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WAR DEVELOPS
RADIO
Method Discovered of Communi
cating With Submerged
Submarines.
YOUTHS ARE LUCKY FINDERS
Revelations Come When Researchers
Are at Work on Something Else
Single Turn Loop Drlngs
Amazing Results.
Washington, D. C. In n general way
it Is known thnt during tho war a
method wan found to communicate
with a submerged Huhmarlno from
shore or sea. How thin Ih done and
how It came to he discovered that It
could ho done not until now has heen
Hindu public. Like a good mnny other
revolutions It camo when the research
ers were at work on nnothor problem.
The scientists of the radio section
of the bureau of standards stumbled
on Its secret and the lucky ones' to sus
pect It were two young assistants not
long out of high school. Their experi
ments and the development of what Is
known ns the "loop aerial" for subma
rine radio communication by the bu
reau resulted In u device so simple
nnd perfect, and producing such won
derful results, that the navy hns
ndoptcd It and Is equipping all Its un
dersea craft with this style of loop.
In the fall of 1017 a series of experi
ments was undertaken by the bureau
to develop an apparatus for the detec
tion of enemy submerslbles. .1. A. Wll
loughby and P. D. Lowell were en
gaged In the work. They hnd a notion
that a closed or rubber enensed coll
of wire offered the best dinners for
success. They inndo one and threw
It one night Into a tank of fresh water
on tlio grounds of the bureau near
Chevy Chase, Md., u suburb of Wash
ington. To their delight they received
n signal from the big radio station at
Arlington. The next night they sub
merged the coll In the tidal basin of
the Potomac near the new navy build
ing. Again the signal came with no
difference In strength whether the loop
or coll was suspended In nlr or sunk In
tjio river.
Discovery Significant.
The slgnlllcanco of this discovery
struck both young men. Here was a
way possibly to detect the presence of
enemy submarines, but surely to talk
with our own, which was equally Im
portant, had been thought Impossible.
This was In November.
In December Improvements In the
submerged coif brought the reception
of signals from Lyons, France; ParlH
nnd San Diego, Cal. By March last
year excellent slgnnls were received
on a single turn coll 1B0 feet long by
sixty feet high having n wave length
of 100 meters by 15,000 meters.
In April Mr. Wllloughby discussed
with Lieutenant Commander II. P. St.
Clair of the radio division of the navy,
ENGLISH SAILORS AT
Prince Allit-ri of England on board
sailors at gymnastic evolutions.
L. ... . ..,:lf&0fflBiNMntt
ip k hhb -?rs mem
CUBAN VOODOOS SLAY
Keep Parents on Island in Con
stant Fear.
Authorities Act to Prevent Further Hu
man Sacrifices by the
Worshipers.
Havana, Cuba, With the recent sud
'den outbreak of cannibalistic practices
by voodoo worshipers, which have re
sulted In the deaths of at least three
Innocent children and a half dozen of
tho voodoos, tho latter by the applica
tion of "lynch" law for the first time
in thts country's history, fathers and
mothers arc living In constant fear
that their little ones may be spirited
nway by tho superstitious negroes to
lie offered up In sacrlllce to "Chnr.no."
the god of the "Hrujos," as they are
culled In tho Castlllnn language.
lhc voodoos are dlWdcd Into vni
c i h sects each with lis separate god.
TRIUMPH
the use of loops on submarines for
both transmission and reception under
water. Hoth bo and Mr. Lowell were
sent to New London to work under
Commnnder McDowell In charge of the
Imse, to Instnll the apparatus for a try
out on submarine D-l. It Is a simple
contrivance, the metal frame of the
submarine Itself being a part of It,
this being used as a "ground" Just as
the earth Is used In hand telegraphy.
The circuit Is thus made complete. As
Anally perfected the loop consists of
two Insulated wires grounded at the
extreme ends of the hull carried over
suitable supports to the conning tower
and thence through "rndlo-lond-lns"
down, Into the boat to the receiving
and sending apparatus. A single turn
loop was used on the D-I. With Its
top submerged three feet signals were
received from a submarine chaser
three-quarters of a mile nway.
Boat Used as "Ground."
A new typo of loop was tried on the
U. S. S. G-Jl, In which the lead-In wires
were brought In from the upper side
of the loop Instead of the lower and
the entire loop was Insulated from the
RAISULI BANDIT
OF RARE CHAR
Washington, D. 0. That relentless
bnndjt, llalsull, the Villa of Morocco,
whose present raids have caused a po
litical crisis In Spain, has another side.
"He could not bear to hear a child
cry, while on several occasions I no
ticed his care even to avoid allowing
the hoes collected on bis cup to drown,"
Is tho surprising statement, not of a
friend, but of the wealthy American
who was held for ransom by Halsull In
1001, until President Roosevelt sent a
Meet of war ships and his famous ulti
matum, "Perdlcnrls alive or Halsull
dead" to Morocco.
Ion Perdlcnrls' own story of his ad
ventures as the prisoner of the "Moroc
can Hobln Hood" Is told In a communi
cation sent by blm to the National
Geographic society soon after his re
lease. "In many respects the mnn Inter
ested and attracted me, In spite of nil
my natural motives for dislike," said
Mr. Perdlcnrls. "Halsull was at once
so gracious and dignified, not to us
only, but to his own wild adherents,
who evidently Idolized their chieftain,
whoso position among them 'seemed
thnt of tho head of a Highland clan In
the olden times.
Has a Superior Character.
"He was quick to see the humorous
aspect of a situation, while his repartee
was as Immediate and to the point ns
though be had been born In County
Gnlway Itself. In fact, I discovered to
my consternation that I was beginning
to like the man, In spite of my natural
resentment. I found myself uncon
sciously accepting his contention that
"GYM" EXERCISES
the training ship Exmoutn watching
The latter Include "Habagueye," god
of sickness; "Elccuu," goil of Injury;
"Olorruun" god of misery, and
"Chango," the terrible god, to whom
human sacrifices nre made.
"Chango," according to the voodoo
belief, was the son of Olorruun and
Anaragun. no was slain by Elecua,
the "god of Injury," nnd ascended Into
heaven from a celba, or god tree, In
tlx month of May. It Is In the month
of May, therefore, that the "Hrujos"
observe their holy week, when Chango
Is expected to make a weekly visit
to tho earth, descending by the co'llm,
his sacred tree, always on Mondiy .
The followers of Elecua do n.w di
rectly offer liumiin sacrifices, although
their healers sacrlllce the lives of some
patients by giving thorn poisonous con
coctions, supposedly a mysterious cure
foi some ailment, In order to restore
to health some other patient Elecua,
hi lug the "god of Injury," his follow
ers believe that good can come to one
bull. Hotter, but nt satisfactory, re
sults were obtained. Up to thin time
the f ramp of the boat had tiot been
used as a "ground."
The lower side of the loop was re
moved and the ends of the wire fas
tened to the bow and stern. The top
of the loop was submerged eight feet;
signals from Nation, Germany, were
clearly beard. Very sharp Indications
of direction were obtained when under
wnter or on top of It. And soon othei
stations were heard, Including Camnr
von, England; Home, Italy, and vari
ous merchant vessels. Later experi
ments showed Hint communication
enn be carried on at sea under nil con
ditions more efficiently with the closed
loop aerial than with the ordlnnr.v
antenna now In general use.
When a submarine equipped with
the perfected apparatus Is submerged
any North American or European sta
tlon can be received as distinctly a5
when It Is on the surface. The mnxl
mum depth of submergence nt whirl'
signals can be heard Is determined by
the wave length.
Slgnnls can be transmitted from the
loop to a distance of ten or twelve
miles when the submarine Is coin
pletely submerged, the maximum dis
tance being obtained when the top of
the loop Is practically at the surface
The distance decreases to two or three
miles when the loop Is eight or nine
feet below the surface.
I
he was not a mere brigand or cattle
lifter, but a patriot struggling to res
cue his Berber followers from the tyr
anny of the corrupt shereellnii officials.
His charm of voice, the natural poise
and dignity of his mnuuer, his self
control under provocation, all be
trayed a superior character. He Is. In
fact, a born leader, and with a certain
statesmanlike quality. He deplored tho
condition of his country, the feuds
which separate the tribes, the mnny
deeds of violence and the blood so use
lessly shoU.
"While standing near Halsull one
day on the village green, of which we
were now allowed the freedom, one of
his followers came up from Tangier,
almost breathless from his baste, to
report the arrival of the two American
squadrons. The man described how
the eight frigates had entered the bay,
one after another.
"I watched Halsull with unxlety, lest
apprehending the landing of marines,
with a view to our relief nnd his own
capture, he might endeavor to drag us
to some more distant and Inaccessible
retreat. What was then my surprise
when, looking up with a bright smile,
he snld : 'Well, I think I can now con
gratulate you 1'
" 'I do not understand you,' I re
plied. "'I mean.' answered Halsull, 'that
the presence of these vessels will lead
the authorities at Tangier to make
such representations to the sultan as
mny result In his acceding to my de
mands, nnd then you will be able to re
turn to your friends.'
Part as Friends.
"Tho next morning It was still dark
when our irien began loading the pack
mules, nnd we reached the crest of the
i mountain, which lay between us nnd
Mangier, just ns the sun rose.
"At last the mules, hearing the silver
dollars, carefully packed In boxes, ar
rived; but now luncheon was again
served In honor of Mulal Ahmed, nnd
must bo partaken of. after which tin.
; bullion wns counted in another room.
'"The silver,' snld Halsull. address
ing me, 'has been counted $20,000, as
stipulated, In Swinish dollars lmi
I tlicso letters,' showing me ns ho spoke
a cnecK hook containing certified
checks on the Comp'tolr d'Eseompto.
the French bank at Tangier, 'of the
vnluo of these, which are supposed to
represent ?.r)0,000, I know nothing.
However, I will nccept them on your
personal guarantee.'
"When I had examined the checks'
certified by Torres and El Gaanain.
the sultan's delegate minister of fi
nance. I gave the reuulrod
verbally, and Halsull, leading me to
me uoor, wnere i round my horse wait
ing for me. bade me ndleu. snvim. imt
he had learned to look upon aie as n
friend and that he honed I ellt.l-lalioit
no 111 feeling on account of my deten
tion."
person only through Injury to an
other.
Voodoolsm Is not practiced hy the
negroes nione. Many white persons
also nre saui to secretly take pnrt In
their religious meetings, and accusa
tions have been hoard I
ters of-the difficulties encountered by
officers seeking to break nn ti.i
pies because of the obstacles phu-ed In
meir way ny persons of Influence.
An nctlve camnnlcn hv the until. .,.1
--. '...t,,,.,-
tles In Havana and other ports of
mo lsiami nave resulted In the cap
turo of numerous "Hrujos" and the
seizure of many curious and weird ob
Jects used by them.
Reward for Globe Flloht.
Iloquani, Wash. Deeds to 1,000
acres or uray s nartior land, lying
within what It has be
years will prove an oil bolt, are to bo
placed In a local bank ns a reward for
the aviator who firsts encircles the
globe. George J. Hlbbard, a Seattlo at
torney, makes the olter, ami has sot
the time limit for winning the land at
Aug. 1, lO'JO.
Praying for All Men
By REV. HOWARD W. POPE
Moody Bible Inttltute,
Chicago
TI3XT I exhort thoreforo, that prayers,
Intercessions, and giving of thanks br
made for all men. I Tim. 2:1.
The Importance of prayer as n
preparation Is seen when wo consldei
tho nature of the
work. The tnsli
before us Is to
convince men thnf
they nre lost
nnd to pcrsuado
them to confess
their sin and sur
render their lives
to the Lord JeTii!
Christ. It Is eusj
to show a thiol
or a drunkiut'
that he is n sin
ner, and needs
salvation ; but 1
Is not easy t
persuade a re
spectablc, moral
man that he Is n sinner simply be
cause he has not accepted Christ as
his Savior. Sin Is so subtle, and the
human henrt so stubborn, that onlj
the Holy Spirit can make one see
that unbelief Is the crowning sin of
nil.
Tho common Idea Is thnt work It
the main business of the Christian,
nnd n little prayer Is necessnry to
help the work along. Christ's Idea Is
entirely different. In his thought
prayer Is our chief business, with Jusl
enough work to make a channel
through which the spiritual forces
generated by prayer may llnd an out
let. Prayer Is the bow that supplies the
force and work Is the feather that
guides the arrow to Its destination
"If ye shall ask I will do," he says.
In other words, Christ Is still doing
the work that he "begun to do" (Acts
1:1), and he Invites us to help him
by prayer, whereas too many Chris
tians think thut they nre carrying on
the work, but need a little help from
him. What your Idea Is may best be
determined by estimating the amount
of time you spend In working for the
Lord und the amount spent In prayer
Yes, wo are Ignorant, but thank
God wo can all learn. Jesus has
opened n school of prayer In which,
if we will, we may learn the divine
art. And whnt a teacher I How pa
tient, how long-suffering with dull
scholars! And how' much he knows
ubout the subject! For eighteen hun
dred years this has been his constant
occupation, and now he Invites us to
become his pupils, and offers to teach
us nil he knows. "All things that 1
have heard from my Father I have
made known unto you." (John 15:15)
Tho personal worker should culti
vate the habit of praying dally for nil
men. This Is not only a positive com
mand (1 Tim. 2:1), but the habit has
many obvious advantages. For In
stance, you never meet a person foi
whom you have not prayed, and this
fact gives you a deeper Interest and
a stronger faith thnn would otherwise
bo possible. Sometimes It is well tc
tell the person you are dealing with
that you have prayed for him scores
of times. Possibly ho may ask, "Have
you ever seen me before?"
"Not to my knowledge."
"And yet you say that you lmvo
prayed for me many times?"
"Yes, sir,"
"I cannot understand that."
"Very likely. Thnt Is one of the
mysteries of the Kingdom, and there
nro many other strange things that
you cannot understand until you are
n Christian yourself."
It Is well also to have a prayer list,
and dally remember by namo those
whom God has especially laid on our
hearts. As a rule It Is easy to speak
to those for whom we have often
prayed. Gypsy Smith tells us that
when ho was converted he Immediate
ly became anxious for the conversion
of his uncle. Among Gypsies It was
not considered proper for children to
address their elders on the subject of
duty; and so the boy Just prayed, nnd
waited for God to open the wny. One
day his uncle noticed n hole In his
trousers, and said, "Rodney, how Is It
that you have worn tho knees of your
pants so much faster than the rest
of them?"
"Uncle. I have worn them out pray
ing for you, that God would make you
a Christian;" nnd then the tenrs
came, of course.
Nothing more wns said, but the
uncle put his arm around the boy nnd
drew him closo to his breast, und In
n llttlo while wns bending his knees
to the same Saviour. When we wear
our clothes thin In praying for oth
ers, we shnll not find It hard to speak
to them If the opportunity occurs.
Horrible Can Lose Its Horrors.
And If my compassions nre to bo
like a river that never knows drought
I must cultivate n freshness of sight.
The horrible can lose Its horrors. Tho
dally tragedy can become the dally
commonplace. Therefore must I usk
tho Lord for the dally gift of discern
lug eyes. "Lord, thnt I may recelvo
my sight," and receive It new overy
morning. Give mo tho power to sea
tho common us well ns the uncom
mon! May that which is famlllnr
tstnrtlo mo overy day. With an al
ways newly-awakened interest mnv I
j reveal "the compassions of tho Lord."
Outfitting the
The average small boy apparently
gives little thought as to wherewithal
he shall be clothed clothes being the
least of his troubles. Hut If any fond
mother has visions of decking him out
iu things that differ much from the
clothes worn by his average, everyday
school fellow, she might ns well ban
ish them' first as last. Men and boys
nre less Independent In the matter of
clothes than women and girls are.
This Is because they come In for a
lot of frank ridicule from their fellows
the minute they do anything unusual
In the wny of dressing.
Here nre two suits for school boys
the kind they like. They nre mnde of
good qunlltles of woolen goods with
two pairs of knickerbockers to encb
suit and boast certain small finishing
touches that will please their wearers,
although they are so conspicuous that
one's nttention must be called to them.
For Instance the patch pockets on the
coat for the larger boy have flaps that
button down. This Is un udvantage
that the rough-and-tumble youngster
Original Styles
Thoso who originate styles for the
flnpper nro destined to come In for
many thanks from that opinionated
young person when she views the new
winter coats designed for her. Since
specialists give their time nnd thought
to her needs styles 1lor her frocks and
coats and millinery nre no longer
nfterthoughts of those whose business
Is to design apparel for grown-ups.
Of course when the girl from twelve
to seventeen owns n frock or coat thnt
takes Its cue from styles worn by
grown-ups her happiness Is complete.
Here is a coat which has the long
Rhoulder nnd graceful drapery Hint
rules In the new full cunts for women.
It Is made of velours nnd Is less full
thnn the coats whose stylo It follows.
Hut the nrrangement of drapery about
the sleeves gives It an ample look am)
makes It roomy, and these things nre
the moilo for winter coats. At the
back this coat suggests a skirt set
onto a bodice nnd this effect Is empha
sized by n row of covered buttons
down the renter of the body. It Is odd
and prettx and girlish
Boys for School
will glont over since he will not lose
his treasures, no matter whnt position
the fortunes of war may place his.
anatomy In. Also a buckle, like that
on the cloth belt, for some reason, has
charms for the small boy, that are
lasting. This suit Is made of dark,
woolen goods, soft finish and with an
indistinct pin stripe. With n stiff turn
down collar and gay-plald tie, the boy
looks very trim and well set up In It.
For the smaller boy a plain wool
goods Is used to make straight, short
pants and a moderately long coat
Thls Is cut with pleats nt each side,,
nnd the body Is set onto u yoke. A.
belt of the material slips through
slides of It, set on and fastened with,
two buttons at the front to make as
surance doubly sure. He mny put one
fastening out of commission, but hard
ly two of them at the same time. Tho-turn-down
collnr Is finished off for
blm with n narrow tie ,wlth tasseledJ
ends. He mny consider this tie a little
extreme In style nnd manage to dis
pense with the tassels.
: t
in Flapper Coats
A small sailor collnr, with Hirer
plaits at each side, sots an exnmplt
which the sleeves follow by adopting
three plaits for their decoration. Cov
ered buttons, like those on the bnck
of the cont. finish up the sleeve trim
ming. The coat falls to the calf of
the leg and hangs straight at the
front. Altogether It Is as pretty a.f
any model so far brought out for the
coming winter nnd this Is saying n
great deal to Its credit. It Is n con
vincing example of the advantages'
that come from expert designing.
Girls from twelve to sixteen need the
sort of service that specialists can
give them and are giving them, with
more and more success, until we have
ceased to call these years "the awk
ward age."
Evenlnn Gowns.
; Luce appears on a good manv eve
1 nlng gowns.
