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SANTO DOMINGO: FIRST
LOVE AND LAST RESTING
PLACE OF COLUMBUS
Christopher Columbus, In placing the
great western hemisphere on the uuil
of the world, left bin Impress more
deeply on what It now the Dominican
republic thmi on any other bit of land
In the New World.
The very mime of the capital of the
republic, Santo Domingo, whose ward
ship under the United States has been
under public discussion recently, Is a
family affair with the Columbuses.
The great discoverer nnnied for bis
father this first permanent city estab
lished by Europeans In the Americas.
The same name Is applied to the Isl
and of which the republic Is a part
almost as commonly as Its aboriginal
name, Haiti; and finally the paternal
name Is further perpetuated In that
of the republic Itself.
The remains of Columbus are be
lieved by Investigators who have ex
amined the evidence In the case to lie
In the cathedral In Santo Domingo
city. The body of the discoverer was
brought to the Island of his early irl
imrihs from Spain, where he died and
was placed beside Hint of bis son
Diego. It was thought that the Span
iards removed the remains of Chris
topher Columbus when they trans
ferred sovereignty of the Island to the
French In 17(a. It appears from later
examinations of the burial vaults of
the cathedral, bowevor, that the casket
which was borne In such great state
from Santo Domingo to Havana at the
end of the Eighteenth century and
from Havana to Spain a hundred
years later, contained Instead the ashes
of Diego, the son.
The city of Santo Domingo grow to
he a wonderful place during the early
days of Spanish dominion, but Colum
bus did not live to see much of the
development. His son, Diego Colum
bus, however, engraved the family
name deeper on the city and the coun
try of which It was the capital, setting
up there a court of such regal splrn
dor that It uroused the envy of the
Spanish king,
Santo Domingo seemed destined to
become the bustling metropolis of a
Western empire. Hut It became the
victim of exploitation. After a turbu
lent history, during which, the native
Indians were exterminated ami thou
sands of African slaves were Import
d, the latter, assisted by mula'tto free
men, rose, In the last years of the
Eighteenth century, abolished slavery
and drove their oppressors from the
Island. Though the land of the'Domlu
lean republic reverted for a while to
Spanish control, and later wns con
quered by the republic of Haiti, with
which It shares, the Island, it estab
lished Its Independence In 1814 and
lias retained Its Individuality since.
WOMEN THE FINANCIERS
OF A FORGOTTEN
KINGDOM
vAlong busy highways of ocean trav
el, land links between Japan and For
mosa, not far from China's coastwise
routes, yet visited by only two or three
white persons a year-such are the
Loo Choo (I.uehu or Hyiiku) Islands.
"Loo Choo Is a land full of the hide
Hcrllmblo charm and mystery of the
Orient, but replete with the pathos of
a vanishing rnce," writes Roy Chap
man Andrews to the Nntlonul Geo
graphic society.
"Hut, although !t has been -10 years
since there sounded tho death knell
of this little hidden kingdom, Loo
Choo s not yet Japan. The traveler
realizes this even before he lands. The
pine-clothed, tomb-dotted hills which
form the background of the strange
little cities of Nana and Shurl have
nn unfamiliar look and tho pretty tiled
roofs of tho diminutive houses, Just
visible over the surrounding gray
stone walls, give fascinating hints of
what may be found beyond their hu
ll tiered gateways. On their entire 000
nqunre miles of land only one white
man, an American missionary, Is resi
dent. "With our money changed, we began
to look about to spend It, for Loo Choo
Js tho home of the red lucquer ware
famous throughout the world. Much
of It Is exported, and the finest of the
boxes, bowls, trays, tables, etc., which
are In dally use In Japan and China
and sold to tourists throughout the
Orient, come from the little city of
Nairn, or Shurl, Its neighbor across the
hills. The lacquer ware, when first
made, Is a dull brown, but really tlrst
class pieces Improve with nge and soon
change t n beautiful vermilion, be
coming brighter and clearer the longer
they are used.
"When wo came to buy lacquer we
were greatly surprised to find that bar
gaining bad nn place In Loo Choo.
Without exception, the first price
asked for at article wns the one for
which It was sold. Never In the Ori
ent had we' mot with u similar condl
tliui. "It was Interesting to Hud, also, that
the women of Loo Choo conduct all
business 'and have charge of every
thing pertaining to money with the
single slight exception of spending It.
fj'he market, where In the morning
lending for vegetables nnd fruit Is ear
ned on. res-mbles a suffrage meeting
place, for among the crowded mass or
Immunity not a man Is to be seen.
"The straight backs nnd erect car
riage of 11m Loo Choo women are due
to the custom of carrying everything
upon their heuds. No mntter what the
object, be It large or small, It Is
perched upon their thick, bluck hair,
and off they walk In the most non
chalant mnnner.
"The most striking thing about Nairn
nnd Shurl are tho high stone walls
which surround tho houses. These
walls are generally covered by a small
banyan tree, called the gojn. mum,
growing like a great vine and sending
out numberless roots which sometimes
reach a hundred feet from the original
stem.
"These also serve as a biding place
for a snuke. a kind of adder, six or
seven feet long, which Is the curse of
the Islands. Their bite Is generally
fatal In a few hours, and many people
are killed by them each year."
MODERN TATOI AND
ANCIENT ATHENS
Constautlne, whose return to tho
throne of Greece was discussed after
the death of Alexander, bad a famous
summer palace at Tntol, before his ab
dication. There he spent much time
during the flnnl uneasy months of his
reign.
Tatol Is 1(1 miles north of Athens by
way of Kophlsla. In strong contrast
to the harsh and stormy political situ
ation which encompassed the members
or the royal family following the out
break of the World war, their physical
environment was wholly delightful, for
Tatol Is ono of the most beautiful
spots of Attica, nestling almost at the
foot of the I'n rues mountains. In the
distance towers tho famous Pontoll
kon, from whose summit one may ob
tain the finest view to he hud from
any of the Attic hills.
Historically, Tatol Is noteworthy for
being freighted with unhappy associa
tions. In Its vicinity stand the ruins
of an old fort, known us the ICastro,
which marks the center of the demo
(township) of Decelea.
It was at Decelea, 11! miles In un air
lino north of Athens, that the traitor
Alclbhides, he of whom Aristophanes
wrote that "they (the Athenian sol
diers) love, they hate, but cannot live
without him," counseled the Spartans
to construct strong fortifications In or
der to Intercept the caravans of grain
from Euboeu, which supplied the cap
ital with food. Alclbhides, by his be
trayal of the Athenian navy which had
Invested Syracuse In Sicily, hud al
ready fulfilled the prophecy of tho
misanthrope Tlmon who had said upon
one of the many occasions when tho
young Athenian's rash proposals had
been Indorsed by the populace, "Go on,
my brave boy, and prosper; for your
Iirosperlty will bring on the ruin of all
this crowd." Ills advice to seize and
fortify Decelea In -11!! . C. brought
Irretrievable ruin on bis native city
and resulted In an Inestimable loss to
the human race, for It crushed Athens.
By "no of the strnnge whims of "the
crowd," the Athenian army In Its dark
est hour sent a message to Alclbhides
Inviting hltn to desert the Spartans In
to whose power he had betrayed Ida
own people. And by an equnlly strange
whim Alclbhides accepted the Invita
tion, rushing to Samns to assume
command of his old associates. Hut It
was too late, Athens was doomed.
Lysander, commanding the Spartan
navy, administered a crushing defeat
to Athenian sea power nt Aegospotanil,
on the Hellespontr Three thousand of
the defeated Athenians were massa
cred, and Xenophon, the historian,
with tragic simplicity relates thnt
when the news' reached the capital,
"That night no man slept."
Tatol is reached today by a railway
Journey of eight and a half miles to
Kephlsla, and a carriage drive of
seven and a half miles from that point.
The new summer palace was built for
the king and the old palace was de
signed as the residence of the crown
prince. A beautiful park and a ven
erable oak grove surround the royal
homes. A short distance to the north
Is the barracks of the rural police,
known as the Chorophylakes.
THE GRASSHOPPER: MUSI
CIAN, MONSTER AND
AVIATOR
Once more the ravenous grasshopper
wrought devastation upon Western
fields this fall, and the plague became
especially destructive In Texas.
. Writing to the National Geographic
society. David Falrchlld describes this
fascinating, If ruthless, creature as
follows:
"The young king grasshopper Is
probably twenty days old and Its wings
have not developed, but It can Jump a
hundred times Its length, whereas man
can, scarcely cover three times his
length at a leap. When Its wings grow
and Its luternnl air sacs till with air It
can sail nway for miles. One represen
tative of this great family can sail for
a thousand miles before tho wind, and
they go in such numbers that they
make a cloud '.2,000 square miles In ex
tent. "Its great front Up hides a pair of
Jaws as effective as a hay-chopper, and
it has an appetite as voracious as that
of a hippopotamus. This voracious
ness and those Jaws are what have
made several of Us relatives tho
plague of mankind. They multiply In
such numbers as to batllo all calcula
tion, and every living green thing for
thousands of square miles disappears
down their throats, leaving the coun
try they Infest desolate.
"When the young grasshopper
emerges from the egg It Is very small
Indeed a wingless, helpless little
creature, all legs and mouth.
"It pusses through successive ages,
or stages, ai they are called, each one
of which Is separated from the other
by a moult or casting of Its outer
shell,
"These moults tuke place nt fixed
periods, and as the Insect finds Itself
restrained by Its firm, inelastic skele
ton, a longitudinal rent occurs along
the back, and the Insect, soft and dan
gerously helpless, struggles out of the
old skin inclosed In a new but delicate
cuticle, which takes some time to
harden nnd color up.
"Whether this creature has a per
sonality or not may be forever ex
tremely dllllcult for humans to decide.
Its eyes, that look like cows' eyes,
rcitlly cast a thousand Images' on i
special kind of brain, so different from
our own that we cannot understand It
anil then besides these great big eyes
It has three others. Its short, ringed
horns are not horns at all, but sense
organs of so complicated a nature that
we do not yet know certainly whethei
they nro organs of smell or not. and It
Is supposed that they may be the Feat
of sense organs that we humans do not
have.
"In front of the great thighs Imbed
ded on each side of the body are the
so-called ears, tuned no doubt to catch
vibrations of the air far too delicate
or too frequent for our ears.
"The Jumping legs of the creature
are filled with powerful muscles,
which, when they expand, can hurl It
through the air and enable It to es
cape from Its enemies. On the Inner
side, along the lower rib, of the wing,
Is the musical Instrument. It Ik a row
of hard, head-like projections, which
are very highly developed in , the
males, but not at all In the females.
When the edge of the wing Is scraped
over these projections a musical sound
Is made."
ALONG OUR TURBULENT
BORDER
"No region In all North America Is
more frequently mentioned or more
widely misunderstood, perhaps, than
the Mexican border." writes Frederick
Slmpleh, formerly American consul nt
Nognles, Mox.. to the National Geo
graphic society.
"From the Gulf of Mexico up to El
Paso, along the Texas frontier, the
Rio Grande forms the boundary be
tween the United States and Mexico;
thence to the Pacific coast the line Is
marked by stone or Iron monuments
(save a short break nt the Colorado),
so set that one Is supposed to be vis
ible from another. liy this plan a Sol
dier, miner or cowman (yes, and a
smuggler, too) can always tell which
side of the line he Is on ; or, If wholly
lost and he conies suddenly on a mon
ument, he soon can get oriented.
"Adventurous, colorful and full of
contrasts as It Is, the 1,800-mlle trip
along this crooked, historic line is
rough nnd dllllcult and has been made
by a few people.
"The Itlo Grande purt of tills border
has caused both Uncle Sam and Mex
ico much work and mental anguish.
During bad floods the line as formed
by the river squirms around In so as
tonlsblng and lively a mnnner that
what Is Mexican soli one day may be
In Texas the next, and vice versa.
"Railroads cut this long border lino
nt Brownsville, Laredo. Eagle Pnss
and El Paso, Tex.; r.t Douglas, Naco
and Nogales, In Arizona, and at Calex
Ico and Tin Juuna, In California. Only
four of these railroads, however, are
main lines of through trnfllc that pene
trate the Interior of Mexico; these
start at Laredo, Englo Pass, El Paso
and Nognles.
"No section of the border has seen
so much of adventure, tragedy and
turbulent activity as Texas. The flags
of France, Spain and Mexico have
waved over It; for a time It flew Its
own Lone Star and also the Confed
erate flag.
"As you follow the bonier west,
oaks, pines and underbrush decrease,
aridity Increases and cacti lift their
thorny bends. Border counties like
BreWster, Presidio nnd El Paso are of
amazing area larger than some of
our small Eastern states. Windmills
are everywhere "big electric fans to
keep the cattle cool,' a waggish cow
boy once explained to a London ten
derfoot. "El Pnso Is the only large city from
'San Antone' to Los Angeles, a ride of
1.WK) dry. dusty miles.
"The largest Irrigation reservoir
anywhero Is the great Elephant Butte
dam, which stores more water than
the world-famous Assunn dam on the
Nile.
"From the point at Monument No.
1, where the boundury line crawls out
of the Itlo Grnnde (nt the southeast
corner of New Mexico), it strikes west
Into a wilderness of slngulnrly dry
and empty aspect. For -10 miles along
this march the traveler must carry his
own water.
"To the west lie the rough, hostile
foothills of the Dog mountains; near
here, In tho San Luis range, the line
reaches a point of 0,000 feet above
the sea, marking the continental di
vide. "In tho San Bernardino valley the
lino strikes the tlrst running water
after quitting the Rio Grande 101:
miles to the east. Here rises tho
famous Vaqul river, thnt long, crooked
stream that mennders through the vast
Mexican state of Sonorn and through
the turbulent Yaqul Indian zone, final
ly emptying Into the Gulf of Califor
nia below Gunymus.
"In tho whole 700-mlle stretch from
the Rlo Grande to the Pacific this line
crosses only :lvo permanent running
streams, and the nverago rainfall
throughout Its length Is only eight
Inches.
"Save the hamlets of Columbus nnd
Hnchltn, tho Now Mexican section of
this border Is almost uninhabited."
bat Is believed to bo the world's only hotel for horses, Is In Clmrlottenburg, near Berlin, and It not only pro
villus luxurious quarters for the horses of the Berlin Bus company, but rents many "rooms" for horses brought Into
the city. It Is four stories high In back and three In front, with n basement. On each lloor there Is a roomv "porch"
running the full length of the building. These "porches" are used with an Inclined runway for entering or leaving
the "hotel." A regular hotel service Is provided for the "guests."
.Many new representatives of Lutln-Ainericnn countries sat at the tlrst JOUO meeting of the Pan-American Union
governing board, held nt the Pan-American building, Washington. Secretary of State Colby presided. Those In the
picture left to right are: Secretary Colby; Dr. L. S. Rowe, director general; Ambnssador of Brazil Augusto Coch
rane de Alencnr; Minister of Venezueln, Sr. Dr. Don Santos A. Domlnlcl; Minister of Colombln, Dr Carlos Adolfo
Urueta; Minister of Uruguay, Dr. Jacobo Vnrela; Minister of Guntemnla, Dr. Jules Blnnchi; Chnrge d'Affalres of
Panama, Sr. Don .7. E. Lefevre; Charge d'Affalres of Haiti. Albert Blanchet; Assistant Director Pan-American Union
Francisco J. Ynnes; Charge d'Affalres of Bolivia, Sr. Alberto Cortndellns; Minister of Costn Rica Dr Octavlo Bed
chl; Minister of Honduras, Sr. Don J. Antonio Lopez Gutierrez, and Minister of Ecuador, Sr. Dr Don Rnfael II
Ellzalde.
Turkey for Senator Harding
The origin of the White House turkey during the Wilson administration
has been Maryland, but the first Unrdlng turkey, n 38-pound Illinois bronze
turkey, was furnished by the Harding Girls' club of Morris & Co.. Chlcugo,
and wns forwarded to President-elect Harding nt Panama canal zone.
Last of the Mohicans in Washington
Lemuel Oocum Fielding, tho "Lust of the Mohlcnns." surviving chief of
that tribe, In Wnshlngton with his son nnd daughter, to confer with Cato Sells,
commissioner of Indian affairs, regardlug the title to land In Norwich, Conu.,
which he says belongs to his tribe.
Only Hotel in the World for
Pan American Union Board
Horses
in Session
GOLD STAR MOTHER
1 This beautiful statue, the Gold Star
Mother, now stands In front of tho
building of the Chicago Historical so
ciety. A REAL POLICEWOMAN
Miss Irene McAullffe of Weston,
Mass., the latest appointee to the
Washington squad of policewomen,
has had much experience In police
work. She Is the daughter of the
chief of police of Weston, and for
more than n year has been acting head
of the town's police force. She was
sworn In as a bpeclal otllcer of tho
Weston department several years ago,
Is an expert horsewoman nud a dev
otee of all forms of athletics.
