 624,461,506 Bichi Export* .-• 407,224,895 Compare tht* with the record of the tlr*t nine month* of 1895, when Democratic theo ries ot foreign trade were put into practice; when a low tariff stimulated import*, and wh*n the Idleness ot American fac tories was a damper to onr ex ports. This record is as fol lows: DEMOCRATIC. Nin* month* ending feptem her 30,1895t Import*.$601,043,139 Expert*. 557,927.466 Bxc*** Import*_8 43,115,673 That, In a nutshell, is the dif ference between Democratic theory and Republican prac tice. While, our exports hire NEARLY DOUBLED, our Im port* are but slightly more than they were In Democratic days, and the increase I* en tirely dne to the greater de mand for manufacturers* ma terials which are used In our busy mills where American labor is actively employed at good wages. AS TO ISLAND ABANDONHENT What American Would Give Up the Fruits of Our Former Expansion Which Gave Us Such Big Returns from So Small an investment ? Carried to their logical conclusion, Mr. Bryan’s ideas about abandon ment of tbe Philippines would involve the retrocession of Florida and our domain west of the Mississippi river to the original owners, and presum ably by them back to tbe Indians. Let us ask a fair, straight question: As an American would you giro up one foot of that territory? The question scarcely needs tbe asking, and yet every stage of natural growth was opposed as strenuonsiy as the Bryan ites have opposed the retention of the Philippines. The cost of these additions to the country and the value of property now in the land so acquired are below: Cost. Louisiana purchase. $15,000,000 Florida cession. 6,000,000 Oregon country as recognised by various treaties.817,316.688 Texas, Mexican cession, Gadsden purchase. 41.000,000 3,201,724,507 Alaska.. 7,200,000 *200,000,000 Property Value. $5,737,5)46,791 182,553,238 $68,200,000 $10,199,541,204 • Property produced by. There is ten billion dollars and more from an investment of sixty-eight million dollars. A few years from now when American enterprise has full sway in the Philippines, when peace is wholly restored and property Is safe, a similar era of development will follow there, and the idea of abandonment will be ridiculed even by the Brynnites. “NOT imperialism; says a democrat. “Men who use their brains to think with are not to be bullied by phrases. ‘Imperialism,’ for instance. The Philippines are in point. A splendid naval victory has made us masters there. That imperialism which means the spreading of American power, free institutions, human happiness, is not imperialism to be feared by anybody who has faith in the vitality of this republic, and confidence in the Democratic principles on which it is found ed.”—Hearst’a New York Journal, Democratic, July 1, 1898. COMMERCIAL EXPANSION » - AND WHAT IT MEANS TO US “Oar trad* balances can not All to |Ith satisfaction to the people of the country. In 1808 we sold abroad $015,482,676 of products more than we bought abroad; In 1899 $520,874,818, and in 1900 $544,471,701, malting during the three years a total balance in oar Aror or $1,689, 770,100—nearly Are times the balance of trade In our faror for the whole period or 108 years from 1700 to June SO, 1807, Incioaire.”—William McKinley. Four great facts characterise the foreign commerce of the United States in the year 1900: 1. The total commerce of the year surpasses by $817,720,250 that of any preceding year, and for the first time in our history exceeds $2,000, 000,000. 2. The exports exceed those of any preceding year, and bare been more widely distributed throughout the world than ever before. 8. Manufacturers’ materials were more freely imported than ever be fore, and formed a larger share of the total imports than on any former occasion. 4. Manufactured articles were more freely exported than ever before, and formed a much larger eharj of the total exports than on any Armey occasion. Our trade in 1900 compares with that of 1804 as follows: Value 1009. Value 1804. Experts.$1,304,186,371 $654,004,622 Imports... 840,714,670 802,140,572 Total trade.....$2,243,031,041 $1,547,135,104 •544,471,701 Excess of Export! ia 1000 Excess of Imports in 1804. •237,145,030 Right in these two tables is the story of the commercial expansion of the United States and of the benefit of protecting onr own industries. As compared with 1804, onr imports bare decreased and onr exports hare 4oub e.i. The tnoreaae in exports has affected all classes of producers—farmers, manufacturers, lumbermen and miners hare all had a share in building up tbs marvelous export trade of the United Statea. Tne increase by classes Is shown In the following table: * 1 x ports. 1804, 1000. Agriculture.9628,363,038 •835,812,052 Manufactures. ..’. 183,728,808 432,284,366 Mining. 20,440,508 38,007,550 Forest. 28,600,620 52,300,484 Fisheries. 4,261,920 6,280,664 Miscellaneous. 4,400,044 4,682,142 The trade of the United States has grown with every largo and small country of the world. Europe is still our heaviest buyer, but Asia and Oceania show the greatest percentage of trade expansion. South Ameri can business has developed the least of all. The exports to the grand di visions in 1804 and f0OO ware: Exports, 1894 1900 Europe.9700,870,822 91,040,167,312 North America. 119,693,212 187,209,319 South America. 33,212,310 38,943,^21 Asia. 20,872,761 64,013,984 Oceania. 11,914,182 43,390,027 Africa. 4,923,839 10,460,109 Imports from these same grand divisions in the two years named com pare an follows: Imports, 1804, 1900 Europe.9295,077,383 9440,309,480 North America. 166,062,559 129,039,875 South America. 100,147,107 93,635,134 jCm |m. 66,186,397 139,817*023 Oceania... 21,437,923 . 34,396,042 Africa... . .. 8,497,338 * 11,217,116 The expansion of Am -rican foreign trade during the past three years has been the surprise and the envy of all other nations. American goods, American energy, Americait enterprise are usable in every part of the civilised world. Whether It be in supplying food to Europe, locomotives to Liberia, electrical goods and machinery to Australia, mining machinery to South Africa, or bridging the Nile at Atbara, American genius and push is everywhere to be seen. Commercial expansion was begun under Republican policies. It thrives under Republican encouragement. it enables home manufacturers and emyloyers generally to give oppor tunities to hundreds or thousands of men. > It enables the producing classes to find better and wider markets. Do you want it to continue? Do you want it to develop stilt more? A vote for McKinley and Roosevelt next month will be an answer that you do. ADMIRAL WATSON DENOUNCES DRYAN. Filipinos Would Be Quiet but for This Election. All that Remain Under Arms Are but Guerillas and Bandits and Only a Fraction of the Whole. Bear Admiral Watson, late commander of the American naval squadron in ori ental waters, has returned to this coun try, probably from his last cruise. He thinks the time has come for him to speak more as a "bitizen than as a naval officer, and bis opinion of the conditions In the Philippines is well worth rending. He says: “I am looking forward to the result of the presidential contest with anxiety r.nd deep interest, for 1 know what it means, not only to the future of our country as a power among the nations of the world, but to hundreds of thousands of people in the far-away Philippines, who wonder if we are going to step aside and wAtch their throats being cut by the Tagalog tribes now In arms ngainst us. “The great majority of the people of those islands look upon Aguinaldo and his party as enemies. The cry only serves to give them the thought of what will happen if American protection of their homes and lives is withdrawn. “I would like to correct a misconcep tion that exists in the minds of some peo ple concerning the officers and men of our army and navy. Can anybody be lieve that citizens who serve under our flag, and who are generally known here at home as peaceable and big-hearted men, are going to change their whole na ture as soon as they get out of sight of the United States? “Wherever in those islands an army post has been established for any length of time the neighboring populations have taken to heart the uttitude of our men toward them, and have been swift to show their gratitude. “Look at our own country. Has the American Indian ever had any truer friend than the soldier of Uncle Sam? Times innumerable the army officer has stepped in to save the red man from the rapacity of the civilian, and if in the hearts of our Indians there has ever grown up a feeling of loyalty and grati tude to the United States, that feeling has been planted there by the American soldier, once his bitterest and most rs lentless foe. “The vast majority of the people are beginning to realize what American role means. Once they were suspicious of us, naturally enough, for the Spaniards had lied to them for centuries. But they now. know that the word of an American offi cer and of the American President, from whose authority that word first comes, is as good as his bond. “I have followed my flag in many coun tries and on many seas. I have aeva yet seen it stand for oppression or bad faith with any people, weak or strong. And I know that it does not stand for bad faith now.” PORTO RICO IS SATISFIED. — Dr. J. H. Hollender, treasurer of the Island of Porto Rico, and formerly asso ciate professor of economics of the Johns Hopkins University, delivered an address to graduate students of the university — a few evenings ago, on the condition of the island. After describing the manner of government and the conditions of lo cal self-government, he said: “The condition of affairs is hopeful, and everywhere the best element of the island is rallying to the support of Mr. McKinley's administration. The feeling is growing among the people that the ad ministration is doing its best to benefit the island. What Porto Rico needs is an intelligent appreciation of the real . conditions of Americans. I do not now think that an intelligent man could feel that the Porto Rico tariff was anything but a necessary fiscal device. We need, $2,000,000 for the island if we are to. accomplish anything. The alternatives of the turiff law were either a subsidy from the United States, or else the pau pcrizatioii of the island. At the present time if the alternatives were presented of deriving the necessary money from di rect tuxation or from the tariff, the de cision would be overwhelmingly in favor of the tariff. The discontent that once existed was caused by the delay that oc curred in taking any action at all.”