Nebraska Newspapers

    RESENTS a bimet
^MISSION plan.
WITH OTHER MATIOHS
griiatlonal Conference 1»
nuite Kill* the Pooling
i Appropriation Mill
[diisldvred — Other
litnliiugloo Neel
,y for Clerks.
l\:t). 25.—A memorial
0 legislature was pre
senate to-day, protest
1 pooling bill as a plan
ilroads in tbe hands of
Ie and thus crush coin
;r flic iron heel of
chairman of the
nee, presented a com
pilation for an investi
coinmittee of the effeet
and internal revenue
of Colorado then pre
inemlnient to the sundry
r on the calendar an
providing that if the
11 invitation of Germany
,in or any of the other
nf Europe, shall deter
s government shall be
it the international or
me to be held with a
eenre internationally
relative values be
and silver as money,
common ratio between
.villi free mintage at
lie shall be authorized
e attendance of a com
e, three to be appointed
ml with the consent of
inr to the adjournment
nit congress, and the
joint committee of this
r to lie members of the
ree of the liouse of rep
The amendment makes
Court for the expense of
i-ing." said Mr. Wolcott,
i vote for bimetallism,
be satisfactory to those
10 talk for bimetallism
nst it and who await
1 eyes to see what Eng
, asked that the amcud
s finance committee and
e the suggestion that as
ril bill was so soon to be
lore should be no delay
le amendment from the
ittee and the appropria
!e.
>n of the Indian appro
was resumed, and Mr.
in amendment that the
a" should include not
full blood, but those of
, of whatever degree,
elutions are maintained.
*Y FOR CLERKS.
Itatives Vote to (ilve «t
Uiiry to the Kmployos.
K, Feb. 25.—After some
| morning business the
Imittee of the whole, re
lation of the deficiency
l series of amendments
compensation to various
the house was being
Iliugley of Maine pro
don of Georgia offered
:nt to give an extra
t" the individual clerks
'!r. Sayers, chairman
r,tCe on appropriations,
ll|e Livingston arnend
ttnied, 105 to 70. Mr.
" ver, gave notice that
mild a yea aud nay vote
NE PACIFIC KOAI
numitte© Hay Sp©n<t
®" Investigation.
Feb. 25. ~ Sent
" "ce<1 to-day a resi
the senate comm
rah'-oad, to sit dm
for the purpose
s investigation of
: o^e roads to the gov*
lommittee is authori
Nsonaj examinatioi
“Other properties of
'J;l<: foil way eompai
and the com
they pass or whic
.“'biliary to their
1st w of ascertair
and their abi
"nlebteducss to
°ES TO MEXICO.
Cl Selected
Position.
W th'b' 2r,TSoon after
Sp'nitn PMeSldent se“t in
,li t naU W Ra"S0">
knvima ™‘msU'r to Mex
week. “ Senator
oil a seLthe nom'nation
• Blac,tb"rn
"as f,°n' and the
tHv L ,,th.taUen »P
- imauimous vote
DL^OBU.U killed.
a I,ecl“” v,
|nv 'h* 5'««ore.
■ 1 eb. 25 _Af , ,
D,,q Mi- ii 1 1 ° Clo
Pooling b ler. ,nove(i
oul- A vote
WZL, A '
* bi|l 1V1. M r«sultec
1 a ^<*uday sl.Ji.rt,,r
•Ssiou
C- ”f l',e terri
b^iness ul^e
s^k,etheyears ‘here
h-wSljrSp
WOMEN ON LIVE TOPICS.
trl Training. VlvUvctloo, Rnalaau Train
ing and Immigration Dlaantsed.
Washington, Feb. 85. — Woman’s
work in the field of education and
organized work in patriotism
and politics occupied to-day’s
session of the National Council of
Women. Many of the papers em
bodied suggestions for iraproviug the
methods for teaching the young and
the various phases of female educa
tion.
The opening address was by Dr.
Julia Uolmes-Smlth of Pennsylvania,
whose paper was read by Miss Clara
lie wick Colby of Washington. It
gave an analysis of humanity So far
as regarded personal beauty. Fol
lowing this review came a statement
of the necessity for the cultivation of
higher ideals in children and a pro
test against the commonplace in edu
cation.
Virginia draff of Pennsylvania
pointed out that the children, irres
pective of outside conditions, were
responsive to kindergarten teaching,
while Mrs. J. Ellen Foster of Wash
ington protested against the restric
tion of art instruction to the higher
arts.
The perils of immigration were
commented on by Mrs. I. C Manches
ter of Ithodc Island of the National
association of local women of Ameri
can liberty. She protested against
indiscriminate immigration and de
clared that the great middle class was
becoming alarmed at the serious
aspect of the situation, since the
foreign vote had become so important
a factor in the demoralization of poli
tics and labor interests. Special legis
lation compelling all Immigrants to
bear carefully granted certificates,
extending the time of naturalization
and basing citizenship on educational
requirements, was advocated.
DOUGLASS’ LAST LETTER.
The Colored Leader Discussed Politics
the Day Before Hie Death.
Butte, Mont., Peb. 25.—The follow
ing' letter, written by Frederick
Douglass the day before bis death,
lias jhst been received by Ellis P.
Passmore of this city, dated Cedar
Hill, Anacosta, D. C., Peb. 17, 1805:
I cannot say that I am much elated
by the victory of the Republican
party, though X am glad the Demo
cratic party has met with defeat I
have many fears that the victory of
the Republicans may make them even
a little more indifferent* about pro
tecting human rights under the con
stitution than when they were in
power before. It is to the shame of
the Republican party that it could
protect the rights of American citizens
everywhere but at home. It made
no earnest effort to see that the con
stitution was obeyed in the Southern
states and the ballot box protected.
The fourteenth amendment declares
that when any state shall deprive
any of its citizens of the elective
franchise representation shall be re
duced. No attempt has been made to
enforce this provision by the Repub
lican party or any other. Yet all
swore to support the constitution.
I have not declared for any par
ticular candidate for the Republican
nomination in 1896, nor do I see any
need of such declaration at this dis
tance of time. The man likely to get
it will be from a state which the Re
publicans may think it difficult but
important to carry. Old “Mr. Avail
ability” will as usual dccido the ques
tion as to who the man shall be.
Still, we have a chance of getting a
better man from the Republicans
than from Democrats or Populists.
EXCURSIONISTS IN A WRECK.
A Mardi Gras Train Derailed and Burned
—A Northern Man Killed.
Montuomerv, Ala., Feb. 25.—On the
Louisville & Nashville railroad about
forty miles south of here a Mardi
Gras train of eight coaches wa£
wrecked and at once caught fire. A
special train left here at once for the
scene of the wreck with all of the
available physicians in the city.
One report is that se.ven passengers
were killed, but Superintendent Mc
Kinney of the Southern division of
the Louisville & Nashville road, who
went to the scene of the wreck, tele
graphed that one man was killed out
right and one woman probably fatally
injured. Both were passengers from
the North and their names are not
known. Many others were more or
less injured.
All the eight coaches were totally
destroyed by the fire.
VETOED BY THE PRESIDENT.
The Kansas City, Oklahoma A Pacific
Railroad Bill Refused Approval.
Washington, Feb. 25. —President
Cleveland has vetoed the bill author
izing the Kansas City, Oklahoma and
Pacific railway company to construct
and operate a railway through In
dian reservations in the Indian terri
tory And the territories of Oklahoma
and New Mexico.
A Railroad Conductor a Maniac.
St. Joseph, Ma, Feb. 25.—John
Enos, a conductor on the St. Joseph
& Grand Island railroad, told his
physicians and neighbors that he had
been seized several times during re
cent nights with an almost uncon
trollable impulse to kill his wife and
three children. He had realized be
fore that his mind was not right, and
fought the murderous desire with all
the power he could control. His
neighbors searched the house and
found a knife hidden in his slipper.
He was at once placed in the asylum
here. He had been in poor health
luring the past two years.
Gnenhnt to Fight the Trust.
Peoria, 111., Feb. 25.—A company is
being organized here for the purpose
of erecting two distilleries with a ca
pacity of 15,000 barrels each. J. B.
Greenliut is said to be at the head of
the move.
Two More House Bills Vetoed.
Washington, Febi 25.—The presi
dent sent to the house to-day his veto
of the two bills, one to incorporate
the Society of American Florists and
one for the relief of John L. Rhea.
Fo Quorum In Missouri's Bouse.
Jrfeebson Citt, Ma, Feb. 25.—The
house had no quorum this afternoon,
ont it worked away engrossing a few
of the hundreds of bills not yet acted
HOT IN HOT SPRINGS.
FOUR BLOCKS GO UP IN SMOKB
AND FLAME.
Three Persons Perish In the Conflagra
tion—People Caught Without Warning
—The Fire Starts la the Early Morning
and Sweeps Away Many Cottages and
Other Structures—A Number Hare
Narrow Escapes From Death—Some
thing About the Losses.
Big Fire In Hot Springs.
Hot Springs, Ark., Feb. 23.—Three
lives were lost and $75,000 worth of
property destroyed by a fire which
broke out here at 4 o’clock this morn
ing and swept over four blocks of
buildings.
The dead are;
Mrs Clara Sammons,boarding house
keeper. Hot Springs.
D. W. Wing, Glenn Falls, N. Y.
Mrs. Maggie Ilecox, boarding house
keeper.
Mr. and Mrs. Bronson of Macon
Mo., were slightly injured in jumping
from the burning buildings.
The' fire originated in a bakery on
Ouachita avenue, over which were
furnished rooms. Here Mrs. Sum
mon, who kept the rooms, was burned.
The other buildings burned were
the La Clede, loss $0,000; the Ouach
ita, loss 85,000; the Illinois, 84,000; the
Missouri, $3,000; the Oak Lewn,$5,000;
the Bloomington, $0,000; H. M. Hudg
ins’residence, $12,000; R. L. Williams’
three story brick. $12,000; Joplin's
grocery, $8,000; E. Randolph's resi
dence, $6,000; Leggerwood's bakery,
the Tennessee stables, the West
house, fifteen cottages of a total
value of $15,000. There is very little
insurance, the loss being practically
total.
The fire was at the south end of the
gulch in which Hot Springs is located,
and the wind was from the north. As
a result none of the largo hotels were
at any time in direct danger. The
fire burned both sides of Ouachita
avenue to Hawthorn, one side of
Hawthorne to Woodbine, and both
sides of Orange to Ouapaw street
How the ilamcs started is a mys
tery, but when the fire was discov
ered it was under strong headway
and made such rapid progress that
the inadequate department could do
little toward stopping it.
In one of the burned structures
people were caught without warning,
but all escaped in their night clothes,
being unablo to save any of their
property. _
HIS HEART WAS BROKEN
And So He Ended HU Life With Carbolic
Acid.
Kansas City, Mo., Feb. *3.—B. J.
Mill house, employed in Fowler’s
packing' house committed suicide this
morning by swallowing carbolic acid
on the street. He died in Officer
O'Orady's arms. He had followed his
wife and Cash Geers, a young clerk,
all over the country and finally
located them in this city where he
had them arrested. She refused to
leave Geers, and this so preyed on his
mind that he took his own life.
Clutched in his hand were a six
ounce bottle of carbolic acid, with
about an ounce of the deadly stuff
remaining in it and the following let
ter, written on a small piece of paper
in pencil:
Kansas City, Mo., Peb. 22, 1893.—I
have freed her with my life. I don’t
want to punish her. She don’t love
me, but will live with mo to keen out
of the pen. Goodby all friends—I
used to have them by the score.
I have a sister living at Fowler’s
Row, Kansas City, Kan.; have sister
at Thirteenth and Minnesota avenue,
Kansas City, Kan., brother at Wallula,
Kan., and a brother at Salem, Neb.
I would love to be buried at Oak
Grove cemetery, Kansas City, Kan., if
this dose is successful.
Let my lawful wife, living at 1410
Askew avenue, know of this. Good
bye, Sarah, this is a broken heart
B. J. Miixhouse.
After the arrest Millhouse called
on his wife and implored her to re
turn to him. The woman told him
she did not care for him, that he
could never share her love and all
that would induce her to live again
with him would be his withdrawal of
the bigamy cases.
xuia.vicci one vuuuaua iueau uei
self, was born in Leavenworth, Kan.,
thirty-four years ago. She is a plain
looking woman and appears to be
at least 40 years old. She came to
this city when 17 years old and lived
with her father, Isaac Martin, a
wagonmaker on Grand avenue. After
her father's death, Sarah Martin
went to live in East Atchison, and
there she met and married Millhouse.
Their union was not a happy one and
the wife's intimacy with Geers and
abandonment of her husband soon
followed. Geers is a smooth faced
young fellow and is at least ten years
younger than the woman.
If the death of her sorrowing hus
band caused Mrs. Geers any emotion
it was that of intense relief. She
seemed to fear that the report of his
suicide was not true.
"I don’t believe he committed sui
cide,” she said to a reporter who called
to see her this morning, to break the
news as gently as possible. “I
know him too well to think he would
kill himself as long as he had fifteen
cents in his pocket to buy whisky. I
want to say right here that the
story atmut my eloping with Geers is
a lie. My husband left me and I gave
him $15 to get a divorce. I married
Geers as I supposed the divorce had
been granted.”
The death of Millhouse will not
necessarily terminate the criminal
proceedings against his wife and
Geers. She has been a bigamist and
Geers has violated one of the crim
inal statutes by living with her.
FRENCH TROOPS ROOTED.
Three Hundred Soldier* Killed by Brave
Native* In Central Africa.
Paris, Feb. 23.—The Quotien re
ports that the French expedition
which left Marseilles some months ago
under the command of Commandant
Monteil for service in the interior of
Africa was surprised and 300 men,
comprising half the force of the ex
pedition, were killed, while the re
mainder were driven from the line of
march and their retreat cut off. The
minister of colonies has received an
urgent appeal from the commander
of the expedition for reinforcements.
INDIAN BILL PROVISIONS.
The Senate Act. on Snvaral ClftoiM ot
Interest to tho Wot.
Wahhsgtow, Fob. 83.—After inef
fectively debating for nearly two
hours the question of the govern
ment's relation to the education of
Indians, in the Indian appropriation
bill, the senate, in committee of the
whole, adopted these provisions of
interest to the Southwest: For the
support of 330 Indian pupils at 810? per
year each, at the Indian school at
Chilocco, Indian territory, 801,430, of
which 81,300 goes to tho superintend
ent and 81,300 for general repairs; for
the support and education of 500 In
dian pupils at Haskell institute, Law
rence, Kan., at 8107 each per year,
880,500, of which 83,000, being an in
crease of 8500 over tho house bill,
f oes to the superintendent and 81,000
or general repairs; to purchase lands
in the Indian territory for the absen
tee Wyandotte Indians, 80,000. the
secretary of tho interior being au
thorized to employ It. H. Armstrong
of Kansas City, Kan., to make
the purchase at a fee of 8000;
authorizing the sale of the
remnant of the Pottawatomie reser
vation in Jackson county, Kan., and
the Kickapoo reservation in lirown
county, Kan., at not loss than the ap
praised value, and not less than 88
per acre, at the Topeka land oillce, at
public sale to the highest bidder, the
terms to bo ono-fourth of the pur
chase price at the time of sale, and
one-fourtli at intervals of a vear, with
interest at 0 per cent; every Kickapoo
child who has not heretofore been al
lotted lands to be allotted eighty
acres,
At 1:50 o'clock the seuato took up
the provisions authorizing a suit to bo
instituted to determine the claims of
Choctaws and Chickasaws to payment
for the Wichita lands. M r. Call
offered an amendment providing that
| tho ad judication of the claims should
I not be of binding force on congress,
] but merely advisory and of “persua
sive force." Mr. Chandler supported
I Mr. Cali’s proposition and declared
i the committee’s provisions to be a
! direct violation of the agreement, in
i stituted for no other apparent pur
pose than enriching the Choctaws and
Chickasaws. The proposition was de
feated.
At 3 o'clock Mr. Morgan presented
his amendment to establish a judiciary
system in the Indian Territory
REFORM EDITORS.
Annual Mooting of the Association In
Kansas City.
Kansas City, Mo., Feb. 23.—The
fourth annual meeting' of the Reform
Press association began this afternoon
in the parlors of the Centropolis
hotel. The association is formed of
the editors of Populist papers in the
United States. Representatives of
150 papers are at the meeting. A
dozen of them are women.
Naarly the whole forenoon was
spent in arguing on the advisability
of establishing a Populist news
bureau or a Populist daily newspaper
in Kansas City. An hour was spent
in deciding whether or not to accept
an invitation from the county court
to attend a flag raising at 2 o’clock.
This brought out a hot Catholic-A. P.
A. debate, which was finally settled
by a committee of three being ap
pointed to represent the association
at the flag raising.
W. J. Costigan of the Ottawa, Kas.,
Journal, an Irish Catholic, jumped to
his feet and said excitedly: “What’s
this? John II. Stone claiming to be a
Populist? Didn’t the A. P. A, ques
tion enter into the election of this
judge? I’ve been informed that this
judge was elected by the A. P. A. I
don’t propose to let this judge or any
one else of his stripe drag me into a
thing of this kind.” •
While Costigan was speaking sev
eral editors were grasping the backs
of chairs in front of them ready to
jump to their feet when he sat down.
There was a buzz of excitement, and
when he finished several editors be
gan to talk at once.
Harry Tracy of Dallas, Texas,
moved that at 2 o’clock the editors go
in executive session and the motion
carried. At the session an ultimatum
from Chairman Taubeneck was read,
in which he defined his position on
the silver question and agreed to re
sign the chairmanship if his views
were not adopted by the association.
SILVER MEN IN CONFERENCE,
Leaders In the Uimetulllc League Hold
a Strictly Secret Meeting.
Washington. Feb. 23.—A number of
members of the American bi-metallic
league met to-ilay at the league
headquarters. Among them were
General A. J. Warner, president of
the league; Representative Newlands
of Nevada and Representative Sibley
of Pennsylvania. The greatest se
crecy was maintained as to the con
ference. Warner, however, said that
they had come together to talk over
the situation and nothing more.
For the last few days, however, a
rumor had been in circulation here
to the effect that certain silver men
were formulating a plan which, if
carried out, would result in placing a
national silver ticket in the field for
the next national campaign. It is
not believed, however, that the plan
has as yet token any definite shape.
Senators Teller and Wolcott and a
number of others active in the cause
of silver in congress were not present
at to-day's meeting.
Increase of the Navy Favored.
Washington, Feb. 23.—In the sen
ate naval affairs committee a resolu
tion was adopted unanimously recoin
.mending the increase of the navy as
provided in the naval appropriation
bill passed by the house.
SHOT DEAD BY A WOMAN.
An Oklahoma Dressmaker Kills a Man
for Sbadosrlug Her.
Guthrie, Ok., Feb. 23.—Mrs. M. C.
Taylor, a dressmaker, to-day blew off
the head of William II. Harrison with
a shot gun. .she had applied for a di
vorce and the case was set for to
morrow. She claims that her bus
band hired Harrison to shadow her
and get evidence against her. Har
rison, she savs, has dogged her for
weeks and this morning entered her
bouse. When she ordered hint out
and he refused to go, she killed ihim.
DAIRY AND POULTRY.
INTERESTING CHAPTERS FOR
OUR RURAL READERS.
How Bueerasful Farmers Ops rata This
Depart mint of tho Homestead—Hints
as to tho Caro of Urs Stock and
Poultry. _
Cheese from a Wisconsin Stand point.
Recently I went to Chicago to learn
what I could about Wisconsin cheese
from the Chicago buyers’ standpoint. I
soon formulated a list of questions
that I put to the different men inde
pendently, and I was surprised to find
such a uniformity in their answers,
writes J. W. Decker in Hoard’s Dairy
man. The filled cheese business nat
urally came into the discussion. The
leading firms said, *'We handle filled
goods, not because we want to, but be
cause we are forced to. We kept out
of it as long as we could, but we have
been obliged to handle the stuff or go
out of the cheese business altogether,
for other firms quote cheese at a lower
price than we can sell full cream goods
for, and we have to meet their prices,
or not sell any cheese. One firm, how
ever, has gone into the manufacture of
filled cheese and is operating Borne
thirty factories, eight at least of which
are in Wisconsin.’’ (I hope the farmers
will instruct their legislators to shut
them un without deluv.l When asked
what was going to be the result if the
filled business was not stopped, the
unanimous reply was: ‘The ruina
tion of the cheese business.” Are the
farmers of Wisconsin going to
stand by and allow this? We need na
tional as well as state legislation on the
subject. We have ten men in congress
who can and will make things pretty
hot on the subject at Washington, if
the fanners of the state will only in
sist on it. One Chicago dealer said:
“I have spent about $2,000 in the
last few years to fight the oleo busi
ness and I am getting tired of giv
ing money for that purpose, when the
farmers who take their milk to the fac
tories take home butterine instead of
butter." (He mentioned a certain dis
trict where that was quite generally
done.) If we are going to down this
filled business, the farmers must unite
in the effort to down it, and as soon as
they are united to a man, the legisla
tors will not dare go against the will
of the farmers, for they would rather
be sure of their positions than the oleo
men’s money. So much for the “filled”
business. The replies to my questions
showed that there has been a decrease
in the make of cheese in Wisconsin
in the last decade. One buyer said
that eight or nine years ago the
offerings on the Fond du Lac board
would be 5,000 boxes and if he
wanted 2,000 boxes he could got them,
but now when the offerings are sel
dom over 3,000 and usually 1,500 to
2,000, he cun not get what he wants.
I asked him if the cause of smaller of
ferings was not in the greater number
of boards of trade; he said no, that he
could not get the cheese. I know that
quite often a buyer has orders to buy
as many or more cheese than are of
fered on a board, and if he goes in
to “scoop the board,” the other buyers
will run the price up on him. Our
home consumption has been decreas
ing. We ought to make cheese enough
to supply not only our home trade, but
the foreign as well. Why should our
Wisconsin farmers not share the En
glish cheese money that Canada gets?
A dealer told me that he shipped 4,700
boxes to England and canceled orders
for 4,000 more because he could not
get the cheese. One trouble the buy
ers meet is that our factories are
small and they can not get large
even lots. To make a bad matter
worse, a factory will make half flats
and half Cheddars, or half flats and
half Young Americas. In order to get
the Cheddars the buyer has to take
the flats, which he does not want, and
he probably cuts on the price to come
out even. When the cheese are sent
to England, the dealer over there
writes back, “You sent us a lot of culls
that you had on hand. We want even
lots. Don’t send us any more culls,for
we can get even lots from Canada.”
The buyers were unanimous in saying
that the best nutty flavored cheese
come from northeastern and northern
Wisconsin. Southwestern Wisconsin
has better equipped factories and more
skillful makers, but the more northern
district seems to be endowed with the
naturally fine, nutty flavors which can
not do surpassed anywnere in tbe
world. Creameries have been crowding'
the cheese factories out of this district.
I asked the buyers if any finer flavored
butter could be made there than else
where, and they said no. I then
asked where the finest butter came
from, and they were unanimous
in saying, and that without
Hesitation, from the Elgin dis
trict. When asked what the cause of
the better flavored butter was, they
were not so sure, but thought it was in
the better feeding and care of the cows.
Northeastern Wisconsin is, then, pre
eminent in the cheese belt, and we
need have no fear of the business being
overdone. The butter business can be,
but not so with the cheese business.
In the fall of ’85, at the close of the
first season in a factory for myself, in
the “ledge” region, near Fond du Lac,
I sent cheese to the American Fat
Stock and Dairy show and won over
8200 in premiums, but I believe now I
did it through the fine flavored milk I
was getting, rather than in my skill as
a maker. I have been surprised since
to find out how little I knew about
cheesemaking. Northern New York,
Canada, and northern Wisconsin are in
the cheese belt. We should not only
drive out fraud goods, but foster the
business as Canada has done. I hope,
our farmers will realize that they have
been killing the goose that lays the
golden egg by making filled stuff,
■V
Flavor of Rlpv Otwm>
At the Knows Dairy meeting Mr.' A.*
W. Orner read a paper on “Ripening
Cream.” We give a portion of It and a
portion of the dlsousslon, as reported
by the National Dairyman:
Three reasons are given for ripening
cream. First, to get flavor In butter;
seognd, to secure thorough churning;
third, to Improve the keeping quality.
The first reason Is sound. It la lmpos
slble to get the fine, nutty flavor ex
cept from ripened cream. Second
reason Is also sound, and third reason
is in ■ some doubt Some experiments
seem to show that sweet oream butter
keeps beat, while others Indicate that
ripened oream butter keeps best; there1
la probably not muoh difference.
The ripened cream butter seems to
keep best at a temperature of 8S de
grees or less, but when the butter Is
kept at a temperature of 4S or 50 de
grees, then the sweet cream butter'
seems to keep better.
The cream should be stirred often
while rlpening--for two reasons. First,
to keep an even temperature; seoond,
to prevent the surface from thickening.
If the temperature Is not uniform the>
warmer parts ripen faster, and the
result will be an extra loss of fat In
the butter milk. This loss occurs be
cause the best temperature for churn
ing ripe cream la not best for cream
not ripe, and If oream is unevenly
ripened it Is impossible to secure tem
perature that Is best for all of It.
If the cream U allowed to stand
without stirring, the richer parts rise
to the surface, and the upper inch or
two becomes thick, being exposed to
air and moisture, evaporates, and clots
of cream form. If it takes several
days to get cream enough to churn, It
should be kept sweet. Sometimes,
cream will not ripen of itself in time
for next day’s churning. Then it be
comes necessary to use a starter.
The starter is simply ripened milk of
some kind. When it is added to oream
and well stirred in, the ripening germs
begin to grow rapidly, and in this way
begins to ripen. The starter most
often used is butter milk. This will do,
if butter of that churning was of good
flavor. If the butter was off in flavor,
butter milk should not be used. A
better method is to take skim, milk as
soon as it is separated, set It in a can ,
in a heating vat and raise temperature,
to 150 degrees.
Hold at this for ten or fifteen min
utes, then cool down and add to it 10
or 15 per cent of butter milk; keep in
clean can, well covered, at a tempera
ture of 00 to 05 degrees. This is used
for next day’s cream. The amount of
starter depends upon condltloh of
cream, temperature of creajn and
length of time cream has to stand.
Generally from eighteen to twenty
hours is required fpr cream to ripen.
Ripened cream has a very fine, granu
lar appearance and a slightly acid
taste.
Mr. Hoffman—I understand from
the paper that the most important ob
ject in ripening cream was to obtain
flavor. Do we understand that the
flavor is put into the butter by ripen
ing the cream properly and if so why
do we often lack high flavored butter
in Kansas?
Mr. Orner—Both the flavor and pro
cess of churning depends on ripening
the cream at the same time. If the
cream was not ripe you would not have
the fine flavor.
Mr. Hoffman—I am aware that you
can spoil the flavor, but can you put a
flavor in it, that otherwise would not
be in it, by a certain process in ripen
ing? I made butter some years ago,
and really about the time Mr. Monrad
began talking about ripening cream it
seemed very strango to attempt it. I
believe that most of the writers claim
that the flavor is fed into the cow. ,
Mr. Nissley—Don’t you notice the
flavor in butter if you churn ripened
cream?
Mr. Hoffman—I can not tell when
the cream is just ripened enough. I
can tell the acidity of the cream, but
can not tell just immediately when the
point is ripened. How can you tell
when it is just ripened?
Mr. Lewellen—I will tell you that
cream has a granular appearance and
a slightly acid taste.
Mr. Orner—Ripened cream can be
ripened, and, at the same time, not be
soured. Appearances and slightly acid
taste show about 38 degrees acidity, by
Mann’s acid test. See Iowa bulletin SI.
Mr. Lewellen—If a man tries that
to-day, he must try it to-morrow in
order to know about it? Can he tell
by looking at it, or must he test each
time?
Mr. Orner—Take your teat of the
cream in the afternoon and you can
find out about how it is and after do
ing' it a few days you will know just
about how to cool or warm it.
Mr. Monrad—If you will allow me
to go back eighteen years ago when I
first learned to make butter, the Danes
ripened their cream but did not know
anything about bacteriology or Mann's
acid test. The very last thing before
going to bed was to go down and see
how the cream was getting along, stir
it up, smell and taste it. Look at the
thermometer. It is pretty cool and
hardly acid enough to be ripe for
churning at 5 a. m., then heat it up a
little. While I recommend every cream
ery to have an acid test—it is only a
guide. If you have a cold and can not
smell or taste, the test is a great
help to you. The experienced butter
maker has no use for the acid test
everyday and will know by smell,
taste and the look of the cream. But
it is a great help to beginners—to se
cure uniform work—and it is invalua
ble for experimental purposes.
Ci.ovks come to us from the-indies
and take their name from the Latin
clavis, meaning a nail, to wtkjch they
have a resemblance._
The onion was almost an object et
worship with the Egyptians 8,000 years
before the Christian en, U first CMM
from India.