DAIRY AND POULTRY. INTERESTING CHAPTERS FOR OUR RURAL READERS. Ilow SueceMfnl rurinrni Operate This Mepnrtmeut of the Fur in—A Few lllnt* a* to tb© Car© of Ltvo Stock and Poultry* 0 THOSE WHO buy their bacon I have a word to say, wrlte3 a correspon dent of Rosenberg Progress. During the late snow storm 1 was confined In Houston at a hotel where thero was a number of gentle men from the west ern states wno uaa como down to Texas to take a look at the sunny south, many of them with a view to making It their future home If they were pleased with tho soil, climate and people. While thero I fell Into conversation .with a man that I took for a preacher from the state of Iowa. He told me 'he was a farmer—fed hogs, cattle, etc. I asked him what was the host breed of hogs to raise. He said they had tried all breeds, and that It was the rule of his country to raise tho hog that would always keep fat. I asked him his reason for that. He said: "We do that because we have to ship and sell to save ourselves as soon as the hog cholera strikes them, or wo would In ,*11 probability lose all the hogs wo have or are feeding." I asked him if he could find sale for a herd of hogs that had cholera. "Oh, yes," he said, “the board of health of Chicago decided that the meat of hogs that died of cholera was all right.” He said that the buy ers would take every hog and pig that was alive when they reached the mar ket and pay the ruling prices for them, “MAIDEN,” AN ENGLISH SHORTHORN—FARMERS’ REVIEW. and the ones that had died In transit they paid half price for (pretending they were to bo used as soap grease, etc.). This statement of the old man called tho attention of western men present, who were disposed to take is sue with him on the fact. In other .words, his veracity was assailed, which seemed to mortify him greatly, and he publicly asserted that all that he had said to mo was true, and he thought ho could substantiate it in the city. I said to the party of gentlemen present, if this fact was known to our farmers they would raise their own meat rather than eat meat that had died or was sick With cholera when butchered. ' I know from observation, that when a hog dies of the cholera be turns per fectly red, and I further know that I have taken large sides of bacon out (the boxes of bacon we buy) that was per fectly red, which makes me believe hvery word the old Iowa man said was true, and such meat as I described died of cholera. | I have diverged a little from my story: The old Iowa man was stirred up considerably. In a short time he came back to me with a gentleman of his acquaintance, who said he had bought thousands of hogs in Chicago and that every word he said was true, and intimated that the dead hogs bought for soap grease went through the same channel that the live ones did, and eventually landed in the bacon box with the others. I Now, I appeal to the farmers of Fort Bend county to know if you are still going to buy such bacon as I have de j scribed when you have a country far superior to the West to raise your own meat in. We must wake up to our own interest, and sell instead of buy bacon. Pointers to Shippers. Keep pregnant stock at home. Don’t ship in any diseased, badly „ bruised or emaciated stock. r': Don’t load your cars too heavily, es pecially of hogs or sheep, though in fact of any class of live stock. Watch out and don’t ship In any stock that has sores, abscesses or other indication of unsounduess or unwhole soweness. - 1 The government inspectors are “the goblins that will get you if you don’t 1" watch out” and keep back unsound, dis eased. or far advanced pregnant ani mals. ■ neveare of the calves you ship in. H Anything on the “Bob” or “Deacon” or y " der—that is, less than one week old or weighing under 75 pounds—is pretty sure to be thrown out and find its way into the tank. 1 Don’t ship any scabby sheep to mar ket, as they are very liable to be con demned. Bamby ewes should also be held back, as where they are pretty far advanced they cannot be sold, under the new inspection rules, and will either have to go back into the country or be slaughtered, and in all probabil ity condemned here, i Don’t load too many hogs In one car. Disregard of this rule ts being seen every day In the number of dead hogs strewn along the unloading chutes. As the weather gets warm hogs must bo loaded to prevent crowding. As high ns twenty dead hogs have been taken from n single car this week, because of carelessness in loading. Give the hogs room. Give them also some good clean straw to lie in. The government force began Its rigid inspection May 1. They will throw out all animals considered not fit for hu man food. This will Include calfy cows, piggy sows, and lamby ewes that pre pretty far advanced; scabby sheep, shelly canners, cholera pigs, lumpy Jaws, badly bruised stock of all kinds; thin, wasted sheep, "busted pigs,” etc. Everything on this order will be held out, passed upon by veterinarians, and if not passed or condemned may be sent back to the country. Condemned stock will be at once tanked.—Live Stock Re port, Chicago. Ksrly Work on Lire. I It la the first work of the season that I saves labor lator on. Lice do not come spontaneously. They are living creat ures that multiply, and unless there is a source from which they can come there will be no lice. They do not in crease very rapidly while the weather Is cold, but Just as soon as the warm season opens they become millions In a short time. It Is much easier to de stroy a few, and keep lice In check, than to get rid of them after they be gin to swarm In every crack and crev ice, and on the walls, roosts and floors. Every reader knows what the kerosene emulsion Is. Twice a week give the poultry house a thorough saturation with it until warm weather comes, and the lice will then be about finished, and as a safeguard spray the house once a week thereafter. An excellent pre ventive is lime. Scatter It freely on the walls. Use the air-slacked lime, and ap ply It liberally. Rub a little melted lard well Into the feathers of the heads and necks occasionally, to destroy the large gray lice on the heads. By keep ing down the pests that prey on the hens the number of eggs will be more than doubled.—Ex. Barrcli for Chicken Coops. Every poultry raiser has used old barrels as coops. But most of them have employed them merely for nests at night, laying the barrel down on Its side, putting In a handful of straw, and a brick on each side to keep it from rolling. This plan is good enough when there are no rats or cats around, or when the fowls are allowed the range of the farm. In fact in the east it is common practice to fix up such a barrel, drive down a stake twenty or more feet from it, and tie a string to the hen, protecting the leg with a piece of cloth. The fowls soon get used to being tied, and thus the hen and her brood are kept oft the gardens. But this is not an ideal way, nor do we wish to recommend it. The illus tration here given shows a barrel ar ranged to keep in the old hen and per mit her chicks to run at will. The bar* rel Is separated Into two parts by ; nailing down the hoops onto the ’ staves where the separation is to be | made. Then sawing the hoops gives ; two coops. Care should be taken to ! make this separation at a point on the ! barrel where the bottom will split ! lengthwise of the grain. The pieces of lath in front may be nailed onto the barrel or driven into the ground. The second illustration shows how to make even a better pair of coops from a single barrel. The staves are marked on the barrel about three I inches from each other, that is, the I marks on each alternate stave will run I round the barrel In a line. The saw ! ing of these will give two ends like the I one seen in the illustration. In sawing I these barrels it would be well not to have the alternate openings all around the barrel, ns they would let in too much cold at nights, besides wind and dust. When there are but few openings they can be turned to the side to get the sun or away from the sun as de sired; aim, to avoid wind. Besides It is easier to shut up a few openings at nights and keep out rats. Grain In tha Cow'i Rations. In the report of a New York farmers’ meeting notice the following: “Prof. Robinson of Ontario is reported as say ing tiiat no cow should be fed more than eight pounds of cotton seed meal a day. The cow will not respond to more than that. If the digestive organs of the cow are strained, she is injured per manently. I have visited several sta bles in Orange county, recently, and in every one I detected a smell that show ed plainly to me that the cows were being fed too much grain. It had passed undigested and had fermented. One should watch the droppings to see If the grain is all being digested. Very many dollars are lost by over-feeding. Then, too, one cow pays for her food in the milk pall; another one, turns her foods into fat. One cow will eat, di gest and assimilate a certain amount of grain, another will not, while an other will eat and pay for more. Indi viduality of the animal must be stud ied by the feeder, in order to rationally feed a herd of dairy cows. All these conditions must be considered when answering the question just as the price of milk is considered. The manurial value of a food must also be consid ered in calculating the worth of a food for the dairy cow.” Now, while the conclusions drawn are quite correct, yet farmers must use care in feeding all grains, especially cotton s’eed meal. As shown by an article In the Farmers’ Review two weeks ago, the feed should be small at first and gradually increased. The Cow and Prosperity.—"You show me a community of farmers who are largely interested in the dairy industry and I will show you a community of prosperous and happy people, no mort gages on their farms, plenty of money, children properly educated and all en joying the luxuries of life. Hard times do not materially affect them. On the other hand, in a community where the cow la left out or is of secondary consid eration, where they keep but a few and those not half cared for, picking their own living in the winter from corn flelds or straw stacks, where they make little butter and trade it at the stores for groceries, kick at the cream ery, claim it does not pay to keep cows, and I feel sure it does not for them, and I will show you a community that is continually growling about the times, this or that administration,” etc.—Prof. T. L. Haecker. Poultry Products Last Year.—Poul try statistics for 1894 give eggs to the : value of $102,000,000, and poultry $50, i 000,000, or a total of 152 million dollars. Oats and cotton are given at about $200,000,000; tobacco about the same as eggs, while the whole mining Interest of gold, silver, iron, etc., only aggre gates $265,000,000, and wheat a trifle i more than $280,000,000. Our poultry in terest is just in its Infancy, and will rapidly increase and become an import ant source of income for American farmers. Sugar Feeding.—The results of ex periments in the use of molasses and sugar in the feeding of cattle made at the sugar factory at Libnowes, Austria, are given by Mons. Vivien in Le Fer mer. The trials extended over 30 days. Twelve beasts had added to their usual rations, for 7 days, 21b. 3 oz. of molasses per day; for the following 15 days, 3 lb. 4 oz., and for the last 8 days, 4 lb. 6 oz. The average weight of each beast be fore the experiment was 1120 lb., and after the experiment 1204 lb., being a gain of 84 lb. per head, or a total of 1008 lb. This is equivalent to a daily gain per head of over 2 lb. 9 oz. Twelve other beasts were experimented on at the same time, and fed in the same way as the former, except the molasses. In 30 days they increased 784 lb., corre sponding to 65 1-3 lb. per head, or an average of nearly 2 lb. 3 oz. per head per day. As to the profits, the net gain was calculated to nearly a dollar per head in favor of the molasses-fed ani mals. The Grass and Hay Ration—A good quality of grass, or of the grasses, is considered to be one of the best and most perfect rations for milch cows during the summer season; hence, who ever keeps a dairy, will consult his own interests in securing the best pas tures possible by proper improvement for this purpose. Reasoning from the same standpoint the farmer should en deavor to produce the best quality of hay for winter feeding. Especially is this desirable wheae cows are milked a part or the whole of the winter sea son. Other crops will be needed foi this purpose, but hay made from grass will continue to have its appropriate place. And this should be in quality as near grass as the conditions will al low it to be made.—Ex. _. _. GRAND OLD PARTY. LIVING TRUTHS ABOUT PRO TECTIVE SYSTEM. The Prosperity Not Duo to Silver Agi tation, but to the Advent of the New Republican Congress and a High Tariff. According to the report of the senate committee appointed to inquire into the low prices' of cotton, there appears to be such difference of opinion on the part of cotton raisers as to what the cost of producing the -raplo really is that the committee refrained from mak ing a report upon that part of the sub ject matter. Some of the experts who were examined placed the cost as low as 3 cents per pound, others declared that cotton could not be produced at less than 8 cents at a safe profit. These opin ions cannot affect the conditions sur rounding the price of the staple in this country, but there is a factor now oper ating which is depressing to the prices of cotton in the American market, and that is the free entry of Indian and Egyptian cottons. The introduction here of Egyptian cotton has well nigh destroyed the Sea Island cotton industry on the coast of the South Atlantic states, and now the short staple, or upland, cottons of the United States will have to meet the low-priced short staples of India, not only on the Liverpool markets, but also in our own markets. The importations of these cottons have steadily increased and we have now the report of the de partment at Washington showing the receipt of 14,882,562 pounds for January and February, against 4,807,8 S$ pounds for the corresponding months in 185)4. The attention of the South has been di rected to this menace time and again, not only by the protective press but also by certain southern papers, among them the Charleston News and Cou rier of South Carolina. The evils of the situation cannot now be neutralized in any way that we can see, but the next congress could levy a sufficient duty on raw cottons to give some measure of protection to thi3 depressed and un profitable industry. There are over ten million of our people directly and indirectly interested in the cultivation of cotton. They must have protection if they need it.—American Economist. Beef and Reciprocity. The recent worry and fret over the beef situation could have been settled in the twinkling of an eye if the rec iprocity of the McKinley law had been incorporated in our present nondescript tariff act. It was the design of the friends of reciprocity to apply this principle so as to admit free, with compensating benefits from other coun tries, such articles or things as were not produced by ourselves in sufficient quantities for the domestic consump tion. Under the McKinley reciprocity clause in the act of 1890 the president could at any time remove the duty up on any article, and at the same time, by treaty, enlarge our exportation of such commodity as the country with whom the reciprocal relation was es tablished should want. In case of the possible inability of our own cattle raisers to supply the domestic demand the exercise of such powers by the ex ecutive, did they exist, would be most effective. Supplies could be drawn from Argentina, Mexico, and Canada, and for the privilege extended to these countries privileges would have been obtained in return. Spread tlie Light. Manufacturers and other people en gaged in industrial pursuits, either as wage earners of employes, possess much valuable information concerning Protection, which should not be lost, They know the difficulties which beset home manufacturers until, under the tariff of 1891 they became firmly estab lished. They can recall how greatly the country depended on foreign goads, in their respective lines, until the manufacture at home of like products drove the imported articles out of the market and gave free scope to Ameri can skill and enterprise. They can tell from actual experience how even the money price of home made wares and fabrics has been re duced under Protection, so that many commodities of large consumption have been sold at less than foreign goods of like quality, because the commodities in question were protected by a proper tariff and were made by well-paid workmen. Our manufacturers can also give interesting information concern ing their export trade, showing how American goods can find their way into foreign markets, or whatever obstacles there may be to prevent them. De tails such as these should be recorded diligently and sent to the newspapers for publication. They will servo as cogent arguments for Protection, will prove that it has fulfilled the promises that were made in its behalf, or will show what is needed to enable this.— American Economist. Cockcrill and the Japs. In a recent interview in Japan be tween Colonel Cockerill of the Herald and Count S. Okuma, ex-minister of finance, the statesman said: “For a time our young men who were sent abroad returned to us with an inclina tion toward the Manchester school— that is to 3ay, those who gave politi cal economy any sort of investigation were inclined to be Free-Traders. To day we have a very large and intel ligent class turning toward Protection.'’ Count Okuma, who is a Free-Trader, also said: “Our cotton mills and silk factories, iron and steel works, etc., with our cheap and skillful labor will enable us to enter any market In the world.” The candor of the Japanese ex-minister is refreshing. The com placency with which he speaks of .“cheap labor" stamps him as a con firmed Free-Trader. It also stows the extent cf the conpctttion that Ameri can labor must be called upon to meet under a Free-Trade policy in the Unit ed States. More Gold Goan?. The New York papers have been filled with long lists of passengers who are leaving our shores to travel in Europe during the summer months. It is also said that a very large number of re cently arrived Immigrants are hurrying back home again, to such an extent that the steamship companies have ad vanced their passenger rates. Each fare paid by these returning Immi grants is so much money for a foreign steamship company and taken out of the country. Every American visiting Europe for pleasure takes hundreds of dollars out of the country. This, of course, they have the right to do. The money Is their own to spend where they please. But we respectfully sub mit to those who contemplate passing the present summer season in Europe that they should pause and consider how much or how little they know, and have seen of this country, and if there are not some points of interest in the United States which they might visit with considerable advantage to themselves, seeing sights and scenes that exist nowhere else in the world. By doing this they would lose nothing, they would have a good outing, they would be able to talk more intelli gently about their own country and they would have the further satisfac tion of knowing they had materially as sisted in circulating their money among their fellow-citizens at a time when it was needed. Patriotic Ameri cans should travel through the United States.—Ex. _ A Few Things. Sheep slaughtered by millions, be caus'e wool ha3 been made free: the price of beef advancing: a Portland (Oregon) syndicate buying three thou sand horses with an Intention to intro duce horse meat to American con sumers; Edward Atkinson running about the country giving demonstra tions of methods of preparing 15-cent dinners and recommending to poor people the use of shin beef and oleomargarine; women doing men’s work in the tin plate mills In western Pennsylvania; foreigners leaving the country as fast as others come in, and the treasury of the United States un able to stand by itself, but propped up by British bankers—these things in dicate what we have come to and fore shadow what we are coming to under the domination of American affairs by British ideas.—The Manufacturer, April 27, 1895. Protection for Sujjar. Thank God, men. of greater caliber will henceforth shape the destinies of the Republic—men who believe in Pro tection as a principle, and who will take care of all our great interests, sugar included! They know how the foreign industry has been built up; they also know that to make this coun try prosper they must do as our cousins across the sea have done—stimulate home industries. That can and will be done, either by a bounty or an in creased duty on sugar (the latter being now rendered most probable by the de feat of the income tax), and when such wise legislation Is determined upon we do not believe that even the veto of a Democratic president—the la3t of his line—can stay the popular demand for home protection against bounty fed, artificially stimulated Industries.—The Sugar Planters' Journal, New Orleans, La., April 13, 1895. T7ie Tallow Trade. The tallow market of the world ap pears to be closed, our exports of American tallow In March being 1,300 000 pounds less than in March, 1894. How fs this? The same is the case with oleomargarine, the foreigners buying nearly 6,000,000 pounds less from us last March. This, however, has not improved the demand for American butter, our exports of but ter having fallen off by 1,300,000 in the month; so the question arises: What are the foreignei-3 eating? No oleo margarine, no tallow, no butter. There .was no contract that the markets of the world should be closed against our products. How Lovers Ilelmve In Fiction. Some one with nothing else to do has investigated the way in which 100 men in fiction are represented as pro posing. Seventy-two hold the lady's hand, seventeen hold it very tightly, fourteen have lumps in their throat, and nine exclaimed aloud; “Thank heaven!’’ Only seven out of the 100 declare themselves to be deliriously happy, and five are too full for utter ance. Three out of 100 stand on their feet when they make a proposal, and two go down on one knee, while nine make a formal prelude—something like the slow music in the play, when the villain appeals to heaven to witness the consuming flame of his affections for the heart he plots to ruin. The behavior of the lady under the circum stances is equally entertaining anu in structive. Out of 100 cases 81 sink into the arms of the gentleman, sixty-eight rest their heads on the geu tleman’s breast, and only one sinks into the arms of a chair; eleven clasp their arms around the gentleman’s neck, six weep teai-3 of joy silently, and forty-four weep tears aloud—whatever that means; seventy-two have eyes full of love, and nine out of 100 rush from the room and tell everybody. Only four are great ly surprised and eighty-seven out of 100 knew that something was coming. Five giggle hysterically, and one even sneezes. Only one of 100 struggles not to be kissed, while six kiss gentlemen first. Mew is Your «„^sP0°7ndthina»JWi number and quality of th<2 cles, you are in danger( disease germs and the ei of warm weather. Purifv ^, Hood’s SarsaT 'he trreat hlJr?1?’9! The great blood purfc, . proved its merit by i rS *k equalled in medical hS°l! Do*1no't to <“*• . work avt ruses #■«>» per n»j[>J time on secured »‘>'c^1iLiB’'LEe4 tie. Address JHJWELj** Hox Sir. irea.l" .e.l_ PARKED' c»"ASt; fiber9 W-P'A' (TiifeOo Muatratei! catalogue J ypWn iEBS, FOCK CEILL. • y d -. t JETTING MACHINE; i(a(l r Fees. Have been w“‘e Loccsaors to fi. "■««:.*»• rowei.l * oiasr k* UK We t Eleventh Mi