fe* f
' ' Mora Borni, Leu Milk.
The removal or suppression of the
L horns of cows increases the supply of j
milk and the animal fats, says the
Boston Globe. The fact is a strange!
one, but there is no doubt about it.
' The horns are not of much use, and,
On the other hand, are often the cause
of accidents. The removal of the
horns of young animals was recom
■ mended years ago by a distinguished
.^veterinary surgeon, and Neumann
demonstrated that cows without horns
were fatter and gave more milk than
others, lie saw four Dutch cows with*
out horns give from eighteen to nine
teen _ quarts of milk a day, although
on different pastures, whereas others
of the same breed, but with horns,
only gave twelve to fifteen quarts,
In spite of the fact that they had the
advantage of excellent grazing land.
American breeders have made experi
ments which amply confirm the state
ment made above. Those in favor of
the removal of horns do not
, in the least intend to countenance
any not of cruelty; the removal
would be effected in a simple and easy
manner, by destroying the tissue or
' foot of the horn, as soon as there was
the slightest sign of hardening on the
forehead of the young animal. But
without entering into any discussion on
this head, simply note the fact that tho
removal of the horns increases the
supply of milk. Although strange at
first sight, it does not appear so extra
ordinary upon consideration. It is
known by experience that the removal
-of an organ which has no utility loads
to beneficial results in other ways If
then, the animal is more content, if its
domestication is more thorough and
complete, if it gives a better return to
the owner of the quantity and quality
of its mllk.it is natural to suppose that
it. will raise a better calf, that shall be
a better feeder and have also the
capacity of its sire and dam to grow
faster, mature earlier and generally do
better.
Beet ftugar Indaactry la lUnlk
The beet Industry, is one of the most
important branches of agricultu-e asd
manufacture in Russia, and beet sugar
not only supplies the whole wants of
the Russian empire, but is exported in
▼cry considerable quantities to Aus
tria, Germany and other countries,says
Indian Agriculturist. The United
States consul-general at St. Peters
burg says that the cultivation of beets
took its rise in Russia at the begin
ning of the present century simultan
eously with its Introduction into West
ern Europe. The government from
the first has taken an exceedingly ac
tive interest in this industry, and it
has been strongly supported by the
sevoral agricultural and economic so
cieties of the empire. To the first or
ganizers of beet plantations and sugar
factories handsome prizes in money
and in government concessions were
awarded; in fact, this industry lias
been in every way encouraged, sup
ported and patronized by the govern
ment, The varieties of beets grown
in the empire have their origin very
generally in France and Germany; of
these the French appear to contain the
greatest quantity of saccharine mat
ter, while the German varieties will
produce the largest number of bush
els per acre, the difference in the lat
ter respect being about 25 per cent.
Great care is taken in preparing the
soil for beets. The field is twice
plowed, the first time from seven to
eight, and the second from ten to
twelve inches deep. If the beet crop
follows cereals the first plowing is
done immediately after harvest, and
the second just before frost sets in.
The implements used in working beet
fields are generally of very good con
struction, sometimes foreign-made,
and sometimes made in Russia after
foreign models. The fields are mostly
sown from the first to the last day in
April,, according to local conditions of
climate and soil. The seed is general
ly soaked in water, and then sown in
rows—about twenty to twenty-five
pounds of dry seed per acre. When
the beet sprouts show three or four
leaves the plantation is weeded, and
when the milk is given when sour or
when over-boiled or scalded, so that
care should be taken to keep every
utensil from which calves are fed as
scrupulously clean as are the milk
cans—on some farms! As to scalding
we think that the utensil should re
ceive all of it, for if the milk be pure
warming is sufficient and scalding
deleterious, hi ilk heated to a new
milk warmness is most suitable for
very young calves, and will not as a
rule cause scouring; the latter com
plaint is but a sign that the vessels
are foul, the milk sour or tainted
with contaminated water. It should
be remembered that scouring is simply
an aggravated symptom of indigestion,
and that the latter is due to some
error in the condition, quantity or
quality of the f iod. It may of course
be due in some bad cases to inherited
tuberculosis or milk from a sick cow,
but in nine cases out of ten the fault
is in the condition of milk used as
food, that might be kept or rendered
harmless. Calves will if not watched
often eat ‘‘foreign bodies” such as
bedding, leaves, hair, etc., and this
habit is often blamed for the diarrhea
that occurs, but the depraved appetite
is merely a symptom of the indigestion
that led to scouring.
Thinning Corn.
It has been urged by some that it is
best to plant about three times as
many kernels of corn per acre as is
wished to have mature stalks, thinning
the corn when of proper size—say from
six to fourteen inches high—being
careful to remove the weaker stalks.
In order to compare the results of this
method with those of the method of
planting only so many kinds as will
give the desired number of stalks per
acre without thinning, Mr. Franklin
Stump, foreman of the Ohio Experi
ment Station farm, conducted the fol
lowing experiment: Four-fifths of an
acre of land from which soil had been
removed some years since for making
brick, was divided into four equal
plots A strip of uniform width across
the plots, as laid out, hence involving
an equal amount of each plot, grew
melilotus, or sweet clover, the four
f good FRIDAY, THE PRIZE SHETLAND PONY, OWNED BY SiR WALTER GILBEY OF ENGLAND.
Fish Guano-- •'
ThU is » material the use of which
la largely Increasing, says Farmers’
Gazette. It consists of dried and
powdered fish, or fish refuse. Some
times it is made from whole fish
sprats, herrings, menhadden, etc.—
wh'ch are boiled to remove the bulk of
the oil (which' is' a valuable commer
cial product), the residue being then
dried for manure. Sometimes—and
•very largely—it consists of the residue
' -of offal from the cod fisheries, haddock
and herring curing operations, market
fish offal, etc., similarly treated or
>simply dried. The more the oil has
been extracted, the better the manure,
'. Tor the more rapid is its decomposition.
- Oil retards this, and is in itself useless
«s a manure. In good fish guanos the
nitrogen varies from 7 to 8 per cent
up to 10 or 12 per cent, and the phos
phates from about 6 to 16 per cent. As
a rule, the higher the nitrogen the
lower the phosphates. Like Peruvian
guano, fish guano furnishes both
1 phosphates and nitrogen; but its nitro
gen is all in the form of undecomposed
animal matter, whereas in guano it is
alread largely in the form of actual
ammonia. Peruvian guano, therefore,
acts much more rapidly than fish
guano; and while the former is gen
orallv best applied in the spring, fish
guano is generally best applied in the
^ autumn, so that it may become well
rotten by the time it is wanted. It is
much valued in market gardening and
as a manure for hope
;,V'- Poultry Sotos. ,
Feed the old hens clover and less
carbonaceous food in the latter part of
winter and they will give better satis
w.. faction.
Bn careful'about pouring out brine
. or leaving pieces of salt, salt meat or
salt fish lying around, you are. liable
C to lose your turkeys if you do.
, < Westers breeders agree that one
can seldom obtain*thirty chicks from a
young gobbler, and that a 3-year-old
is better than one 2 years old.
If a flock becomes diseased the land
• which they wander over is liable to
v. become contaminated and infect other
docks that occupy the same ground.
Corn is all right when turkeys can
find their own green food and insect
ration to go on with it. but when they
,*V; get little exercise they become ab
normally fat.
at the same time the soil is loosened
with the aid of a light hand machine,
called motyga, care being taken to
soften only the upper layer of the. soil.
The superfluous plants are afterward
weeded out, so that those remaining
are from ten to twelve inches apart.
The weeding and loosening are re
peated five or six times, until the beet
leaves cover the snrface. The harvest
begins generally in the last days of
August, and ends about the first of
October. The crop is gathered with
he aid of a hand spade or a two
pronged fork specially adapted for the
purpose. When the beet is taken out
of the ground it is cleared of earth and
topped; the small portion of the root
also is cut away, great care being
taken not to injure the root proper.
The beets are then carefully piled on
the field and covered.
Feeding the Calf.
To the average dairy farmer this is a
subject of but little interest, for he
much prefers to sell at once rather
than “bother" with the “hand-raising"
of the calves that come almost month
ly in his stables. But to the farmer's
wife it is a matter of great import
ance. She it is who usually has the
"bother” alluded to; she it is that
hand raises the calves and frequently
sees not a dollar of the money that
they bring ip when matured. Truly
therp is a great deal of trouble involved
In some methods of calf feeding, But
it is as true that the work may be
much simplified if thought is given to
it rather than mere labor and old
fashioned ideas. Is there, for in
stance, any sense or necessity for feed
ing each calf by itself in rotation as is
so often done? We see none. Neither
is it a good plan to allow all of the
calves to drink out of a trough like
pigs. The best plan we have ever
seen or heard of—unless it be to pro
vide artificial teats and udders—is to
construct a calf stanchion in a lot or
pen and teach the youngsters to come
up and stand secured just like the
cows do to receive their separate ra
tions from pails set in front of them
secure from the interference of the
other calves. As to food we do not
mean to say a great deal. Every
farmer’s wife knows that nothing is so
good as milk for a young calf, but too
often forgets . that the milk must
be in proper condition for the calves
to drink. Trouble frequently occurs
seasons of 1888 to 1891 inclusive
The melilotus was not cut,
but was allowed to go down each year
and reseed the land. A crop of wheat
was cut from the land in 1893. Aside
from any effect which the melilotus
may have had, the land was practical
ly uniform in quality and condition.
Two plots were planted at the rate of
one grain per foot in the rows. The
seed was excellent and almost abso
lutely every grain grew. These plots
were not thinned. Two plots were
planted at the rate of three grains per
foot in the rows, and were thinned to
practically the same number of stalks
per acre as were then on plots one and
three. The thinning was done July 7,
just four weeks after planting, and the
corn ranged from one to two feet high.
The plots which were thinned yielded
690 pounds of ear corn, while those
which were not thinned yielded 813
pounds, a decrease of 14 per eeit due
to the thinning process. This was an
excentionally dry season. The thin
ning probably caused more injury than
would ordinarily result.
fVAHnxA Snow Eggs.—Beat stiff the
whites of six eggs; have ready on the
fire a pint of milk sweetened and
flavored with vanilla; as soon as it
bolls drop the beaten egg into it by
tablespoonfuls, and as soon as they be
come set dip them out with a tin; slice
and arrange them according to fancy
upon a broad dish; allow the milk in
the saucepan to cool a little, and then
stir in the yelks of the egg very grad
ually. When thick, pour around the
snowed eggs, and serve cold.
Bn-s Ntk's Moddl Fabm.—Bill Nyt
has decided to stop lecturing. In an
interview at Chicago, he said: “The
fact is, I can not keep up writing and
lecturing. The work is too hard; and
then, my family, for whom I toil, are
anxious to see more of me. I shall
close my platform career in a few
weeks, and go to my home in the
mountains of North Carolina in time
to gather my strawberry crop on my
model farm. I call it a model farm
because it costs me three times as
much to run it as I get out of it, and I
understand from competent agricul
tural sources that is what constitutes
a model farm.”
Bowel troubles seem to be more
prevalent in turkeys than any other
disease, and a bird that gets sick is
very apt to die.
KER'BIICAN DOCPLNE.
THE SUGAR BOUNTY.
(t Colt Ten Hlllloni nad Gave Five Cent
■near—The Wllson-Voorhees Bill Abol
hlw» the Bounty and Raises the Price
Forty-One Millions—It Pots the Entire
Sugar Interests In the Hands of the
Trust—The People Will Pay Twice,
Once to the Government and Once to
the Trust.
The sugar bounty clause of the Mc
Kinley bill is for the benefit, not of
Louisiana alone, but for all the states
in the northwest engaged in or adapted
to sorghum and beet root sugar. The
idea is to encourage, to stimulate the
| production of cane, of so.-ghum, and
beet root sugar in this country and to
afford occupation for our farmers and
planters as well as to our manufactur
ers,
ine ablest European students have
said that if this policy was maintained
it would, in ten years, render the
United States independent of Cuba and
(iermany and capable of producing
every pound of sugar we need. In
many sections of the northwest sor
ghum and beet root constitute an im
portant and most profitable item of
farming.
Withal sugar is free and the product
of the world is at the disposition of our
consumers, so that the poor man gets
it at a price before unknown. Home
competition, stimulated by a bounty,
with free imports, made a combination
beneficial to farmers and to all who
used sugar.
Louisiana has taken a new hold on
life, sorghum and beets are cultivated
all through our west, and the farmer
finds a new cash and profitable crop to
handle. The poor, the middle class
mid even the rich find sugar cheaper
than they had dreamed it could be.
What has this cost?
Ten Million dollars a year.
W hat does the senate propose to do?
So near as can be learned from the
intimate relations existing between the
sugar trust and democratic members of
the committee an import tax of some
$41,000,000 is to be levied, and the
bounty cut off without warning.
The result will be that crops, which
last year brought good money, will be
unplanted this year or, if planted will
be valueless. Beet roots will be fed to
hogs and sorghum cane left to rot in
the fields. The factories erected in so
many neighborhoods to manufacture
these sugars will stand idle and our
product of sugar will fall off at once to
a mere trifle in Louisiana and ultimate
ly disappear entirely.
Sugar, now from four to five cents a
pound, will go higher, first of the tax
and, second because once our home
product is wiped out, we shall be whol
ly dependent on the foreign crop. Ger
man and Cuban sugar, already con
trolled by the trust of New York im
porters, and refiners, will be put up in
price from month to month while the
masses of the people will have to pay
at both ends.
Silver and Work.
The future of these two is insepara
ble. One dependson the other. A wider
use of silver not only at home, but
abroad, depends largely on a protec
tive policy. Cleveland's free trade gold
bond policy is hostile to Silver as well
as to American labor.
Free trade is sure to bring excessive
imports of British. French and German
goods to crush out competition of our
own factories. W hat are we giflng to
send abroad to pay for them? Silver?
Oh, no! Gold is the only thing the
English banker will take and he will
drain our gold reserve with one hand
while he crushes our industries with
the other.
Here at home our silver circulates
freely and on an equality with gold.
New England buys cotton of the south,
wheat and corn from the northwest,
fruits, eta, from California and Flor
ida. She sends cotton fabrics to every
portion of our country. Every portion
of our country has one or more special
articles which the rest of the country
needs. This interchange is continually
increasing under protection. By this,
the use of silver is made greater. Stop
these mills, stop this interchange, rely
on foreign countries and gold must go
abroad to pay for these articles The
English banker will then hoard our
gold while the foreign workmen will
have more work, perhaps he will have
better wages, and we will be in the
soup business continually.
Well, if the Wilson bill passes we can
all go to farming. If we cannot sell
our crops, we can eat them and be con
tent to let the south get cheap labor.
Sell at Home.
There is a market in this country for
considerable over 90 per cent of every
thing produced within our borders.
This is an uncontrovertable fact. No
body disputes it, because the figures
absolutely show such to be the case.
Now, this being so, what reason is
there in the cry that we want free trade,
except it be as Mr. Mills once said: “In
order that we may reach out for the
markets of the world. In order that
we may sell where we can sell the dear
est and buy where we can buy the
cheapest.’’ Every farmer, every man
ufacturer, in fact every producer in all
the land has for the past ten years been
enabled to sell his products or wares
for a good profit over and above the
cost The labor employed has been
paid more by a very largo percentage
than labor in any other quarter of the
globe. Then how can we better our
selves if, instead of consuming our
products at home, we send them abroad?
To buy abroad closes our factories and
reduces the wages paid laboring men.
It would seem as though the proposi
tion was perfectly plain that such a
course would not benefit any class of
business or labor, but, on the contrary,
it would result as the republican lead
ers have always predicted, widespread
~uin and disaster.
Panics.
How many panics producing idle
ness and poverty have occurred in the
United States under the operation of a
high protective tariff? Every great
panic which paralyzed the industrial
interests of the United States has oc
curred under the operation of a low
tariff—the nearest approximation of
free trade.
Farmers Answer.
If protection is oppressive to the
farmers as a class, why were farmers
the first to enact it into law? (The
first congress was composed principally
of farmers)
IT WILL HURT.
At Claim that Free Trade for Farmer*
Will Help, I* Not Borne Oat bjr the
Experience of England.
It has often been urged that free
trade would benefit the farmer. A les
sons from England may not be inap
propriate.
It is a matter of public notoriety that
the record of farming in England for
the past thirty years has been one of
disaster. Figures show that in that
time 3,500,000 acres of land have been
driven from cultivation, made into for
ests and shooting grounds for the rich.
In 1863 England raised 17,000,000
quarters of wheat and in 1893, 7,000,000.
Within six months English land owners
have been obliged to reduce wages to
eight shillings per week. Eight shil
lings is 8 3.00. How would our farmers
like to work for Slot per year? The
southern aristocracy would like it, the
great land owners might like it, but
how would it suit the people who have
to earn their living by agriculture.
An English Salt.
We are rep’eatedly told that English
clothes are so very much cheaper than
our own. The following, from Mr.
Urovesnor’s speech on the tariff bill
will be valuable as an illustration on
this point:
“Let me, in this connection, read you
a statement from one of the most prom
inent men in the business in Massachu
setts, and I am going to give the name
here and his location. It is Mr. Morey
Lapham of Worcester, Mass. The
statement which I have, and which I
stand behind and guarantee to be true,
is this:
One of the largest individual woolen
manufacturers in the country visited
scores of ready-made clothing stores.in
Liverpool to buy the lowest costing
wool suit of clothing he could find suit
able for his use on his voyage home,
and paid for it $11. Upon reaching
home, he went into the one-price cloth
ing store of Ware & Pratt, in Worces
ter, Mass., and called for the cheapest
all-wool suit of clothes suitable
for his own use. To hts amaze
ment they showed him a suit which
was an exact duplicate of the suit which
he had on. Some American manufac
turer of woolen cloth had taken a sam
ple of the woolen cloth in his English
suit and reproduced it, pick for pick,
wool for wool, weight for weight
color for color, and a much more
thoroughly trimmed and maid suit, and
it cost him $10.50.
[Applause on the republican side. ]
Now, Mr. Chairman, once for all, by
my personal observation and examina
tion I say that the common clothing of
the laboring men and the medium class
of men in this country is produced and
sold today in America at a rate way
under the price that it is produced in
England, or in any country on the Con
tinent of Europe. I am able to dem
onstrate the same thing in regard to
boots and shoes, and every possible
commodity that enters into the use of
the common people of the country; and
the time has come when the people of
America ought to be saved from further
appeals of the character which were
made here yesterday.
Business Confidence..
If the mere agitation of tariff reform
and the imminent danger of the pass
age of such a bill as the proposed meas
ure now pending in congress is suffi
cient to disarrange the business inter
ests of the country and entail wide
spread disaster throughout the land,
what will be the result if we have to
meet the reality and the bill is finally
passed and put into active operation?
It is said by those best able to make
the estimate that “an accurate calcula
tion would probably show that the
country has lost more in that period
(meaning the period of agitation) from
this policy or wickedness than has
been paid for protective duties levied
by all tariffs since the foundation of
the government ’’ This means that the
efforts of the democratic party to re
form the tariff have cost the business
interests of the country thousands of
millions of dollars. To the manufac
turer, to the farmer, to the laborer, to
the professional man, all of whom have
suffered beyond words to express, let
the question be asked, does it pay?
If you are in doubt upon this point con
trast the first year of Grover Cleve
land’s administration with any period
during the last ten or twelve years.
Sugar Subsidy.
The southern free traders in con
gress were quick in tearing down the
sugar subsidy provided by the last re
publican congress for the purpose of
allowing the United States an oppor
tunity to raise her own sugar. It
would not be amiss for these howling
free trade reformers to remember that
France pays annually six millions, Italy
three millions, Germany one and one
half millions, Spain one and one-half
millions, Austria one and one-fourth
millions, Russia one and one-fourth
millions of subsidies, and other weaker
nations than these follow in the same
wise method of establishing local in
dustries, commerce and trade. How
these nations, who prosper by sueh
methods, must laugh at the ignorance
of those who attempt to change our
laws
'WooL
“Two years ago the farmers were as
sured that their wool ' would bring
higher prices without the duties, be
cause the demand for it would be in
creased. At the same time the con
sumers were assured that removal of
the duties would permit them to buy
their clothing at lower prices. Now
that wool has fallen to the lowest price
ever known, solely because there is a
promise that the duties will be with
drawn, the New York Times assures
the wool growers that this is the result
of having been protected for thirty
years. But if protection has indeed
produced such a consequence, why
take the duties off?"
That Surplus.
In 1888 Grover Cleveland declared in
his letter to Tammany Hall that a sur
plus in the treasury was useless and
dangerous and it was a perversion of
the people's intention. He is now urg
ing, by all means, fair and foul, to have
the senate pass the Wilson bill, but
Senator Voorhees declares that it will
furnish a surplus of nearly thirty mill
ions annually. Therefore, Grover
Cleveland favors a perversion of the
people’s intention.
If free trade elevates labor, why were
all slave-holders free traders?
Hood’s is Good
“I hare been troubled with that tired feel
In*, also loss of appetite. I could not sleep at
night, my face broke out in ptmpfos, and I had
Sarsa
parilla
|-Jood’s
Cui*es
headache almost con
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concluded to try Hood's
Sarsaparilla and now
my troubles are all gone. I gave Hood’s Sarsa
partita to my baby, not yet eight months old,
for sores on bis body, and it cured him!'
Mbs. W, J. Roach, KUboume, Illinois.
Hood’* Pills are especially prepared to be taken
with Hood’s Sarsaparilla. 25c. per box.
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Hailed free la exchange tor la Largs Lion Hindi cut
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[ELY’S CREAM BALM cures
CATARRH
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Agents wanted. Send for circular. All
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The Housewife’s
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OS ISSIDS OS EACH
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Ym Will Find >
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BUT XT
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Patents. Trade-Marks.
claimants who CANNOT HEAR
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TOURIST TRAVEL
TO COLORADO RESORTS
Will set In early this year..and the Qrpst ROOK
Island Routs be* already ample andjpeifMtar
rangements to transport the many who will take in
the lovely cool of Colorado’*
HIGH ALTITUDES.
MristonP ftaE?®**’
a aoooie UTDI
i second morning at Denver
Vest I baled Train called lbs L.« .... __
daily at 10 p. m. and arrive* second morning *
or Colorado Spring* for breakfast.
i£g&SSl^MSZ&kElgSb*
YES!
BIG FOUR ROUTE
BEST LINE EAST
Mountains, bakes
and Seashore*
Vestibule trains to
New York and Boston.
ABC FOB TICKETS VIA THE
BIG FOUR ROUTE.
K O. McGORMICK, D. ■ MARTIN,
Fla. Traflo Nam«w. 8«l Pau. And T. A.
CINCINN/
