DAIRY AND POULTRY
INTERESTING CHAPTERS FOI
OUR RURAL READERS.
n t}< -
How SncFMafnl Farmer* Operate Thli
, Department at the Farm—A Fee
, Hint* a* to the Cara ot Lire Stock anc
IS Poultry.
Y poultry experi
ence covers about
eight years. I have
kept the single
comb Brown Leg
horns and Bull
Leghorns. My
house Is Just an or
dinary one, with
windows on the
south side. In the
morning I usually
feed soft feed of some kind, and feed It
hot. Then I feed oats, wheat or some
similar grain, hoed In the sand, so they
will have to dig for it. Corn if fed at
night) and meat scraps once or twice a
week.. We have never grown fowls for
market till last year, when I was able
to dispose of our last of June hatch at
15 cents per pound. We have had good
success In raising chicks. We feed
boiled eggs once a day till the little
ones are two weeks old, with bread
crumbs at the other meals, with corn
«nd oatmeal. We have bad little loss
belt In Illinois, and there we have na<
’ much trouble with the corn root worm
He lives on corn roots exclusively. Ii
t therefore becomes necessary for us tc
rotate corn, keeping it off of certair
fields for a few years that this worn
may be starred out. This having tr
forego the use of corn fully and freelj
■ would militate against the soiling sys
tem with us.
Mr. Monrad spoke on how to milk the
cow. Get a good dairy maid. It would
be a blessing for Michigan if the girla
did the milking, for the men would then
have to fix up the stables and keep
then^ clean. I have seen a great many
stables where one had to put on long
boots to go into them. Why do I be
lieve that girls should milk? Because
they are gentler. My experience of six
years taught me that to milk a cow
properly you have got to be on good
terms with the cow. I once had a white
heifer that was a beauty, but she was
wild. I kept my temper for a little over
two weeks, and she was kicking all the
time. Then I lost my temper and used
the stool. I did not milk that cow any
nipre. I sent her back to my brother
who had a good many cows and did not
need to milk them all. In fact, he only
milked ten cows to get enough milk for
family use.
But men may learn how to milk. If
when you go home you will induce the
young men to weigh the milk right
along, you will find that it will make
a great difference in the Interest they
take in the milking. Buy good milk*
•f J: A.. FLEMISH MILKMAID.
•"-■ ' ■•:-•-_' :_~r-'- ‘ > ‘i£&.
from disease*. We keep our coop*
jciean, with plenty of lime around them.'
We have found the Duff Leghorn* very
(good layer*, and last year we had
* .Cockerels that dressed two pounds at
eleven week* old. Having seen the
experiences of many, In their success
and failures In crossing, we tried two
crosses last year. The first was a
'Puff Leghorn cock on Golden Wyan
dotte hens. The chicks matured
.early, and the pullet* are excellent lay
era The second was a Buff Leghorn
nock and Light Brahma hens. The re
jpult was not to favorable as in the first
jtase.'. The chicks matured very slowly,
nd,.%hile the full bloods and the
chicks of the first cross had plump and
arery meaty breasts, these latter were
..all skin and bones. I am Inclined to
fjfthlnk that it pays best to breed from
^ standard breeds of some kind, and for
‘me. none are so satisfactory a* the Buff
wLWboro. , > , , .
_; B. W. Fellows.
DteeuMlnf the Con.
( (Condensed from the Farmers’ Re
view stenographic report of the Michi
gan* dairymen's meeting.)
Professor C. D. Smith opened the dis
cussion on the cow. He spoke first on
the selection of the cow. Where we
need-to select a cow on the total amount
of milk she would give we now pay
more attention to the relative amount
of butter she will make. She is a good
cow if her percentage of butter fat is
large, provided she gives a fair amount
of milk. The chief attention of the
experiment station during the past two
years has been toward this point. Is
it true that the cows that have the
typical dairy’form make butter most
profitably? Is it true that the i^ernal
capacity qt a, cow is made manifest
by exterior signs? I am ready to as
sert that such is the case. Our best
j? cows at the station conform most close
; ly to the best rtalry type. However, few
of us have time to become good judges
f Of external signs of internal quality, so
{ that most of ,us must buy our cows
Judging them by the weight of milk
and by the test for butter fat.
I ■ Q.—Can we Judge by the young ani
mal what kind of a cow she will make
| in the future? ■ r
. A.—When, I picked out my wife, I
did not do It when she was a little
| Ctrl, but when she had grown up. And
1 the same tSigery holds good In picking
j ,<«ut a cow:, you must wait till' she Is
mature before you can tell definitely
what kind qf a cow she will be.. We
cannot predict with any certainty What
a heifer wiu make. There era certain
i signs, of course, signs that teli whether
she has the beef type or the dairy type,
tat you.can not depend on the details
tpjt .may develop. .
* Tn next point was the Stabling and
| feeding of the cow. A member said:
[.ft seems to me that with land at ltd
per acre we cannot afford to pastun
cows at the rate of one cow for every
, four acres of land. We had better feed
t partly on the soiling plan.
ti:~ llr. Gurler.—Now. I live la the con
-f ■ -'"’at>• '-y '
l"v ■ •
7 :• • .... .
era, make friends with your cows and
test them,
Mr, Morse.—I have an old German
woman in my employ who does this.
She has made friends with the cows
and they like her and yield a good sup
ply of milk when she milks them. Re
cently she took a vacation, and I tried
doing the milking. I treated them
right, but the amount of milk they gave
shrank at once ahd did not greatly in
crease. p\jt when she came back they
at once yielded their accustomed
amount, of milk. I think that women
are better around cow stables than men,
If the stables are kept clean, as ali
stables should be.
Q.—Why will some cows keep clean,
while other cows standing beside them
and under like conditions will set
dirty? “
Mr. Helm.—Nearly every cow Btable
In this state la fixed not to keep the
cows clean, but to keep them dirty—
at least, that is the natural Inference
of the conditions under which they are
kep# The treat difficulty is that the
mangers are too low and the cow has
to back off to lie down—that compels
her to lie down in the filth. I build
mine so that the cow can put her head
under it when she lies down, and she
can thus lie down where she stands.
1 nail a 2x4 in front of her two fore
feet, and anbther 2x4 in front of her
two hind feet, and fill the space between
the two Joists with bedding. When
she lies down, she will lie on this bed
ding and keep clean. With calves, we
do not nail down the 2x4s, but merely
lay them down against cleats, which
can be removed to increase tho length
of the bed as the calf grows.
Q —Are not those 2x4s in the way
when you milk?
A,—The milk pall sits on them, so
they rather help than hinder the milk
ing.
i fl? f iL\ • ,1 -Y? V. •' u
Natural Htartara.
'■> In an address before the Ayrshire
Breeders’ association Prof. H. W. Cown
said: “Natural starters. These an
easily made by any butter-maker. The
method of preparing one is simply to
procure a few quarts of good sweet
cream from a source which is the most
reliable for being clean and pure, and.
allow this cream to stand in a warm
place until it sours. The cream thui
soured will contain many bacteria and
commonly, or at least in many cases, 11
the cream is from a reliable source tht
species of bacteria which develop la
It will be the species that pro
duce pleasant flavors. Such soured
cream may then be poured into
the large vat of cream for a startei
.. and the result will be that if the startei
does have the proper kind of species th<
cream will ripen more rapidly and pr<*
j dhee a better quality of butter than
when it is allowed Itself to ripen nat
urally. Thus the-natural starter simply
allows to grow in the cream the specie*
• which are already present, but it th<
cream is from a good source the result!
- are found in practice to be very favor
able.” . . « , .
'• * V; .v. ... . • : '*
•fn> t * *. • a; e- ! »■< . i* »*
NATIONAL FINANCE
TREASURY CONDITIONS RE.
VIEWED BY BOTH PARTIES.
The Decrease and Increase of Debt An
Carefully Analyzed—Always Bepabl^x
Policy to Redeem Our Boadi—bad
Democratic Legislation.
The report of the Secretary of the
Treasury for 1865 stated that on the
31st of October, 1865, the public debt,
without deducting funds In the Treas
ury, amounted to 82,808,549,437.55. Of
this sum, 81,144,072,100 were in 10-40 6
per cent., and 5-20 6 per cent, bonds.
Pacific Railroad 6 per ceifts, due in
1881, and 5 per cents., due in 1871, 1874,
1880 the remainder being in temporary
loans, Treasury notes, compound in
terest notes, 7-30 notes and United
States notes, one, two and three year
notes, and fractional currency.
The Finance Reports for 1868 state
that the debt, less cash in the Treas*
ury, was 82,505,202,516.94.
The Reports for 1871 state that the
total decrease of the public debt from
March, 1, 1869, to December 1,1871, was
3227,211,892.16. During the same period
the annual interest had been reduced
816,741,436.04.
In the Finance Reports for 1873, on
page XXIII, we find the following:
“The country has exported, during the
twenty years ending with the last fis
cal year, gold and silver to the extent
of more than a thousand million dollars
over and above the amount imported.”
The Finance Reports for 1876, Secre
tary Morrell, show that on June 30,
1876, including accrued interest, less
bonds issued to the Pacific Railroad
Companies and less cash in the Treas
these figures the interest bearing- debt
' had been reduced $1,756,500,564.96 dur
ing 28 years under Protection. Al
, though the pension law called for from
$130,000,000 to $134,000,000 annually
from the Treasury, yet President Har
rison was able to reduce the public
debt more than $61,000,000 yearly dur
ing his entire administration.
This was the condition of the Treas
ury at the time of the election In Nov
ember, 1892.
In the Monthly Statement of the pub
lic debt issued for the month 4>f Feb
ruary, 1896, Secretary Carlisle makes
the ou3tanding interest-bearing debt ol
the Government, on March 1. 1893,
$585,034,260; on March 1, 1896, $822,
615,170. From these figures, furnished
by Secretary Carlisle himself, the pub
lic interest-bearing debt has increased
$237,580,910, between March 1, 1893,
and March 1, 1896, an annual average
of $79,193,636; and for this amount the
President and Secretary have sold to
home and foreign bondholders 4% per
cent, interest-bearing bonds, which
run for 30 years. According to the
Report of 1894, there was a deficiency
in revenue or $69,805,260.58. Undoubt
edly the President will be compelled tc
sell as many bonds during the last year
of his term as he has for the year past,
which will make an average increase
of the bonded debt, during his entire
term, of about $80,000,000 a year,
i Under a protective tariff the public
debt was reduced over $73,000,000 annu
ally for 28 years, while under the Wll
son-Gorman tariff bill Cleveland and
Carlisle have increased the bonded
debt about $80,000,000 a year. These
figures clearly show the difference be
tween protection and low tariff, but,
unfortunately for the people, the effect
of this latter policy has been far more
disastrous to the industries of the
country than it has been to the reven
ues of the Government.
DR. E. P. MILLER.
tow Tariff and High Prices. ^
Under the McKinley tariff the duty
upon boots and shoes was 25 per cent,
ad valorem. The Free-Traders’ idea
being that the consumer pays the tax
and desirous of relieving the burdens
of labor, they lowered the wicked Mc
Kinley rate down to 20 per cent., rub
bing their hand with glee and satis
faction because they had, in theij
imagination, reduced the price of boot
Foreign made Cotton Cloth,Marketed A UniteAStates
/ |,during ike two fisealj/ears
ending June 30.
1894 V1095
iH ft t- * *f> .#% :•:
v:•■■■ ?■»;' P^y^-l‘ ." .;.-.0?llars.Vv :•■■/: ,• DoUaia OoIJots.'..'•Iv'.y Dollars;.'..’.;
s-'-^^.P*l.!yT^,l\:vV;:PPj|^SrY/.,;;;;-goliorsY.y.v:.:;Qo)ioiry. -
ury, the public plebt was $2,099,439,444.
94, a reduction of the debt since Aug
ust 31, 1865., of $656,992,266.44, which
was $223,144,011.07 more than was ab
solutely required by the sinking fund.
In his report for 1887, Secretary Man
ning said: "The grand total of $127,
612,850 of 3 per cent, bonds were Re
tired in 18S7, dnd after every possible
Obligation had been provided for, the
sum of $55,258,701.19 surplus was still
in the Treasury, which every day
grows larger. A careful estimate
shows that this sum will be Increased
to $140,000,000 at tho end of this fiscal
year, under the operation of the pres
ent tariff and appropriation laws.”
Secretary Manning further estimated
that “tho revenues by June 30, 1890.
with the surplus revenu'e of 1889 and
the surplus already accumulated, would
be $228,000,000, which might be used
in the next thirteen months for the
purchase of interest-bearing debts.”
This report was the last one made
under Mr, Cleveland's first admmistra
tlon, and this showing was due to a
Republican Senate that would not re
duce the duties on foreign Imports,
which a Democratic House had tried
to secure.
In his report for 1889, Secretary Wln
dom said: “The cash balance In the
Treasury over and above all accrued
liabilities, at the close of 1889, was $71,
484,042.39. If to this balance there be
added the estimated surplus for the
current flacal year, the amount that
could be added to the purchase of bonds
to June, 1890, will he $103,434,042.39.”
Secretary Foster in hl3 first report
made the following statement: “The
total reduction of the public debt In
cluding amounts applied to the sink
ing fund since August 31 I860, when !
the debt was at Its highest point, ag
gregated $1,914,605,107.85, or $990,510,
681.49 more than was required by the
sinking fund act.” , ,
From the time the war closed in
August. >865, to the close of Benjamin
Harrison's administration, a period of
28 years, the public debt wa3 reduced
at an annual average of $75,528,753, and
j In addition there to, the pension fund
\ had been Increased from about $16,
347,656 to $134,583,052. The total in- I
terest bearing debt as given by Sec re-'
tary Foster, was on August 31, 1865,
$2,881,530,294.96; on August 31, 1892, It
\ was only $585,629,330, Acoordtag to
, f.'a#
ftnd shoes to the wage-earner by 5 pet
cent. That waB the theory. The fact
was shown by Bradstreet’s review ol
prices during 1895. .Boots and shoes
wore 12.G p'er cent, higher at the close
of last year than they were at the be
ginning of the year. The reduction ol
4 per cent. In the “tariff tax” was fol
lowed by' an Increase of 12.8 per cent.
In cost. Theory is a great thing—in
ICC
Oos8(f tlteDmr-0«e.3»,l895'^(
Uunns Kevieiu
Report on Business
. 1895>
-Joii.l,!89S~rr
Price
Gouge
-I3%lncr.
r .a%lncr.C
-i\% her.
7. !ncr.
eJ
0%lncr.
-8%lncr.
-7%lncr.
r6% Incr.
5%lncr.
-4* Incr
-3&lner.
-t%lner.
17. Out.
^•27. Deer.
Y»®etr.
a
1 ijormon inriii- Cheaper Prices 1
Price Advanced 12% Per Cent, in 1895.
theory. But it gets knocked out when
it confronts a condition.
Htj >Tii 'Tie Tin a.
Had the United States senate devoted
one-half the energy and attention.to
the Dlngley revenue bill that it has
given to the affairs of foreign countries,
then the domestic affairs of our own
country would be in a far better condi
tion than they are.
■ He who can laugh at himself, may
laugh much. r ' ' *
• »*., -
V Clever Young French Woman.
All France is talking of Mile. Jeanm
Juepaben’s extraordinary attainments
tins exceedingly scholarly youni
woman received the college degree o
bachelor of arts two years ago, whei
she was 16. She then became professoi
of philosophy in a woman’s college ai
Lyons, and this year was a candidate
at the horbonne for the important de^
gree of licentiate in philosophy. The
examiners, though prepared for a
prodigj% were amazed at the extent oi
her erudition and her serene comnosure
in dealing with the vexed problems oi
Descartes, Kant and Comte. She was
third on the list of 200 candidates, all
of them older than herself, and is now
a lecturer on the science of the mind
in the college of Rouen.
HI lieiiroying a Slam.
. London is spending nearly 82,500,000
10 cleansing and rebuilding one slum.
American cities are just beginning to
learn how serious is the cumulative
evil of slum construction. They may
with profit also learn how cost
ly is the necessity of slum destruc
tion- object lesson offered by
London may be studied with
interest in our large cities, and espec
ially in New York, where, through the
efforts of the state tenement house
commission, legislation has with much
difficulty been secured which, if en
forced, perpetuated and added to, will
tend to prevent the growth of such
conditions as London is now compelled
to combat.—Century.
Two Sides to the Question.
Maternal Ancestor (profoundly
shocked)—Arabella, I accidentally saw
you kiss young Mr. Peduncle in the
hallway last night. Don’t you know
such a thing is highly reprehensible?.
Miss Arabella (flaring up)—No, I
don’t, mamma. I don’t thing it’s half
as bad as it is for you' to kiss that de
ceitful Mrs. Dookins when you know
you don’t like to kiss her at alL^
Chicago Tribune.
The Hare and the Tortoise.
A hare was one day galloping across
a field, when he met a tortoise who
was a new candidate for office. The
hare could not help smiling at the
short feet and slow pace of the tor
toise, who, being touchy on this point,
promptly challenged him to a trial of
speed.
On the day appointed the beasts as
sembled. The hare, however,'trusting
to his natural swiftness, had not train
ed—had continued to smoke cigarettes;
and on the night before thp race sat
up with a sick friend. He arrived at
the.course, accordingly, very late and
with heavy, everhanging breath.
Seeing that the plodding tortoise was
about to cross the finish line, the hare
| promptly opened bottles for the crowd,
bought up the ’ -jpire, and the flag
went to him bn a foul. ; , ;
Moral.—The race is not always to
the slow.
The l aria museum contains more than
20,000 stone imp ements, all of which were
gathered in Frame.
Great Britain pays the continent up
wards cf $70,000,000 a year ior sugar and
makes not an ounce.
There are 13,000 school masters in Ger
many whose sa aries fall below $200 per
annum.
Billiard table, second-hand, for sale
cheap. Apply to or address, H. C. Akix.
_ HU 8. 3fth St., Omaha, Neh.
Gladness Comes
With a better understanding of the
transient nature of the many phys
ical ills, which vanish before proper ef
forts—gentle efforts—pleasant efforts—
rightly directed. There is comfort in
the knowledge, that so many forms of
sickness are not due to any actual dis
ease, but simply to a constipated condi
tion of the system, which the pleasant
family laxative, Syrup of Figs, prompt
ly removes. That is why it is the only
remedy with millions of families, and is
everywhere esteemed so highly by all
who value good health. Its beneficial
effects are due to the fact, that it is the
one remedy which promotes internal
cleanliness without debilitating the
organs t>n which it acts. It is therefore
all' important, in order to get its bene
ficial effects, to note when you pur
chase, that you have the genuine arti
cle, which is manufactured by the Cali
fornia Fig Syrup Co. oniy and sold by
all reputable druggists.
H in the enjoyment of good health,
and the system is regular, laxatives or
other remedies are then not needed. If
afflicted with any actual disease, one
may be commended.to the most skillful
physicians, but if in need of a laxative,
one should have the best, and with the
well-informed everywhere, Syrup of
Figs stands highest and is most largely
used andgives most general satisfaction.
Boils
It is often difl'rult to convince peo
pie their blood is impure, until dread
ful carbuncles, abscesses, boils, scrof
ula or salt rheum, are painful proof of
the fact. It is wisdom now, or when
ever there is any indication of
Impure
blood, to take Hood’s Sarsaparilla, and
prevent such eruptions and suffering.
“I had • dreadful carbuncle abscess,
red, fiery, fierce and sore. The doctor at
tended me over seven weeks. When the
abscess broke, the pains were terrible, and
I thought I should not live through it. 1
heard and read so mnch about Hood’s
Sarsaparilla, that I decided to take it, and
my husband, who was suffering with
bolls, took It also. It soon purified oui
Blood
bnilt me np and restored my health ee
that, although the doctor said I would
not be able to work bard, I have since
done the work for 20 people. Hood’e Sar
saparilla cured my husband of the boils,
and we regard it a wonderful medicine.’'
Mbs. Anna Pbtbbsoh, Latimer, Kansas.
Hood’s
Sarsaparilla
Is the One True Blood rurifler. A!1 druggists, ft
HnnH’e Pillc c»reljveriHs.easytotake*
a 1UUU 8 rlllb easy to operate. 25 cents
If
Your Dealer >
will not sell you
the
$
vY 9
I ^ VEI
BIAS
^ VELVETEEN
SKIRT BINDINGS
we will.
Write us for free samples showing
labels and materials.
" Home Dressmaking," a new book by Miss
Emma M. Hooper, of the Ladies' Homo Journal,
telling how to put on Bias Velveteen Skirt B'hid
ings sent for 25c., postage paid.
S. H. & M. Co,, P. O. Box 699. N. V. City,
You are bound to succeed in
making HIRES Rootbeer if you
follow the simple directions. Easy
to make, delightful to take.
Made nnlv by The Charles E. Hires Co., Philadelphia.
A 25c. package makes 5 gallous. Sold everywhere.
: GUT-SLASH!
J SMOKING TOBACCO, t
f 2 oz. for 5 Cents. f
! CUT-SLASH!
9 CHEROOTS—3 for 5 Cents, f
» Give a Good, Mellow, Healthy, j
A Pleasant Smoke. Try Them. A
f LYOJ ft CO. TOBACCO WORKS, Dirhaa, L C. f
WE HAVE NO agents,
m w bnt Bell direct to the coa
lminer at wholesale prices,
ship anywhere for examin
ation before sale. Every
thintr warranted. 100 styles
of Carriages, 00 styles of
.Harness, 11 styles Biding 8a4
fdlrs. Write for catalogue.
KLKIUBT CARBIAUK * 1UR.
NKSS JUG, CO., KLUlART,
ISO.
W. B. Pratt, Secy.
Well MACHINERY
Illustrated catalogue showing WELI
ATTGER3, BOCK DRILLS, H VDBATJUO
AND JETTING MACHINERY, etc.
Sax? Fan. Here been tested and
all warranted.
Sioux City Kngln® and Iron Works,
Successors to Pech Mf*. Co.
Sion* City. Iowa. J
The Rowell & Chare Machinery CO.,
ivausa.i uiy .viu.
ODIIIH ud WHISKY ™-«l. Book >0.1
WrlUW Hit. Ur. B. a. VtOUl.LBT, ATLANTA, SA.
W. N. U., OMAHA—21—1896
When writing to advertisers, kindly
mention this paper.
m ?n Docro*—"One layer of
\P*P®r ia bad enough, you have
£ three here. Baby may recover
but cannot thrive.**
ALABASTINE.
IT WON'T RUB OFF.
A I ADAOTIDC ** ?, pur®> Permanent and artiitio
HLflBflg 1 I lit. wall-ooatlnjr. ready for the brush
■ *S#J IW ■ lleBa by mixing in cold ester.
•"ot *»le by Paint Dealers Everywhere.
CRFF n ^,nt Card eboelng It desirable tints, also Alabaattne
tilLk Bourenir Hock aenf tree to any one mentioning thiapaper.
AbADABTIHE CO. Greed Rapids, llleh.
,d* ami
(MIT PRlIiCC *ad other cuts by the only
JIIW I rillVhV concern that ever voluntarily ^
reduced prices or, in recent times, originated a new^
^ ldea *n this line, on account of which, and the good 1
■ works of its goods, it has been awarded one-half 1
the world’s windmill business. It prepays freight e
to 20 branch houses, one at your door.\
Send now for catalogue for up-to-datel
ideas. Our imitators may not have ini
print our latest plans. 1
Chicago
r
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