THE SEMLWEEKLY TRIBUNE, NORTH PLATTE, NEBRASKA.
UIWH rVFNINGl SUMMER SILAGE IS PROPER INSURANCE
ArULJL 1 U JU I JLJ1JJMM . n n nm'r i nonro rviinum nm 1117 A Til fT Hi
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6nARX (HJAnAn wmui
lm AUTHOR V
THE ELVES' RIDE.
1 Mayor GiUcn of Newark supervising the sale by tho municipality to tho public of provisions bought from
the government. 2 The U. B. 88, first German submarine to enter the Mississippi, in dry dock at New Orleans for
minor repnlrs. 3 First photograph of the "million dollar fire" at Columbry-les-Belles, France, when junked air
planes und other material were burned.
NEWS REVIEW OF
CURRENT EVENTS
President Addresses Congress on
Cost of Living and the Pos
sible Remedies.
PACKERS TO BE PROSECUTED
General Campaign Is Started Against
Profiteers Railway Unions De
mand More Pay, Urge the
Plumb Plan and Threaten
to Strike.
By EDWARD W. PICKARD.
The open season for profiteers has
come. If there Is a bright spot in tho
world's sky, that Is it. For tho rest
the clouds are black enough to suit
the most confirmed pessimist.
Government - olllclals, Investigating
bodies, Individual economists all have
been earnestly seeking for tho prime
causes of the high cost of living. Tho
cold-blooded, greedy profiteer who bat
tens on the misfortunes of the people
Is the most easily discerned of those
causes and Is going to be the first to
be dealt with. All the sympathy he
gets must come from himself.
President Wilson appeared before
congress1 Friday and delivered a schol
arly essay on the subject, which In
cluded various recommendations for
legislative action, and told whnt the
government already is doing In the
way of curbing tho operations of the
profiteers. He urged the permanent
extension of the food control act, n
law regulating cold storage, a law re
quiring that all goods entering Inter
state shipment be marked with the
producers' price, prompt enactment of
the pending capital Issues bill, and,
what seems to the writer most Impor
tant of nil, the passnge of a law re
quiring federal licensing of nil corpor
ations engaged In Interstate commerce.
The president did not overlook the
opportunity to push the Immediate
ratification of tho peace treaty and
league covenant. Ho devoted much of
his message to assertions, In varied
form, thnt until pence Is established
only provisional and mnkeshlft results
can be accomplished In the way of ro'
duclng living costs. There can be no
settled conditions anywhere In tho
world, he declnred, until the trenty is
out of the way. Such views did not meet
with the approval of most of the Re
publican congressmen, and their Indig
nation was aroused by the fact thnt
the president used the domestic issue
as a weapon In the contest over the
Lengue of Nations,
Most prominent of the alleged profit
eers are the Chicago packers, the "big
five" who are reputed to control much
of the world's food supplies. Some
time ago they were investigated by tho
federal trade commission and thnt body
mnde a report thnt was bitterly at
tacked by the defenders of tho pack
ers. Now with that report as a basis
President Wilson has directed the de
partment of justice to institute ntonce
civil nnd crlmlnnl proceedings against
the big five. The attorney general stat
ed that he was satisfied the evidence
developed Indicated n clear violation
of the anti-trust lnws, and thnt Isndor
J. Kresel of New York was In chnrgo
of the prosecution. The packers are
to be nccused of unfairly nnd Illegally
using their power to manipulate live
stock markets, to restrict Interstate
nnd International supplies of foods, to
control the prices q dressed meats
and other foods, to dofrnud both the
producers and the consumers of foods,
to crush competition, to secure special
i privileges from railroads, stock yards
I companies and municipalities, nnd to
profiteer. The department of justice
will proceed against them not only for
violation of the anti-trust lnws hut also
under the provisions of the food law of
1018 against the hoarding of food.
As for the bends of tho big packing
companies, somo of them profess to
welcome the legal action as giving them
n chance to demonstrate to the public
their Innocence, hnrmlessness nnd help
lessness, nnd nil of them repent their
oft heard protestations that they are
the victims of economic conditions be
yond anybody's control. Their asser
tions thnt they mnke nn almost Infln
ltcsmnl profit? nnd often operate at a
Ions do not seem to mnke much Im
pression on either the public or tho
ngencles of Justice. That their state
ments are not always Ingenuous Is In
stanced by the following assertion of
the "commercial research department"
of one of the big five:
"The general high price level is not
due to mnnipulntlon. This is shown
by a recent report of the war Indus
tries board, which proves that prices
In other countries of the world have
risen as much as or more than they
have in the United Stntes, and thnt
this has been true even in countries
relatively unaffected by war conditions,
such as Japan and Australia."
The truth Is that Australia Is glutted
with food products nnd Its people are
struggling to keep prices up to a prof
itable level. Also, while there was a
big advance In the prices of Japan's
chief food, rice, It was admittedly duo
to the manipulations of hoarders nnd
profiteers nnd was the cause of riots
and of government nctlon.
The sugar situation Is confusing
nnd statements nro as conflicting as
those relating to the packing Industry.
However the government believes the
sugnr men also are profiteering nnd
three ofllclnls of the Pittsburgh branch
of n Chlcngo concern were arrested.
It Is asserted that sculpers have vast
quantities of sugar stored away and
that dealers are forced to buy where
they can and pay what Is asked. In
this, as In the case of other food prod
ucts, the accused say the government
is partly to blame for shipping vast
supplies to Europe and thus creating
a domestic shortage. The concerted
attacks by federal and local authori
ties caused Immediate and sharp de
clines In the wholesale prices of many
foods, but there wns little evidence
that the consumer was profiting by the
declines, which seemed to put some of
the onus on tho retailers.
The federal trade commission late
ly has been making nn inquiry Into tho
shoe business, and lias Informed con
gress that the high prices of shoes are
due to the unprecedented and unjust
ified profits tnken by the slaughterers,
tnnners, manufacturers and denlers.
Here, again, the packers are hit. for
they are charged with causing an un
warranted lncrense In the price of
hides, tho supply of which they are
said to control.
Following up the memorandum of
the locomotive engineers presented to
the president, fourteen railroad mil
ons nctlng us a unit hnnded to Director
General Hlnes n demand for wage In
creases with a general program de
signed to meet the present crisis, In
volvlng the threat of a general railroad
strike. They ask that congress appro
prlate the money to provide Increased
pay and thnt the proper rate-making
body then determine what Increases
If any should be mnde In rates.
"Any permanent solution of the rail
road problem must necessarily remove
the element of returns to capital as the
sole purpose of operation," say the
unions, and so the director general Is
asked to recommend to President Wll
son thnt he try to obtain the passage
by congress of the so-cnlled Plumb
plan. This plan, In eliminating prl
vnto capital from tho railroads, not
only proposes but demnnds that tho
present prlvnte owners be reimbursed
with government bonds for "every hon
est dollar that they have Invested";
thnt the public, tho operating manage
ments, and lnhor share equally In cor
porations to tnke over the railroads,
and thnt In nil revenues In excess of
the guarantee to prlvnte capital the op
erators and employees share one-hnlf,
"either by Increasing the menns for
service without Increasing fixed charg
es or by reducing the cost of the ser
vice which the machinery then In ser
render." Tho union lenders say that If the
Plumb plnn Is rejected they will start
a campaign both In nnd out of con
gress thnt will compel Its ndoptlon,
nnd they declare frankly that It Is their
hope that It will lead to tho nationali
zation of all other basic Industries.
Senator Thomas of Colorado de
nounced the demands of tho rail work
ers as near-treason, nnd other mem
bers of congress shared his opinion,
though they were less outspoken.
Alrendy the railroads of tho country
are greatly hampered by the strike of
the shop workers. This wns not au
thorized by the nntlonal unions, and It
began to collnpso when the president
told the men their demands would not
be considered until they resumed work.
Both England and France nre han
dling their tremendous labor difficulties
fairly well. In the former the strike
of city policemen seems to be a fail
ure, though In Liverpool It was accom
panied by serious rioting. In Frnnce
the workers have tnslbly ngreed to
postpone all strikes for six months nnd
meantime they will join with tho em
ployers and the government In enrnest
efforts to solve the problems of wnges
and prices to stlmulnte greater pro
duction, which alone, It Is believed,
can save their coutnry from economic
dlsnster. It would be an unmeusur
able blessing if some of the common
sense that has moved the French ln
borers to keep up production could be
Instilled In the American workers so
they might realize that in cutting off
production they nre cutting their own
throats.
Chicago's race war, which at bottom
wns largely Industrial and partly po
litical, practically came to nn end, and
on Thursday more than 3,000 colored
employees of the packing houses re
turned to work. As they wnlked In, n
Inrge number of white employees laid
down their tools and quit, some of
them because most of the colored
workers nre nonunion nnd others be
cause they objected to luborlng under
police nnd military protection.
After Bela Kun and his communist
government of Huugnry quit and made
way for the Socialists things moved
rapidly in Budapest. The Roumanlnn
army, which had routed the Hungarian
Red troops, advanced to the city and
occupied It, and Roumanla Issued an
ultimatum to Hungary which was not
countenanced by the allied peace coun
ell. Therefore French nnd American
troops were sent to Budnpest and as
sumed control and the Roumanians
were told they must get out. Next the
soclnlist government was overthrown
and Its members nrrested nnd Arch
duke Joseph assumed power with the
title of governor of the stnte. He wns
supported by the entente mission In
the city and announced he would form
n coalition cabinet with Stephen
1'rledrlch as premier.
The Austrian peace delegates made
their counter-proposals to the treaty
terms submitted by the nllles. These
were unexpectedly mild nnd the com
plaints of tho Austrlans nre nlmost
pathetic. They assert that too much
territory Is tuken from their country
citing especially the Tyrol and south
ern Bohemia, and say tho war debt
loaded on them is so heavy they are
not sure the Austrian people can exist
under such conditions.
Japan, through Foreign Minister
Uchlda, promises to restore Shantung
to China on conclusion of arrange
ments with the Peking government to
curry out tho pledge given in the
agreement of 1015. President Wilson,
however, now reveals the fact that the
Japanese pence delegates gave sub
stantially the same promise In the In-tor-allled
conference of April 30 with
out any reference to the ngreement of
lOlfi. The president believes the Jap
anese statement' clears up the doubt
about the Shnntung affair. Secretary
of State Lansing told the senate for
eign relations committee that Chlnn
had never protested to tho president
against tho Shantung settlement by
the allied peace council; that the
ciauso was accepted by the decision of
tho president nnd thnt he, Mr. Lan
sing, did not believe It was needed to
obtain Japan's adherence to the
League of Nations,
Secretary of War Baker hns pre
sented to the house and senate com
mittees on mllltnry affairs tho admin
istration hill for u pcrmnneut mllltnry
policy. It calls for a regular army
with a peace strength of 510,000 and a
war strength of 1,250,000, the reserves
to be provided through a modified form
of the selective service act. Included
Is a system of military training of
three months for nil ellrlhle youths In
their nineteenth yenr. This feature
may gain for the bill the support of
the advocates of unlvcrsnl military
training,
"Fly-HIgh, tho bird of the Elves,"
Paul Daddy, "wanted to tnke tho Elves
foi a ride.
"I haven't tnken you In ever nnd
ever so long,' snld Fly-HIgh. 'My back
fairly aches to take you riding. My
brond wings long for somo little Elves
to sit upon them.'
'"We'd love to go,' snld tho Elves,
nil where will you lake us, Fly-
High?'
I thought It might -bo nice,' snld
Fly High, 'to have a complete chnnge.'
" 'Where will wo go?' nsked the
Elvos ngnln.
We'll ride nlong a country rond,
'nriy. early In the morning before tho
people come out to rldo nnd walk.'
'That sounds nice,' said the Elves.
"And we will talk to the towers
bj tho roadsides,' said Fly-Hlglt. 'We
will sea what tho children see when
they go walking and riding through
the country. Wo will enjoy whnt they
enjoy nnd then we will feel ns though
we were better friends than ever with
the children.
'"Don't you think that will make
a nlco change?' nsked Fly-High.
"Wo do, wo do, Indeed,' snld the
Elves.
"So they all Jumped upon the great
brond wings of Fly-HIgh, for It wns
then early, early In tho morning.
'"And we shouldn't delay a mo
ment,' Fly-HIgh had said.
"So off they started, and took a
lovely trip, nlong a country rond.
"Fly-High kept very close to tho
rond. He was hardly up any dlstanco
at all for they wunted to talk to the
"Hello, Daisies."
flowers nnd say good-morning to tho
Dew Fairies, and to smile to Mr. Sun
ns ho got up for the dny
" 'How-do-you, Painter's Brush,'
they said to the Painter's brush flow'
ers. They're red, you know.
" 'Good-morning, Buttercups. We're
so glad to seo you. Arc you going to
stay much longer? Wo do hope so.'
" 'Not much longer,' snld the But
tercups. 'Most of our fnmlly havo
.gone already. We've stayed a little
longer.'
" 'Oh, we're sorry you're going, But
tercups,' the Elves said
" 'We'll bo hack next yenr, the samo
aa usual,' said the Buttercups
"'That makes us happy,' said tho
Elves. 'We'd bo (jjilte heart-broken,
If our friends, the different flowers,
didn't come to visit tho earth each
year.'
" 'We'll come, Elves, never fear,'
said the Buttercups, as they smiled so
brightly.
"'Hello. Daisies.' said tho Elves.
'You're good friends, good friends.'
"The daisies smiled nnd bowed. 'So
glad you think so, Elves, and the chil
dren like us, tool'
" 'Of course they do, snld the Elves.
'Children are sensible 1'
"Tho dnlsles smiled nt the nice com
pllment.
'"Hollo. Milk-Weeds.' said the
Elves, 'Hello, hello.'
"Then ns they went along they enmo
to n tiny babbling brook. There were
growing by the bnnks of the brook lit
tie blue forget-me-nots.
"Ah. our dear, dear friends, the
forget-me-nots,' said the Elves.
"'Our dear friends, the Elves,' said
the forget-me-nots, their little
bluo
faces smiling
smiles.
such adorable
little
" 'And there nro our good friends
the hlnck-cyed Susans, or would you
rather be called Ox-Eyed Daisies?'
'"We don't mind nt all,' they said
'We like both names.'
"'Yes.' said Fly-HIgh, 'It's fine to
have two names, fine!'
" 'Good-morning, pretty green ferns,'
they said, as they passed somo woods.
" 'How sweet they always arc,' add
ed Fly-HIgh
" 'Good, cood-mornlng, fields of
grain, they said.
"And so they went on, saying a
good-morning to all tho flowers they
passed, and they told little stories to
ench other when they had time. Tho
flowers told tho Elves how the chil
dren had enjoyed them, nnd how they
would be picked to decorate houses
and the Elves told tho flowers somo
lovely fairy stories.
Wanted to See to Sleep.
Llttlo Marian had been taken up
stairs to bed. Her prayers hnd been
snld, but the child seemed restless
nnd clung to her mother as long ns
possible. Finally she was tucked In
cozlly and her mother was about to
turn out tho light when a llttlo voice
pleaded ;
"Mother, please let the light burn so
I can see to sleep 1"
tWell-Constructed Silos Being
(Prepared by tho TJnltod States Depart
ment or Agriculture.)
The time has nearly arrived for fill
ing silos has quite arrived for build
ing uddltlonnl ones If nioro Bpnco 18
needed.
Materials nre high. It may bo a ques
tion with the Individual farmer wheth
er ho can afford to build a silo tills
year.
Realizing that possibility, the Unit
ed States department of agriculture
bolloves thnt many men may he In
clined to glvo too much weight to con
struction cost nnd not enough to silage
value, nnd that thereforo the ad
vantages of tho silo ought at least to
bo restated.
Advantages of Silos.
nero nre some of the outstnndlng
points In what tho department's dairy
specialists think of silos:
In general, moro cow feed can bo
grown on an acre of ground In corn
than in nny other crop.
When put In u silo' It Is moro easily
harvested and cared for than any oth
er crop.
Silage operations nro absolutely in
dependent of weather conditions. Corn
for sllngo can be harvested lu the rain.
The silo mnkcB posslblo full utllizn
tlon of coin that otherwise would be
destroyed or dnmnged by frost.
The silo makes It posslblo to keep
more animals on n given acreage,
whloli means more manure nnd con
stantly lncrensed soil fertility.
Harvesting' corn ns sllago clears the
ground early so It can bo prepared for
other crops.
With sllago it Is not necessary to put
so many ncres In hay.
In nny other form n considerable por
tlon of tho feeding value Is lost.
Corn cured, as fodder loses nbout 40
per cent of Its feeding vnlue.
Corn preserved ns sllngo loses only
about 10 per cent of Its feeding vnlue,
About 35 per cent of corn fodder Is
wasted In feeding.
Only nbout 5 per cent of corn sllngo
Is wasted In feeding.
In other sllngo crops, weedy growth
that would not be eaten ut nil ns hay Is
ull eaten as silage.
Saved In nny other form, feeds bo
come, In n measure, less pnlatablo nnd
less nourishing.
Sllngo Is nil succulent, and nil pain
table.
Sltage Feeding Pays.
Statistics show that the percentngo
of profitable herds Is almost thrco
times ns high among herds that nro
fed on sllago as among herds that ure
not fed sllago.
Whllo there mny ho somo possible
question ns to the economy of putting
up silos under extreme high prices,
there can be no question nbout the
economy of filling to cnpnclty those
thnt are alrendy up.
Every man who hns a silo should
Urn not only to pu up enough sllngo
to carry his herd through tho winter
out to have somo for summer feeding,
tit least In case of emergency.
Even In the best of pasture regions
cows frequently drop 20 to 50 per cent
In production oven moro sometimes
In midsummer when drought cuts the
pnstures short.
When the rnlns coio later, these cat
tle do not return to 100 per cent pro
duction. If there Is somo stuff In tho silo
when tho dry weather comes, tho cows
can be kept up In production through
tho drought nnd cnrrled on nt maxi
mum production through the season.
Summer sllngo Is, to the dairy farm
er, Insurance ngnlnst loss from
drought.
If ho has not sufficient capacity to
carry over summer silage, more should
be constructed as soon as It Is nt all
feasible.
Tho summer silo, to give tho most
service possible, should be of smaller
diameter than the winter silo, for In
order to keep It In perfect condition
silage must be fed to a grenter depth
ench day In summer than In winter.
As enmpnred with soiling crops, sum
mer sllago saves labor at a time when
lnhor Is urgently needed for other
things.
Dairy farmers aro realizing more
snd rcoro every year that they must
huvn summer sllas.
Filled for Winter and Summer.
PAINTING S.LOS FOR
FUTURE USEFULNESS
Of Great Importance to Protect
Against Decay.
Good Inside Coating Is Coal-Tar Solu
tion, Thinned With Gasoline
Wooden Staves Usually Begin
to Rot at the Base.
(Prepared by tho United States Depart
ment of AKrlculturo.)
Now that tho cost of constructing
silos is high It Is more lmportnnt than
over to protect against decay those that
aro nlrcady built.
A good Inside coating for silos, spe
cialists of tho United States depart
ment of agriculture sny, Is coal-tar so
lution, thinned If neccssnry with gas
oline, and nppllcd with n paint brush.
Tho best plan Is to npply It one or two
dnys beforo the silo Is filled, hut It can
bo done successfully during filling, tho
men In tho silo painting a strip as high
as they can reach, and repeating tho
process periodically until the top Is
is renched. When put on In this way the
material must bo thinned with gasoline
which ovnporntes nlmost Immediately
nnd leaves tho conl-tar dry enough not
to Injure the sllngo.
The same preparation Is good als
for coating the outside wall. The only
objection Is thnt black outside paint,
Is not ns pleasing in appearance as
thnt af a lighter color. Tho high cost
of linseed oil and prepnred paints, how
ever, cause many silo owners to neg
lect painting with those materials, nnd
n blnck outer cont Is certainly prefer
able to deterioration for lack of paint.
Wooden-stnve silos that hnvo begun
to rot ut tho base where decay usu
ally begins can bo saved by sawing:
off the rotten portion. It Is neccssnry.
of course, to block up tho silo beforo
tho sawing Is done, nnd then to lower
It grndunlly. Carefully handled, a silo
can be sawed off and lowered absolute
ly without Injury. After this operation
there Is likely to be three or four years
of Hfo left In n silo thnt without It
would havo been worthless.
RABBITS CHEAPEST TO RAISE
Compared With Chickens Points Are
In Favor of Rabbits Inexpensive
Feed Given.
(Prepared by tho United Stntes Depart
ment of Agriculture.)
It costs about 25 cents to rnlse a
rabbit to tho age of three months. At
that time It mny be mnrketed at the
rate of 85 to 40 cents a pound nnd
tho pelts nre worth from 15 to 75
cents, depending on the kind of rab
bit nnd Its size. Oats, cabbage and
wnter compose tho basic diet used by
most of tho young growers. Compared
with chicken raising, tho points nro
In fnvor of thd rabbit, for tho hares
nro very hnrdy and require Inexpen
sive feed.
Live Stock
Notes
Pigs nro ns clean as other nnlmnls
If conditions nro ns they should be.
c
After weaning tho colt will need
some feeds to supply ingredients fur
nished by the mother's milk.
If the driver lets tho horses' shoul
ders get sore, even If strong uud
sound, the horse Is useless.
Sudnn grass Is a good hay for sheep,
approximately equal In vnlue to ordi
nary wild hay or timothy hay.
Alfalfa, sweet clover, red clover,
bluegrass, brome grass, barley, onts
or rape nil make satisfactory hog pas
tures. The sow should be given good, mllk
producing feeds and site should be fed
ull she will cat If her pigs nre to
flourish.
m
The brood mnro previous to fouling
time will require a llttlo extra care
In her handling; she should not bet
overworked.