TTTT3 Nmrni PLATTB RRMTAVRRKLV TRFHTINTJ.
LOW DEMAND HURTS OUTPUT
GRANT BIG RAIL
RATE INCREASES
WILSON APPEALS
TO MINE WORKERS-
Reluctance to Duy On Part of Public
Reflects D'cldedly On the
Duslness World.
Sweeping Boost Permitted By
Interstate Commerce
Commission
FREIGHT ADVANCE ONE-THIRD
Passenger Fares to Go Up One-Fifth
Pullman Charoes Doubled May
Go Into Effect Next Month.
Schedules Vary.
Washington, D. O. Sweeping rate
Increases wore granted the iiatfim'H
railroads In n decision handed down
by tlit; Inlcrstnto commerce eoiiltnls
hIiiii. Freight rates will he advanced
nbout one-third, passenger faros ont
flflh nnd Pullman charges ope-half.
It Ih estimated that tlu Increases
will bring tin rondH $1,r00,(XX),00.
They HHk;d $1 Oir,,OOO,O00.
Couslwiso mid Inlnnd Meamshlp
lines ami electric rallwuy companies
nlso were grunted nn increase III
freight rates In proportion to the In
creases granted railroads serving the
enme territory.
I'he new rates, to cnntlnne until
March 1, 1022, will become effective,
on live dnyH' notice hy the curriers to
the commission nnd the puhllc, and
these must he In operation before Jan
uary 1. Since the government giinran
tee expires September 1 the carriers
are expected to put the advances Into
effect by then.
The Increases are designed to offset
the SOOO.OOO.OOO wage advance award
ed by the railroad labor board ami to
provide the (t per cent net Income of
the aggregate value of the railroad
properties under the transportation
act. The uggrcgutc value of all rail
loads was estimated by the commis
sion at $18,000,000,000, as against a
book value of $20.0 10,000,000 given' by
the carriers.
The -'0 per cent Increase In passen
ger faros, excess baggage charges and
milk transportation ratiis and the .10
per cent surcharge' on Pullman fares
, will be general. Freight rate Increases
will vary according to territory, with
1(1 per cent In the wist, 25 per cent III
the south, ft."i per cent In the west
from the Mississippi river, to the Rocky
mountains and 25 per cent In menu-tiiln-Pntiflc
territoryfront east of the
ItocUles to the Pacific coast, not In
eluding Ahiskn.
Tlie cnuunlsslon said that the In
creases were Justified In view of the
rapidly changing price conditions and
the necessity for providing adequate
Iruhsnortntlon facilities during read
justment. BLAMES SPECULATORS.
National Coal Association Exonerates
Operators.
Washington, D. C Rlumo for exor
bitant coal prices was placed on spec
ulators, In a statement by the National
Coal association. Federal trade com
mission figures giving the average
fides price at the bituminous mines
during April as $'1.20, It is said, "indi
cate the slender average of profit per
ton realized by the Industry."
Mine cost was placed at $2.7(1 per
ton by the commission, the statement
pointed out, adding that the 50 cents
margin between 'be cost and selling
price was not net profit, for from It
must be deducted Interest on borrowed
capital and other expenses.
"The blame for exorbitant prices
lies in the activity of speculators,"
declared the rXAtement, which added
that car shortage "paved the way for
the play of speculative prices,"
Reds Near Warsaw,
Paris. The Russian wivlet army Is
tiearlng Wnrsaw, latent reports state
advance guards of the bolshevikl were
within 75 miles of the city. It has
captured Loiiikii, Just that dwtamo
iiorthest, and Koine and S.eeuc.yn,
near the German border In tno Lonua
region. In spite of the bolshevik sm
cexscf, military experts of tlw Anglo
Franri. commission In London are op'l-
mlstle beomlse of the stiffening In the
resistance of the Polish forces of the
northern army. Many ships are arrlv
lug nt Danzig from French and British
jwrts with ammunition, which is being
rushed to the Polish front.
Wheat Lowest In Two Years.
Chicago, 111. For the find time In
more than two years wheat futures on
tho Chicago board of trade were near
the $2 mark last Saturday,
A drop of 10 cents In December
wheat brought the total drop for the
week to 40 cents and put the price at
$2.12, March wbeat followed Decern
ber closely, the final bid being $2.18.
leading traders saw In the dropping
market evidence of an over-supply of
grain In the country.
Villa Wanted In U. 6.
Washington, D. C. Recognition of
the new Mexican government by tho
United States In tho opinion of Mexi
can observers here bnH been brought
nearer by Francisco, Villa's surrender.
Villa's, status as far as the United
Rtntcs Is concerned, however, Is not
changed greatly. Ho Is uuder Indict-,
tnent charged with the killing of
unldlcrs and civilians at Columbus, N.
11., In 1010. and the jdaeing of himself
under the law of his own country may
wean his extradition will Ik sought.
Washington, D. C Curtailment of
Industrial activity, due to lower de
mand, cancellation of orders and gch
ernl readjustment, were the outstand
ing developments In the business of
the country during July, the 1-Vderal
Reserve hoard declared In its monthly
review.
"In some districts production con
tinues upon old orders still on the
books, despite the fact that new busi
ness lias fallen oir," the report says.
"In the agricultural regions Improv
ed crop conditions and development of
a more confident tone In business are
reported to have brought about a turn
for the butter.
"Speculation in commodities In
many sections Is reported to have been
greatly reduced and In some practically
eliminated. There Is a general feeling
that extravagant buying Is, at least,
less extreme nnd dangerous than It
was some time ago."
The transportation problem contin
ued unsolved during the month, the re
view reported, and while some local
Improvement were tinted, there re
mained great freight congestion, pro-
voklng "an undue and unnecessarily ,
severe strain upon credit."
NEW 8UGAR FACTORY.
Mlnntnre, Neb., to Be 6lte for Two
Mills. To Operate In 1921.
ScnttsblutT, Neb. Announcement lias
Just been made hy Hie otllclals of the
Great Western Sugar company at this
place that the company will start work
at once on the erection of a sugar fac
tory to be located at Mlnatare, 10
miles east of SeottsblufT. The nevvf
mill Is to be ready for operation when'
the 1021 beet slicing campaign opens
nbout the first of October, next year.
With this announcement property
virtues" In the little city have gone sky
ward, and In many instances have
twice doubled. This Is due somewhat
to the fact that the Farmers Union
Co-operative Sugar company, organ
ized, by prominent Fanners' Union
members In this community, and af
111 hit ed with the state organization,
plans also to build a factory at that .
place, and will start work Just as soon
as safllclent stock has been sold. The
stock Is now helm: olfcsrcd to members
of the union over the stnte. and it Is 1
clnlmed by the organizers here tlmt a
ready ntarket has been found.
With the completion of these two
factories there will be six sugur-inak-Ing
mills located nlong the Burlington
line, within n distance of less than 40
miles.
WANTS BIG CAMPAIGN FUND.
Democratic Chairman Welcomes Con
trlbutions Big and Small.
Washington, D. C. Funds for
financing the democratic national cam
nu Im will be received In any amounts
and party lenders will be concerned 1
only with the sources from which the j
nionev, comes. Oeorge White, the new
national chairman, announced here. He
bnracteiized as "buncombe" the sug
gestion that campaign contributions be
limited to $1,000 for each contributor.
Party heads will scrutinize careful
ly all campaign gifts so "Hint no oh-
Miration will be entailed on tho candi
date," Mr. White asserted, adding that
any plans to restrict tlio amounts of
gifts would be useless since such coutii
easily be circumvented.
Frank Hanly, Dry Worker, Killed.
Dennlson, O. J, Frank llnnly, for
mer governor of Indiana, a prohibitum
andldate for president In 1010, una
Dr. and Mrs. C. M. linker of Kllgore.
O.. were killed six miles from here,
when a Pennsylvania freight train
struck their automobile. All suffered
fractured skulls atid crushed bodies
and did not recover consciousness after
being brought to a hospital. Dr. and
Mm. linker had met Mr. Hnhly in Den
nlson and were driving him to their
home In Kllgore, twenty miles away,
Nation's Greatest Tax Bill.
AVashlngton, D. C The nation's
greatest tax bill $5.410.281.874 was
collected during the fiscal year rind
ing June HO. Olllclal flcpres stlow
that the tax paid exceeded all coil
mates by approximately .WOO.000 000
nnd was nearly 75 per cent largo
than the total paid In the years of
1018 or 1010. In 1018 the tax levy
yielded $.1,001,010 OUS and the taxes
In 1010 aggregated $n8.'l0.050.012. Co',
lection of this record-breaking as
sessment cost $20,750,000.
Kansas Miners 8trlko.
Plt'sburg, Kus. In face of the Kan
sas Industrial Court law, which pro
hibits strikes and lockouts, more than
2,000 miners nre reported to hnve quit
work In various districts of the state
ns n protest against Ones levied by m
orators for oldening n five-day week.
May Close Freight Houses.
Washington, D. C The Interstate
Commerce Commission Is considering
the advisability of closing all freight
depots three days a week, otllclals of
the commission an' quoted as saying.
This proposal, It was learned, has
come from big shippers, who say It
will give them a more equitable shnre
of the car supply. It was understood
that railroad executives favor tho
move.
Closing of freight depots would re
sult In thousands of railroad cm
ployetn being put on halt Kmc.
l Soldiers and sailors parading at the Chester W. Chapln farm at Towners, N. Y., which has been donated
as n convalescent ennip for service men. 2 Thomas Fortune Ryan, who has gone to Europe supposedly to buy
the French tobacco monopoly for an American syndicate. 3 American Olympic team marching to the ves
sel that takes It to Antwerp. .
NEWS REVIEW OF
CURRENT EVENTS
Bolshcviki Must Accept Miller
and's Terms if. They Want to
Negotiate Peace.
LUDENDDRFF OFFERS ARMY
Will Provide a Million Cermans to
Fight Russia, on Conditions
Armistice for Poland Villa
Surrenders, Cantu Rebels,
' In Mexico.
. By EDWARD W. PICKARD.
The dove of peace Is being treated
roughly in Kurope. F.very time one
nation puts up a nice perch for her
to alight upon, some other nation ,
shoos her away. Insisting that she
must sit on Its perch or stay up In the
air.
Premier Lloyd George thought he
had found the way of pei with the
Itusslan bolshevikl and went to Hon
logue to tell Premier Mlllcrniid all
nbout It and to get his Indorsement.
Hut Mlllcrand had his own Ideas, and
the result wus that .the little Welsh
man hurried home, virtually admitting
that tho Frenchman's plans must pre
vail. Briefly. Mlilerand declares that
If the Loudon conference proposed by
the soviet government is held, peace
with Poland must be the Hrst subject
discussed, nnd that representatives of
Poland and all other states bordering
on Itussln must be Invited to partici
pate In the meeting. Another condi
tion Is that Huron General Wrangle
shall not be delivered up to the bolshc
viki. Mlllerand's, first consideration Is the
safety of Poland, which he Insists
must be constituted a buffer state to
keep bolsbevism out of Germany. He
djltl not need even to mention the claim
for recognition of the Itusslan debt
to France, for the discussion did not
get that far. He refused tu sign the
note to Moscow stating the, conditions
of the conference. So l.loyd Oeorge
returned to London, pretended he
was quite satisfied with the situation,
nnd said the note would be forwarded
to Itussln us soon as it had been ap
proved by Italy.
Meanwhile Poland Is being over
whelmed, and If she Is to be aided.. (In
form of aid and the source from which
It Is to come remain undecided.
Neither Great Britain nor Italy Is in
a position politically tosend troops,
and Germany will not permit the al
lies to transport munitions of war
through her territory nor to turn over
to Poland the arms nnd ammunition
she surrendered to her conquerors. In
this Germany rests on the terms of
the peace treaty. France nlone could
send an army to the rescue of the
Poles, and this she may do.
One other alternative Is offered.
General Ludendorff, the former Ger
man war chief, Is said to have told
the British charge d'affaires at Herlln
that he will raise an army of 1,000.000
men to fight the bolshcviki If the nl
lies will consent. Hut his conditions
tiro that Posen be retu.ned to Ger
many, nnd that certain clauses of the
treaty of Versailles be annulled, among
them those dealing with Danzig. This
would be a hitter pill for the allies
to swallow, but It Is In effect the pre
scrlptlon nlso of Winston Churchill,
the Hrltlsh war minister, who asserts
that Germany alone can stop the for
ward mnrch of bolsbevism, and that
to permit her to do so would aid her
to recover speedily her place ailiong
the nations. Such n recovery flrohn
bly Is desired by those who would prof
It financially thereby, but not mnny
others are deeply concerned In It.
Friday snw the beginning of the
nrmlstlce between the Poles and the
soviet Russians and the start of no
gotlatlons for pence In the town of
Hnranovltchl, Fighting was supposed
to cease at that time, but It was con
tlnucd up to the Inst minute, the bol
shevikl capturing Hlnlystok and forc
ing the Poles steadily hack toward
Warsaw. The Lithuanians restricted
the territory through which the Hus
sions might pass, but a corps of Lith
uanian troops Joined the bolshevik
cavalry operating eastward through
Augustowo and Suwalkl ami the com
bined forces were reported massing
on the Fast Prussia frontier. The
German relehswehr wus concentrated
at Insterburg to repel the Invaders.
The diplomats of Kurope were not
especially hopeful Inst week that the
conference at Haranovitchl would
bring about peace between the two
warring nation and were awaiting
the Itusslan armistice terms with ini
patl.ence. It was reported that Le
nlne favored moderate terms, while
Trotzky wished them so oppressive
and humiliating that the Poles would
be forced to continue lighting or over
throw their government If the terms
were accepted.
The press of Warsaw Is especially
skeptical concerning the Intentions
and good faith of the soviet Russians,
expressing the belief that the Intter
do not want pence.
"Poland Is fully aware that negotia
tions may be broken off any minute
and that, while they bust, soviet Itus
sln will make all efforts to cause an
outbreak of holshcvisiu and revolution
hi Poland," the Gazetn Wnrszawska,
declares. "Therefore Poland must, In
order to safeguard an honorable peace,
wither all her patriotic spirit and en
ergy." The Itusslan patriot Harzew, now In
Warsaw Is quoted by the Corlcr Po
ranny as saying!
"I do not believe peace will be made
between Polapd and soviet Itussln.
The suvet regime needs a temporary
rest and It will sign an armistice. If
It signs pence It will mean (hat the
soviet rule hopes through propaganda
to establish a soviet government In
Poland."
The French in Syria professed to
find that King Felsul was Insincere In
Ids submission, so they stormed and
captured Damascus and ordered Fels
ul to leave the country. So far there
has been no outside opposition to this
procedure, but It is conceivable that
Great Britain will In some way help
that Arab chieftain who gave them'
such valuable assistance In, the cap
ture of Palestine.
In Thraqe the Greeks have been
making great progress 'against the
Turkish nationalists anil after desper
ate fighting they occupied Adrhitiople,
the headquarters of .Tafar Tayur, and
'captured , that lender and lns staff.
King Alexander himself entered the
city and was warmly welcomed. The
Greeks also took Klrk-Klliseh and oth
er strategic points, and It wns an
nounced 1 lut t It would now be com
paratively easy to clear the country of
the nationalist bauds.
Poor old Mexico! No sooner does
she get rid of one disturbing element
than number springs up to continue
the , turmoil. Lust week "Pnncho"
Villa, having received assurances of
forgiveness nnd tlnanclal reward for
his efforts In the past, surrendered to
the government and promised to spend
the rest of his life as u peaceful farm
er. Hut at the same time came the
news that Kstehan Cantu, governor of
the northern district of Lower Cali
fornia, was considered by the govern
ment to lie In open rebellion. Can
tu professed to be hstoulsbed by this
view of his position and denied tin
charge. He said he bad been advised
that the provisional government vvat
sending two bodies of troops, number
ing about Jl.OOtl men, against him, and
that he would have 4,000 men ready
to resist In the field any attempt to
Invade his province. He ussured pro
tection to Americans nnd other for
eigners engaged In lawful occupations
In Lower California. The prospects
for a stubborn conflict wern good,
though United States Consul Hoyle at
Mexlcall urged our government to use
Its good offices to prevent hostilities.
"I am surrendering because the
country needs ienre for reconstruc
tion." said Villa to General Martinez,
who arranged for the capitulation of
tho bandit chief, Hut the story comes
from Mexico that Villa "has been giv
en very pleasing tlnanclal guaranties."
His men are to be mustered out nt
Torreon, and each of them Is to re
ceive a year's pay and a tract of land.
There was somo relief in sight In
the coal situation in the United States,
(hough no one would predict an Imme
diate end of the trouble with the bi
tuminous miners of the middle West.
President Lewis of the United Mine
Workers of America asked for a Joint
conference of operators nnd mlnera
"to deal with the confusion that ex
Ists In the coal Industry," and the Illi
nois operators consented to meet tho
workers for the purpose of discussion,
but would not agree to reopen tho
wage agreement unjll they received
authority from Washington. So serl
rlous Is the threat of a fuel famine tlmt
Governor Lowdcn of Illinois urged the
authorities nt Washington to net quick
ly in bringing nbout a settlement. In
the national capital It was said Sec
retary of Labor Wilson was about to
make a" report to the president. Mr.
Tumulty, secretary to President Wil
son, snld a satisfactory solution of the
problem would be reached through the
efforts of Attorney General Pnlmer,
who named a committee to Ox profit
margins, and the orders of the Inter
state commerce commission. Others
were, not nearly so optimistic ns Mr.
Tumulty.
Governor Cox of ' "o wns signally
honored on Friday by his home town,
Dayton. Ills fellow citizens, regard
less of party atllllntlons, made him
the. chief figure In the "home-coming"
celebration, and he delivered a speech
in a handsome "court of hone'-" The
city was beautifully decorated and wns
thronged with visitors from all parts
of the state.
Dayton also has prepared for the
Cox notlflenltnn ceremony, set for Au
gust 7. This will take place In the
county fair grounds and the governor
will deliver his speech of acceptance
from the grand stand of the race
track, in which will he sound ampli
fiers such ns were Installed In the na
tional convention halls. Most of hist
week was devoted by Governor Cox
to tlie preparation of this speech. A
great many persons profess to he In
tensely Interested In what he will say
about liquor. It Is predicted that he
will steir skilfully around that ques
tion, ami may advise the people of the
United Stntes that If they want a lib
eral enforcement of the law, they must
elect congressmen who nre In favor of
such a course.
Governor Coolldge of Massachusetts
was formally notified of his vice pres
idential nomination on Tuesday and
responded with a speech In which he
did not markedly deviate from tho
lines laid down by Senator Harding.
The burden of it was that the country
must be speedily rescued from the re
actions of war.
Senntor Ilnrdlng's campaign Is not
by any means to be confined to his
front porch. Plans nre being made to
take li 1 in on an extensive speaking,
tour, which probably will Include Den
ver, Memphis. Iew York. Boston, Chi
cago nnd Indianapolis. lie mny even
go ns fur us the Pact tic coast. To avoid
certain errors of past campaigns, he
will not enter any state until Its pri
mary fights are over.
Winning three races In a row after
losing two, the- yacht Resolute suc
cessfully defended this country's pos
session of the America's cup against
the fourth attempt hy Sir Thomas Lin
ton to lift the International trophy.
Ills yacht, Shamrock IV. was out
footed and out-sailed by the American
boat and 4ts crc-v. nnd the ten mer
chant admitted that the Resolute was
the better boat. But he Is coming
across again In 1022 unless some other
Britisher captures tho cup next sum
mer. It Is estimated that Sir Thomns
spent In the neighborhood of a million
dollars In trying to win the trophy this
yenr.
The congressional Junketing party
that baft gone to the orient arrived at
Manila very seasick, hecnuse of ty
phoons thnt wrought hnvoc In parts of
the Islands. The visitors were Just
In time for the raising of n red ling
by nngry farm tenants near Manila,
whose rent hns been Increased six
times. This, a small incident In Itself,
shows the Filipinos, like the rest (?
the world, nre full of social unrest.
After ten days In the Philippines, the
party will bo taken to China under the
escort of Doctor Relnsch, former
American minister to China nnd now'
the adviser of that government.
Strike Must End Before Any
Wage Adjustment Can Bo
Accomplished
SAYS OBLIGATION VIOLATED;
President Lewis of United Mine Work
era Union "Profoundly Impressed"
By Chief Executive's Stand.
Orders Men to Work.
Washington, D. C President Wil
son, through the United Mine Work
ers of America, appealed to atrlklng
miner laborers In Illinois and Indiana,
to return to work.
Inequalities in the wages held by
the strike leaders to be the cause of"
the walkout which closed most of tlw
hltumtnous mines In the two Htutcs
may exist, the president snld. He
lidded he copld not recommend any
correction until the strikers returned,,
but that when they did so, he would'
Invite tho joint scale committee of"
operators and miners to meet to ad
just any Inequalities.
The president's appeal, a (eleam
nddressed to tho United Mine Work-
ers of America, wus sent after he
studied a report on the coi situation,
submitted by Secretary o Labor Wil
son. The president declared be was dis
tressed not only because failure at
this time to mine coal would result
In suficrlng during the winter, but
nlso because the "violation of the
lerms of your solemn obligation im
pairs your good nnme and tlireatens
the very foundation of fair industrial'
relations."
Heed Wishes of President.
Indianapolis, Ind. In .compliance
with the wishes of President Wilson,
John L. Lewis, president of the United
Mine Workers of America has lssuedv
a mandatory order Instructing all'
miners on strike in Indlnna and Illlnolsv
to return tn work Immediately to per
mit the normal operation of the mines,.
It was announced at miners' national'
headquarters.
The statement wns Issued nfter n
conference had reported favorably om
the president's message.
"I am profoundly Impressed by the
president's telegram," the statement "
said. "The" suggestion of the presi
dent will he npprovnd by every right
thinking and loyal member of the
United Mine Workers of America.'.'
NATION IS THREATENED.
Conditions Appalling As Result of Coal)
Strike, Says Lowden.
Chicago, III. An appalling condition,
threatens the country unless some
thing Is done to reopen coal mines In
Illinois and Kansas closed because of
strikes. Governor Frank O. Ijovvden.
declared In a statement Issued here.
Everything has been done that possib
ly could be done here to correct the
sltuntlon, he said. Tho Washington:
authorities, he added, have, In effect,
taken control, and "It Is to be hoped;
that they will act- with that prompt
ness which the gravity of the situation
demands." ,
After a conference Illinois coal op
erators Intimated they were willing to
meet representatives of the men In 'the
central competitive field, providing a.
federal representative Is present. At
St. Louis, In an effort to . cope with
the cool sbortnge. Mayor Kiel appoint
ed a committee with full power to reg
ulate distribution of fuel and designate
establishments that will receive priori
ty In deliveries.
FAILS TO LIFT CUP.
Ltpton's Challenger Defeated for the
Fourth Time.
Sandy Hook. N. J. Sir Thomas Llp
ton for tlie fourth time failed to cap
ture tho American yacht trophy when,
the American defender Resolute cap
tured the 1020 regatta, three to two, by
defeating Shamrock IV. In the final
raw. The defender outsillcd the chal
lenger decisively, boat for boot In the
Inst contest of a tempestuous series
tlie closest and most hard fought of the
series.
Shortly, after the final race Sir
Thomas Is quoted as saying: "I am
very sorry, but the best boat won. We
all did our best skipper, designer ami
crew we hava Immmi beaten fair and'
squnre. I have been treated with the
greatest squareness and sportsmanship
by the Americans, nnd I am taking
home the very best memories. I shall
wait until next year to give someone
else n chance to challenge, and then I
shall re-challenge with Shamrock V.
I have no excuse of offer; Hcsolute's
the better bout."
Seeks Attitude of U. S.
Washington, D. C Informal In
quiries have been addressed to the
United States by diplomatic repre
sentatives of the allies to ascertain
this government's willingness to enter
Into the proposed peace conference
with soviet Russia.
France Is known to be particularly
desirous of the participation of the
United States In a conference with the
bolshevikl on account of the assumed
strength of the opposition of recogni
tion of the soviet government In tbla
country.