TENNESSEE CENTENMAIi
Tho Groat Exposition Will Opon
Ita GatOB May 1.
!A flacnc of Hnlcmlor AVliono Com-
ylctoncNN IIiih Sever llcun Hlvnlcd
I Ui-ncrul Reduction lit Itnll
rund ItutcM
r- fBpootal Nnshvillo (Tonn.) Loitor.t
Tho Tennessee ccntcnnlnl nt NnBh
vlllc, considered n a spectacular effect,
lias one marked superiority to the late
Columbian exposition nt Chicago. In
the white city there was no sense of
depth. It was all foreground. In
whatever direction one looked there
was nothing whatever but lath and
piaster, gilt and tinsel. Nowhere
could one look out beyond tho tem
porary splendor of tho passing hour
and rcat one's Imagination with a
glimpse of tho permanent and the his
toric. Now at Nashville things are dif
ferent. Standing on the "Itiulto" hero
and facing eastward one beholds a great
white fltntue of Athenac, beyond her
tho replica of the Parthenon, and be
yond that and round about white
arches, glittering domes, readies of pale
green waters, deep green stretches of
lawn that have golden tones in ilio
sunshine, brightness, lightness, long
perspectives of white wall, shadowy
darkness in arch after arch, a world of
gleam and glitter, a fascinating, innub
atantlality Unit has sprung suddenly
out of the earth, and shrill return
whence It was digged. But this is not
all. Wliilc standing on the llialto
wheel about and face eastward. The
direction of the bridge is continued :n
a broad avenue that falls away straight
In front of you among shelving lawns
and scattered trees. It curves to the
left and disappears. The eye, however,
Htlil ranges on. Bright sunshine and
bluo Hky overhang a wide valley, and
beyond the valley there arc many
houses. Among them low-lying clouds
of Bin oho blend hazily with the blue of
distance and billow upward along a
ridge crowded with buildings. Hero
and there a tower shoots high above tho
haze. A spire top catches the sunlight
and glitters like a jewel. Straight in
front of you, nt the very center of tho
view, crowning nnd dominating tho
whole vista, veiled a little by gray
smoke, sof tcned by the blue of the hori
zon and backgrounded by blue of
heaven, there is uplifted against the
clouds the historic state house of Ten
nessee. The scenic value of this imaginative
undertone, so to speak, which is pos
sessed by the, Nnshvillo exposition, can
not bo overestimated. So speaks Na
thaniel Stephenson, of tho Cincinnati
Commercial Tribune, who visited the
exposition grounds last week. In tho
course of a most brilliant pleeo of word
pnlntJng ho said:
"And here in tho midst of tho battle
fields, where Tennessee made such a
valiant nttempt to break from the
strong bond of the national union, Bho is
aiow celebrating her original entry into
ihnt estate. A new day is dawning, not
only Uk-rally aH the visions of tho night
fadu away, while the shadows begin to
lift, but figuratively, in the choice of
the event to which this southern state
ttflks all tho world to do honor. H the
idnrlcncHH In the shndow of the Parthe
non hns its ghosts of war and ruin, tho
brightness that is succeeding it brings
forth tho white statue of Athens, nnd
luia
"Tho old order changes, giving place to
now,
' And aod fuinils Hltnsolf In many ways.'
"But now the darkness of the night
has changed imperceptibly to an alto
gether different one, the darkness of thu
dawn. You have not yet become aware
of any Increase of light. What you have
realized is a vague, uncanny feeling, as
if things fixed and immovable were
slowly drawing near you. Large, dark
shapes of buildings arc stealing grad
ually into the range of vision. Great
bulks of blackness take on form nnd
distinctness and resolve themselves Into
towers, domes, porticoes. Bit by bit
tho very air itself Is playing the same
strange trick. Thu starshine Is falling
steadily nearer to thu earth. A blue,
never seen at any other hour of the 21
glimmers downward from the descend
ing stars and makes the whole atmos
phere one endless starry shimmer. This
is neither night nor morning, but the
most mysterious of all tho hours, tho
hour before the dawn, when tho ordi
nary conditions of life do not exist.
You feci that you are no longer upon
earth, but wandering about the streets
of some dream city, tenanted by you
hnown not what and located in some far
place unexplored by man.
"Tho buildings loom vaster and vaster
as tho bluo shimmer grows steadily
deeper. Tho dome of tho Agricultural
building Is crowned by tho stars them
selves. The tower of tho auditorium
springs away into tho very heart of
heaven. The pillars of the Parthenon
have tho height of mountains, The
statue of Athens is some immeasurably
vast creaturo which is not to bo np
proaohed. "And all these monsters of the dnwn
have the' strange effect of being asleep.
They are buildings no longer,.they are
Hying creatures wrapped In dead slum
ber, gazing 'eastward with sightless
eyes, that will be awakened by the dnwn.
Perhaps it is the continuous though im
perceptible changing of the degree of
distinctness in their details, duo to tho
teudliy growing light in the heuveus,
that produces this uncanny effect of
being nllvc. But however produced, It
1h there. So real is it that one catches
one's self treading lightly for fear of
waking thcao enormous creatures that
aro all about one."
In concluding his letter Mr. Stephen
son says: "Tho men who conceived
this building must have hod qualities
which it perpetuates, sweetness, nobil
ity, loftiness, calmness, strength. There
was Tennyson's Ideal of
" 'That Bontlonods
That when It wod with Manhood muken a
man.'
"And looking nt all this, nt what the
Parthenon signifies ns well as what it
embodies, captivated by tho matchless
serenity of Its chnrm, realizing its con
tract to tho Nineteenth century, one
asks again: 'To what result Is all this
pageant of American material progress
going forward''
"And one turns hastily away lest one
look too long upon the unattainable nnd
lose heart and despair of his genera
tion." The great Itcmcnyl apparently thinks
In the same lines as Mr. Stephenson.
They aro both painters, artists of high
renown, only ono paints in music and
tho other in words. Both nrc poets, one
with concord of sweet sounds, and the
other with tho rhythm of words.
Itcmcnyi says, as he stands tremblingly
before tho replica of tho Parthenon:
''Whoso Idea was this?" and when told
that the idea originated with Maj. 11.
C. Lewis, tho director-general, he said:
"Where is he?"
Tho women who have made tho wom
an's department an accomplished fact
deserve more than passing mention.
They have labored like heroes for near
ly two years, and have spared neither
time, money or exertion, to make their
work a success of International char
acter. Tho president of tho woman's
board Is Mrs. Van Leer Kirkman, a
lady especially gifted for tho oilice.
Mrs. J. N. Brooks Is chairman of the
sales department, Mrs. James P. Drou
11 lard is vice president of the board,
Miss Ada Scott Bice is secretary, and
Mrs. M. B. Plleher is chnirmnn of spnee
and classification. The architect of tho
Woman's building is Mrs. Sara Ward
Conley, artist, architect and art critic,
who is a native of Nashville. Mrs. U.
II. Ilatterman, chairman of tho patents'
committee; Mrs. J. Hunter Orr, chnir
mnn decorative and npplicd art; Mrs.
Ann Snyder, member of the general
committee; Mrs. Paul McGulrc, chair
man of the ways and means committee.
Tho women's congresses will bo a fea
ture of the centennial. The congresses,
while general, are already classified, so
that tho.se Interested in a particular
subject can attend a course without
consuming much time. In the depart
ments there are education, music, art,
home and literature. The lectures will
bo freo and nre intended to bo philan
thropic in character. They are also
Mitcnded to serve another purpose. They
will afford a fitting theater iii which a
thinking public can see and listen to
the eminent women of the state. Of
tltose there are scores who through pa
tience, industry nnd ability have at
tained distinction and who are entitled
to bo known nnd loved by the nation ns
well as by the commonwealth in whose
interest they have served so long and
well.
Tho meeting of the rnllwny passen
ger men at Nashville, the other day, was
watched with great Interest, for It was
known that the object of the meeting
was to decide upon the rates to the
Tennessee Centennial exposition.
It was one of the most harmonious
meetings ever held by that body, for
they each knew that the motives that
had prompted the enterprise were di
rected for the general good, and not for
the benefit or aggrandizement of any
individual or corporation.
The members of the passenger asso
ciation, with the liberality that has al
ways characterized their movements
when the Interests of the general public
are concerned, determined to aid the
Exposition association in their great
work, mid thu consequence Is that the
rates aro more adyuinageous, from
etcry standpoint, than any that have
ever been offered before. In fact, the
fares have- been placed at such a low
figure that the Tennessee Centennial
exposition, the national event of the cur
rent, year, can be visited by everyone,
for nil obstacles have been removed.
It, was agreed that tho railway fares
to the exposition should be placed on a
sliding scale, and regulated by zones of
from 25 to SO miles each.
In the first zone of CO miles tho rate
for tho round trip will bo 3 cents a
mile.
From 51 to 100 miles, 2 cents per
mile.
From 101 to ISO miles, 2 cents per
mile.
From 151 to 200 miles, 24 cents per
mile.
From 201 to 275 miles, 2 cents per
mile, witli 50 cents added.
From 270 to 300 miles, 2 cents per
mile, with 75 cents added.
From 301 to 350 miles. 2 cents per mile,
with $1.50 ndded.
The fare, however, Is .in no instanco
to exceed 80 per cent, of the rate ono
way, on the zones from 201 to 350 miles.
For military companies and bnnds In
uniform, of 25 or more, the rate will be
two cents a mile, plus arbitrary, for
the round trip. The same rate applies
to schools, when accompanied by teach
ers. Those rates limit theusoof tlekats
to seven- days after the date of issue.
A rate of one cent per mile, each way,
short lino mileage, plus arbitrary, for
tho Association of Confederate Vet
erans, whose annual reunion will bo
held in Nnshvillc, June 22, 23 and 24,
has been agreed upon.
Tho rates at hotels, restaurants nnd
boarding houses arc the lowest ever
offered; nnd for mcah, in numbers of
instances, tho price has been reduced
from 20 to 25 per cent., nnd good living
was never chcaicr anywhere. The good
people of Nashville have profited by the
grnvo mistakes made at Atlanta and
Chicago, and tho prevailing sentiment
In to keep the people here nnd induce
them to como ngain, and not to permit
them to go homo dissatisfied and dis
gusted. There is no danger of any
thing running short; tho supply whence
resources nrc drawn is unlimited, and
tho adjoining territory is so rich in all
the good tilings of earth that there will
bo no appreciable diminution In tho
stock on hnnd.
SHE BET A KISS.
n ut
rook n Monti Atlvnntnnro When
Sho IjonI (ho Wnitcr.
"Why do you seem to try to avoid
MIbb Sweet?" asked tho man with tho
cigar. "Only a week ago you were d?
voted to her."
The man with the cigarette scowled.
"Don't speak of her," he said. "She
is the most aggravating, underhanded
nnd designing girl that ever walked the
earth."
"What has she done?"
"Oh, she hasn't done a thing but ploy
a regular confidence game on me," re
turned the man with the cigarette.
"You sec, we made a hot."
"Yes."
"I bet a box of candy against a kiss
on what was practically a certainty In
my favor, and she knf-.w that there
wasn't one chance in a thousand of my
losing."
"I see. The inference being "
"The Inference being," said the man
with the cigarette, with emphasis, "thnt
sho would a little rather lose the bet
than win it. Naturally I was considera
bly elated, but to avoid any possiblo
mistake I mndo her promise that she
would surely pay if she lost and not try
to get out of it on nny technicality."
"And she agreed?"
"Promised faithfully in fact, seemed
offended to think that I had deemed it
neccssnry to exact such a promise; said
she was a girl of her word and whatever
sho promised sho would do. And then
I won the bet."
"Yes and she?"
"Well, she kept out of my wny for a
while, so that I had no chance to col
lect, but finally I caught her and asked
her if she intended to pay the bet."
"'Pay iti' she cried. 'Why, I've al
ready paid it.'
" 'I've never received that kiss,' I as
serted. " 'Then you've no one but your sister
to blame,' she answered. '1 gave it to
her to give you.' "
The man with tho cigar gave a low
whistle.
"That was a mean trick," he admitted.
"But that wasn't tlie worst of it," con
tinued the man with the cigarette. "It
knocked me out so that I hadn't a word
to say, and the next day she told my sis
ter that she didn't think much of a man
who lindn't gumption to collect a kiss
that he had fairly won. 1 tell you, a
woman Is the most aggavating and con
tradictory thing that was ever sent to
torture mnn." Chicago Post.
Ilml Seen Wurne.
A story that has never been in print
nnd is worth handing down to posterity
relates to a reception some years ago
at the dwelling of a social magnate in
an eastern city. It wns attended by
severnl persons of distinction.
During tho evening one of the guests,
a gentleman with a poor memory for
faces and a little near-sighted, took tho
host aside and spoke to him in n con
fidential whisper.
"You see that tall man over there
near that vase of flowers?" he said.
"Yes," replied the host.
"I was talking to him a few minutqs
ago about the terribly cold weather I
had experienced out in Iowa in tho
winter of 1803, and he yawned in my
face."
"Don't you know who he is?"
"No."
"That's Dr. Nanscn, the Arctic ex
plorer." Youth's Companion.
Nn Poetry About Him.
They paused nt the ruined wall of
the old haclendn. The sun was de
clining. Tho night wind drenrilj'
whistled in the valley below.
Suddenly n mournful hee-haw smoto
upon the shuddering air.
Tho young girl shivered and drew
her scarf about her.
"How eerie tltat sounds," she mur
mured. "Eary?" he repeated, wonderiugly.
Then he quickly added: "Yes, it's a
donkey, all right I"
And the romantic young girl turned
away with ft stifled sob. Clevclaud
Plain Denier.
Argentina's population, according
to the census recently taken, is 4.090,
000; nenrly double its population in
1809, the date of the first census. Tho
city of Buenos Ayres has 003.S50 in
habitants. It is not uncommon in Switzerland
to feed horse? on bread; while some
Ioople in England frequently regale
their steeds with a beefsteak.
MEASUREMENTS OF MEN.
Work Dono in This Lino by
Sargont, of 'Harvard
Dr.
He linn Mmla Anthropometry nn Ex
act Science A Comnleto TnJjulnr
Review of Alim from
He ml to Voot.
apodal IJoston Lottor.l
Anthropometry is man-measurement.
It Is a modern science. It began some
60 or 00 years ago with tho measure
ment of recruits for the European ar
mies, and within tho InBt two decades,
when our American colleges took up
the study, an exact and complete scien
tific system has developed. Detailed
measurements of tho human body, limb
for limb, organ for organ, uro taken,
nnd the results of these data, gathered
from thousands and thousands of hu
man beings, are compiled Into elab
orate statistics. From these we get a
ANTHROPOMETRIC MEASUREMENT.
mass of interesting information, phys
ical characteristics of the average man,
normal und nbnormal variations nnd
differences of strength, girth or length
of limb, comparative tables by sex, race
or occupation, tho total strength tests
of modern Snndows nil these and
many other data of interest and value
are collected.
Aside from thus satisfying the mere
curiosity of athletic enthusiasts, an
thropometry is of great practical value,
both as a branch of anthropology, or
tho study of tho human species, and
also as a guide to scientific systems of
physical training.
It wns with the lntter end in view
that Dr. Dudley A. Sargent, now di
rector of the Hemenway gymnasium
at Harvard university, undertook some
25 years ago to elaborate a detailed
scheme of anthropometric measure
ments. In place of the few crude and
thoroughly unreliable records of army
oflicers, Dr. Sargent constructed a com
plete tabular view of the genus homo
from head to foot, and he proceeded to
tiiKc liis measurements with such fas
tidious care and upon such a multitude
of subjects that the practical deduc
tions derived therefrom would bo ac
cepted as conclusive.
Dr. Sargent begnn his work nt Bow
doln in '09; from '72-'78 he was at Yale,
nnd since 18S0 he has been nt Harvard
university. In the course of these j'ears
he has gathered and placed on record
the measurements of thousands nnd
tens of thousands of students, some
thick, 'somo thin, lean, fat. short and
tall, athletic and puny. Tho sum total
of such a mass of statistics gives the
investigator almost the exact figures
for the avernge physical characteris
tics of American manhood nt a cer
tain age. Each individual also by ref
erence to the statistics is enabled to see
just on what side of the fence he stands;
whether his anus are shorter thnn the
average, and to what degree; whether
his lung capacity exceeds tho normal,
etc., etc.
The system devised by Dr. Sargent
Epread to other colleges. Students uro
now measured, I understand, in every
eastern institution, while in the west
mnny schools nre beginning to intro
duce work along that line. ttc7V is
nlso quite n demand among ST. M. C..
associations, athletic clubs and tank
ing societies for anthropometric ap
paratus. A series of measurements wns
recently taken in New York statu penal
Institutions nnd insane asylums, where
a surprising correspondence of mental
and moral with physical character
istics was shown. In England the great
labor agitation back in '73 stimulated a
coterie of learned Investigators, who
called themselves the "Anthropometric
Committee of tho British Society for
the Advancement of Science," to under
take a largo number of comparative
measurements upon people in nil walks
of life. It wns shown that the better
classes averaged 3', inches taller than
the poorer, nnd, ngain, various mental
and moral defects were traced to phys
ical fallings.
As a result a grcnt Impetus was given
to tho modern movement of organized
charity; and it may be confidently as
serted that factory inspection nnd com
pulsory shortening of the number of
hours of labor resulted in many cases
directly from the disclosures made by
the anthropometric committee.
Medicnl science has derived much in
formation of value from anthropometry.
As the great mnss of carefully collected
evidence accumulated, physicians be
came enabled to rely with confidence
upon facts which previously they had
scarcely accepted. For one the growth
of the human being from childhood has
been watched, and the needs nt different
stages of development, the defects most
liable to appear at each period, etc., arc
, ill
flip
now better known than ever before.'
Tho particular dangers nlso of every
kind of employment hnvo been ascer
tained, so that tho physician is enabled
to guard against these. No llttlo has
been accomplished In the wny of show
ing with double emphasis the grent
danger that lies in certain habits of
living, if not directly to tho public at
least to the medical world. For ex
ample, it was shown that by a contrac
tion of woman's waist of ono Inch tho
heart beat was raised to 108 beats per
minute, which is eight beats beyond
tho danger limits set in athletic train
ing. In fact it is claimed that as a re
sult of anthropometric study many col
lego girls have so realized the vlclous
ncss of tight lacing that the custom is
rapidly losing mnny of its devotees.
The comparative development of tho
sexes hns als'o been accurately traced.
Tho first five years of both boys and
girls aro found to bo those of the most
rnpid growth. During tho following
five years boys grow more rapidly, but
girls gain later and are actually taller
from the 11th to the 14th year. Women
stop growing nt 20 while men do not
reach their full height till 23 or some
times 30. The records of anthropometry
have furnished much more information,
of interest. For example the curious
fact that light complcxloncd people arc
more easily subject to disease than
others is said to have been verified"
Inherent weaknesses of tho body and
the tendencies to disease, geographical
ly, cthnoloirlcallv and otherwise con
sidered, havo been
studied with
inductive accuracy
and complete-
ness as was never
and 20 years ago.
dreamt of 15
In fact every
branch of medical science has been fur
nished with newly discovered facts to
prove or disprove the mere speculations
with which practitioners had been
forced to content themselves. "On this
very subject of measurements," Dr.
Sarge"nt remarked to me about a month
ago, "there were all sorts of thcotles.
Some one suggested a scheme of meas
uring the whole body by the thumb;
there were long nnd learned arguments
as to whether any exact proportions
between the length of the thumb and of
other parts of tho body would hold, but
it never seemed to occur to people to un
dertake the actual measurements. To
day when we wnnt to make sure of some
medical theory we get at the bare facts,
we undertnke the actual measurements
and aim to make them so accurate that
scientists may be perfectly sne In bas
ing any deductions upon the results."
As a means to the fostering of ath
letics, especially of college athletics,
anthropometry has been of inestimable
value. In the first place physical in
structors have learned to judge with
accuracy every pupil's condition. They
no longer rely upon mere opinion or
guess work, but by actual measure
ment and strength tests, with nppo
rntus and by comparison with the sta
tistics before them, they learn precisely
in what respects the boy or mnn in theii
care is equal to, in what respects a su
perior to the average or normal. Fur
thermore anthropometry hns shown
that the tendency among athletes to de
velop exclusively those functions in
which they already excel while failing
to cultivate the rest of tho body it
positively dangerous. It is in fact often
the real cause of that uncanny reputa
tion for being subject to heart troubles
nnd other ills which attaches to many
of tho greatest athletes. By a modern
scientific system of athletic training
nil this is obviated when a man's meas
urements have been taken and his de-
;!
, ,"'
A WELL-PROPORTIONED ATHLETE.
flclencles nscertnlncd, certain nthletia
exercise is first prescribed for his
weaker organs, ns one might prescribe
quinine or diet. Then, nnd not till
then, comes the time to develop tho
record-breaker's particular powers. The
measurements are of further value to
athletes, inasmuch as they give each in
dividual a chance to trace his develop
ment in the course of a season's train
ing and to compare his progress with
the work of others. Incidentally an
interesting feature is the so-called to
tal strength record. This is nn honor
held by the college man who can make
file highest record for strength meas
urements. At the present time Lover
ing, of Harvard, holds the record, with
Arthur Hawks second.
In making the measurements tho
most delicntc apparatus is required.
Special instruments nre made to test
the lifting and pulling strength; huge
calipers are used, and for measurement
of length and breadths there Is a wood
en rod lined with metal and holding two
other rods perpendicular to It.
E. T. GUNDLACH.
Boas of blossoms are being worn with,
the flower-decked hats, '
11 ill vmJbK
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