THE NORTH PLATTE SEMI-WEEKLY TRIBUNE.
SOUTH AFRICA: COUNTRY
OF DIAMONDS, SAVAGES,
AND HARDY PIONEERS
The Union of South Africa recently
attracted world attention by n nega
tive vote on the proposal to secede
from the British empire. It should
not be a strange country to Americans.
With Its vast areas taken over from
aborigines; with thousands of Its
whlto settlers massncred by savages,
But with others, undaunted, pressing
on In their prairie schooners ever far
ther Into the Interior of an unknown
continent; with a gold rush winning
n new empire; and possessed today
of a stubborn race problem, South
Africa, half way uround the world
from us, has In Its history, chapters
which we knew by heart. New York
ers can And an even closer If minor
tie to the residents of Cape Town In
the fact that the sites of both ports,
now almost priceless, were bought
from savage landlords for a few huud
fuls of gaudy trinkets.
In one respect, however, tho carv
ing out of what is now the Union of
South Africa Is without lta parallel
In tlie development of tho United
States. In 'South Africa the strife of
two white peoples for control has
ieen an all Important factor. For
About a century and n half the Dutch
had possession of Cape Town and tho
small area surrounding it which httr
bored all the whites In South Africa.
The Napoleonic wars transferred pos
session to England, and In 1800 the
English assumed a final control which
inuny of the Dutch Inhabitants re
sented. In 1830 many of the Dutch
farmers or "boers" began trekking
Into the Interior with the Intention
of settling beyond English luilucnce.
When Engllshmenfollowed them they
trekked farther. Finally, beyond the
Orange river they founded the Orange
free state, and beyond tho Vaal river,
the Transvaal republic.
First diamonds' and then gold were
discovered in the new states. They
brought great prosperity to the Boer
republlcs,but they brought many out
siders ns well; and tho presence of
these finally led to the Boer war as
a result of which the republics came
Into the possession of Great Britain.
Aside from tho war-torn republics
and monarchies of the last few years,
the Union of South Africa is one of
the youngest of tho important coun
tries of the world.
Tho territory of the Union occupies
the whole southern and southeastern
tip of Africa In a wide strip extending
nbout 250 miles Inland from tho In
dian ocean. Its area lacks only 25,
000 squuro miles of reaching the half
million mark.
Toward tho Inner edge of the terri
tory of the Union nre the world's great
est diamond mines, where earth suffi
cient to fill thousands of cars Is
screened yearly for the sake of n peck
or two of diamonds. But the few
handfuls of diamonds exported In 1013,
the last year before the World war,
were worth more than fifty million dol
lars and exceeded In value the com
bined value of the man shiploads of
wool, ostrich fenthers, hides and coal
that sailed away from South Africa
the same year.
Some 200 miles to the northeast of
the diamond country are the gold fields.
In their midst Is tho gold-built, won
der city of Johannesburg, metropolis
of South Africa. After the discovery
of gold In the eighties tho city sprang
up almost over night. Though at first
it was the usual unlovely mining camp,
soon substantial structures were
erected, and it now ranks, with Its
well paved streets, fine buildings, und
beautiful parks, with the leading cities
of Europe, America and Australia,
It has about the same population ns
Denver, Colorado, and Providence, It. I.
COMMON CARRIERS AND
A FEW NOT SO COMMON
Trnctors are crawling over the snow
covered fields of northern Greenland
carrying the supplies of the Lane Koch
expedition. This novel use of a new
born vehicle recalls that some of the
oldest transportation methods still are
employed In regions whose civilization
Is older and higher than that of the
Greenland Eskimo.
The ox cart still serves tho Southern
"darky" In North Carolina, Georglu,
'and Alabama, as well as In other por
tlons of the South, as his coach and
four for the Sunday "go-to-meeting."
During tho week the stolid benst.plows
tobacco and cotton fields. In India
bullocks hitched to n wagon with an
ornate bee-hive slinped or elongnted
covering, not unlike the picturesque
tobucco schooner, convey the Burmese
mnu and his family along the road to
Mandalay. Nor does this animal cease
being a means of transportation upon
his death. The natives blow up his
skin and use It ns a lloat or raft on
which they cross the rivers.
In nrctlc regions and in Alaskn par
tlcularly tho dog has rendered man
kind Inestimable assistance. Today
he Is the means by which letters, pur
eels and provisions reach the snow'
bound Inhabitants of the Interior. The
reindeer ulso plays an Important part
In the transportation system of Alaska.
The dog Is the Belgian peasants'
close friend, drawing tho truck and
milk wagons In many towns.
One of tlie quaintest wagons of the
schooner' type now In use Is drawn by
camels through the streets of certain
towns In Indtn. That country affords
a variety of conveyances and convey
ors nmong which even tlie most blaso
of novelty seekers might find some
thing to interest him the humped ox,
tho horse, tho donkey, the cumel, tho
elephant and the human being carry
ing a long pole across his shoulder to
which his burden Is slung.
Tho bnck.of man bears the burden
In China. And so the chain of burden
bearers goes around tlie world, with
the elephant of Slam that piles the
nntlve teak, the carabao that threshes
the rice of the Philippines,, the man
who propels the palanquin, the Jlu
rlklshn, nnd lately, the "Jlnkrlkomo
bllo" of Jupnn, the trotting ox of Cey
lon, the splendid horses of Arabia, the
saddle ox of Central Africa, and tho
4, I
' a laaaaa a
The West China Jitney.
camel of tho Sahara and Central Asia,
to the llama of the high Andes, the
ubiquitous automobile, and the homely
but utilitarian little burro of Mexico,
Central nnd South America. Thou
sands of these last named little nnl
mnls dally treud the trail leading from
tho lowlands to tho city of La I'nz,
delivering In the capital of Bolivia
prnctlcally everything the city gets
from the outside world. Patiently, too,
the burro has trailed Its way through
history, from a period In tho Holy
Land older than that In which Joseph
nnd Mary lied from Herod's slaughter
of the Innocents, thence to Northern
Spain and across to America with the
Spanish explorers nnd colonizers.
THE LONG, LONG TRAIL OF
THE GYPSY
Now that tho weather Is becoming
mild again, some line day you will
discover a camp of gypsies near your
door-step, and w'onder where In the
world they enmo from. The world has
been wondering for many a century
whence the original gypsies came.
George Borrow relates that tho first
gypsies made their appearance In Mol
davia in 1417, und no one seems to bo
very certain in regard to their pluco
of origin. Tho origlnul 3,000 lncreused
to formidable proportions In a century
or two, and Maria Theresa and Joseph
II tried to civilize them, with no suc
cess. In tlie early days each little band
hnd a captain whom they honored with
the title of count. To secure the cov
eted position this leader had to be
valiant and courageous In tho plllug
Ing expeditions for food and sagacious
und crafty enough to settle tlieir dis
putes. For this he was allowed a third
of anything that the band stole.
Despite their marauding tendencies,
nnd their lnoro or loss contemptuous
attitude towurd people not "of the
blood," they have a code of moruls
which contains many excellent require:
ments. A true gypsy must not have a
quarrelsome disposition, und he never
revenls the secrets of the brotherhood.
Though they make the rest of mankind
their lawful prey, they are capable of
great sacrifices for each other. They
pledge themselves never to marry out
of their own sect, nor will they tench
their lnnguage to anyone not a gypsy
by blood or adoption.
Their daredevil spirit perhaps has
had a passing inlluenco on most of tlie
countries In which these wnnderers
hnve lived. At least England is ac
credited with having contracted her
love of horse ruclng from them, nnd
they are nearly always to bo found
among her Jockeys and In attendance
upon her Derbys.
Pretending a knowledge of the meta
physical and dabbling In fortune telling
have always been within the province
of the gypsy women. They havo
clnlmed that they could witch awuy
troublesome ailments of the heart and
have compounded queer love philters
which Instead of Imbuing the unfortun
nto tuker with a steadiness of aim with
his love arrows, have poisoned his di
gestive tract.
But they realize the monetary value
of the myth concerning their ability
to divine the future, and have since tho
beginning of their history capitalized
it. In Spnln where a lurge proportion
of the race now lives, travelers say
that they find neatly whitewashed
caves lighted by electricity, and that
even gypsy royalty will caper and cn
reer around In fantastic dances for
tho coins of a casual visitor.
HOW AN ISLAND WAS DE
STROYED BY A NATURAL
INFERNAL MACHINE
Hecent volcanic uctlvlty In Hawaii
serves to emphasize the fact tliut tho
Pacific, one of the greut "safety-valve
regions" of the earth, Is seldom free
from pn outpouring of molten mate
rials. Many of the Islands of this
largest ocean are of volcanic origin.
Greut streams of lava went up first in
one pnrt of the Pacific then In another.
One of the greatest legions of vol
canlc disturbance has been In nnd near
the Island of Java, in the southwestern
corner of the Pacific, where that body
of water meets tho Indlnn oceun.
Volcnnlc-nmde in the first place, nnd
constantly being remade by thorn, Java
has more volcanoes than any nrea of
Its size In the world.' Estimates of
the nctlve nnd extinct 9m tors range
from 100 to 150. Everywhere In Java,
In tho huge crater lakes, In fissures
that now are river beds, even In an
cient temples, hulf finished when In
terrupted by some fiery concision, nre
evidences of cataclysmic forces such
turbulent forces as now are In con
tinuous hysterln In tho Valley of the
Ten Thousand' Smokes In Alaska, and
break their crusted surface cage In
termittently In Java.
The "treacherous Klot," ns the nn
tlves call It, all but wiped out the
town of Brltnr, but even Its devasta
tion, as reported to the state depart
ment, was-mild compared to the vio
lent upheaval of Krukatoa In 1S83.
Then mother nature turned nnurchlst
and planted a gargantuan Infernnl ma
chine on tho doorstep of Java.
Krakatoa Is a little Island In the
Sunda strait, between Sumntra and
Jnvn. Australians, as far from tho
explosion us New York Is from Kl
Paso, heard the terrific detonation;
more than hnlf the island was blotted
out, parts of It were Hung aloft four
times as high as the world's highest
mountain, und to touch bottom below
I the water's surface where most of the
Island had been, henceforth required
n plumb lino twice as long us the
holght of the Washington monument.
Skyscraper waves Hooded adjneent Is
lands and rolled half-way around tho
earth. Every human eardrum hoard,
though It may not have registered, the
air wnves as .they vibrated three or
four times around tho earth. ,
Krakatoa levied a smaller toll In
human life than Klot, because of Its
Isolation, nnd many of the 35,000
deaths from Krakatoa's eruption were
nt fur-dislnnt points by drowning.
An eruption anywhere on the Island
means disaster, for Juva, uhout equal
In era to New York state, supports a
population greater than the combined
populations of the Empire state and
the four other most populous states
In tho Union Pennsylvania, Illinois,
Ohio and Texas.
In the native folklore are Innumer
able stories of the earth opening up
to swallow a dancing girl. Such talcs
betoken nuother physlcnl feature of
tho Island frnught with human trag
edy. Not only hns It steaming vents,
spouting geysers, sulphur lnkes, but
great chasms open and close, nnd they
have been known to swnllow vllluges.
TEMPLE STONES THAT
MAY BECOME HEARTH
STONES
uuuie reruns reueuiiy quueu uiuiv
Harborough Bocks, one of the best-
known of the so-called "Druid Circles"
of England, would bo broken up and
used by a company for building homes.
Tho reports bring to mind what
might bo termed tho "fight for sur
vival" of tho monuments nnd works of
art of past ages against tho activities
of later generations.
During tho dark ages priceless mar
ble statues by Praxiteles and other
Greek mnsters of sculpture wero
burned to make lime. In norttiern
Africa nnd Asia Minor, in numerous
places where "classical ruins are found,
beautifully chiseled stones physical
symbols of "the glory thnt was Greece
and tho grnndcur that was Home"
have been built into the uncouth huts
of tlie nutlves. The smaller stones
from "Druid Circles" and "avenues,"
lying on tho surface of the ground,
ready quarried, havo long fullen prey
to nenr-by peasants In all the coun
tries -In which they occur. Even tho
Stonehenge, on Salisbury Plain, Eng
land, famous as tho greatest of the
supposed Druid temples und one of
tho most striking of the unlnscribetl
monuments of the world, 1ms not en
tirely escnped the bund of the vandal.
The Inrger monoliths are too mnsslvo
for easy removal, but some of tho
smaller stones have disappeared and
are reported to have been built into
bridges und mill dams of the adjacent
countryside. ,
Relatively small stone circles and
parallel rows of monoliths known us
"avenues," are numerous In England,
Wales, Scotland and Ireland. They
also are found In numbers In western
Europe, especially In France, nnd to
a lesser degree In northern Africa, and
In southern Asln as far east as India.
Among them, however, the compara
tively few grout groups stand out
prominently. Stonehenge differs from
most of the other circles In the great
size of the upright stones, and In tho
fact that massive lintels nre plncod
from upright to upright, forming trll
Ithons. The placing of the concentric
circles und outlying marker stones of
Stonehenge In such a way that Its
axis points practically to the rising
sun on the longest day of the yeur
the summer solstice hns led to gen
eral acceptance of tho theory that
this was a temple for sun worship.
Bccnuso of an astronomical change
which slowly shifts tho npparent point
of sunrlso nt successive ummer sol
stices, It hns been possible to compute
tho dnto of tho building of Stonehengo
ns approximately 10S0 B. C. It Is be
lleved that tho smaller circles and the
nvenucs nnd other monuments of great
stones belong to approximately tho
sumo period, which Is the Into Neolith
ic age. While tho larger circles Ilka
tho Stonehengo nnd Harborough Bocki
doubtless aro temples for sun worship
and human sacrifice, It Is believed that
the smaller groups of stones mark bu
rial places.
YAHS ago Castor Oil, Paregoric, Drops and Soothing Syrups wore the remedies
in common use for Infants and Children; Castor Oil so nausoating as to bov
almost impossible and the othors all containing Opium in one form or another,
but so disguised as to make them pleasant to tho taste, yet really to stupify tho
child and give tho appearance of roliof from pain.
It required years of researoh to find a purely vegetable combination that
would take tho place of theso disagreeable, unpleasant and vicious remedies that
from habit had becomo almost universal. This was tho inception of, and tho reason
for, tho introduction of Hotelier's Castoria, and for over 30 years it has proven its
worth, recoived tho praise of Physicians everywhere and becomo a household word
among mothers. '
A remedy ESPECIALLY prepared for Infants and Children and no mother
would think of giving to her baby a remedy that she would use for herself,
without consulting a physician.
r-.tContoittglS'PlmADfaohnvv
iHnfiUicStiamacIisnndBmrelsMH
1 .TrOTMMtW-Wa
TiicrctyPromoUnSDiScsuon
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i nelthci'Oplam,Morpr,
,Mtacrt.NOTllAII0pTlG(
JPwnplinS"
,lcimi ft
Ml?.
ft'rwvi
Constipation and Diarrhoe
turn t- w.
XOSS Or rJi'iw'
rcsiilUitocrcfromjnjnraivty-
rac-SimilcSijontarow
Exact Copy of Wrapper.
Tho Alps mountains harbor more
than 1,(K)0 glaciers.
ASPIRIN
Name "Bayer" on Genuine
Warning I Unless you see tho nnme
"Bayer" on package or on tublets you
aro not getting genuine Aspirin pre
scribed by physicians for twenty-one
years nnd proved sufe by millions.
Tnko Aspirin only ns told In tho Ilayer
packngo for Colds, Headache, Neural
glu, Itlieuiiintlsm, Earache, Toothache,
Lumbago and for Pit In. Hnndy tin
boxes of twelve Buyer Tublets of As
pirin cost few cents. Druggists also
sell larger puckages. Aspirin Is tho
trnde murk of Bayer Manufacture of
Mononcetlcacldester of Sullcycncld.
Adv.
Knglnnd has more thnn 100 girls'
football clubs.
If You Need a Medicine
You Should Have the Best
hHiii ra-K-i J t1 alii HH-iib
ill
mm
ITave you ever stopped to reason why
it is that bo many products that arc ex
tensively advertised, all at once drop 014
of sight and aro soon forgotten? Tho
reason is plain tho article did not fulfill 1
the promises of the manufacturer. This
applies more particularly to a medicine,
A medicinal preparation that has real 1
curative value almost sells itnolf, as like
an endless chain system tho remedy is
recommended by thoBo who havo been j
benefited, to those who are in need of it. ,
A prominent druggist says "Take for
example Dr. Kilmer's Swamp-Hoot, a
preparation I havo sold for many years
and never hesitate to recommend, for in
almost every case it shows excellent re- ,
suits, asainany of my customers testify (
No other kidney remedy has w large a
sale."
According to sworn statements nnd
verified testimony of thousands who have
used the preparation, the 'success of Dr.
Kjlmcr's Swamp-ltoot is due to the fact,
so many people claim, that it fulfills al
most every wish in overcoming kidney,
liver and bladder ailments; corrects uri- ,
nary troubles and neutralizes the uric
acid which causes rheumatism. 1
You may receive n sample bottle of
Swamp-Root by Parcels Post. Addresa 1
Dr. Kilmer & Co., Uinghamton, N. Y '
and enclose ten cents; also mention this
puper. Large and medium sio bottles
for sale at ail drugstores.- Atlv
Why Castoria?
Children
Have You Tried It?
Everybody has read the above headline; how many believe it?
Havo you a littlc-one In tho homo, and has that dear little mito
when its stomach wits not just right felt; tho comforts that come with
the use of Fletcher's Castoria? You have heard the cry of pain.
Havo you heard them cry for Fletcher's Castoria? Try it.
Just help baby out of its trouble tomorrow with a tasto of Cas
toria. Watch the difference in the tone of tho cry, the'look in tho
eye, the wiggle in tho tiny fingers. Tho transformation is complete
from pain to pleasure. Try it.
You'll find a wonderful lot of Information about Baby in tho
booklet that is wrapped around every bottle of Fletcher's Castoria.
GENUINE CASTORIA ALWAYS
Bears tho
Depends on Where It Is Applied. ,
Blimp Beauty Is only skin deep.
Chump Still, thnt Isn't tho beauty
about a sausage.
ned Cross Ball Blue should be usca
In every home. It makes clothes whlto
as Bnow and never Injures tho fabric.
All good grocers, 5c.
Silence Is anything hut golden to
the poor girl who Is dumb to tho en
treaties of a wealthy suitor.
THB OONTAUH COMPANY, NKW VOnK OITY. '
Thoiisaite&s f Happy Housewives
mmumm
arc helnlnc their husbands to prosper nre clad
tliev encouraged tliem to
own savo navinc rent
could reach prosperity and independence by buylne on easy farms.
Fertile Land at $15 to $30 an Acre
land similar to that which through many years has ylotdod from 20
to 45 buahols of what to tho acre. Hundreds of farmers In Western
Canada have raised crops in a single season worth more than the whole
cost of their land. With such crops come prosperity, independence. Rood
uooa climate, nooa netgnuors, cnurrnes,
schools, rural telephone, etc,, clve you the
opportunities of a new land with the con- j34
venlences ot olU settletl districts. V
!i-or tltiutrati1 llrarntnrn. tnana. tlmapplntlnn nf - C
xarm miponunmefl in
anil Albarttt. reduced
l)prtinnt nt Immigration, Ottaviu, Can., or
W YvW J K vl W. V. BENNETT WWZUdMJM
Boom 4, Bet Dldg., Omaha, Neb. WtS1111!!
fo?lt iwjroi - J tIltfctMyl fM liKTalrlWffiaraa
Demand Petersen & Petjau's
TIP TOP BREAD
-MADE
This famous bread is the leading seller in 458 cities nnd towns throughout
Nebraska, Iowa, Missouri, South Dakota, Kansas, Colorado and Wyoming.
Shipped fresh daily from our great sunlight bakery at Omaha.
Demand It From Your Dealer Dealers Demand It for Your Trade
l'KTEBSEN & PEOAU BAKING CO.. OMAUA. NEBRASKA
Cry For
Signature of
Let Cutkura Be
Your Beauty Doctor
Soap 25c, Ointmenf 25 and 50c, Talcum 25c.
l'lorlilu Oyster Outturn Otters Life-Time. In
come to non reslilenta, without drudgery,
ruin, hoelne, plowing or feritllier. Free Infor
mation 12,000 worila Including U. H. Gov
ernment quotnttona, Government $10,000 aur
vey. nworn atntementa. Oyatrr Growers t'o-
operative Annoolalhin, Apalachlcoln, Florida.
co where they could mnke a home of
nnd reduce cost of llvins where thev
-111 CT'M' till jE
wU-aBU Jit, - -S-fl
t.omes, anu oil me comiuris nnu conveniences wmcn mane lor nappy uvina.
Farm Gardens Poultry Dairying
are sources of Income second only to grain growing and stock raisins.
Mamiona, naucwif newan.
railway rataa. ate., writs
IN OMAHA-