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PENNSYLVANIA AVENUE.
Tho Greatest Thoroughfaro in tho
Capital of tho Nation.
Tlio New City Tout Ofllcc tho Firm
UulldliiK ilcnlly Worthy oC n
l'lnoe 4111 the IiuiiohIiib
Btrcct.
Special Washington better.
You have nil rend of Pennsylvania
avenue, the great thoroughfare of the
national capitnl. It is the grandest
parade ground in the world, and will
some day be the greatest avenue on
earth for beauty, comfort and pleasure.
To-dny Pennsylvania avenue is noth
ing like the splendid public highway
that the people generally imagine it to
be. You shall see it through the eyes of
one who knows every inch of the
ground, by riding over it, driving over
it and walking its entire length for
many yenrs. You will be disillusion
ized. It need scarcely be said that JMnj.
L'Enfnnt, the civil engineer who
planned the city more than a hundred
years ago, performed a piece of work
which daily demonstrates his wisdom
and sagacity. The capital city of the
new republic of the new world was
without form and void. The site was
selected by Washington, but the civil
engineer saw before him nothing but
unbroken forests in which aboriginal
men and women roamed. There were
morasses, ponds, a sluggish creek
named the Tiber, a lot of high lands,
and a lot of lowlands, all of them in n
state of rugged nature.
Witli only this prospect before him,
Slaj. L'Enfnnt planned the city, laid
out its streets nud avenues, located the
public buildings, nufny of which were
erected from 50 to 100 years after his
his death. He was a wonderful man.
With pencil, pen and paper he first
located the great capitol building, in
which the congresses should sit and de
liberate l'or the general -welfare. With
that as a center, he drew his lines and
marked out streets and avenues which
should be developed ns the city might
grow. Even at the beginning of our
civil war the trees of virgin forests
were growing In profusion, with a wil-
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NEW CITY POST OFFICE
derness of undergrowth, within half a
mile of the capitol building. It is only
since 1872 that the city has grown tip
and spread out in accordance with the
plans of the civil engineer. Even now,
with a population of nearly 400,000 peo
ple, the capital city is practically in its
infancy, although It has fully assumed
the forms and outlines intended by the
brainy man who thought it nil out so
many years ago.
Pennsylvania nvenue cuts diagonally
across the city from Georgetown to the
navy yard, u distance of more than
three miles. If it were continued in a
direct line it would go directly through
tjic center of the capitol. But the
grounds around the capitol ore very
large. They are well cared for, and
have been developed by the best land
scape gardeners in the world.
Tiie great avenue passes around the
capitol nnd runs along B street, past
the new congressional library building,
and then resumes its diagonal course
ens' vard to the eastern branch of the
Potomac river a stream which is no
longer navigable and over which the
government will ultimately build
arches and convert it into n sewer, just
ns Tiber wos long since hidden from
view. There nre ninny thousands of
people here to-dny who never snw the
Tiber and who never even heard of it.
Westward from the cnpitol, at Fif
teenth street, the nvenue deflects from
its course and passes around the treas
ury building and the executive man
sion. At Seventeenth street it resumes
its diagonal course to Georgetown,
crossing Bock creek, n stream which di
vides Washington city from ancient
Georgetown. This stream will nlso
soon be nrched over, and will live only
in history.
East of the capitol Pennsylvania ave
nue amounts to almost nothing. It will
be many yenrs say 50 years, at least
before the great thoroughfare will be
attractive in that section. It was the
intention of the founders of the city
to have it built up east of the capitol.
But real estate dealers were as avari
cious then as they are now. They held
lip prices so that home builders went
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to the west and northwest and built up
the city In that section. Consequently
the population on Capitol hill is com
paratively small, and along the line of
Pennsylvania avenue, cast, there are no
public buildings of consequence except
ing the congressional library, ond there
are no residences there to make the uve
nue attractive.
West of the capitol, where oil political
business is done and where all hotels
of prominence are located, Pennsylva
nia avenue is really a natlonnl disgrace.
True, it is the broadest n venue in the
world. Its surface is splendidly con
creted and its sidewalks ure broad, lint
the buildings arc old, neglected, dirty,
and a majority of them squatty.
On the north side of Pennsylvania
avenue, west, which you will remember
is the principal part of the nvenuc, for
four blocks from the capitol the houses
are inhabited by Chinese, wicked men
and women of the white and black race;
and the ground floors nre generally oc
cupied by saloons and low dives. There
is more vice within a stone's throw cf
the capitol on tills end of Pennsylvania
avenue than can be found in a similar
distance on any public" street in uny
other capital city of the civilized world.
Fifteen years ago Congressman
Springer, of Illinois, Introduced n bill
providing for the purchase of the en
tire north front of the avenue, and he
made strenuous efforts to induce the
congress to buy that property and de
vote It to public buildings which would
be a credit to the nation. Put all of
his efforts were wasted, because very
few men in congress had the artistic
sense to appreciate the necessity for
such action. Since then, although the
land is still possessed by the wicked, the
property has more tlinn doubled in
value; and it would cost an almost fab
ulous sum to buy it for the government
to-dny.
On the south side of this historic thor
oughfare, extending three blocks west
of the capitol. the botanical gardens are
located. It would be well for the gov
ernment to always maintain them
there. But from Third street to Fif
teenth street west, where the avenue
reaches the treasury, the south side
belongs to vice, crime and degradation.
But there is an innovation at last.
The south side of Pennsylvania nvenue
has one adornment. At the corner oi
Elevtnth street, where for many years
AT WASHINGTON, D. C.
the lowest kind of saloons were main
tained and where n vile theater for vile
men nnd vicious women wns a promi
nent feature, n public building hos been
erected. It is a beautiful piece of ar
chitecture and is the only building on
the entire avenue which is worthy of a
place there.
The congressional mail Is annually
increasing, and hence the business ol
the Washington city post office is con
stantly increasing. Five years ago the
congress made an appropriation for
a new public building for the city
post oflice. With wisdom unusunl
for a congressional committee, this site
was chosen. The building is now al
most completed and will soon be occu
pied. Senators, representatives, visitors
and residents here are proud of this
building. Moreover, it is going to be a
landmark for the future. It marks the
beginning of an era. Every thinking
man nnd womnn, looking nt this build
ing, entertnins nnd expresses the
thought: "Pennsylvania nvenue should
be beautified with such buildings nil
along its line."
This thought will crystallize Into ac
tion. On the corner of Fourteenth
street, three blocks west of this new
building, there is a block of vncant
ground, upon which the secretary of
agriculture is looking, longingly. A
new building Is needed for the depart
ment of agriculture. There Is a splen
did site only one block from the treas
ury, and only three blocks from tho
white house. It Is just the place for a
grand edifice for the new department
of the people. We ennnot expect the
congress to make an appropriation for
this purpose at once; for the treasury
is poor. But it is now simply n ques
tion of a little time when there will
be erected a building on Pennsylvania
nvenuc for the department of agricul
ture; and that will emphnsize the .ne
cessity for the improvement of the nv
enue, by the erection of public build
ings, in plnce of the unsightly nnd
crime-stained rookeries which now dis
grace the place.
SMITH D. FRY.
AGRICULTURAL HINTS
WHITE PEKING DUCKS.
The Stnmlnrri llrccd for l'nrm nnd
I'rnctlcnl 1'urnonen.
Of all ducks for farm nnd prnctlcnl
purposes none stands higher in popular
esteem than the White Peking. It is
valuable for raising on a large scale,
and is the most easily raised of any.
It is a very timid bird and must be
handled quite carefully.
The Peking duck has n distinct type
of its own, nnd differs from nil others
in the shape and carriage of its body.
By some it is credited with having a
shape much like nn Indian ennoe, ow
ing to the full growth of feathers un
der the rump nnd the slngulnr turned
up carriage of the tail. Tile legs arc
set far back, which causes the bird to
walk in an upright position. In size
these ducks ore very large, some reach
ing ns high ns SO pounds to the pair.
Their flesh is very delicate nnd free
from grossness, ond they arc consid
ered among the "best of tabic fowls.
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WHITE PEKING DUCK.
They ore excellent layers, averaging
irom 100 to 130 eggs each in a season.
They are nonsetters, hardy, easily
raised, and the earliest in maturing of
any ducks. Other ducks are judged for
practical qualities by the Peking.
The standard-bred Peking has a long,
finely-formed head, a bill of medium
size, of a deep yellow color, that is per
fectly free from any mark or color
other than yellow. The color of the bill
is very important for exhibition birds,
nnd it is not infrequent that one of the
best ducks in a showroom is disqualified
for having a faint tracing of black in
the bill. The eyes are of deep leaden
blue color. The neck of a Peking
should be neatly curved; in the drake
it should be large and rather long, while
that of the duck is of medium length.
The back is ldng and broad; breast is
round, full, and very prominent. The
body Is long and deep, and thestandnrd
gives for adult birds a body approach
ing the outlines of a parallelogram.
The wings are short, carried closely and
smoothly against the body. The birds
cannot sustain flight, a two-foot fenc
ing being ample to restrain them in
nn inclousure. The tail is erect, more
so than in any other specimen. The
curled feathers in the tnil of the drake
are hard and stiff. The thighs nre
short and large; shanks short nnd
strong, nnd in color nre n reddish
orange; toes straight, connected by n
web, and reddish orange in color. The
plumage is downy, nnd of n faint
crenmy white throughout. Recently
it has been noticed that preference in
the showroom is being given to birds of
whiter plumage. The breeders are se
lecting as their show birds those that
have the snow-white plumage instead
of the creamy white, as given in the
standard.
The standard weight of the adult
drake is 8 pounds; adult duck, 7 pounds;
young drake, 7 pounds, nnd young
duck, 0 pounds. Bulletin United States
Department of Agriculture.
AMONG THE POULTRY.
Whatever else you do, don't over
crowd. Dirty eggs should never be sent to
mnrket.
Salted eggs are not fresh eggs and
cannot be.
The Plymouth Bock holds its own in
popular favor.
White turkeys are gentler and more
docile than the bronze.
I In charring corn for poultry the old
er and ilryer tlie corn the better.
The hen and her product amounts to
$200,000,000 a year in this country.
The guinea, in consequence of its
roving habits, is a great bug destroyer.
It is cluimed that a ilock of 20 will keen
i in pretty good control the insects on a
100-acre farm.
Soak scabby legs in warm water for
five minutes, then break the scales
with a stiff brush and apply an oint
ment made of lard, ten parts; sulphur,
three partb, and crystallized carbolic
ucid, one pnrt. Western Plowman.
DuckH on the Fiirm.
Ducks may be kept in larger numbers
without danger of loss by disease than
any other kind of poultry, perhaps, but
they are not the most desirable to have
nround unless n business Is made of
duck raising, as it is now carried on by
a few in this country. There are two
or three duck farms In the east con
ducted on a large scale, where thou
sands are kept and disposed of yearly.
Carried on to this extent, the business
Lb said to be very profitable.
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S3SS5WP?'
FATTENING SHEEP.
Dry, Ciimfortnlitc Quartern Ccrtnlnly
In the Flrnt IIoiiuInHc.
To make sheep most profitable on the
ordinary form none should be kept but
what con be sheltered comfortably and
fed so as to keep them In thrifty con
dition. All nbovc this number should
be fattened and marketed in good sen
son. The flock kept for profit should
consist largely of young, thrifty ewes
that can be depended upon to bring a
good lamb, as well as to grow a good
ileccc of wool. In preparing for mar
ket it will pny to take considerable
pnins to fatten well, ns the increase in
price with the heavier weight will re
turn a good profit for the feed and ln
bor. The time required to fatten sheep de
pends considerably upon their age nnd
condition nt the time of commencing to
feed. Old ewes thnt have passed their
prime require n longer period of feed
ing than young, vigorous sheep that
are In thrifty condition.
In fattening old sheep It Is nearly
always best to feed ground grain, us
usually they have poor teeth.
Clover hay that has been cut in good
season, properly cured nnd stored away
is the best forage. Next to this is millet,
but good cornfodder nnd unthrcshed
onts can be used to good advantage in
making up n variety.
Three parts corn, or cornmcal, nnd
one part wheat bran, to which a little
oil meal hns been added, makes one of
the best rations thnt can be given to fat
tening sheep. Corn or cornmcal should
be made the principal ration, yet some
thing of a variety should be given in
order to maintnin a good appetite.
Gradually increase the rntlon until
they nre given all that they will eat
up clean, taking care at nil times not to
overfeed.
Of all slock usually kept on the farm,
sheep are most easily and most serious
ly injured by overfeeding; often they
will require four or five days to over
come the effect of one overfeed. With
core in feeding, keeping them on full
feed, with n good fattening ration,
sheep can be fatted in six weeks.
But to fatten most rapidly they must
have dry, comfortable quarters and be
kept quiet. They should be fed regular
ly, have all the water they can drink
and have access to salt. Have fiat-bot-toined.
shallow troughs in which to feed
grain; tiiese are better than the V
shaped, for the reason that the grain
ennnot be bunched so ensily, nnd each
sheep has a better opportunity of secur
ing a share. Backs or mangers should
also be provided in order to avoid waste.
With sheep, as with all other stock, it
is quite an item to lessen the cost ns
much as possible. Market as soon as
Hilly ready. It is no advantage to feed
after, the sheep are ready. St. Louis
I(cxub!ic.
HOISTER FOR HOGS.
A Very ISnny Method of Ilmifflni; Any
Sort of CtircsiHH.
In the cut below, the bolster repre
sents u homemade apparatus that hns
been in use many years and it hns been
a grand success. The frames a a, a a,
nre of two by four scantling eight feet
in length; b b arc two by six inches and
two feet long with a round notch in the
center of the upper surfnee for a wind
lass (d) to turn in; c c arc two by four
eight feet long or as long ns desired,
and are bolted to a u. Ten inches be-
EASY METHOD OF HANGING A CAR
CASS. low the windlass (d) Is n four by four
inch piece witli arms bolted on the end
to turn the windlass and draw up tho
carcass, which should be turned length
wise of the holster until it passes be
tween e c. The gamble should be long
enough to catch on each side when
turned crosswise, thus relieving the
windlass so that a second carcass may
be hoisted. The peg (e) is to place in u
hole of upright (a) to hold the windlass.
Brace the frame in proportion to the
load that is to be placed on it. The
longer it is made the more hogs can be
hung at the same time. C. F. Brattain,
in Farm and Home.
(rliidliiK (J nil n for Stoulc.
A vigorous animal, either horse, steer,
sheep or hog, will grind corn cheaper
than furmer& can have it done for them
in many localities. There has been a
vast amount of misplaced labor in husk
ing, shelling, grinding and mixing corn
witli corn stalks, where it first was, as
food for beet cattle. Soaking hard corn
frequently repays its cost. Young ani
mals usually mnsticutc their food bet
ter than older ones. I would go to little
cost in grinding corn or oats for calves,
colts or lambs. Wheat, unless possibly
fed unthrcshed to hogs is usunlly un
wisely fed whole. Prof. G. 13. Morrow,
iu Farm and Home.
SOMETHING TO LIVE FOR.
Ho Wn IVnltliiw to Sec AVImt More
Trouble Life ContnliiN.
"Yes," said n tall, sallow-faced, mel
ancholy looking man, nttircd in a thin,
pair of trousers, a fall overcoat, a pair
of dilapidated shoes and a Inst year'
derby hat, "I've never had anything
but bad luck. I've worked html all
my life and only made a bare living,
.y health broke down years ago; most,
of 1113' friends have died off or moved
west. I've got literary and artistic
tastes and can't gratify them. Every
thing 1 undertake to do Is n failure,
ami I don't seem to be of any use in
thiB world."
. "ITavc you no friends with political
influence enough to get some kind of nn.
easy job for you 7" inquired n well
dressed nnd prosperous-looking man.
"I've tried Unit," snid the miserable
man, slinking his licnd. "Every time I
get a position a political landslide
comes along, nnd I get thrown out of
the snap."
"Why didn't you open an intelligence
oflice or start a real estate agency?"
asked a man in n fur cap and heavy
ulster. "That sort of business doeBn't
require much capital."
"I've tried 'em both, my friends. Got
burnt out In the first business and n
partner ran oil' with the profits In the
other. Xo use."
"Ever try canvassing?" inquired an
other sympathetic ncqunintnnee.
"Yes; often. Had n good suit of
clothes like yours ruined In thnt busi
ness by n vicious dog. Thrown down
stairs once or twice. 'o use, man I'm
not in it. Ln.st week my pet parrot died,
yesterday morning I lost a quarter, and
to-day I've got an earache. That's (he
way it always goes. If it isn't one trou
ble it's another. There's only oue thing
that keeps me from committing suicide,
nnd ending the whole wretched busi
ness." "Wlint's thnt?"
"Curiosity to know want blamed mis
fortune is going to happen to me next."
Washington Star.
A PERFECT FLOORN COVERING.
JdiittlttK In Ilolh Winter nnd Summer
AiiMwerN All KetilreiiientM.
If only all housekeepers knew tho
value ond comfort of matting, how
much worry nnd work would bu saved,
how many dull houses would look
cheery. I f you own your home and have
hardwood floors, thank kindly destiny
and dismiss the subject. But if you live
in a rented house, or cannot afford
hard floors, if, for any reason, you arc
considering the subject of floor cover
ings, pause long before passing over the
advantages of matting. It is clcnu,
fresh and easily cared for. It Is a per
fect floor covering in summer and an
excellent background for rugs in win
ter from the cheapest to the richest
adding to the cheerfulness of a room,
yielding all accumulated dust to light
brushing, possessing, indeed, almost
every advantage that a floor covering
can have, witli no difcadvantoges. In
making a move or refitting a house
every yard of it can be utilized. It is
easily renovated (by soap and salt wa
ter), and enn be matched or pieced, us
ing the whole or parts in two rooms to
make one good, complete room. Last
ly, it is cheap, its growing popularity
having so encouraged its manufacture
or importation that it is to be had al
most everywhere in great variety at
moderate cost. To sum up its merits,
mntting gives a house a fresh, clean
feeling, a sense of cheerfulness that no
other floor covering gives, its soft, new,
coverings make it available in the moAt
carefully studied coloru sehemcsf it is
pleasant to walk upnyA is npvnclieol
protest against dust and microbes, is,
in fact, both wholehuriie" and satis
factory. Philadelphia Times.
DoliiKT the ItlKht Thluir.
Some people arc gifted with the pow
er of doing the right thing in the right
wny and at the right time. They nre
kind, gentle, sympathetic and re
sponsive. They think of others. They
anticipate danger and point it out.
They nre on the lookout for service nnd
ready to perform it. They make It
easier for those about them to be good
and to do good. They hesitate not to
lend a helping hand at every oppor
tunity. They speak the encouraging
word. They straighten out the tunglcs
that perplex and annoy companions.
They smooth rough places. They go
out of their wny to relieve distress or
to supply n need. In their presence the
day passes pleasantly. Away from them
things look drenrier and burdens grow
heavier. Welcome and blessed nre life's
helpers. Detroit Free Press.
Coffee Creiim.
Sonk one-half box of gelatine In cold
water one hour. Put one-half cupful
of ground coffee Into one pint of boil
ing milk and allow it to stand ten min
utes. Strain through a thick cloth
upon a cupful of suignr, and then add
the yolks of three eggs well beaten.
Stir the whole until it becomes creamy
and then add the gelatine and stir until
it is dissolved. Set away in n cool place,
and when it begins to harden whip and
add a cupful of whipped cream. Hos
ton Budget.
Stand nnd shine! Lift up thy face
to the divine airs. Beflect the light.
Perchance only this is required of thee.
Prove thy willingness to serve, nnd
that thy service is a labor of love, and
broader opportunities for the more in
terior action of the spirit will open out
to then.- Trinities and Snneii'tiex,
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