kTION IN NEW YORK
LL UNSETTLED.
MMAHYITES MAT BOLT.
pocracy Win* of the
ply Hostile to Hlll‘8
-The Senator Getting
Jbf the Lend—lilt*
pnounced by Two
iruiup Paper*.
Oct 1.—Of almost as
it in this state is the
unsettled as to whether
ill or will not accept
Drial nomination is the
9 what the state Dem
her bodies of Democrats
Tammany and machine
Opinion is divided as to
and more than one
ician declares that Hill
reply to the committee
m until he can receive
information as to the
nd in the direction of
Ire heretofore been open
I him and his machine
B statement yesterday
■ open the campaign in
Btvided a united Dem
■ greet him, is peculiarly
M this point.
Bincant tne otner way is
ex-Secretary Charles S.
tinnan of the state Dem
ive committee, and two
i Democratic leaders of
a conference yesterday.
, refused to say what the
le conference would be,
(that the state Democracy
lublicly indorse the Sara
[and acknowledged that
[members of that faction
fly hostile to the head of
| ticket.
K1KDS BY TWO PAPERS.
L which has been an ad
f organ, in an editorial
Eng said:
ion of Mr. Hill wrecks
y harmony, since he
and creator of the
responsible for m
■ loudly proclaiming
is hopeless without
> friends have taken a
disunion chronic, and
to expiring dissent,
nd destruction for the
d of management. It
and unnatural. It
asm, weakens party
d destrovs the basis
Kilty. The Times would
Mty to the Democracy if it
pounce the work of this
Lbegun in such hopeful*
■ding in this act of incred
»e Democracy has lost a
ftunity.”
Bing Post, administration
leading editorial said:
sider Mr. Hill the most
man in American public
i a 'dare devil,’ and de
e considered such. He is
:o Tammany hall and all
and bad elements of
luse he represents what
at and strive for. Look
. the list of Democratic
Sew York, where do we
less? Where is his place
with Van Buren, Marcy,
’mour, Tilden, Cleveland?
f all these men is found
d the state. They all had
They had their battles,
s and their enemies, yet
judgment of to-day ac
that each and all of them
ms to statesmanship,
s David B. Hill done or
i that entitles him to a
procession? The people
k owe themselves the duty
in end to his unprincipled
bad example. That they
in the coming election we
e least doubt. The ma
Ist him ought to be larger
against Maynard, because
principal, where Maynard
le puppet and tool.”
IS LIFE AIMED AT?
mittee Witness Appo Claims
i Foes Tried to Kill Him.
sk, Oct. 1.—George Appo,
committee witness who
’ the doings of the green
and who was found yester
Joon with his throat cut,
ced in the Tombs police
iy. The cut is not serious.
» was arrigned Michael J.
!who, Appo says, cut him.
held for examination on
of having attempted sui
iardon for felonous assault.
Appo said that he went to
River hotel to serve some
for the Lexow comnlittee.
sre,” he continued, “I met
ietor, Baar. Baar’s place
rendezvous of the green
He used to get $10 for
that was steered in there,
i me to have a drink. He
open a bottle of wine, but
sky. Baar then asked me
mention his place
testimony I might give
e Lexow committee. 1
drinks and became dizzy,
ling I remember is seeing
itanding over me with a
id not cut myself and made
>t to stab Reardon. The
r I remember was when
me bound down in Cham
it hospital. I wanted to
If, but one of the police
iding over me threat
gouge my eyes out I
i a marked man ever
i a witness before the Lex
tee. I was followed last
when I pointed out the man
fter me to the policeman, I
ughter for my pains,
and Baar repeated their
tsterday that Appo went to
ksrazy drunk and said his
k>t worth $;. He said he
r he was squaro by cutting
P*d tried to do so with a
MAYOR HOPKINS IMPUQNBD.
Directly Charged With Accepting Uribes
from Chicago tiumiilers.
Chicago, Oct. 1.—During' the gam
bling investigation to-day by the
jprajid jury Detective Matt Pinkerton
■wore that he had positive evidence
that Mayor Hopkins had received
money from the gamblera Ho said
the money was given by the gamblers
with the understanding that they
were not to be interfered with. The
matter was not gone into thoroughly,
but it will be made the subject of
further investigation.
The Trade and Labor assembly, it
is reported, is to start a crusade
against high-toned gambling. The
board of trade, it is said, is to be at
tacked, and Washington park race
track is also in line as a place where
rich people bet their money. Club
waiters, it is claimed, will reveal
secrets, and card games on Michigan
boulevard as well as on Clark street
will be made public.
It is reported that repeated at
tempts have been made on the life of
Judge Brentano, who in his judicial
capacity has ordered the destruction
of paraphernalia taken in raids upon
gambling hells. In one instance ft is
said he was fired upon in his bed
chamber. The bullets came from
across the way. There is no clue to
the would be assassin.
The present grand jury returned its
final report to-day, finding twenty in
dictments against owners of property
used for gambling rooms Several
leading people were among those in
dicted, among them J. Irving Pierce,
proprietor of the Sherman house;
Owen F. Aldice, the capitalist, and
James R. Todd, a wealthy real estate
dealer.
The grand jury will be reconvened
and the investigation carried on,
backed by the civic federation.
In addition to the property owners
about fifty men were indicted,
charged with keeping gambling
houses. Among those indicted was
George V. Hankins, owner of the New
Harlem race track, and his business
partner, William Wightman.
HER DRESS BULLET PROOF.
Captain Manard Fires Shots at His Sister
In the Presence of Reporters.
Chicago, Oct 1. -Captain Manard,
the English marksman, last night
gave a private exhibition to
newspaper men of his new bullet
proof dress. He used a Martin-Henry
rifle. The first test was at a piece of
steel about one-eighth of an inch m
thickness. The cartridges which the
captain intended to use were handed
to the members of the press for safe
keeping. The first of these was fired
at the steel plate and the result wa s
a jagged hole.
“Shall I fire at the plate or the
lady this time?" asked Captain Man
ard, and there was a chorus of “At
the plate.’’ Again the bullet plowed
its way through the steel.
Those present refused a second time
to ask the young lady, who was Man
ard’s sister, to pose as a mark, but
the captain told her to step forward
and she did so without hesi
tation. His sister held a pack
of white cards in front
of her body and Manard fired. Miss
Manard moved just a trifle as a result
of the shock, but the smile never left
her face that had come to it at the re
fusal of those present to ask her to
stand in front of the rifle.
Other tests were made with the
regulation Springfield rifle in use in
the American army and with the
same result.
REVOLUTION IN CHINA.
A Chicago Chinese Merchant Predicts
One There Shortly.
Chicago, Oct. 1.—Speaking* of the
report of the rebellion of the troops
in China, Sam Moy, the local man
darin, said: “It means the beginning
of the end. We Chinamen wish to
see China win, but more than that
we wish our own emperor back in
place of the usurper, who now reigns
over us. For years the ’Gee-Hings’
have been growing in power and to
day they have generals and officers
in command of the army. The sole ob
ject of the ‘Gee-Hing* society is to
overthrow the present emperor and
restore the old dynasty. It is a se
cret society with millions of members
in China and 8,000 in California. The
emperor has offered $1,000 re
ward for the head of every 'Gee
Hing,’ but there is not enough money
in the treasury to pay for the heads.
The war with Japan will not last much
longer, for the Gee Hings will soon
be strong enough to come out openly
and dethrone the emperor.”
Mandarin Moy thinks this winter
will see a new emperor and an elabo
rate coronation in China, which many
Chinamen now in America will at
tend if they can beg or borrow the
money to cross the Pacific.
NEWS NOTES.
The president has appointed James
Comiskey as postmaster at St. Mary’s
Kan.
Twenty-five squatters on school
lands in Oklahoma have been arrested
on orders of the governor.
Elder Charles Baker of the Central
Christian church at Denton, Texas,
who disappeared June 14, has re
turned. He claims to have been the
victim of nervous prostration
The meeting of the Christian En
deavor convention next year has been
changed from San Franciscso to Bos
ton.
Fire in Leoti, Ear., destroyed the
Leoti Mercantile company’s building
and stock and two other buildings.
Losses $11,000.
Seventeen philanthropic societies of
Chicago joined in a welcome to Miss
Frances E. Willard on her return
from Europe. Many noted persons
spoke.
In payment of the interest due Oc
tober 1, 1794, on United States regis
tered 4 per cent consols of 1907 the
treasury mailed 30,832 checks aggre
gating $4,895,059.
The striking Newcastle, Col., coal
miners have adopted resolutions peti
tioning the Colorado fuel and iron
company to reopen the mines, agree
ing to work at the old wages, not to
strike for a year at least, and to give
thirty days’ notice when any change
in the wage scale is desired.
UGLY CHABGES MADE
EXPLORERS OP THE PEARY EX
PEDITION COMPLAIN.
Claim That They Wen Very Badly
Treated—Peary Did Not Allow Them
Baonib to Bat While Waiting for the
Belief Party—Mrs. Peary Cornea In Tor
a Share of the Complaint—No Aretle
Expedition Can Succeed With a Woman
In It.
The Peary Expedition.
Philadelphia, Pa., Sept. 20.—Since
the return of the Peary expedition
from North Greenland on Tuesday
last, there havo been stories of dissat
isfaction on the part of the members
concerning Peary's conduct on the en
terprise and the quality and quantity
of the food he compelled them to eat.
The interview had with Mrs. Peary
in Washington, in which sho said she
was at a loss to understand the com
plaints, has caused much discussion
here, and yesterday afternoon mem
bers of the party held a conference at
the Bingham house to consider the
advisability of making a statement of
their reasons for dissatisfaction. The
conference was held behind closed
doors and lasted several hours.
At its conclusion the members de
clined to state what had been decided
upon, further than it was not the in
tention to mako an answer to Mrs.
Peary’s statements at this time. The
party has not yet disbanded, however,
and a further consultation may be
held to-day.
W. T. Swayne, who was one of the
party and went out with Peary as pri
vate secretary, said: “Wo are under
no contract with Peary. As regards
dissatisfaction with his management,
the only agreement that exists was
made by us on board ship while we
were returning to Philadelphia. We
then agreed wo would say nothing un
less Mrs. Peary opened her lips.
“This she did yesterday, and I con
sider myself at perfect liberty to
speak. As for iny .contract with
Peary, it has been broken by him re
peatedly during the course of the ex
pedition.
“He agreed that we were to be
treated as gentlemen. For one thing
I can say that Lieutenant Peary cer
tainly did not act as a gentleman
among gentlemen. I see Mrs. Peary
has something to say about the food.
Let me give you our menu during the
last two months of our stav, while
we waited for the relief party.
The menu was the outcome of
Peary’s arrangements and was
due to insufficient provision in
the beginning: Breakfast, corn
meal mush, sprinkled by Peary with
sugar and with a sparing hand; bacon
with all the fat fried out of it; an oc
casional spoonful of Boston beans out
of a can; coffee. Lunch, boiled seal
meat, tasting like stale mutton fla
vored with coal oil; corn bread; tea.
Dinner, reindeer meat, when we could
get it; seal meat, when we could get
it; and—don't omit this—one-half a
slice of white bread; coffee.
“On Sunday evening, as a special
treat, we had for desert one can of to
matoes among the party.
“What Peary and his wife had we
don’t know. They lived apart and
not one of us was ever admitted to
their quarters. Peary treated us to
a lot of red tape and autocratic rule
that had serious consequences. I am
lame on account of it. He would
order some of us to go a seventy-five
mile sledge journey to get food for
his dogs and only give us an hour's
warning, when half a day should
have been accorded. My toe, which
lames me, was frozen in just that
way.
“And one thing that I can add, no
Arctic expedition can ever succeed
with a woman along to hamper it.”
KANSAS FREIGHT RATES.
Attorney Onqral Little Holds Connty
Attorneys Nnst Enforce Scliednlls.
Toi*eka, Kan., Sept 29.—Yesterday
Governor Lewelling received a com
munication from I. P. Cunningham of
Wichita, complaining of excessive
freight charges by the railroad com
panies. He referred it to Attorney
General Little, who, in an opinion
rendered to the governor to-day, says
that the state board of railroad com
missioners reached the limit of its au
thority when it promulgated a lower
schedule of rates for the entire state
a few months ago, and the county
attorneys must enforce the penalties
provided by statutes for violations of
the new schedule.
Shota at a President.
Panama, Sept 29.—News has been
received from Costa Rica of an anarch
ist's attempt to assassinate President
Yglesias during the military review
in San Jose. Five shots were fired.
Dynamite was found in the house
where an accomplice named Jimener
lives. The police seized documents
which give evidence of a widespread
conspiracy.
Loved Bor Wheel Bent.
PBn.ABKi.PBiA, Sept 29.—The bicy
cle has at last come to the front as
the cause of the separation of a cou
ple and of divorce proceedings.
Matthias L. La Freve, in his petition
for divorce from his wife, charges
that she deserted him because he was
unable to ride his wheel any longer
and wanted her to give hers up.
New York's Constitution Adopted,
Albany. N. Y., Sept 29.—The con
stitutional convention has adopted
the new constitution as reported from
committee of the whole. The vote
was 95 ayes and 45 noes, two Repub
lican members voting with the mi
nority.
Five Thousand gar Thompson Steel
Work* Men Most Ueet a Redaction.
Pittsburg, Pa., Sept 29.—The
Carnegie company proposes to "re
adjust" the wages of its 5,090 em
ployes in the Edgar Thomson steel
works. This, of course, means a re
duction. The men have been work
ing under a three year scale which
will expire October 30. Since the
scale was formulated the Amalgam
ated association has agreed to several
heavy cuts in wages paid by union
competitors of the Carnegie company
and the latter claims that it must
meat these redactions.
SENATOR HILL'S POLICY.
R* Will Wot assign Bit Beat la the C. A
Senate.
Mkw York, Sept 89.—Close friends
of Senator Hill doelare that if he
should finally decide to accept the
Democratic nomination for governor
he will not resign his seat in the son*
ate and it is also said that he will re*
main in the senato even if he should
bo elected governor because the legis
lature is Republican and would, in
the event of his resignation, send a
Republican to tho senate. Some of
his friends, among them Congressman
Tim Campbell, declare that he will
accept the Demoeratlo nomination for
governor and go into the campaign
to win. If he is elected he will
qualify as governor and immediately
resign to resume his career in the
senate. Lieutenant Qovernor Look
wood will succeed to the governor*
ship, and In this way it is hoped that
harmony will be restored in the
Democratic party in New York. Hill
will then bido his time until the
national convention in 1899. His
name will then bo placed in nomina
tion for the presidency, and the fact
will be cited that he carried New
York in the doubtful year of 1894,
when candidates were soarce and
issues very complex.
The senator anticipates that there
will be no objection to this program,
his friends sny, on the part of the
Cleveland Democifets of New York.
It is pointed out that Demoeratlo suo*
coss in New York in November virtu
ally means the election of Represen
tative Daniel L. Lockwood of Buffalo,
an ardent supporter of President
Cleveland, as governor. Senator Hill
will, it is said, not occupy tho oillce
more than a week at most.
Lockwood has the prestige of being
nn original Cleveland man. He nom
inated Grover Cleveland for sheriff of
Erie county, for mayor of Buffalo, for
governor of New York and finally for
president of tho Unitod States. His
acceptation of the nomination for
lieutenant governor cannot, it is
argued, fail to elieit tho support of
the president and of tho administra
tion generally, especially as it is un
derstood that ho is to bj tho gover
nor de facto in tho event that the
Democrats carry tho election.
' The Times and the Post ■ repudiate
the “harmony'* deal warmly, and tho
former declares that Hill will bo held
responsible for the Maynard disgrace,
while the latter holds that Hill is the
most dangerous man in American
public life, unprincipled in every way
and with no claim to statesmanship.
Albany, N. Y., Sept 88.—Charles
R. Defreest, clerk of the Democratic
state convention, has appointed the
following committee to wait upon
Messrs. Hill, Lockwood and Gaynor
and notify them of their nomination:
James VV. Hinc.iiey, chairman of tho
Democratic state committee;Congress
mae Bourkc Cockran, James D. Bell,
Senator Amass .1. Parker and ex-Sen
ator Charles P. McLelland. Of course
none of the candidates will show dis
courtesy to the committee by giving
their answer to the people before the
visit of the committee.
CORBETT FEELING SORB.
The Champion Resents CrlllcUlms of Sul
livan and Fitzsimmons.
Portland, Me., Sept. 3 9.—Pugilist
Corbett was indigbant to-day when
shown the dispatch sent out by John
L. Sullivan, accusing him of beating
about the bush, lie said; “These
people do not cut any ice with me.
Sullivan lias always had more mouth
than courage. He is a quitter from
the word go, and I don’t want to have
anything to do with him. He is out
of it But there is one thing—if I
ever meet Fitzsimmons in the ring
I will make a better fight than Sulli
van did with mo. Of course, Jake
Kilrain, Sullivan and Jackson are
sore and I know it, but that does not
make any difference with me. The
Olympic club does not want a fight;
they want to make money out of me.
Now, I am not inclined to let them
until I have proof that Fitzsimmons
is somewhere in my class, and this be
can demonstrate by knocking out
O’Donnell. I am making good money
now and am not taking any risks to
please any number of soreheads.”
Corbett became excited as he talk".'!
and plainly showed that he was deep
ly touched by tbe various stories
which had been circ^iatjd within the
past few hours.
Mrs. fltanfosct Handles Millions*
San Francisco, Sept. 80. — Jane
Lathrop Stanford ha> filed in the pro
bate court her first annual account os
executrix of the estate of the late
Senator Stanford. The account covers
the period from June, 1893, to Sep
j tember, 1894, during1 which time Mrs.
i Stanford has handled money from the
| estate to the amount of $1,575,000 and
I lias disbursed during the same prriod
81,371,000._
The Debs Argument Concluded.
Chicago, Sept 89.—The arguments
in the Debs case were completed to
day, Attorney Irwin of St Paul fin
ishing for the defense in an address,
in which he intimated that the rumors
that the railroad officials were respon
sible for the burning of cars during
the strike would be investigated, and
Associate Counsel Edwin Walker mak
ing the closing speech for the prose
cution.
Mexican Cattle Coming.
DsNveb, Col., Sept 2 9.—Colorado
cattlemen and ranchmen aro consid
erably excited over reports that Mex
ican cattle barons intend to ship
stock into Colorado to fatten on gov
ernment lands. Efforts will be made
to shut out foreign cattle by means of
national and state quarantine regula
tions.
Warden Pnce Vindicated.
Jefferson City, Mo., Sept. 2a —The
board of prison inspectors to-day in
vestigated the charges against War
den Pace preferrad by W. C. Belt,
late usher of the prison, of using beef
belonging to the prison for his pri
vate use, keeping a negro driver in
his employ at the penitentiary who
was trapped stealing letters, etc.
The inspectors examined a large
number of witnesses under oath and
found in favor of the warden in all
respects, but in regard to the negro
driver, Charles Dorton, recommended
hie immediate dismissal.
FARM AND GARDEN,
MATTERS OP INTEREST TO
AGRICULTURALISTS.
toma Dp to Data Hint* About Cultiva
tion of tho Boll and Yield* Thereof—
Bortlenltnro Viticulture and Vlorl*
ealturo.
Plowing.
A tub-committee, instructed to re
port lie suggestions on plowing to
the Massachusetts state board of ag
riculture, submitted the following:
The importance of the proper prep
aration of the soil for the reception
of the seed can not be too highly esti
mated. The correctness of this propo
sition will be readily admitted by
those who remember the fact that
such a preparation la absolutely neces
sary to Insure paying success In the
raising of any given crop. Not only
Is the germination of the seed affected
by neglect in this matter; but the
future growth pf the embryo plant
will also be seriously, If not disas
trously, retarded by it. The laws of
nature will not be annulled nor sus
pended to accommodate those who
from Ignorance neglect, or from shllf
leasneas fall, to obey those laws. The
complete and thorough pulverization
of the soil is essential la order that
the tiny and tender rootlets of the
growing plant may not be hindered
nor baffled in their tireless search for
subsistence. In this preparatory
work the plow performs the initial,
and, in some respects, the most im
portant part; for no succeeding oper
ations with harrow, cultivator, horse
or hand hoe, can compensate for
the failure of the plow to do Its
work welL The application of scien
tific rules and principles in the con
struction of this important implement,
so as to secure ease in draft as well as
in the holding, has made this part of
the work comparatively easy and
pleasant to both team <and plowman.
To secure first-class work (and no
other will answer the purpose), three
things are absolutely necessary—a
good plow, that Is, one well adapted
to the nature of the work to be done,
a well-trained and able team,and last,
though by no means least in import
ance, a skillful plowman. The im
provements in the construction of the
plow that the last forty years have
witnessed have been wonderful in
deed. The contrast between the
clumsy, ill-constructed, and unsightly
wooden plow, shod with wrought
iron, used forty years ago, and the trim,
bright, and sharp-cutting steel plow
of to-day, though great Indeed, Is not
greater than the difference in the
character of the work performed.
The “cut and cover” work of former
years, with, in many instances, but a
precious little of either “cut or cover, ”
has been succeeded by the well-cut,
neatly turned, and properly disinte
grated furrow of to-day, with the
difference in ease of after cultivation,
and the ultimate results secured a»
widely variant.
Folnts on Buckwheat.
W. E. Farmer, writing in American
Cultivator, says: Despite the low
prices of wheat, corn and many other
grains, buckwheat hassold fairly well
this season, and proved remunerative
to those who happened to grow it last
season. Many farmers will be turn
ing their attention from corn and
wheat to oats and buckwheat this sea
son, and a word about its culture may
not be amiss just before the seeding
time. If the market reports of any of
the leading cities are studied they will
find that there is a wide difference In
the quotations of buckwheat, differ
ent qualities and varieties varying,
from 1 to 0 or 7 cents per bushel.
Even 4 cents a bushel would mean
enough on products of a large farm to
determine the question of profit and
loss
II the buckwheat brought to market,
and thus variously rated in value, was
examined by any practical farmer or
grower it would not take him long to
decide that there is really a great dif
ference in the grain. Such an exami
nation would be of benefit to every
one engaged in agriculture. He woulo
go home again and decide to raise only
the finest. It is true that there are
certain soils and localities that are
just suited to the culture of buck
wheat, and excellent grain is grown
there without very much cultivation.
But the fair buckwheat soil can be
made to produce as good grain as any
that comes to market. The soil fot
buckwheat needs to he only medium
in fertility, but the culture must be
good. Virgin woodland soil is excel
lent for this grain. If the soil is too
rich the grain does not fill well, and
the stalks take all the nutriment
Buckwheat can consequently come
after another crop very well without
extra fertilizing. It is an excellent
crop to sow on land where oats, bar
ley or corn have been sown, but de
stroyed by bad weather. Such land
seeded to buckwheat right away will
help the owner out of his difficulty
and save him from the entire loss of
his crop.
The best time for sowing the crop is
the last of June or the first of July.
Very early vegetables can be sown on
the land and harvested before it is
necessary to sow the buckwheat, and
two crops may thus be gathered Good
pasture or clover land may be used
for the purpose, and the first crop of
grass can be fed to the cattle, or har
vested before it is time to sow the
buckwheat. The ground should be
worked over well, however, before the
seed is sown, and then half a bushel
of seed drilled in or sown broadcast to
the acre will yield a good crop. After
sowing the ground should be rolled
evenly. If fertilizers are to be used
it should be remembered that potash
end phosphoric acid are the elements
moat needed. Prolonged end exoea*
alee drouth In August will aometimes
bluat aome of the flowers, but talcing '
It nil In all the crop la about aa aura
aa any that we eaa ralae on the farm
Peu and Cowpeas for the North.
The value of peae aa a fodder crop
la just beginning to be appreciated by
northern and western farmers, wrltea
C. 8. Waltera In Germantown Tele
graph. Until very recently the cow
peas were auppoaed to be fit only for
southern land where the grass would
not grow well. But we are now pretty
well satisfied from experience that
oowpeaa should not be restricted to
the south, but there is a real mission
for them to perform in the north. But
the mission is not the same probably
in the two aeetlona In the south ooW
peas are essentially for a forage crop,
but In our eolder climates they are
more valuable for turning under as
green manure. Clover and corn grow
so rapidly and luxuriantly here that
it will be some time before better for
age plants can be obtained. Still,
cowpeas can and have been cultivated
In the north for forage erops with re
sults that are highly satisfactory. The
cowpeas are rapid growers, and In
eighty-five days from sowing,the crop
Is a large one and ready for turn
ing under. As a fertilizer this crop
ranks almost equal to clover, but we
have to wait eighteen months for a
good crop of the latter to turn under.
The cowpeas are sown early in the
spring as soon as the land is warm
enough for seeds, and they spring up
rapidly and mature without any dan
ger from being killed by extreme
weather. In the ease of clover, how
ever, considerable risk is run, and
there is danger of the whole crop be
ing killed either in the middle of the
summer or from winter cold. Besides,
clover is hard to "catch” on most soils,
whereas cowpeas do well on any kind
of a fair soil. The contrast between
the two crops for green manure is thus
ull In favor of the cowpeas. The.
vines of the cowpeas are large
enough to separate the soil in which
they are plowed so that they induce
porosity in very thick, heavy land.
The vines rot and decompose rapidly,
so that within a few months after they
have been turned undor the green ma
nure is almost ready to be absorbed by
the plants. Two bushels of seed to
the acre will yield a very large crop
even in our cold states, and the vines
should grow over two feet high. In
the south the pea vines have consider
able feeding value that nearly all
farmers avail themselves ol For
sheep the cowpeas might prove of con
siderable value in the north. We have
just had it demonstrated to us at the
experiment stations that there is no
better food for sheep than our com
mon garden peas. The pea vines are
all rich in nutritious food, and the
peas themselves contain elements that
can not be supplied in any more con
venient form. Those Interested in
raising peas for sheep should sow the
field with about two bushels of the
small Canada field pea with one bushel
of oats to the acre. About as many
peas are obtained in this way as if
hey were sown alone. The results
are much better by mixing, for the
oats will yield a fair crop after the
peas have been gathered. The sheep
should be fed most of the crop green,
but when the vines are cured and kept
for winter use they eat nearly every
thing up, including vines and old
peaa
Importance of Thinning Crops*
I am satisfied that bat few farmers
know the importance of thinning.
They seem to think that nothing needs
thinning but corn, says L. W. Ander
son in Farm and Borne. One bought
some raspberries of me and said:
"Come look at my vines and tell me
what is the matter with them; they
are a good kind, but won't bear.”
I looked and saw at once. I said:
“How many stalks have you in each
hill?”
He laughed and said, “About forty.”
I said:
“What is the use of carrying your
brains around with you if you don’t
use them?”
xnere are len Biraw Derry plants
where should be one as a rule. One
good, thrifty, well-formed blackberry
or raspberry stalk is worth a dozen
over-crowded, thriftless limbless onea
1 once planted a big potato whole to
get big potatoes and got a big hill full
of little potatoes. It would have been
all the same if I had planted a big ear
of corn whole in a hill and expected
big corn. Potatoes should be thinned
to one or two eyes before planting.
Few farmers do it To thin my crop
as I ought has taken more nerve than
anything I have undertaken on the
farm.
The Fabm Day—We do not look
favorably upon this fourteen hours a
day on the farm as the period set apart
for hard labor. It is a slavish practice
and never ends well. A man may oc
casionally in some unforeseen way get
into circumstances that compel such a
sacrifice for a limited time, and this is
excusable,but to go deliberately about
arranging one's affairs with the ex
pectation of putting in this amount of
time at manual labor in each twenty
four hours of the season is out of
reason. It is not consistent with the
fundamental ideas of existence. From
dawn till dark is a long time in early
summer. It should afford a period of
rest in the middle of tne day for farm
laborers who begin early and late. It
will pay better in the end.
Blacxbkbries require no trimming
in the spring, excepting to prevent
too large a growth of fruit. For large
fruit trim freely.
If farmers fully appreciated the
great advantage of a fruit garden few
would be without one.
Blackberr xs should be pinched
back when fifteen inches high.
•SfsJ it