THE NORTIT PLATTE SEMI WEEKLY TRIBUNE.
CANNING FRUITS
WITHOUTSUGAR
Half of Battle Is to Have All
Equipment Prepared and in
Readiness for Use.
VARIETY ADDED FOR WINTER
vMany People Prefer to Can Juices
Unsweetened, as Individual Flav
ors Are Best Preserved Many
Utensils Needed.
Fruits can be successfully canned
-without sugar, und vegetables require
none. So the wise housekeeper la
.planning to can us much or more than
-usual this year. Plenty of canned
-vegetables-reduce grocery mid doctor's
'bills and add pleasing variety to the
diet in winter. Fruit canned without
tsweetonlng can be sweetened when It
is used. Fruit Juices, too, can be
vanned without sugar. Indeed, many
3irefer to can them unsweetened, main
taining that the Individual flavors are
thereby best preserved. Part of tha
vanned Juices can lie made into Jelly
mext winter. Making jelly when the
weather is cool rather than when the
mercury lingers lu the AO's appeals to
many housewives as a sane and scnsl
Tile procedure.
Getting Ready.
If one waits until the fruit Is half
tripe before making any preparation
Xo take care if it, there If loss of time,
stnd the season of that particular prod
net is likely to pass before all the
equipment for eannliv; is In readiness.
One of the llrst steps Is to order
ji canner, if you are 'planning to use
one this summer. A wash boiler or
'lard can with a false bottom will hold
.hu cans and process them eiliclently.
The work, however, can be done more
easily with one of the commercial
types of canners. As the stock is
, usually low when the canning season
Is under way, It is well to select the
kind you Want In advance when there
is a choice. The steam-pressure type
3s usually preferred for general can
ning, hut the water seal and water
"hath are both popular with those who
want a canner which costs less monev.
If jars are needed, a supply should
lie laid in early. The tops of , both
-the old ami new jars should be gone
aver carefully and all the rough edges
With a Knife or Some Similar Instru
ment Smooth Away Any Sharp Edges
on Jar Top.
smoothed down with a knife. There
is no danger then Unit they will cut
the rubber. This Is something that
can be gotten out of the way before
the season opens.
Test Rubbers Carefully.
One of the make of rubbers which
Is to be used should be tested. A
good rubber one that will stand up
under the heat which long cooking
In the can entails must possess elas
ticity enough to allow Its being fold
ed and pinched without breaking, say
specialists of the United States de
partment of agriculture. Another
test is its ability to hold l.'I pounds'
weight without breaking when this
weight Is suspended by a book from
the rubber ring.
Whatever type of apparatus Is used
for processing or sterilizing, a number
of utensils nro needed for properly
handling the products. These Include
live or six good porcelain sauce pans
or those of some material that Is
acid proof, with covers for use In
Jmndllug and blanching ncid fruits,
two tablespoons, one set of measur
ing spoons, one wire bnsket or several
yards of cheesecloth for use In
blanching, six wiping cloths, two hand
towels, one duplex fork for lifting
hot Jars, and several sharp paring
knives. Look over your supply and
see if you have them In stock.
HONEY USED IN SANDWICHES
It Is Satisfactory When Mixed With
Cream Cheese Chopped Nuts
May Be Added,
For a change, try honey and cream
elteese sandwiches. Mix honey with
rrenm cheese and use as tilling for
"fcrend or baking powder biscuit sand
wiches. Chopped nut may be added
to the liuiiey and cheese If desired.
f. ' j ft
. ..... s :
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"SALT-RISING" BREAD
LIKE GRANDMOTHER'S
Favorite Where Difficult to Get
Satisfactory Yeast.
.Recipe Recommended by Home Eco
nomlcs .Kitchen of Department of
Agriculture Flreless Cooker
Maintains Temperature,
Self-rising bread, which Is com
monly called by the misleading namo
of "salt-rising bread," has been known
In one form or another for generations.
It lias been a particular favorite wher
and where It was dllllcult to get satis
factory yeast. The following recipe is
recommended by the home economics
kitchen of the United States depart'
ment of agriculture:
1 cup swept milk 1 tnblcnpoon supar
2 tablespoons white 1 tablespoon butter
corn men! (If used)
1 teaspoon salt Flour
Scald the milk. Allow It to cool un
til It Is lttkewurm, then add the salt,
sugar and corn meal. Place in a fruit
enn or a lieavy crock or pitcher and
surround by water at about 1150 to 140
degrees F. Water at tills temperature
Is the hottest in which the bund can
be held without Inconvenience, and
can lie secured by mixing nearly equal
parts of boiling water and tap water
(unless the tap water Is unusually
wnnn). If placed In a flreless cooker
a fairly even temperature can be main
tained for several hours.
Allow the mixture to stnnd for six
or seven hours, or overnight, until It
shows signs of fermentation. If It has
fermented sufllciently the gas can be
heard as It escapes. This leaven con
tains enough liquid for one loaf. If
more loaves nro needed add one cup
of water, one teaspoon of salt, one
tablespoon of sugar and one tablespoon
of butter for each additional loaf.
Make a soft sponge by adding a cup
of Hour for each loaf to be made. Rent
thoroughly and put the sponge In a
convenient receptacle and surround by
water again at the temperature of
about 1150 to 110 degrees F.
When the sponge Is tilled with tiny
gas bubbles- and lias more than
doubled In volume add more Hour grad
ually until the dough is so stiff that it
can lie kneaded without sticking to
the hands or to the board. Knead ten
or fifteen minutes, put at once into the
pans, allow to rise until about two and
one-half times its original bulk, and
bake. Sclf-rlsjiig bread H never so
light as the bread raised with yeast.
A loaf made with ,one cup of liquid
therefore will come not quite up to the
top of a pan of standard size.
MIXED VEGETABLE CHOWDERS
Nourishing and Substantial Dish Is
Well Liked by Majority of
Farm People.
A mixed vegetable chowder Is a sub
stantial dish and one well liked by
the majority or people for luncheon or
supper. The following recipe Is one
recommended by the home economic
specialists of the United States de
partment of agriculture:
2 tublospoonfuls fat, 4 potatoes,
or u piece, of salt 3 carrots,
pork. 3 onions.
3 level tablespoon- 1 pint canned to
tals Hour. matoes.
3 teaspoenfiils salt. 2 cupfuls skim milk.
Cut potatoes and carrots in small
pieces, add enough water to cover, and
cook for 20 minutes. Do not drain off
the water. Rrown the chopped onion
in the fat for live minutes. Add this
and the tomatoes to the vegetables.
Ileat to polling, add two cupfuls of
skim milk, and thicken with flour.
Celery tops or green peppers give a
good flavor, too.
HEAT CORNMEAL AND WATER
Best Results Secured by Placing Them
In Double Boiler and Not Stir
the Mixture.
In experiments made in the home
economic department of the United
States department of agriculture It has
been found that It Is best for almost
every purpose to put cornmcal and
cold water together and then heat
them over boiling water In a double
holler. Except when very finely
ground meals sire used It Is unneces
sary to stir the mixture at any time,
not even when the meal and water are
put together. The conclusion has been
reached that In all cases the best re
sults are obtained by heating the meal
and liquid together without stirring.
FmESTT0
Vinegar will remove stains from
zltic.
i
Oelntln desserts are Ideal for hot
weather.
Old felt lints can be cut up for In
soles of shoes.
Kaisln suttee Is excellent served with
a very plain pudding.
Grnpenuts may be used In pluce of
nuts lu salads and cookies.
A piece of zinc plnced on glowing
coals will clean the chimney if soot.
When you are Ironing a garment
Iron every portion of. It until U la
dry.
IMPORTANCE OF MAINTAINING BEEF
PRODUCTION CHEAPLY AS POSSIBLE
Making Beef From Lespedeza
"Is the price of beef high?"
This question Is heard on all sides
today. The producer says, "No, con
sidering the price I get for iny cattle."
The consumer says, "Yes." So there
you have It. Hut whatever the right
answer, the fact remains that prices
may go higher If there Is not enough
beef to supply the detnnnd for juicy
steaks nnd rib ronsts with brown
gravy.
On the other band, prices may de
cline If an over-supply Is produced.
What Is the present situation? We
have today less beef In sight than for
several yours, according to reports to
the United States department Of ng
grlcitlture. which Is kept closely ad
vised us to conditions on the ranges
and In the markets. The present price
of feeding stuff, scarcity of farm la
bor, reduced numbers of breeding ani
mals, and a small margin of profits
to the producer the past year are all
factors which tend to limit produc
tion, and impress upon us the Im
portance of maintaining production and
producing beef as cheaply as possible.
Utilize Pastures to Utmost.
For an answer to this question, we
must look to Mother Earth. This Is
springtime, the crops are planted, the
grass Is growing, and the cattle are
on the green. This menus. In its Inst
analysis, utilize pasture to the limit,
conserve roughages to the utmost, and
produce forages and feeding stuffs
which will make the most beef at least
cost'.
The bureau of animal Industry of
the department of agriculture has for
several years been studying the prob
lem of utilizing these feeds to best
advantage. In 1014 the department,
In co-operation with the Wist Vir
ginia agricultural station, began a
series of beef cattle experiments lu
C.reonbriitr county, West Virginia, to
solve beef production problems In the
A Hereford Bull of High Quality.
Appalachian mountain region. This
station Is located In tbe southwestern
part of the state, In the blue grass
nrea, and the problems undertaken
nre : First Most economical nnd satis
factory rations for wintering beef
steers; second The Influence of these
rations upon the gains of steers the
following summer from grass.
The results of the experiments ap
ply not to West Virginia, alone, hut to
nil states having similar conditions,
which, In fact, Includes the whole
Appalachian region, extending from
southern Tennessee to New York. It
Is within this general area that nbund
unt' pastures, cut-over and wnste hind
Is found, producing abundant pasture
of high quality for beef production.
Abundant Pastures Available.
The South, with its delightful cli
mate and long grazing period of approx
imately ten months of the year, where
carpet grass. Rernuida and other kinds
almost equally as nutritious abound
over the plains, the cut-over regions
nnd waste lands of this area; the
Great Lakes region, properly termed
"clover land," where millions of acres
today are not completely utilized by
live stock, all provide abundant pas
ture that Is well adapted for beef
production.
The West, with its vast plains, wide
prairies am! Hie resources of forests
and streams, may lie used by the beef
producer to even better advantage, al
though overstocking Is u factor not
to be overlooked.
Will this vast area of unused pas
turo be used for immediate produc
tion? No; It's a more dllllcult prob
lem than that. To use some of It In
volves mi expense not Justified by pre
?nt prices of cattle,
The danger of overstocking, with
8MB
;
mm.
fi. s
In Central Mississippi.
Its attendant loss In profit, is frequent
ly emphasized, but tbe decreased re
turns due to overstocking should be
considered us well. When the num
ber of cattle on a given urea fall to
keep the grass short, that which Is
allowed to grow becomes less palat
able and less nutritive. .Moreover, ob
jectionable weeds are certain to gain
ti foothold.
Utilization Increases Land Value.
Hy utilizing to the fullest extent
the land devoted to pasture the value
of the land Is increased and greater
prollt results. A system of careful
management makes It possible to use
higher-priced land, than lias heretofore
been used for such, for profitable beef
production. The Intelligent use of
pastures gives n return which com
pares favorably with that from the.
cropping system, but' requires less la
bor. It Is not possible to state Just how
many cattle should be allowed to the
acre for grazing purposes, because this
Is determined largely by the quality
and stand of grass which is, of course,
variable.
In conclusion, It may lie said that
the beef producer In most sections who
will obtain the largest net returns Is
the man who will stock bis pastures
so that the grass Is kept fairly short,
but in good condition.
PREPARE LDGGED-OFF
LAND FOR PASTURE
Time of Seeding Depends Upon
- ' When Ground Is Burned.
Sufficient Moisture Is Secured From
Rains to Cause Good Germination
If Seeded In Unsettled Ashes in
Late Summer.
.In preparing logged-off land for pas
ture, the time of seeding depends up
on when the land Is burned over, ac
cording to specialists of the ofllco of
farm management' of the United States
department of agriculture. If the burn
occurs during .Inly, August, or early in
September, the seed should he sown
lu the early fall before tbe ashes have
been settled by the rains.
If seeded In the unsettled ashes,
the first rains that come will cover
the seed sufllciently to secure good
germination. If the burn occurs so
late in the fall that the seed cannot
be sown until during October. It Is
best to sow the grasses then and wait
until lu Fehruray or March to sow the
clover.
The heaving of the soil during the
late fall and winter, n condition
caused by alternate thawing and freez
ing, often destroys young clover unless
It Is sown early enough In the fall to
get a good start. If the fall-sown
clover Is destroyed in this way It may
bo reseeded during February or March.
When sown In tbe early spring the
heaving of the soil helps to cover the
seed.
PROPER TIME TO CUT WHEAT
May Be Done With Safety When Straw
Has Lost Its Color and Grains
Are Not Hardened.
Wheat may be cut with safety when
the straw has lost nearly all its green
color and tlio grains are not entirely
hardened, If cut sooner than this,
shriveled kernels will result. If left
standing until fully ripe, a bleached
appearance, due to tlio action of the
elements, often results, and loss from
.'haltering may ensue. Wheat that Is
fully ripe Is also more dlfllcult to
handle. Where the urea of wheot Is
large, cutting should begin as early
as It can lie done safely. Farmers'
Itulletln No. SS.r, United States depart
ment of agriculture.
Colts should not be allowed to fel
low the mares lu tbe Held.
Feeders, drovers, ami packinghouse
men generally consider horns on feed
ing cattle more or Ifss of u liability.
Molasses Is particularly valuable Ip
fitting animals for the show ring. It
gives them an even covering of fat
and n shlnj cout.
I LIVE . SOOfl
DADDY! EVENING
FAMffit
DOWER.
LAM ME FIG EY ER.
"There is a bird." said Daddy,
"called the Lnmmergeyer."
"What?" said Nick apd Nancy lu
the same breath ami at exactly the
same time.
"It's an awful name," said Daddy,
"and 1 think we will not use his real
name all the time but we will cull him
Hearded Vulture which is another name
Vor him.
"lie Is gray and white and very big
and clumsy looking, lie has a little
beard and so he got his- second name,
lie comes from central Europe and
from Asia ami Is one of the wildest
and most furious of all the birds of
prey of Europe.
"lie feeds often on young lambs
which he knocks off the edges of preci
pices. He has even been known to at
tack human beings In the same way
no you see lie Is a very horrible mid
cruel creature hut he Is never found
In this country except In thu zoos.
"lleslde him In the zoo was a Nurth
American Turkey Vulture who hnd
come from southern Canada and bis
relatives come also from the northern
parts of Mexico. Ho was standing
with outspread wings. Ho was gray
In color and was talking wlh the
Itearded Vulture. The North Ameri
can Turkey Vulture Is protected and
liked hecnusv he does much good work
for human beings, clearing up and tak
ing away all thrown oft rubbish. He
Is quite a tidy fellow.
"On the other side of the Itearded
Vulture was a Hooded Vulture, his
brown head held quite high In the air.
lie had come to the zoo from southern
"You Should Be Ashamed."
Europe and ho also had relatives
who had lived In China and In the
northeastern part of Africa.
"He had always lived In a great big
nest which had been In n tree and
he had eaten almost anything nt all
and hadn't been lu the least dainty In
his habits. These three vulture were
all talking together.
" 'I'm not ho nice as the North
American Turkey Vulture," said the
Hooded Vulture, 'but I wouldn't be as
mean as you are for anything.'
"'You dont have to be.' said the
Hearded Vulture. 'You're only a
Hooded Vulture and I'm a Hearded
Vulture. My very namo Is finer. It
makes me sound bigger and stronger
and more manly. It Is a wonderful
nanie. And there Is truth about It too.
I have a beard, a lovely little beard.'
"'Now look hcu-e,' said the North
American Turkey Vulture, 'you needn't
talk nbout your beard making yon
manly ami all such nonsense.
"'Ileards may be manly but there
Is nothing manly about you and after
all It Isn't whether a creature him
a beard or hasn't a beard that makes
It manly. It Is what the creature
does Itself.
"'It's not manly to tnke advantage
of creatures, to bo cruel and to get
your prey at your mercy and then take
advantage of It. Vou'vo been known
to lie cruel "not only to sheep but to
men.'
" 'Ah ha, so I have,' said tbe Heard
ed Vulture.
" 'And you shouldn't be proud of It,
said the Nortli American Turkey Vul
ture. You should bo tislinmcd of It.
No one admires you for It, no one ut
nil.'
"Tin too cruel,' said tho Hearded
Vulture, 'to care about being admired.
Gracious, I'm not kind and human
enougli to enjoy such human things.'
"Then,' said the Hooded Vulture,
'It Is a good thing you are In the zoo.
where you can't be cruel.'
" 'I can look In an ugly mean way
nt people and give them the shivers,'
said the Hearded Vulture.
'"Hut you can't do anything,' said
tbi! Hooded Vulture.
" 'That's too bad I know,' snld tho
Hoarded Vulture, 'but as 1 sit hero I
think of tbe cruel deeds I've done and
which my family have done for years
and years and 1 take a fiendish, hor
rible delight in such things.'
"'Yes,' said the Hooded Vulture,
'anyone could tell It was taking a
fiendish and horrible delight, for your
face never looks happy.
" 'Creatures can't lie happy and
cruel. I agree with you about that,'
said the Hearded Vulture, 'and ho I
am cruel and not happy. I don't even
understand the word, I don't.' "
Flannel Like a Tramp.
Why is a tramp like flannel? Be
cnusc he shrinks from washing.
Best Hotel Servants.
Whn t kind of servants are best for
hotels? The Inn-experienced.
HO, HUM1
"It fays here that the world Is not
revolving us fast as It did 10,000
years ago," said the Old Fogy, as ho
looked up from the magazine ho was
rending.
"Maybe not," commented tho
Orouch. "Hut it goes around fast
enough to satisfy a .man who has n
note to meet nnd no money to pay
It."
"Vamped."
"If you will permit me to say so,
you have Just had a beautiful caller."
"es, a book agent," replied the
business mini, with a faraway look In
his eyes.
"What was she selling?"
"I couldn't tell you to save my life.
All I know Is that she smiled and I
bought." ,
A Lennthy Program.
"You have a pretty good library."
"Yes," replied tbe patient man. "I
have worked twenty years or so accu
mulating a lot of books and a place
to put 'em. Now J'tn going to start
in nnd work another twenty years to
provide for enough leisure to enablo
me to read 'em." '
Far-Seelno. .
"They have some gazers into tho
future In the telephone exchange."
"What do you mean?"
"I struck one the other day. She
told me the Hue was busy before I
had a chance to ask for It."
EASILY HIS FAULT.
"What In tho world mado you
Jilt HckkIo?"
"Oh, no Rot on my norves, alwuys
tisklnir permission to IcIbh mo."
What Makes the World Go Round.
Thu world moves on, though you mny
frown,
Or fimllo tn fortuno'a cup;
For ono linlf's busy turning down
Tho crunliH that will turn up.
Cartoons MftKnplnu.
A Business View.
She So papa said yes. Does' he
favor a long or n short engagement?
Jack I'oore That depends, ho says,
If be has' to support me, the longer thu
engagement the better.
Not Interested.
"The golfer must keep the eyo
strictly on tho ball."
"That must bo why pretty glrlB
don't go in much for irolf."
The Proverbs Applied,
"I nui tired of giving wedding pres
ents," said Johnson.
" ell, returned his cynical compan
ion, "It Is better to give than to 're
ceive." His Attitude.
"You wouldn't sell your vote to both
sides, would you?"
"No, but I don't mind letting, both
candidates promise mo a J&V
Quite True.
"Pa, what is a peacemaker?"
"lie Is a man, my child, whose
chief success Is in precipitating u
fight."
Naturally.
"What book In your library Is a pro
nounced favorite with the family?"
"Now that you eon- to speak of It, I
guess it is the dictionary."
Illustrations.
"Trouble never comes single."
"You bet It don't. Lust your wo
hnd double pneumonia In the family,
and this year we had twins."
Made Him Doubt His Judgment.
Friend What makes you think the
new singer won't do? You said hor
voice was good.
ManagerWell, I did think so nt
first, but I'm n little doubtful about It.
now none of tho other singers nra
Jealous of her.
Sentence Passed.
"WRnti t.ia mutter, old man? Vou
look oh If you'd been sentenced to hurt!
lubor for life."
"I'm afraid I havo been. Miss d
Mlllyuns has Just refused me."
