DAIRY AND POULTRY.
INTERESTING CHAPTERS FOR
OUR RURAL READERS.
Dow Successful Farmers Operate This
Department of the Farm—A Few
Hints as to the Care of live Stock
Md Poultry.
csfvOT long since tbe
' writer was in a
large restaurant,
and on a side table
was a large vesselin
which was heaped
eStwenty or more
pounus Ul UUU1U1UU
cottage cheese,
which was being
rapidly sold for ten
cents a pound, and
wewere informed that the sales amount
ed to hundreds of pounds weekly, and
brought in no inconsiderable revenue
as a by-product of a not distant cream
ery. This cheese is nothing but milk
allowed to thicken and then is cooked
and “wheyed off” and simply prepared,
not even pressed into cakes. Here was
a hint, says a correspondent of the
Practical Parmer,that might have been
i made of service to many. Numbers
of farms have a few cows, and there
seems only one way to dispose of the
milk, that of making butter. Why
should not these women who spend
hours a day in making butter to ex
change for groceries at eight cents a
pound make the milk into cottage
cheese, and have it sold at some fam
ily supply house, or even find
a few customers and furnish as
they would butter. There is no
great margin of profit as there
once was in butter and cheese
making, and if the by-products of the
dairy room could be better utilized, or
the milk Itself turned into new chan
nels, and made into some of what are
known as the fancies, or even dain
ties, it would seem that it would be the
more profitable way. Now that this
country is to consume all of its butter
and cheese, it would suggest itself as
a business proposition that the meth
ods of manufacture take on wider
range, and Instead of just butter and
cheese, we should have a variety of the
cheeses, and put up in its many fancy
forms. Last year, as low as was the
price of cheese, this country imported
a million and a half dollars’ worth of
fancy cheese from Europe. Why not
make this variety at home?
Using the Separator.
f In running a separator do not have
the milk needlessly warm, says Ameri
can Dairyman. Mr. Wagener, instruc
tor in butter-making at Cornell Univer
sity, teaches that 80 degrees is better
than a higher temperature. He believes
that probably the most important point
in running a separator is the thickness
of the cream, and says: Adjust your
separator so that your cream will be as
thick asyoucanchurn. By this I meanas
thick as can be and yet fall from end to
end of a revolving churn and not stick
to the sides when churning. Such
cream will generally contain 35 to 45
per cent of fat. I consider this a very
important point. Cream containing 40
per cent of fat will churn more quick
ly and leave less fat in the buttermilk
at 55 degrees than will cream contain
ing 18 to 20 per cent at 60 degrees. The
secret of quick churning at the very
low temperature—52 to 55 degrees,
which we know to be the best—is to
have your cream very rich. This is an
advantage you cannot secure from cold
settings, it being difficult to obtain
cream of this class with much over 18
to 20 per cent of fat. The second point
of great importance is to cool the cream
at once to a low temperature—at least
65 degrees—and hold it there for a
few hours before warming it up to ripen.
Whenever, in summer time, we are
troubled with cream that coagulates
before it gets much acid, or with dif
ferent churnings, which some of us
have, I feel sure that chilling the cream
directly from the separator will help
greatly. We shall get better grain,
better flavor, and more satisfactory re
sults in every way. I believe that this
natter of careless handling of cream
after it is separated is the rock upon
which many butter-makers split.
Feeding Poultry on Farms.
The time has been when poultry
Was not thought deserving any atten
tion at all from the farmer. It was as
much out of his line as baking bread
or sweeping the rooms of the dwelling
house. The hens were allowed to go
anywhere on the farm in the winter;
but they remained near the cattle,
seeking food wherever they could find
a morsel. Sometimes the farmer’s
wife, with‘her sympathy for helpless
creatures, would laboriously wend her
way'through the snow to give her pets
a mess of corn; but so far as the far
mer himself was concerned, he didn’t
consider them worthy of notice. But
the present day the farmer is more
prone to make his mistakes in over
doing the work and in using little
judgment in feeding. He feeds liber
ally but depends too much on grain.
A slight change in the food will some
times accomplish much. When the
hens have been given corn exclusively
they require something that is radi
cally different. Lean meat or a ration
composed of bran or linseed meal may
start the hens to laying, simply because
such food is Just what they require.
Grain is deficient in mineral matter,
and also abounds largely in starch.
Foods that contain less starch and
more mineral matter and nitrogen will
be a change that will cheapen the cost
of the food, because more eggs will be
the result. Corn is not favored as a
summer food, because it is too heat
ing and too fattening; but there is an
advantage in feeding corn to fowls
that are intended for market. Do not
atten^t to fatten fowls on nothing but
corn, as they suffer from indigestion.
Xet the fowls receive three meals a
day, and of a variety of anything that
they will eat, allowing a mess of chop
ped grass or clover, and give the corn
at night, as much as the hens will eat.
Every other day give a mess of equal
parts of bran and ground oats, with a
gill of linseed meal in the mixture for
a dozen hens. Keep the poultry house
clean, and the fowls will fatten rap
idly.
Diphtheria In Fowl*.
This disease is common in the fall
months, says Farm Journal. We have
already had several inquiries indicat
ing that it has come to the flocks of
our readers. The first symptom usu
ally noticed is heavy, difficult breath
ing and a stretching up of the neck.
After awhile the comb turns purple
and the bird suffocates. We do not
know of any “sure cure” for this very
troublesome complaint, but recom
mend a trial of the following: Take
a large, long shoe box and make a par
tition a foot from the small end and
cover the bottom of this small apart
ment with coal ashes. Mix a table
spoonful each of pine tar, turpen
tine and sulphur, adding a few drops
of carbolic acid and a pinch of gum
camphor. Heat a brick very hot and
lay it on the ashes. Now put the bird
or birds in the large apartment, drop
a spoonful of the mixture on the hot
brick and cover with a cloth. Watch
carefully and be ready to remove the
patients at once after two or three
minutes’ exposure to the fumes. It is
easy to kill them by suffocation. An
examination will show a whitish mem
brane forming in the throat. The for
mation of this may sometimes be
checked by spraying the throat with
peroxide of hydrogen or with this
formula: 1 ounce glycerine, 5 drops
nitric acid, 1 gill water. All affected
birds should be separated from the
general flock, and care should be exer
cised in handling them, as it is thought
the contagion may be communicated
to human beings. Those who use
homeopathic remedies should give
Mercurius Iodatum every two hours.
Breed a Good Horse.
Should the farmer breed a foal that
promises well for the turf he may sell
It at a good profit, but the moment he
undertakes to develop it and profit by
its racing qualities, he makes a de
posit against which his checks will
not be honored. But the farmer may
breed a high class roadster, a coach
horse, or a draft horse, and if the
mating of the sire and dam is done
intelligently, and proper care is given
the foal, he will be assured of success.
But the quality cannot be neglected.
The sire and dam must represent what
you want in the foal. Should the sire
and dam not possess breeding, but
are the result of accident, you are not
assured that they will reproduce them
selves. The cheapness of the services
of a cross roads stallion should not
recommend him. Look first for con
tinued breeding in the line you desire
then individuality, and the reasonable
ness of the price may be considered
afterward. But you should remember
that the services of a well bred ani
mal with good individuality are worth
more and can not be offered for the
price of the scrub. The produce of
the one promises a profit on your in
vestment, while the other will prove
deceptive and in all probability bring
you in debt. Horses demanded by the
present and future markets can not be
grown in herds on the western ranches
like cattle. "Free grass” will not make
the massive draft animal, the high
stepping coacher, or the stylish, shape
ly driver. Herd life will not contrib
ute to that desirable disposition which
adds so much to the value of an ani
mal when called upon for service.—
J. R. Rippey.
Good Poultry Inhibits.
We have noticed at some of the fairs
this year that the poultry exhibits were
especially fine. We presume the same
is true of most of the fairs we did not
visit. There certainly appears to be a
steady Improvement in the character
of the birds shown. If all would visit
the poultry departments of the fairs
much might be learned. There are
little Improvements in feeding, water
ing and care that will more than repay
the close attention needed to discover
them. The poultry men are all the
time hitting on new devices and some
of them are very original. A little
thing sometimes becomes a great con
venience. The hard times have evi
dently not discouraged the poultry
men. The large number of birds ex
hibited shows conclusively that the fu
ture prospects are regarded as fairly
bright. It is probable that the hard
times have had less effect on the
poultry Industry than most any other.
Geese are fattened in large numbers
in some places of the European conti
nent, especially in the neighborhood of
Strasburg—a place celebrated for its
pies. There geese have a shepherd to
tend them, as sheep have. The birds
are reared by the peasantry, every one
of whom is possessed of some Btock of
these valued fowls, and, says Rural
Life (an old English work), the shep
herd every morning wakes the echoes
of the village by the sound of a trum
pet, with which he assembles his
feathered flock, which, in company of
a herd of pigs, repair to the pasture on
the common devoted to that purpose.
In the evening the shepherd leads back
his flock, but before they arrive at the
village almost all the geese take flight,
rise above the roofs and settle down in
their respective homes.
Raising Lilacs.—It is an easy way of
raising lilacs to sow the seed. The pods
are gathered in the fall and sown in
the spring. They soon sprout, but
make only two or three inches of
growth the first year. It is these seed
ings which give the new sorts, and to
them we are indebted for the many
shades of color, running from white to
purple.—Ex.
•‘fi’Jien.
P AY, Bill, ’sposo we
^ fellows give Widow
■J Gray a regular sur
v prise party Thanks
giving eve.
“I heard those
Maitland boys
Dragging to little Tom Gray
fi fty '*.-* ing they were going to have,
and-Tom said, ‘I guess we used to have
as good a time as anybody when father
was alive; but mother says we mustn’t
expect a turkey or a mince pie this
year.’
"I lay awake last night ever so long,
and planned it all out You and I will
go up to ’Squire Fiske—father says lie's
got a big' heart—and I shouldn’t won
der, if we tell him how hard Widow
Gray works to get along and keep the
boys at school, if he’ll give the turkey,
and then the biggest thing of all will
be oft ray mind.
“Then I want at least six pumpkins,
and here comes in the fun—these ‘sur
prise pumpkins’ will be such pumpkins
as you’ve never seen in all your life.
You just come up to our barn to-night,
at seven o’clock, and bring your pock
etknife, sharpened up, and I’ll show
you what I mean by ‘surprise pump
And seven o’clock that November
night found as jolly and happy a half
dozen boys as you’d wish to see, col
lected in Mr. Emery’s barn. Six of the
biggest pumpkins—one oval in shape
—and six boys and six knives busy at
work on the straw-covered floor.
what a splendid Thanksgiv
THIS WAS THE PROGRAMME.
First the pumpkins were cut in two
parts, about two-thirds from the base;
then both parts were scooped out, leav
ing the yellow rind about an inch in
thickness; then a green willow withe
or switch was cut the right length and
put Into the smallest part of the divid
ed pumpkin (the cover), for a handle.
Then the boys put a thin coat of var
nish over their work, and left to dry
on a shelf in the barn a row of splendid
new-fashioned orange-colored dishes
and covers!
The next three days were busy days,
I can tell you, for the surprise party;
but ’Squire Fiske gave the turkey add
the “fixings”—celery and cranberries
—and Joe’s mother made a real Yan
kee plum-pudding; and Will’s sister
made two such pies, as Will said—
mince and squash—and the other boys'
mothers and sisters made doughnuts
and cookies and all sorts of "goodies"
for the Thanksgiving tea.
On Thanksgiving eve, at eight p. ra.,
might have been seen a torchlight pro
cession moving across the mea low
from Mr. Emery’s barn, and along the
lane that led to Widow Gray’s cottage
at the other end of the village. And
this was the programme:
Two boys with Chinese lanterns; two
little Chinamen hearing on a pole be
tween them a real Chinese tea-chest
filled with tea and sugar; wheelbar
row, alternately wheeled by Joe Em
ery and Will Somerby. On each side of
the barrow two pumpkins containing
pies, doughnuts, etc. One pumpkin in
front with celery and cranberries;
lacge oval pumpkin in the center with
turkey, decorated with laurel sprigs;
spaces filled up with white potatoes and
sweet potatoes; at the head of the bar
row, on pole; a little banner—“A
Thanksgiving greeting from the
friends of Mrs. Gray."
Now, don’t you think Joe Emery’s
was a new and jolly "pumpkin lark ?”
B. P.
OME from Hamlot
and city.
Home o’er river
and sea,
The boys and girli
|Let Us Be Thankful, j
are coming
jr*- To keep Thanks
y£iy* | giving with me,
Hugh is a judge, they tell
me,
And John is a learned di
vine.
They were always more
than common,
Those sturdy lads of
mine.
Laura, my pride, my darling,
And my little Rosalie,
And tbe children all are coming
To keep Thanksgiving with me.
The great world’s din is softened
Ere it reaches this abode.
This mountain fa»m, that lieth
Under the smile of God.
So open the doors and windows.
And let in the golden air,
Sweep out the dust and cobwebs.
And make the old home fair.
For swift from Hamlet and city
Swift over river and sea,
My hoys and girls are hasting
To keep Thanksgiving with me.
—Agnes Kincaid.
Thankful.
"I don’t see what makes people go to
football games on Thanksgiving Day,”
remarked his wife. “It hasn’t any
thing to do with the spirit of the oc
casion.”
“Oh, yes, it has," was the reply. “I
never went to a football game in my
life that I didn’t feel tremendously
thankful that I wasn’t one of the play
ers.”—Ex.
The above goes very well with the
experience of the little girl, who, locked
up the dog in a dark closet while the
family were at church Thanksgiving
Day, so that he might be thankful
when they came home and let him out.
Turkey Humor.
Old Turkey—Are you trying to If
anything by this year?
Young Turkey—No, I shall he sat.s
fled if I can only keep ahead until after
Thanksgiving.
Cream of Chestnuts Croutons
Fricassee of Oysters
Olives
Roast Turkey Giblet Stuffing
Cranberry Sauce
Mashed Potatoes Diced Turnip
New Cider Apollinarls
White Velvet Sherbet
Roast Duck Currant Jelly
Hominy Brussels^ Sprouts
Apple and Celery Salami
Cheese Wafers
Thanksgiving Plum Pudding Hard
Sauce J
Squash Pie Mince 1’ie
I'ruit Nuts Gonfectk'nery
- Coffer
•r . . . _ f
HI* Grip on Fame.
The Chap Book tells a story of a well
known huntress in London who in her
own drawing room introduced John
Drew to a gentleman named Monte
flore. She eulogized Mr. Drew’s abili
ties and the genius of his acting, the
Drew family's talent, and after she had
said all that was possible about him
she thought it was necessary to say
something nice about Mr. Montefiore.
She hesitated a moment, and then,
turning to Mr. Drew, remarked. "Yon
may remember that his favorite uncle
was frightfully mangled on the under
ground last year."
Two bottles of Plso’s Cure for Consump
tion cured me of a bad lung trouble.—Mrs.
J. Nichols, Princeton, Ind. March 26, 1895.
General Horace Porter, in his “Cam
paiging with Grant” in the Christmas
Centurv, deals with Ueneral Grant’s
demeanor during the battle of the
wilderness. General Porter says that
even during the most critical moments,
General Grant manifested no percep
tiblo anxiety, but that he was visibly
affected by the sight of blood. During
the second day of the battle Grant
smoked about twenty strong cigars, bis
highest record in the use Of tobacco.
When bilious or costivo.eat a casoaret
candy cathartic, cure guaranteed. 10c,
25c.
How to Cm Fur.
If any one happens to have on hand
some short, broad pieces of fur which
are not heavy in appearance, Bhe may
utilize them, especially if they should
be ermine, for the bolero fronts of
an evening waist. One of the lovliest
frocks I have seen this winter was
trimmed in that way.
HIS
IS THE
TIME
of year .. ..
r when men..
and women ..
become weak
ened bv ..r=r=J
the weath
er. and run
gener
.. The
down
ally. .
first parts that
the weather
affects are the
kidneys. The
urea is not
thrown off,
but is forced
back upon the
lungs, and dis
ease results
—caused by
weakness of
the kidneys.
Large*bottle, or new style,
smaller one »t your c1ruegis**e
HERE 18
ONLY ONE
8URE WAY
known to medical
men for prompt
ly checking
troubles of the
kidneys and re- ”
storing these great
organs to health
1 and strength, and
| that is by the use of
It has stood the*t
test of time; it has
saved thousands of
lives; it has restor
ed millions of suf
ferers to health;
it has done what
was never done,
never attempted
before; it has made
men stronger and
healthier; it has
made .. women
brighter and hap
pier; .. it stands
alone in all these
qualities. Do you
not think it would
be wise for you to
use it and thus
avoid the dangers
of the season ? In
sist upon having it.
Alligator Faahlon.
“I like the looks of the high starding
collar.” said Cholly. “The only objec
tion I’ve against it is that when you
chew gum you have to hold your jaw
still and move the whole top of your
yead, you know. V—Chicago Tribune.
Coe'* Coagh Bahaa
Is tbs oldest aiul best It will break up a cold qnieksr
than anything else. It in always reliable. Try It.
To give and grudge is no tetter than not
to give at alL_- *!
lira. Wlnalow's Soothing hrrnp
For children teethtng.soften* the gums, reduces Inflam
mation, allays pain, cures wind colic. 26 cents a bottle.
->
There are 1,800 women postal clerks in
England.
“K will go ; , j
away after awhile.” i
That’s what people Bay when i
advised to take something to j
cure that cough. j
Have you ever noticed that :
the cough that goes fjyay after ■
awhile takes the cougher along ? <
Ami kt doesn't com* back /
Ayer’s j
Cherry Pectoral I
Cures Coughs.
Comfort to
California. ?
IBndington'
I Route *
tow
Every Thursday morning,*
tourist sleeping car for Den
vit.Salt Lake City.^an Fran
cisco, und Loe Angeles leaves
Omaha and Lincoln via the
IJurllngton Route.
It is carpeted, upholstered
In rattan, has spring seat*
and backs and is provided
with curtains, bedding
els.soan.etc. Anexperli
excursion conductor and
uniformed * ullman porter
accompany It through to the
Pacific Coast.
While neither as expen
sively finished nor as fine to
look at as a palace sleeper.lt
Is Just as good to ride In. sec
ond class tickets are honored
and the price of a berth.wide
enough and big enough for
two, Is only |V
For a foldor giving full
particulars write to
J. Francis, Gen’l Pass’r Agent, Omaha,Net*
WW MISSOURI.
The best fruit section in the West. No
drouths. A failure of crops never known.
Mild climate. Productive solL Abundance of
good pure water.
For Maps and Circulars giving full desorlp
tlon of the Rich Mineral. Fruit und Agricultu
ral Lands in South West Missouri, write to
JOHN M. PURDY. Manager of the Missouri
Land and Live Stock Company, Neosho, New*
ton Co., Missouri.
PORT PIIRVK Having been In the produce
nUKJI run* 10 business 20 years. am well ec*
Commission Mer- qunlntrd with the wants of the
chant. Omaha. trade; consequently ran obtain
WANTKI)! the highest prices. Ain prompt
Batter. Kggs, Poul- In making returns, and respon*
try, Game, Veal, sible. References: Any bank
Hides Etc. In the state.
sjn* it
Mrs. Burton Harrison,
ONE OF THE POPULAR WRITERS FOR 1S97.
Celebrating in 1807 its seventy-first birthday.
The Companion offers its readers many excep
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A delightful supply of fascinating Stories, Adventures, Serial JS
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THE YOUTH’S COMPANION, Boston, Mass.
Rev. J. 0. Nacke of Carroll, Iowa, writes on Nov. 11, 1896:
“Let me acknowledge the receipt of your enquiry regarding your
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