4 THE NORTH PLATTE SEMI-WEHKLT TRIBUNE. CENTER OF ITALY'S SOCIAL EARTHQUAKE ZONE Milan, clitef city of Uio Lomlmnly I'leduiont region of Itnly, wlicro work ers fcflzcd factories uevcrnl months ago, nnd where mnch unrest Iiuh been manifested since, has fninkly consid ered Itself for long years the virtual capital tho "capltnlo morale" of the country. In the recent Industrial troubles fac tories are reported to havo been seized by workmen In practically all parts of Italy; but It was In Lonibanly nud Piedmont, tho territorial division Jylni; farthest north and farthest northwest In the peninsula the seats of the Important Italian metal Indus tries that the seizures were most nu merous. In those regions, In turn, the movement was most pronounced In nud about Turin, the principal city of tho Piedmont, and the Detroit of Italy; nud In Milan, metropolis of the north, and Italy's Kail Itlver, Philadelphia and Schenectady rollwl Into one. Lomburcly ahd the Piedmont com prise tho plains of the upper reaches of the (;reat Po valley, tho Alpine foot hills, ami tho southern and eastern xlopes of a lart;e part of the Alps them selves. Milan, on a fertile plain near tho southern ends o somo of the most Important of the Alpine passes, was a town of considerable lmiortnnce even In tho dim historic days of 222 II. C, when It was captured by the Itomans. It was then, ns It Is today, second city In iK)lnt of population In Itnly. . Mllnn early earned a irosltlon of lead ership umonff surrounding cities, a leadership, however, which did not go unchallenged. Tho city has been de stroyed many times, once by u league of neighboring towns, nnd at otJier times by alien conquerors. After each destruction It has sprung up on a seem ingly (Inner foundation to achieve greuter popularity und n more far reaching Influence. Apart from any reputntlon Milan may have gained as nn Index to In dustrial unrest, It Is a lender among Italian cities In other respects. In deed, the Milanese Insist that their city, their "capltalo morale," "is tho vory heart and head of Italy's mod ern Ilfo and activity "first In Indus try, first In municipal progress, first In political Imjwrtonce." The Industrial plants of modern Milan havo fairly burst the confines of the old city nnd many are to bo found In numerous populous suburbs that have sprung up, espcclnlly since 3895. The population now numbers close to three-quarters of a million. It Is exceeded only slightly, If nt all, by that of Naples, and Is considered In excess of that of Home. TIENTSIN, PANORAMA CITY Tientsin, In the northeastern edgo of tho terrible Chlneso famine aren, In which millions of peoplu are starv ing io death, Is like a necklaco of towns strung together. To walk about Tientsin Is to trnvel. An afternoon's stroll from the native to tho Ilrltlsh, French, Italian, Russian nnd other foreign quarters, gives tho Bonsatlon of u magic tour through Poking. London, Pnris, Home and Potrogrud. And tho windmills among tho salt mounds Just outside tho city add a touch of Holland. This panorama city has had a tem pestuous history. There a group of American and other foreign residents Ilorhort 0. Hoover among them defended themselves for a month against the fanatic Soxcrs In 1000. Blnco then tho nntlvo city has been known as Cheng-ll, or "Town without Walls," localise tho ancient bnrrlers wore demolished during the siege. Of tho BOO doughty foreigners more than fifty wero killed and many others wounded before military aid came. Tientsin was the sccno of another fatuous siege, that of tho Tulplng robeU In 1853. Followers of Hung Bin Tsunn, who had professed Chris tianity and sot himself up In Nunklng as tho "Heavenly King," marched to ward Peking. Hut tho Wntcrloo of tho "long haired rebols." so-called tnoy could not plait their queues and inua sigiiiry loyalty to tho Mnnclius caroo at Tientsin. TllO success of tho cnmimten mmlnnt tho revolutionists was duo principally to tlio gallant "Chlneso Gordon," Gen Charlos Gcergo Gordon, and his" "Ever Victorious Army." Commanding tho native forco nt Tientsin was tiong-ko-lln-sln, n Mongol jfonerol. who later dlstlnimlshm! htm. self less creditably. In 1800 he nought to aerenu Tientsin against n foreign expedition by erecting an Immense muu rnmpurt outsmo tno city. Tien tsln was captured and hold for twi j'oars by tho British and French, and tho crude defense 1b known In thn forolgn qunrturs ns "Scng-ko-lln-sln's rouy." tho region niiout Tientsin was known as Chl-chou under tho Hsln dynuBty, whoso rulers, 4,000 years itgo Already had court astronoinerx win could predict eclipses. Later It was callod Yrpchou, In tho Chou dynasty, twirked by the western wars waged by Mu-Wang against the "Dog liar barlans," .thought to hnvo boon ances tors of tho Huns. Tientsin dates back at least to tho fourteenth cen-. tury. Tho salt Industry In tho neighbor hood of Tientsin Is prodigious. Wind-, mills nro used to pump salt wntcr Into tlrb fields along the Hnlio river, whero the widely known Chnng-lu snlt Is mnde. IJeforo tho war nearly 20,000 tons were produced nnnunlly. Hut Tientsin Is Important commercially In ninny respects. It Is a rice mnrket, nnd Siberia's tea formerly was shipped through there. Kxports were as varied as tho needs of the dozen or so nntlons which had separate set tlements along flvo miles of tho river front, nnd lift Imports wero ns dlverso as tho commodities those nntlons hnd to exchange. The Pelho nnd Hunho rivers con verge at Tientsin. From the latter to the Yangtsze-ICInng extends tho Grand canal, that remarkable speci men of ancient engineering, mentioned by Confucius, which orglnnlly was more than 1,000 miles long. Tientsin hns more people than Uos-, Ion. It Is the principal city of Chili II, and Is 60 miles southeast of Peking by mil. ONE OF GERMANY'S LOST TERRITORIES The former German Sunionn Is lands constitute one of the Important groups of Pacific Islands thnt hnvo fallen to the lot of Great llrltaln, through New Zenland, us a result of the World war. The Snmonti group, called by form er geographers "The Navigators Islands," from the skill hi navigation shown by its Inhabitants, consists of four prlnclpnl bits of land lying In tho South Pnclflc, nearly mldwny be tween New Zealand and Hawaii. The number of Islands In tho group may, by counting the smaller, be in creased to 11, or even 14, hut only Suvil, Upolu, Tutulla, (owned by tho United States) and the three usunlly Included under tho general term Manila, are Important. All nro vcrdurc-clad and Inhabited, and In appearance und shape resem ble Immense green lints, tho Interior representing tho crown being moun tnlnous, wlille the brim or shore Is covered with coconut palms, bread fruit, banana and other tropical trees, which furnish the nntlvo food. . At somo prehistoric period tho peaks of a submerged mountain chain running northeast and Bouthwest havo been lifted from tho depths of tho ocean by tho upheaval of volcanoes now long oxtlnct. Accumulations of soil brought by heavy rains from tho mountains meet tho ever-growing reef, which prevents easy approach to tho land except In those places where fresh-water streams, forcing their wny through, form openings In tho coral barrier. Iletwcen reef and shoro a lagoon, vnrylng In width from 200 yards to two or threo miles, provides a secure highway for coast and lnter-lsland trnlllc. Tho entire length of the group, If Itosc Island ho Included, Is little less than !t00 miles, nnd the gross area of the Islands Is larger than the stnto of llhode Island by 50 squnro miles. The native Inhabitants of tho Islands are of Polynesian stock nnd nro clearly related to tho natives of both Hawaii and New Zealand. For practical purposes these natives may bo divided Into four classes. At tho head stand tho chiefs, who arc heredi tary In the senso thnt they must be long io certain families, but elective In that they excrclso authority by vlrtuo of titles conferred on them. The Tulnfole, talklng-man, Is their executive olllcor, who phrases their thoughts In eloquent language, and Is frequently tho central Hgxiro In tho district und tho source of authority. Ilclow him nnd above tho lowest class, composed of what are known as tho "common people," aro tho natlvo teachers and catechlsta, who -wear more clothes nnd do less fighting than the rest of tho population. Thero 1b nothing In tlio dress or" bearing of a high chief which cnnbles a foreigner to distinguish him, but he Is Isolnted from the rest of tho people by a system of rigid utlquetto. No one may hold up an umbrella or do cer tain kinds of work In his presence, and a special vocabulary Is set apart In which to nddress him. Tho com mon names for food, an axe, n pig, etc., nro tabooed In his presence. His face, his anger nnd other attributes nre described In nn entirely different set of words from those used for ordlnnry men. The powors nnd duties of tho "talk ing men" aro considerable. Thoy aro men of much dignity of carriage, and, as they stand leaning upon a staff of ofllco with a "fue," or Hy-tlnp enst over one shoulder, with which occa sionally to emphasize their remarks, they compare favorably In nppcuranco with the orators of a nation more civilized than themselves. MARSHALL ISLANDS: NEW JAPANESE TERRITORY The Marshall Islands, ono of tho Pnclllc archipelagoes formerly owned by Germany, and over which Jnpnn has been ' given a mnndnto by tho League of Nations, practically form a burrler between the Hawaiian Islands, on tho enst, and Guam and tho Philip pines to tho west. Tho two chains of curiously shaped atolls, or coral Islands consisting of 'low-lying coral reefs encircling la goons, known us the Marshall group, lie a llttlo south of the center nf nn Imaginary lino connecting Hawaii, uuam ami uio riniippiiws. Guam, Samoa and Honolulu form u triangle of trade routes, with Its sides not penetrated by important steamship lines. Within this Isolated Pacific trl anglo nre tho Marshall Islands. Ilefore'the war Sydney wns reached by steamer, a voyage of more thnn 3,000 miles. The only other method of egress was a steamer to Ponnpo which connected with a French tine to Slngnpore. Llko two loosely strung chains of Jewels, tho Islands stretch from north west to southeast, each with Its la goon setting encased by a strangely shaped circlet of coral, some like tri angles, harps and stirrups, and ono outlining a bull's head with Its horns. Straight haired, dark brown natives, still preserving the religious slgnlfi calico of tattoo und tnboo, are to bo found. Once a sturdy, reliant, sea faring people, for they wero tho best mariners In the Pacific, the white man's coming, ns in the case of lil advent nmong the Eskimo nud tho Indian, did not seem wholly beuellclnl. In teaching them ways to live moro easily civilization robbed them of thnt boldness nnd adventure wnich made them the hardiest of tho Mlcroncnsian peoples. Many of the young died of tuberculosis. Skillful nud fearless navigators, tho natives used bread-tree wood to mako sailing ennoes In which they would voynge for months. They devised chnrts, made of sticks, showing tho locations of islands nnd the directions of prevailing winds. Ancestor worship was their predomi nant religious sentiment. With peti tions nnd gifts they worshiped the departed whose spirits wero' supposed to return to earth In certain palm trees which they set off In stone en closures. Birds nnd fishes sometimes embodied theso spirits, they believed, and thus certain speu'es became rn boo. Homes of the nntlves wero not pre tentious. Floors wero raised abovo tho ground to escape tho rats, and thatched roofs covered tho combina tion house and st6rage room. The two Island groups are known as the Itatak and Itullk chains. Their cntlro nrea Is not moro thnn ICO squnre miles; their native population before the wnr was 10,000, with fewer than 300 foreigners. The scat of Ger man government wns on Jnlult and tho most populous Island Is Majeru, with but 1,000 persons. Other explorers had touched at tho Islands but they, with tho Gilbert group, took tholr nnmcs from Cap tains Marshall and Gilbert who ex plored them In 1788. Tho Germans annexed tho Islands In 18S0. FORMER AUSTRIAN NAVAL BASE NOW ITALIAN STRONGHOLD. Pola, formerly Important to Austria as its naval base, now Is equally lim portant to Italy, for a different rcai son. A glnnco nt a map. of tho Adriatic will show that the possession of Pola, und tho recent acquisition of tho Island of Chorso, by tho terms of tho Itupnllo agreement, give Italy control of tho water route to Flume. Sltunted near the extremity of tho Istrlnn peninsula, 85 miles by rail southwest of Trieste, Pola's sole Im portant activity before the wnr was connected with the repairing, provi sioning and harboring of the Austrian naval forces. Tho town Is virtually without Industrial establishments or manufactures. In 1000 tho population of Pola was about what It had been eighteen cen turies before under tho rule of Itoman emperors. During tho succeeding ten years, however, It grow from 45,000 to 70,000. The practically land-locked harbor Is divided, tho upper or northern half being tho commercial roadstead, and the lower half (below the chain brldgo which connects Scogllo Ollvl, or OUvo Island, with tho mainland) being tho Porto Mllltnre, with tho extensive inn rino arsenal on the southeastern shore. Tho city Itself clusters around a castle-crowned hill which was once tho slte of The Ilothuh cnpltoi. Tho cas tTo Is tt memento of the dnys of Vene tian prowess. Its settlement Is attributed to the Col chlans who .pursued Jason nnd his ai'gonnuts. Pola's splendid harbor be came a llomnn possession In 178 IJ. C. but Julius Cnesnr destroyed It for hnv Ing espoused the cnuso of Porupey. Some years later It was rebuilt by tho Emperor Augustus nt tho Instnnce, no cordlng to Pliny, of his beloved daugh ter Julia. Tho most Impresslvo ruin In Pola Is tho vast amphltheator, erected at the beginning of tho Christian era In honor of tlio cmporors, Scptlmlus Soverus nnd Caracalla, This Is be lieved to bo tho only Roman amphi theater whoso outer walls' havo with stood the ravages of time and of man. Tho Intorlor, howover, Is badly dis mantled and tho foundation walls at ono end, centuries ago, wero extensive ly quoxrled by tho Venottnns who de sired tho white Istrlnn Umcstono for tho erection of their own palaces. About the middle of tho 12th cen tury Polu became a Venetian city. In tho destructive wars, which resulted from tho rivalry between Venice und Genoa to control tho commerce of tho world two centuries Inter, this port across tho Adriatic from Its parent re public suffered often nnd grievously. It wns completely destroyed In 1870, and for nearly four and n halt cen turies It lay dormnnt. It passed to Austria at tho end of tho Napoleonic wars, however, and Its modem growth dates from 1S48. when It wns selected as an Austrian naval huso. Pola lies almost duo cast of Venice, a distance of 75 miles across thq Adriatic. LOSES HOPE OF SIGNING PACT French Ex-Promior Gives up Idea that United States Will Ratify Troaty of Versailles. ' WILL TAKE VOTEON WAGE CUT Fire Destroys Plant of American Pot ash Company at Antlor.h, Ne braska Millions Are Lost In the Cold Wave. Washington, D. C. The first au thoritative evidence tlmt former Pre mier Vivlanl has abandoned hope of the United States ratifying the Ver sallies pence treaty or entering tho league of nations, has Just been mado known by members of the French del egation. It uppenrs thnt M. Vlvinnl, after his consultations with President Hard ing, Secretary of State Hughes, Sen ator Lodge und other lenders, is con vinced the Ilnrdlng udmlulstrntlon In tends to re establish pence with Ger many by menus of the Knox resolu tion. The authority for this disclosure Is none other than Stephane Liuizutinc, editor of Lo Matin, who accompanied M. Vlvinnl to this country. M. Lau zanno himself had a conference with President Harding. There appeared In Lo Matin n cable dispatch from M. Luuztinnc, containing the following: "The American sonnte will vote tho Knox -resolution for u separate peace with Germany." fihicago Workmen to Vote On Cut. Chlcngo, III. Plans nre under wny for referendum by 00,000 building trades workers of Chicago ou a reduc ed wuge scale proposed by the con tractors. Decision to submit the prop osition to the men was reached by union chiefs after the employers had promised thnt contracts for projects totulllng $100,000,000 would be let If the wngo scale Is reduced. At present the Industry Is nlinost nt n standstill here. Tho balloting' will extend through sovernl days. The proposed reductions rnnge from 20 to tin per cent. Skilled labor would drop from $1.25 an hour to $1 and unskilled from $1.00 to 70 cents. The cut, If ndopted, would be effective on Mny 1. Millions Lost in Cold Wave. Mountain Grove, Mo. The dnmago to the fruit crops In the Ozurk region caused by the recent cold wave Is es timated nt between - $10,000,000 and $15,000,000, it was announced by horti cultural experts, following the compila tion of reports from the fruit districts In Missouri nnd Arkansas. Apples, peurs, peaches, apricots, cherries nnd plums have been found to be n com plete loss, while the damuge to straw berries nnd grapes wus said to bo a partial loss. Fire Destroys Potash' Plant. Alliance. Nell. Fire. Riinnnsml tn have orlghmted from sparks from a passing Burlington train, totally de stroyed tho east phmt of the Amerlcnn Potash company ut Antloch, about 15 miles east of hero Saturday, causing n loss estimated at between $500,000 and $700,000. President Makes Appointments. Washington, D. C Tho appointment of Chnrles II. Burke of Pierre, S. D., a business mnn nnd former chairman of the house Indian committee, is an nounced by President Harding as com missioner of IndluimfTnlrs. The pres ident nlso appointed George H. Cnrter of Iowa to, bo public printer, and Thomas Robertson of Maryland, com missioner of patents. Soviets Seek Trade With U. S. London. Despite the uncompromis ing tone' of tho recent note of Secre tary of State Hughes In reply to rep resentations by Itussla for tho opening of trade relations with tho United States, tho principal objective of the Russian soviet eoverument's forelirn policy Is nnd will continue to ho tho cstnmisiiment of relations with the United States, according to Lcnoid Krnssln, bolshevik representative. Will Again Produce Passion Play. Oberammcrgau, Bavaria. Tho vil lage elders of Ohcrammerguu have voted to ennct tho Passion play In 1022. Tho hist presentation was given In i010. Tho peasants who portray tlio sufferings und death of Jesus Christ In fulfillment of a vow mado .In 1G34 to present the Passion play every ten years as an expression of gratitude for having been spared from plague, were unable to enact It In 1020, because of unsettled conditions and tho havoc which the war wrought among the performers and musicians Germans Drinking Less Beer. Washington, D. O. Beer drinking In Germany has fallen off by more than 750,000,000 gallons a year, as compared with pre-war consumption, Consul General William Coffin at Berlin re ported to the Department of Com morco. Tho consumption dropped from 1,272,000,000 gallons In 1013 to 541, 000,000 In 1020, while wlno consump tlon decreased from 70,000,000 to 52,- 000,000. Mr. ColHn added, howover, that the population of Germany had decreased by 4,500,000 In the same period. i LEGISLATIVE NEWS ; Criminal charges wero filed In tho house of representatives against Hop resentative John O. Yclser, Jr., of Omaha, charging hltu with Inning left (he stnto while a member of the leg islature nnd going to Council Bluffs, where he wns married to Miss Gert rude A. Sturm, dnutrhtcr of Senator and Airs. A. F. Sturm of NehafwUa. Yelser entered n ploa of not guilty, but was sentenced to n lmiig and hnp py niurrled life by tho chairman nud presented with a handsome beaten sil ver ten set, the gift of the house, nnd released from custody nftcr solemnly promising that It would nover happen again. Senate amendments to the state hall Insurance hill were concurred In by the lower house. Tho nmendmenta provide that only 10 per cent of the premiums must be paid Into the stnto before November 1, when tho balance will po Into the" stnto treasury. Tho houso passed the bill making It unlawful for nny porson, board or commission to nppoint a person re lated by blood or marriage to a clerk ship where -the remuneration corao3 from public funds. Congressman W. E. Andrews of Hastings, on his way hack to Wash ington for the special session of con gress which begins April 11, stopped In Lincoln long enough bo address a Joint session of the legislature. , The congressman declared that revision of tho governmentnl revenue machinery, except postal, nnd passage of an emer gency tntlff to prevent Importation of wheat from Canada, will be two of the principal tasks before the specljl session. The house passed two bills that are of particular Interest to dairy fann ers. These are part of a program for stamping out bovine tuberculosis In tho stute. One requires tho owners of all cows to hnvo them tested for tu berculosis within n year, and mean while the milk must ho pnstuerlzed. The other requires the testing of those brought Into the state. A measure licensing film companies operating in Nebrnsku, specifying how far they can go In showing sex nnd crime pictures and giving an unpaid commission power to withdraw the li cense nnd forco film companies to for feit the licence lntemey, will he sub mitted to tho sonnte Judlclnry commit tee ns a substitute for the motion pic ture censorship bill. Itlcknrd of Webster hns a substi tute bill for S. F. 240 which, If en acted Into law, will give country pre cincts and townships tho same right cities und villages now have to say where Sunday baseball shnll be played within their limits. Senator Rlkard la a farmer. Tho new department blue sky law carrying stringent provisions, giving tho stnto bureau of securities almost arbitrary control over new stock cor porations from the moment of their Inception, wns passed by the house by a vote of 70 to 3. The bill wns violent ly attacked by special lnterests"ln the state. The house committee of the whole has recommended for passage a bill providing thnt the lieutennnt governor when acting ns chief executive shnll receive the salary of tho governor and thnt It shall bo taken from the gover nor's salary fund. n. V. Hoagland, sergennt-at-urms of the state senate and n member of thnt branch of the law-making body In the sessions of 1013 and 1015, has been appointed federal Jury commis sioner by Judgo T.. C. Munger. Having disposed of virtually all of Its own Important measures, with only n few exceptions, tho senate is seeing Its way clear to adjourn about April 15. The state selliltu has killed Senate File No. 218, a, hill creating a state school medical Inspector in the state superintendent's otllce. The co-operative hanking bill passed the house without n single Tote raised la opposition. The house of representntlves hns declared In favor of nationalizing the coal Industry. Nebraska's rood building program for 1021 calls for tho construction of 22 separato projects totaling approxi mately 250 miles of state highway nt on estimated cost of $2,000,000. Tho houso-advanced for third read ing the Wllllnms bill, providing for nn unpaid commission to udopt n stuto Hag, and also to get a now state seal, upon which tho golden rod, tho state llower, will figure prominently. It shall he emblematic of tho history, ex perience, sovorclgnty and dignity of tho state. A special appropriation bill has been approved for passuge by tho house, which takes care of department nnd Institution needs from April 1 to Juno 30 this year, In order to put the stnte on tho now'IVcal year basis, be ginning July 1. The Osterman reparations bill, con stituting the stnte railway commis sion n court of reparations to ndjust claims on excessive freight or express rates on Intrastate shipments wus pnssed by the house without a single objection. Lucky Strike cigarette XemWoliaRnlfgrmilk THE GREAT Poultry and Hog Feed 100 PURENo Adulteration Makes Pig Hogs . ! Makes Chicks Chickens Reduce White Diarrhoea and Chohra Lottta Increase Egg Production ORDER NOW Don't Walt it Day You Are Miming Something Good PRICES REDUCED TO Bbls., 500 lbs. 3c per lb. Half bbls., 300 lbs 4tfc per lb. Quarter bbls., 140 lbs 4Jf c per lb. f. o. b. factor! SPECIAL NOTICE You may deduct one-half cent per pound from above prices, for cash with order, during April and May. Consolidated Products Co. Dept. 300 Lincoln, Nebr. irFairy Sodas packed iniin keep the dainty irethncwm. FAIRY SODA TfEN BISCUIT Co uin luntmuviunAU i r-urwnA Cuts Down Work j of Preparing Meals A returnable can of Fairy Soda Crackers la a labor saver In the kitchen. These fine crackers may bo uied In many ways always ready for serving, without wasto and with out preparation. tj Fairy Soda Cracker crumbs are used wherever bread crumbs can be used. Two thirds of a cup of cracker crumb will re place one cup of bread crumbs. Ak our Grocer for I-TENfl FAinr SODAS and Be Ufe you get the genuine. g I How To Start A Store Of Your Own Large wholesale house will umish i i i i locauon ana snowyou now to start a business that develops quick sales and good profits right frorn the start. A little money goes a long way in this new kind of a store. For partic ulars address J. D. McGUFFIN 426 W. Randolph St. Chicago, Hi EIGHT FINE FARMS Datern Nebraska; Western Iowa; DgukIu Counly. Nebraska: Pottowattamle, Taylor. Adams, Fremont Counties, Iowa. Hundred slity to alz hundred forty acres; hlght grade, best neighborhood, highly produc tive, flneat Improvement, close In. On mala roads. Equipment If desired. Prices right. Terms to suit. low Interest. D. A. BAUM. Owntr. City Nat'l Bldg.. OMAHA EIGHT FINE FARMS Cuticura Soap The Safety Razor Shaving Soap OotleoraSosp Kts without mog. Ersrywem tt. TOIIACCO Aged two years. No trash. Nu Tugs. Krom FAIIM to YOU. Smoking or Chewing. Quality guaranteed. liaise ami pald.-bkridg. FarmrMVynrKyV'DeVrA: FRECKLES g5$!Si!S t r br MiWAr.-uV.ca5SIS WoastedJ W. N. U., OMAHA, NO. 15-1921.' 4