| D4IRY aND POULTRY. * INTERESTING chapters for I OUR RURAL READERS. ’• .' Bow Socreeefal Farmer. Operate nil Department of the Farm—A Few -- - ' Biota me to the Care of Lire Stock and E*»UJTF* _ (if. -V RS. A. L. SMITH, Gibson county, «n diana.—I have bad considerable expe rience with the fault mentioned above. I have tried fa number of reme dies, but have found nothing so effective as Cheng s' * ing them to new quarters, and watching them closely for a few days, getting each egg as it- Is laid. Several years ago I broke a fine lot of Black Lang shans of this habit. This year I had a lot of White Javas that got the habit and I broke them in the same way. The cause is chiefly confinement in close runs. I had to shut up my fowls for several days in the house and that is where they learned the habit. I put them into a new run and gathered the eggs as fast as they were laid for a few days and the habit was soon bro ken'Up. When I have a hen that is sit ting and brings off an egg every time she cojtqes from the nest I cover up her sitting place and take her out and feed and Water her every morning, giving her meat scraps if I have any. I do this if or several mornings and after that I have no trouble. I practice tak ing off my hens, feeding them, and putting them back on the nest, cover ing the eggs with a warm cloth while the heps are off. I use incubators but usually have some bens sitting toward the end of the season. I had one egg eatsf this season, but soon broke her as above. Hens will not eat eggs if they have proper animal food. A mor bid appetite is the cause. It I should find one that could not be broken by the fteatment that I have mentioned 1 would take her off the eggs tor a few days and put another hen on them (as I generally have supernumeraries) and give the egg eater a few china eggs to practice on. She would forget her old habit ita a few days. One way that hens learn Ho eat eggs is by having too many hens laying in the same nest. 8ome.jof the eggs are broken, and in this,way the habit is begun. Whole eggs or half egg shells thrown to them will teach them to break eggs; that was the way my Langshans learned the trick and my Javas learned it by being kept shut up where they were idle. Now when I feed egg shells I al ways crush them. I now have about 400 chicks. Of the older broods there will weigh eight pounds. The next brood are three weeks younger, and I have two other broods (incubator) at Intervals of three weeks in age. The four- broods consist of White Javas, Whlfe Cochins, White Langshans, and White Plymouth Rocks with a few half-breed Javas with the latter birds. V, * • • Ruben 0. Porter, Emmet county, Michigan.—I have had some trouble with! hens eating their eggs In the nest* where they were laid, but none eating them when they were sitting Make the nests in kegs and cannot get at them and will op the habit • • e F. J. Marshall, Butler county, Ohio.— Tes, {rfhave had some experience with •the egg eaters. It is a pernicious habit and hard to break up if several get at it at the same time. The beat way then Is tojhjake a neat slanting so that the «K8 Cil roll out of the reach and sight of tbfihen as soon as it is laid. Care should be taken that the construction of the new is such that the eggs will not beJunken as they roll away. Con flne&bens are most apt to contract this hiiM. I have also bad hens that were sitting eat their eggs. They would brtyfcg oft an egg with them every time they, came oft to eat and keep up the haW$ till the egga were all gone. Such bent usually break an egg when get tln#on the nest and then take it out wltknhcm next time they go to feed. I nevel could remedy this to my satis faction. Nests for sitters should not be deep'at point of entrance as that con dition is most likely to result in bro ken eggs. I think that if they did not get sin egg broken at first they would noraarry them off, but the smeared egp^make them worse. Whenever an eggjphas been broken and the other eg|y Bmeared they should be at once wphed in lukewarm water and the nests made dark, if possible. Dehorning Col to. tie ought not to have horns. We ■liere that today. It Is best to them off. There are as good Is of the beef breeds that are it that have horns. It is time horns were bred off the milk Next best is to prevent the starting on the calf. It is not inutes* time, nor one cent's ex to do it 1 have dehorned many and never Tailed or made a sore hefcd. -After using patented fluids and calstli ■Stic potash, I now use common con oeMgated lye, such as the women use far breaking water and making soap. Wap the calf is less than ten days •mRi the right time. Simply wet the i ■ ' ■ m bump where you expect the horn and rub on as much powdered lye as will equal three grains of corn. Do not wet Elsewhere. Let the calf alone thereafter. The scabs will come oil and .thmhair will grow out as nicely asp* alktural poll. I do not see that the fighting or butting haMt Is devel oped1 in these dehorned calves. A Jersey bull four years eld would have killed my brother had he had horns. He got him down in the pasture and *o one was near to help. A shepherd dag cams to the rescue. I ask Dr. Smcad if it is possible to produce polls by dehorning in this way? It Is against scientific teaching it I mistake not, yet I had a heifer, a thoroughbred Shorthorn as I thought, haring raised her, that had been dehorned at calf hood and breeding her to our St. Lam bert bull, also dehorned when a calf, the result is a perfect poll. I am sure of these facts, yet they upset my theories of heredity somewhat.—Jos eph E. Wing. * I can dehorn 100 calves for 10 cents. That sounEds big, but it is true. I take the calf from three to five days old and use concentrated lye, a 10-cent box. I take a pair of shears, clip the hair over the nub about the size of a nickel, dampen, but not enough to run down the side of the head, put what will lay on point of knife on nub and rub a little with fin ger and the job is done. It will form a scab, which will come oft itself. I have never had a miss yet. I think it very cruel to cut off the horns. I saw one cow faint away after cutting off her horns.—A. P. J. In National Stock man. Oleo In Franca. The French chamber of deputies has passed a very stringent measure by which It is made Illegal for dealers In butter to keep oleo for sale, or vice versa; the fraudulent compositions are only to be sold at places especially de signed by the municipality of each town. Moreover, all boxes, firkins, or other packages containing oleo, must bear the word "margarine” In large chararters, and a full description must be given of the elements employed In making the composition. In the retail trade all oleo must be placed In bags, on the outside ofw hlch are to be found a description of the article with the name and address of the vendor. Full authority is given to the Inspectors to enter butter factories and shops, and take specimens for analysis; in the event of the specimens being found pure the cost ylll be borne by the state. The penalties for an infraction of the new law will vary from six days’ to three monthB’ imprisonment, and a fine of $20 to $1,000, while In the event of the same person being convicted a second time within a year, the maxi mum fine will also be imposed. There will also be a heavy fine imposed on persons who place blnderance in the way of the Inspectors. Judicious rwdln| of Csttle, In an address, E. P. Lee said: “If we would ho successful breeders of cat tle, we should give to our cows an abundant supply of healthful food, proper shelter and exercise; then select the best bull we can afford to purchase, for crossing with .them; and when this is accomplished, we have employed more or less imperfectly all the pro cesses under which the domestic ani mals of the same species develop into breeds. Good food, or the lack of it, exercise in moderation or excess, shel ter or exposure, and selection or care lessness in crossing, these make up the sum total of the influences which modi fy constantly, for better or for worse, our horses and cattle, hogs and sheep. The form, constitution, and temper of every domestic animal is, aside from the characteristics of the species, the effect of the Interplay of these causes. Judicious feeding, careful treatment in shelter and exercise, and skilful selec tion for coupling, are the key notes to the breeders’s art. If one of these be lacking, breeding is nearly a failure. If all are defective, the animals that result are well night worthless. We must be careful in regard to mating. .The breeder should notice the defects of the female he wishes to breed, and couple her with a male as nearly per fect as possible; and especially strong in the point where she is weak, and by so doing for a few generations, we shall have arrived at nearly perfection. Sheep. The history of sh iep husbandry dates back to almost as remote a period as that of man, and from that time to the present, has justly occupied a promi nent position in the commerce of all civilized nations of the world, being a source of luxury, ornament and profit, and when John Randolph of Roanoke publicly proclaimed that he would at any time go a mile out of his way to kick a sheep, he virtually asserted that It would be a luxury to abuse his best friend. I do not propose in this brief essay to give the origin or history of the various families or kinds of sheep, but will view the subject as it exists in our country at the present time, as a branch of mixed husbandry. That a flock of sheep 1b a necessity on the farm I unhesitatingly assert. As la borers in the field they are industrious and thorough, feeding upon briars and many other species of vegetable ver min, consuming much of all kinds of forage, both in summer and winter, that ■is-rejected by other stock and convert ing it into and distributing over the field a more valuable fertilizer than it would be1n a crude state.—C. C. Mor ton. -■/* r> a 'i '.'2m..-' •&>;•< .. ‘ FHdlat Vsteh Bay. As a preliminary report for the pur pose of answering some questions re garding the feeding of vetch hay, I present a brief summary of results of our experience in feeding this mate rial. We have fed the vetch hay to fattening steers, and to cows giving milk, and in both cases the results have been very satisfactory. It was compared with clover hay in both in stances. The steers made good gains when receiving vetch hay as the only dry food, except the grain. Two steers were fed 43 days on the vetch hay, and gained 3.07 pounds and 2.01 pounds respectively, per day. Those fed on clover hay gained 2.16 poundi and 3.56 pounds respectively. IThe vetch when properly cured is relished by all kinds of stock. It must not stand until too ripe before cutting. When fed to milch cows the flow of milk and per cent of butter fat was maintained throughout the test, which extended over a period of 45 days. As a cheap substitute for clover hay the vetch seems to answer the demand very satisfactorily. It Is an annual, conse quently must be sown every year. In this respect it can not be compared with clover. As a fertilizing crop, It is not as good as clover for It does not root as deeply, nor loosen the soil as completely as clover.—H. T. French, Oregon Experiment Station. Egg Etiting Hens. I have had some hens eat their eggs where laid, but find that It almost al ways occurs in midwinter or early spring when the birds are short ot grit. It generally commences by lay ing soft shelled eggs or laying off the roosts at sight, when they have an op portunity to roll the eggs around and peck at them. When the spring is fairly on and the laying season In full swing, I have never been bothered ex cept by an occasional case, and if I can detect that hen off goes her head. My sitting hens never bother me by eating the eggs set under them, unless I happen to put in an egg that has a very soft shell and it gets broken in the nest, or in some case where the nest is made in such a manner that the hen has to drop into it from too great height,, and thus accidentally break an egg. But those accidents I usually guard against after one experi ence. As to treatment, if it is an iso lated case of egg eating and I can find the hen I chop her head off. But If in early spring or in the winter a mania seems to seize them for egg eating I scatter china nest eggs on the floor and in the nests, and keep all eggs picked up as fast as they are laid for a few days and find no difficulty in stopping the habit in this way. Joseph Murphy. Delta County, Michigan. Medium Hogs for Market.—Drovers’ Journal: Big corn means big hogs. Big hogs means lots of lard, big hams and big pork, which is now, and is liable to remain a heavy drug on the market. The January flurry in the prices of hogs and provisions made ev erybody feel bullish, and the conse quence was farmers and feeders held their hogs long after they ought to have been shipped. While cellars and storehouses have been crowded with heavy, fat stuff that nobody seemed to want, packers say they cannot possibly supply the demand for bacon and cuts of pork made from light hogs at prices considerably above board of trade quo tations. There is nothing like supply ing the demand with what it Wants, and holding already heavy hogs to simply store more cheap corn into them is folly. Better sell the hogs when they are at the most desirable weights and save the corn, which will come in handy. 8Hos.—Prof. Georgeson at the Kan sas Dairy association convention said: “I would like to Indorse the question of silos. We have had fifty-six head of cattle, which we wintered last year, and they were wintered for six months on the corn that was raised on twenty acres or a little less; all put in the silo. They were fed an average of forty pounds of ensilage per day. We began feeding it the latter part of October and it lasted until the middle of May. They got nothing else except a little corn stalks fed in the daytime. It kept them in good condition. The Shorthorns and those cows which we did not care to feed for milk did not get a grain of anything else.” New York Milk.—Mr. Van Valken burg, assistant commissioner of agri culture for New York, said to a re porter for The World, in relation to milk as the farmers send it in: "About four cans in one hundred show adul teration. They show an average of about 10 per cent of adulteration by watering or skimming. This repre sents only about sixteen quarts of water added to 4,000 quarts of milk. I claim that there are no two cities in the United States that are supplied with milk so nearly up to the stand ard made by the state legislature of New York as in New York and Brook lyn.” Fast-Walking Farm Horses.—Any good breed of trotting horses, or any horse which has thoroughbred blood in its veins, can by practice be made to walk fast. No common-bred animal can be made a fast walker. A fast walker is made by careful exercise in that gait and it is a delightful one for a traveler if his steed walks Jour or five miles an hour. It is also very im portant to the farmer to have a fast walking team; but it depends much on the rider or driver whether a horse ever attains this highly esteemed quality.—Farm and Home. Danger in Holding Stock.—The farmer who “holds for a rise” does not always get it. He loses a double in terest, for the farmer who has money in hand can save twice the legal in terest by buying all his needed winter supplies in bulk and by paying cash for them. After stock is ready for market there is a probability that the added cost of feeding will offset any increase in value. Air Space for Cows.—The depart ment of animal industry considers that each cow should have at least 600 cubic ieet of air space. A diet of fruit and milk, it is said, will reduce flesh at the rate of five pounds a week. It has been found impossible to build a lighthouse on Diamond Shoal, off Hatteras, but the government will put in a lightship at once, and she will be the strongest ever made. ABOUT ARMOR PLATE. I . - i FACTS REGARDING ITS COST— I SOME RECENT CONTRACTS. The "Invasion of Their Territory'* Decried In Europe—New Orders Placed by the Russian Government—American Armor Plate Best In the World. Some Oregon papers have published a few careless errors regarding the cost of armor plate, errors that are the result of insufficient acquaintance with, or inquiry into, the subject. The re flections upon the contracts entered Into by the democratic secretary of the navy, Mr. Herbert, are equally as unfounded as those upon the policy of protection, which has alone enabled us to supply armor plate second to none in the world for use in the construction of American vessels. The importance of this American independence has been fully appreciated by democrats and republicans alike. The construction of the plant was expensive, and the ad ministrations of both political parties have deemed it to be the duty of our government to encourage the estab lishment of industries of such high na tional importance. From one of the Oregon papers we quote as follows: The Bethlehem company was the lowest bidder for the “Kentucky,” and the Carnegie company for the “Kear sarge” armor. The prices per ton ranged from $515 to $628. From this it is apparent that there was collusion in the bidding. The Carnegies got one ship and the Bethlehem works the other. The law that keeps out foreign competition is responsible for this rob bery of the people. The Portland Ore gonian in mentioning this matter says: “It was developed by the recent in vestigation that it costs about $300 per ton to make armor. Bids for the ‘Kearsarge’ and ‘Kentucky’ armor range from $500 to $600. There are only two companies, and each one got one ship. One of these concerns sells armor to Russia for about $300 per ton. It might be well for us to invite bids from France, Germany and Great Britain.” This is a distortion of the facts, and evidently for the sole purpose of mis leading the public. With a difference of $113 per ton in the price it is direct proof that there was not “collusion in Agricultural Products of tin Unfed Stake, ftsrtaUd m ForeujTi Countries r 1891 Hears ending Juki 30: 1993 1894 Irn'iiUatt [OoMart teas \ .n \flV5 Km\gj| Prospict oj •fTeeTrade' 1 Garmon J ‘taplun'iy the Tflark&is of the World” the bidding.” Each company bid lower than the other on certain classes of ar mor for which its respective shops are better fitted for doing certain classes of work. A close figuring, moreover, between the two plants proves the ef fect of competition and shows that the government is not paying any exor bitant price for the work. This armor has been awarded by the honorable secretary of the navy, 3,007' tons to the Carnegie company and 2,658 tons to the Bethlehem company. He did not give the armor for one ship to each company, as stated. The average price of this armor was ?52 per ton be low the price of the 1893 contract, and the average price only |497 per ton, not including.the cost for Harveyizing. Any person who had taken the trouble to analyze the tenders and the award would have seen at a glance that there could not possibly have been any col lusion between the two companies. In regard to the small lot of armor plate sold to the Russian government at about $300 per ton by the Betblehem company, it is well known that this was considerably below the cost of production. The sale was made for two purposes. One of these was to keep the American plant busy and af ford work to skilled American labor, even at a loss to the employers, as is often done by manufacturers. The .other reason was to let Russia and all Europe know that the United States could furnish armor plate of a quality that would compare favorably with the best in the world. This object was certainly achieved, for European man ufacturers very strongly resented what they were pleased to term the "inva sion of their territory” by American concerns. To "capture the markets of the world” was supposed to be the main object of the democratic tariff; therefore it 13 difficult to discern the reason for the carping western criti cism. Ample proof that the sale to Russia, at about $300 per ton, was far below cost has since been afforded by the evi dence before the senate investigating committee. Since then orders have been given by the Russian govern ment to the Bethlehem and Carnegie companies at prices ranging from $525.58 to $5.35.32 per ton. No country in the world demands such severe re quirements for armor as the United States government, and, even taking this into consideration, the prices be ing paid at present for armor by the United States government are no higher than those paid by the admiral ties of France, Germany and Great Britain. If the ballistic requirements were also taken into consideration, the price of armor in America is in reality lower than in England and on the European continent. The “Rebuke.” Ill I A vote for Grover Cleveland Is a vote against a tariff for bounties and to rebuke the conversion of a surplus Into a deficiency.—New York World, November 7, 1892. That Snjjnr Bounty Hold Up. At last the democratic administra tion is forced to execute the laws of the country after months of deliberate and dishonest attempts to cheat the American sugar producers. No such disgraceful effort to tamper with na tional legislation has ever been wit nessed. Evasions, shiftiness, quibbles, humbug and hypocrisy have been the marked characteristics of this piece of democratic financial jugglery which has wrought ruin and hardship, prin cipally, to democrats in a democratic state. With the sole object of at tempting to bolster up the depleted treasury, the democratic administra tion has resorted to unparalleled mean ness and subterfuge, but it is at last forced to play the part of honesty by order of the Supreme court. Even when this proper act of justice has been dis charged, the recipients of the bounty will be injured far more than the amount of money that they receive. We congratulate the sugar producers upon the success of their long and hard fight against a dishonest democratic admin istration. A word of praise is due to Senator Manderson for his efforts cn their behalf, while odium will ever be attached to the two Louisiana senators who could, nearly two years ago, had they wished, have prevented all this tiouhle by preventing the enactment of a tariff devised to ruin the American sugar producing interest. That "Pro.perlty" Again. Many cotton mills have stopped, and many more have reduced hours or looms, and yet the market for goods is lifeless, a reduction of indigo blue prints of half a cent to 4 cents, the low est on record, being the chief feature. Failures for three weeks of May show liabilities of $9,503,468, against $7,455, 244 last year, and $7,782,633 in 1894. Manufacturing wore $3,383 590. against $2,642,609 last year, and $3,380,812 in 1894.—Dun’s Review. A Chapter on Cheapness I a CHEAP COAT || MAKES A CHEAP || | MAN BECAUSE IT g IS MADE BY CHEAP I FOREIGN LABOR f§ WHICH CHEAPENS^ THE VALUE OF 6§ L^!RICa" UBOR | The Reed Idee. With wages rising in 1892, prices of manufactured goods falling, with les sening hours of labor, what more do you want except more of the same sort?—Hon. Thos. B. Reed. The Folly of *93. Insure the house of representatives to the democracy by all means.—New York Sun, September 5, 1892. And how the country has raftered in following such fool advice. t Educate Toor Daaehte ra. At this season of the year parents { have to decide upon and select the edu ! rational institution which their daugh ters are to attend for the coming years. ! In this connection we desire to call at tention to the educational announce ment in our advertising columns of the Academy of the Sacred Heart, St. Jo# seph, Mo. Their buildings and grounds are attractive, locality healthful, teach ing in all branches thorough,and terms reasonable. Parents fortunate to select this school for the education and train ing of their daughters will, we are sure, be fully satisfied. Terms per session of five months: Payable in advance, $115; this Includes tuition, boarding, wash ing, courses in French, German or Latin, use of library and physician's fee. Next session will open Sept. 1st, 1895. For further information address Mother Superior, Academy of the Sa cred Heart, St. Joseph, Mo. Her Sarcaom. “Henry,” said Mr. Meekton’s wife, who had been overcoming his objec tions to some household expenses, “you ought to go into politics ” “I’m sure you never gave me any credit for ability in that line before” “No, but I think now that you have some of the right qualities I never saw anybody more reluctant to talk about money than you are.”—Wash ington Star. Roof gardens are a great boon to the men who can’t leave town. Among the “best people” are those who mind their own business. Eat Naturally, bave a good appetite, keep your blood pure and your nerves strong by taking od’s Sarsaparilla The best—in fact the One True Blood Purifier. Hood’s Pi’.'s cure biliousness, headache. 2S& Seaside and Country Gowns need . dL# Duxbak 6* RP , BIAS VELVETEEN BINDING on their skirt edges. It is rain proof, sheds water and never turns grey. If your dealer will not supply you we will. Samples showing labels anil materials mailed free. “ Home Dressmaking Made Easy," a new book by Miss Emma M. Hooper, of the Ladies' Home Journal, sent for 25c,. postage paid. S. H. & M. Co., P. O. Box 699, N. Y. City. Don't take substitutes to ^ save a few pennies. It won't pay you. Always insist on HIRES Rootbeer. Made only toy The Charles E. Hire* Co., Philadelphia. « . A 25c. paci^oC iHikes 5 galiwiu. SoM everywhere. The cost? Only a trifle more than at your own home. $5 a week for good accommodations—$10 for better—$20 for the best— at Hot Springs, South Da kota. Book about Hot Springs free if you write to J. Francis. Gen’l Pass’r Agent, Burling ton Route, Omaha, Neb. ACADEMY OF THE SACRED HEART S t . JOSEPH, MO. The course of instruction in this academy, conducted by the Religious of the Sacred Heart, embraces the whole range of subjects necessary to constitute a solid and refined education. Propriety of doportnient, per sonal neatness and tho principles of morality are ob jects of unceasing attention. Extensive grounds af ford the pupils every fac ility for useful bodily exer cise; their health is an object of constant solicitude, an.I In sickness they are attended with maternal care. Fall teim opens Tuesday, Sept. 1. Terms for session of i» .months, payable in advance, •115, this includes nit ion. board, washing, courses in French. Herman or Latin, use of library and physician’s fee. For fur ther particular* address. TMJE PICKIOR. Academy Sacred Heart. St. Joseph, Mo. WELL HAGHIHEBY Illustrated catalog© showing WEU ATJGEBS. ROCK PRILLS, H YPKAULIO . AND JETTING MACHINERY, etc. Sj£nt Ike*. Hava been tested and all zvarranted, - Sioux City Engine and Iron Works, Successors to Pcch Mfg. Co. Sioux. City Iowa. Tus Rowell Ac Chare Machinery Co., 1411 West Eleventh Street, Xansa* Cin STEADY WORK WE PAT CASH WEEKLY and wont men everywhere to SELL CTJLDV TDCCC millions to*t olAim InCCOed. proven “absol n tely beat. ’ 'Superb on tfi ts, new system. STARK BROTHERS, Louisiana, Mo., Rockport, III. OHCeiCC AS low as *25.00. DUODiCO Sun-era tor $75. 100 styles. Good variety of second-hand Carriages and Wagons. Nobody sei