The North Platte semi-weekly tribune. (North Platte, Neb.) 1895-1922, July 25, 1919, Image 6
THE SEMI-WEEKLY TRIBUNE. NORTH PLATTE, NEBRASKA. SENATE WANTS MORE LIGHT ON TREATY NEGOTIATIONS TO DESTRUCTION LIES li PATH OP FIRES Plan to Question the President on the Disposition of Shantung, Japanese German Secret Treaty and the Failure to Recognize Costa Rica ao a Belligerent. DUAL MONARCHY MUST PAY FOR: PART PLAYED IN WAR. GREAT DAMAGE TO TIMBER WESTERN STATES IN TERMS AUSTRIA FOREST FIRES GET BEYOND CONTROL IN TWO STATES High Winds, Abnormally High Tem perature and Absence of Rain for Many Weeks Work Heavy Handicap for Fighters Thousands of Acres of Timber Destroyed. Spokane. Racing ovor mountnln ridges of wostorn Montana nnd north cm Idaho, forest firos, burning foi moro than a weak, eproad destruction to tlnibor, and to small towns which have been severed by tho flainos from communication with tho Unltod States forest sorvlco headquarters at Mis soula, Mont. The fire near Hondorson, Mont., jumped the mountains into tho Mullan gulch country, whore thero was jiractically no opportunity to catch It. Tho fire near St. Regis, Mont., crossed tho Clark fork rlvor and spread un checked ovor a largo aroa. Deter mined offorts to check the spread of the forest flros in the Thundor moun tain district In central Idaho fallod to tain control. Tho cost of fighting llTcs now rag ing in Idaho and westorn Montana will total $1,000,000 before tho season is over, nccordlng to information re ceived by Governor Davisf As a result tho $40,000 sot asldo out of tho appro priation given tho general land olllco for fighting fires on tho public domain in control Idaho will bo wholly inade quate, ' Governor Davis will moot It. A. Hoi ley, of tho gcnoral land olllco at Salt Lake and Harry J. Shollworth, of tho outhorn Idnlm co-oporntlvo firo pro tective association" here for tho pur poso of determining the cost of light ing other fires. After tho conference ho will wire Franklin K. Lane, secre tary of the intorior, and Idaho's dele gation In congress, asking for an emer gency appropriation of a sufficient size to cover tho oxpensoB which must bo met. Boln Kun's Army In Rout Paris. -Dlspatchos reaching peaco conference circles from Budapest in dicate that generaL demoralization has struck Bola Kuns army, which in straggling back from tho different frontB with utter lack of discipline Tho breakdown in tho spirit of the troops is attributed to discontinuation of tho fighting against tho Czechs and Rumanians in consoquenco of tho armistice and to tho hasty lncroaso of tho well drilled loyal army of 60,000 to moro than 125,000 men. Re ports from tho sumo source, rocolvod by poaco delegates aro to tho effect that bolshevlsni in Hungary is con fined almost exclusively to BudapoBt. Peasants are obstructing shipmonts of food to tho capital which is rapidly reaching a dosperato state. London Wolcomeo Pershing London. With quaint, traditional ceremonies, tho lord mayor of London tendored Genoral Porshing tho honor ary freedom of tho city and presented him with a Bword of honor, Tho pre sentation occurred at Guildhall nt noon, after which Pershing altondod a lunchoon in hiB honor nt tho Mansion houso. Crowds Unod tho streets and cheored as tho slato carriages passed on tholr way to Guildhall for tho core monlos. Alighting at tho hall, Per shing inspected the guard of honor, formed of gronudlor guards. Ho thon was conducted to tho Dlua in the groat hall whoro ho was grectod by tho lord mayor and members of tho council, dressed in coremonlal robes. Car Fares Must Be Higher Washington. Munlclpul ownorship of Btreet railways as tho best and quickest way to convince tho public that it Is impracticable and undesir able was advocated boforo tho federal electric railway commission by Mor timer IS. Cooley, dean of tho collogo of onglnoorlnR of tho University of Michigan. Dr. Cooley said ho be lieved It was impossible to educato tho public to tho noeds of tho street railways in time to relievo tho present irlngoncy of high costB and low re turns of which thoy aro complaining. Assassinate American Officer Coblenz. Two Germans attempted to assassinate Major George Cockrlol, provost mnrshal of tho American forces in Germany. Tho major was not lnjurod. Tho Germans oscapod after firing several shots. Major Cockrlel'a home Is In St. Paul, Minn. Tho shots woro fired at tho provost marshal from behind. Germany Wants Loans Berlin. Germany wants loans or credits from America. Director Was herman ot the DoutBcho hank mado this clear in an intorviow in which he pointed out that raw materials and food wero essential it Germany was to met the obligations of tho entento and hecomo a stable member of tho world society. Gorman bankorn would sot maka ovorturos to tho Americans, "Wttsseriunn said, as thoy did not know whom to approach, but would wait tor American flnanciors 16 renew relations. Washington. raving tho way for dotailcd consideration of the poaco troaty, tho sonato foreign relations commlttoo approved three resolutions asking President Wilson for Informa tion bearing on tho Vorsalles negotia tions. Tho resolutions concern the Shantung settlement, tho alleged se cret understanding botwoon Japan and Germany and tho falluro to rec ognize Costa Itica as a bolllgeront. Debate on tho actual ratification of tho troaty began with a display of bit ter determination on both Bides. Tho commlttoo took no action on President Wilson'B suggestion that ho explain directly disputed points of tho peaco settlement, though tho president ro itoratcd to his supporters at tho capi tol his readiness to consult with tho commltteo members. , With sovoral sonatora not on tho committee ho dis cussed at tho white houso certain fea tures of tho treaty. Tho presldont is asked for n copy of the troaty said to havo been nego tiated In 1918, in which Japan was to Indirectly safeguard Germany's Inter ests at tho peace tablo, and informa tion Is wanted "with reforenco to tho attempt of Japan Or hor pcuco dole gates to Intimidate Chlncso peaco dolo gates." Tho third resolution inquires why Casta Rica was "not permitted" to sign the peaco treaty, and whotnor NIcaraguan forces "are now permit ted" to lnvado or threaten Costa Rlc'an territory. In discussing the various phases of tho treaty with senators who called at tho whtto houso tho president said that nocessarily the American com missioner could not lmposo their com ploto will on tho poaco conference and wero compelled to accept somo things of which thoy personally disapproved. Flour Millers to Rescue Chicago. As the result of a session of millers from nil parts of tho coun try, a now organization, having for its purpose tho reduction in prides of foodstuffs, is in existence, The new organization, the Millers' Export as sociation, was founded, according to J. F. Bell, vice-president of tho Washburn-Crosby company, to deal with foroign buyers who aro already organ ized. Moro than 300 millers, amone whom aro the largest flour makers in the country, have membership in tho organization. They Don't Like WJIhelm Now York. J. L. Krobs, a silk im porter who has just arrived frqm Ger many, says the Gorman peoplo, beaten and sick of bloodshed as thoy aro, havo no moro uso for tholr former rulers than wo have in America. Threo years of decayed moats and othor pu trid foods havo cured them of their lovo for tho Kaisor and ho has "not i ithe Bllghtost chance of ovor becoming popular with tho groat working classos again." Test of the Germ Theory St. Paul. Dr. II. A. Zottol, electro- path, has challenged Dr. II. W. Hln, exocutlvo secretary of tho Mlnnosota public health association, to a duel to the death to tost tholr rospectlvo gorm theories. Dr. II1U has accoptod. Thoy will oxposo themselves to tho most virulent contagious diseases thoy can find and then go Into quarantine. Even leprosy will be used In tho test. Fifty Thousiind Seamen Out Now York. Fifty thousand seamen employed on tho vobsoIb controlled by tho United States shipping board hnvo struck and thousands of stowards, cooks and othor employees havo Joined their ranks. Striko leadors doclaro that thero will bo no ndjustmont until tho men wore granted an i.ght hour day and tho principles of tho closed shop recognized by tho employers. Bishop Scores League Enemlec Now York. Tho Right Revcrand Charlos David Williams, D. I)., Epis copal bishop of Nobraskn, character ized tho opposors of tho league ot nations covenants as "pitiful palter- ers" in a vigorous defonso of the loaguo Uellvored from tho pulpit of St Prtul'B chapel, Columbln unlvorslty. Ilia address was concluded with n plea for industrial democracy. President Nicked for $21,000 Washington. The workings of tho incomo tax was demonstrated to tho president when thoro wm substractod from his salary ot $7G,G00 tho neat sum of $21,430, which is likely to di rect his thoughtful attontlon more than ever to tho high cost ot living and kindred subjects, and 1b also likely to cool tho ardor ot tho presidential asporatlons ot others. Demand the Kaiser of Germany Borlln. Tho Tagoblatt reports that Gormany will bo rcquostod to demand of Holland tho dollvory of tholr for mer rulor for trial to tho nlllos. The same procedure will bo taken with re- gards to German statesmen who have tied to neutral countries. For Capital Punishment Jefferson City. Tho Missouri state legislature in special session has com pletod tho passage ot the measure reinstating capital punishment. 1. American troops pnrade in Purls on' Independence dny. 2 DJemul Pnsha, Knver Pasha and Talnat Bey, leud-. ers of the Turkish government during the wur, condemned to death by n Turkish court-martial. 3 General Hnlg decorating Major General Squires, U. S. A. NEWS REVIEW OF CURRENT EVENTS Peace Treaty and League of Na tions Stir Up Lively Debate in the Senate. SHANTUNG AWARD SCORED Charge Is Made That Gift of Chinese Province Is Price of Japan's Signa ture Warning of Peril of War What Shall Be Done With Mexico? Daylight Law Saved by President. By EDWARD W. PICKARD, "Many people have - thought that the mere signing of the treaty with Germany marks the ending of the world peril. The situation toduy is still serious. The world's statesiuau ship will be sorely tried in the next few years. 'The pence conference (lias been history's greatest Instance of a uni fied world statesmanship directing tho moral and material resources of the world's family of nations. To al low the spirit behind It to disintegrate at this moment of emergency, when united action is imperative, would be fatal to nil the hopes of permanent pence with which we entered the wnr. "Out of It nil hns come the most important International document ever drawn-rtho treaty of pence with Germany a document" which not only meets the issues of the present war, but also lays down new agreements of the most helpful and most hopeful character. The nations are bound to gether to avert another world catas trophe, bnckwnrd peoples are given a new hope for their future; several racial entitles are liberated to form now stntes; a beginning is made to ward removing unjust economic re strictions, and the great military au tocracies of central Europe are de stroyed as tho first step in a general disarmament. "The trcnty Is, of course, nor" all that we hdd hoped for. Too many conlllctlng Interests were Involved. Nearly every one will find In It weak nesses, both of omission and commis sion. "I come home pleased, but not over- complacent with the outcome of the last six months; hopfcul, but not In the least unmindful of the problems yet to bo solved." These are tho words of Robert Lansing, United States secretary of stnte. They sound llko both fact ami sense. Therefore they are welcome In these topsy-turvy days. Admitting that the League of Na tlons is the hope of the world, is It one that America can accept m Jus tice to nerself-7 That Is what the United States senate Is trying to find out. It is the question of tli hour, So ninny shades of individual opinion aro held among the senators Hint uc ceptnnco or rejection can hardly bo said to be a party question. Anv way, tho Republican view Is nresuvu ably correctly set forth In the follow ing otncini statement-by Chairman ttriit IT IT.. . M -wi . .. mi ii. inijb ui uie iiupuniit'un na tional committee: "xne situation respecting the league covenant Is simply this; .mere musi ue encciive reserva tlons. Thpse reservations must snfe guard the sovereignty of the l nlted amies in every particular: must guarantee tho Monroe doctrine be yond the shndow of a doubt; must either eliminate article 10 entirely or so inouuy it mat our own congress snail ue morally as well us legally rreo arter n specified period to do cldo when and where anil to what ex tent our soldiers shall bo employed; must retain our lull control of liu migration, tariff and nil other miroly domestic policies, and nuiKt nrovlde full right to withdraw hindrance or conditions of any kind, upon giving suuauie notice. "It is up to the administration to decide whether It will or will not ac cept ttiese essential guarautees of American Independence, which would unquestionably be promptly accepted by, the other nntlons." Cutiously enough these several questions distinctively American and therefore pnwumably of the highest importance to this country hnve tem porarily been lost sight of In a burst of senatorial indignation over the ac tion of the pence conference by which Shantung probably China's richest province, with 30,000,000 people, the birthplace of Confucius is given to Japan. President Wilson presented the. treaty to the senate July 10. He said that the treaty was nothing less than a world settlement nnd It was not pos sible for him In his address to sum marize It; he would attempt only a general characterization of Its scope nnd purpose. He offered to be at the service of the senate or the foreign re lations committee. He did not mention the Shantung provision, or the Monroe doctrine, or our obligations under arti cle X. Typical expressions of opinion regarding his nddress follow: "The address," said Senator Swan- son, Democrat, Virginia, "Is magnifi cent, aoie, eloquent nna inspiring, ane reasons presented for the ratification of the treaty, including the League of Nations, were strong, cogent and un answerable." "Soothing, mellifluous and uniform ing," was the comment of Senator Mc Cormlck, Illinois. Taking Its stand on President Wil son's principle of "open covenants openly arrived at," the senate commit tee on foreign relations to consider the peace treaty met Monday. Senator Johnson, California, brought forward a resolution embodying a demand for data of every character relating to the treaty and Its formulation. It called for the suppressed plan for a League of Nations submitted to the peace con ference by President Wilson, which the president admits was rejected In fa vor of the British plan, nnd also called for the stenographic reports of tho peace negotiations. It was adopted Tuesday by the committee. Tuesday, after a heated debate, the senate, without a record vote, ndopted Senator Lodge's resolution calling on President Wilson to submit to the sen ate the text of the secret treaty nego tinted last year by Japan and Germany and all other data showing overtures made by the mikado's government to tho central powers during the wnr. Throughout the debate the lighting revolved about the Shantung incident. Senator Lodge. Republican leader, charged that the Shantung peninsula was "the purchase price for Japan's signature to the League of Nations covenant." Senator Moses of New Hampshire, a Republican member of the foreign relations committee, called It a "bribe," and Senator Norrls of Ne braska. Republican, denounced It ns "an outrage" and ''a betrayal." Senator Hitchcock of Nebraska un dertook to defend Japan's right to Shantung, but Senator Williams of Mississippi, Democratic member of the foreign relations committee, frankly admitted that If President Wilson had not yielded In tho Shantung affair Japan would have broken off from the allies and negotiated a separate treaty with Germany. Realizing the close re lntlons between Senator Williams and the White House, senators attached much Importance to the Mississippi member's statement that Japan would never glvo up Shantung again without a war. "If that's the challenge we might as well settle it How," said Senator Borah of Idaho, Republican. Thursday was marked by lively sen ate proceedings. Senator Borah, lie- publican, Idaho, called upon tne league stnmortors to Join him In securing a referendum. Senutor Sherman, ucpuo- llenn. Illinois, made an address warn ing the dangeivof war with Japan and pointing out tnnt sucn u wur wuw bo "Great Britain's opportunity to re call! commercial and financial suprem acy from us." The senato adopted Sen ator Borah's resolution demanding the text of the United States protest at Paris auainst tho Shantung award. President Wilson, seeing the league making no hundwivy, nd receiving no Invitation to tunica? before the foreign relations committee, began Issuing In iiotiiilillcau senators to visit him at the White House to dis cuss tlie treaty. Senator McCumber.j North Dakota, an outstanding support-, cr of the treaty and the league, was) the first caller Thursday. Senntor Colt, Rhode Island, was the second. What shall be done with Mexico? This question almost rivals the League of Nations In Interest. Nobody seems ready with a complete program, but official Washington is guessing that something will be done soon. Re ports come from abroad that the ad ministration Is pledged to interven tion. This Is olllclally denied. , Wednesday Mrs. John W. Corrcll, whose tragic experience Is well known, nnived In Washington with her fn- therless son. She hopes to meet the president. A list of 179 Americans murdered In Mexico since 1015 was made public by the National Associa tion for the Protection of American Rights In Mexico. Mrs. Correll said she was leading the ghosts of the 500 tVmerlcans who had been murdered In Mexico since 1010. The exclusjon of Mexico from the League of Nations was based upon the ground that It had been unable to give proof of intention to observe in ternational obligations. Aside from the murder of foreigners humnn life Is cheap these days money matters will probably force action. Americans have about $055,000,000 Invested in Mexico; Great Britain about $070,000, 00b; France about $285,00,000; Spain, uoiianu ami otner countries annul $205,000,000. Great Britain nnd Franco hold .the United Stntes responsible for the Mex Icnn sltuntlon, under the Monroe doc trine nnd under the policy pursued since 1910. They want Mexico put In position so that this property will not be confiscated and payment will be re sumed on national and other debts. In short, every Indication points to n probable Intervention by the United Stntes, nctlng as mandatory for the League of Nations. Tho alternative which Is unthinkable! Is that for eign nations 'will be allowed to Inter vene, In spite of the Monroe doctrine. President Wilson has vetoed the ag ricultural appropriation bill, giving as his reason the fact that Included In It was a section repealing the daylight saving law. Debates in congress indi cate that the farmers were all ngalnst the law, and bonumrded congress, while the rest of tho country favored the law and did nothing to support It. Aside from the actual merit of tho law, students of government approvo the veto on the ground that legisla tion of this kind Is vicious. Legisla tion by rider is never necessary, and ls favored only by legislators who want to avoid responsibility. The house failed to pass the bill over tho veto. Proceedings In congress seem to In dicate that the present "dry" spell will be prolonged and unrelieved. There are seVeral preliminaries to the term ination of war-time prohibition nnti thev nil take time. First the treaty must he ratified. Then pence must he proclaimed. Finally complete demo bilization of the , nrmy must ne achieved. Apparently the length of the dry spell depends largely upon how Germnny and other countries behave. Don't think for a moment thnt the high cost of living Is not receiving Its shnre of attention these days, The federal trade commission hns reported an approaching domination by the packers of all Important foods In the United States. The department of justice has begun the investigation of a "$100,000,000 food combine" among the ennners. Several resolutions have been Introduced In the houso within the week cnlllng for congressional In vestigation Into prices and the cost of living. People vvhntfmoved out rath er than, submit to an Increase In rent, have found all the furniture storage warehouses full, with waiting lists. In 47 lending cities In 27 stntes SO per cent of nil the household storage Brace Is occupied. And finally, "the apex of our woe, It now costs more to save our'dough" which Is to say that n least one bank has raised, tho price of safety deposit boxes 50 cents a year. In the menntlme, If anyone lacks ex citing reading, the newspapers aro full of every possible variety and size of strike, with more in prospect. ARMY REDUCED TO 30,000 Immediate Advance of Food Animals -to be Made Fifteen Days for Final Answer. Paris. The full peaco conditions of tho allied and associated powers aro now In tho hands of the Austrlans. The first section of tho terms wero presented to tho Austrian delegates at St. Germain on Juno 2; the finnl sections were delivered to them at tho same place July 20, without cer emony, by M. Dutasta, secretary general of the peaco conference. The terms comprise the whole treaty which Austria Is asked to sign, including the reparation, financial, military and certain other minor clauses, which wero not rendy for presentation when the olllclal cere mony took place. The Austrlans are granted fifteen days In which to make their final ob servations, altliough they have al ready submitted a large number of notes on tho terms previously sub mitted to them. t In addition to tho published sum mary of tho terms of Juno 2. tho now clauses provide for reparation arrangements very similar to those In the treaty with Germany, Includ ing the establishment of an Austrian sub-section of the reparations com mission, the payment of n reasonable sum In ensh, the Issuing of bonds, nml the delivery of live stock and certain historical and nrt documents. The flnanciul 'terms provide that the Austrian pre-war debt shall bo apportioned among the various for mer parts of Austria and that tho Austrian coinage and war bonds cir culating In the separated territory shall be taken up by tho new govern ments nnd redeemed as they see fit. Under tho military terms the Austrlnn army is henceforth reduced to ,10,000 men on a purely voluntary basis. Paragraph five relating to tho mil itary, says that the Austrian army shall not exceed 30,000 men, Includ ing officers and depot troops. Within three months the Austrian military forces shall be reduced to this nuni- 'ber, universal military service abol ished and voluntary enlistment sub. stltuted. The nrmy shall be used exclusively (or the maintenance of Internal or der and control of frontiers. All officers must bo regulars, those of the present army to be retained being under the obligation to serve until 40. years old; those newly ap pointed ngreeingi to at least 20 con secutive years of active .service. Noncommissioned ofilcers and pri vates must enlist for not less thnn 12: consecutive years with tho colors. Within three months the arma ment of the Austrian army must be reduced accordingly to detailed schedules, and nil surplus surrendered' Tho manufacture of all material shall! be confined to one single factory un der the control of this state, and other such establishments shall he closed down or converted. Importa tion and exportation of arms, muni tions and war materials of all kinds is forbidden. As an Immediate advance Austria ngrees to deliver within three months afterv ratification of the treaty 4,000 milch cows, to Italy and 1,000 each to Serbia and Rumania; 1,000 heifers to Italy, .100 to Serbia and 500 to Ru lnnnia; 50 bulls to Italy and 25 each to Serbia and Rumnnla; 1,000 calves to each of the three nations; 1,000 bullocks to Italy and 500 each to Serbia and Rumariln; 2,000 sows to Italy and 1,000 draught horses and 1,000 sheep to both Serbia and Ru mania. Each of the states to which Aus trian territory Is transferred nnd each of the states arising out of the dis memberment of Austria, Including the republic of Austiin, shall assume part of the Austrian pre-war debt specific ally secured on railways, salt mines and other property, the amount to bo fixed by the reparations commissions. U. S. Sailors Robbed. Washington.- The most serious of tho recently growing list of attacks on Americans In Mexico has been brought to light. A boat load of American sailors from the U. S. S. Cheyenne were held up in tho Tonics! river July 0, within nine miles of Tainplco, nnd the snllors robbed. The Amerlcnn ling was. Hying from the boat. Closely resembling the nttacks on American sailors which led to he occupation of Vera Cruz In 1914, the state department did not hesitate to regard It as a grave affair and dispatched urgent representations to tho Cnrrnnzu government nnd Tniu- plco authorities. Pledged' to Oppose Treaty. Washington. President Wilson has been offered a list of names of thirty five senators, who have pledged them selves to refuse ratification of the peaco treaty unless reservations are made, It was learned. This Is two more thnn the number of votes necessary to prevent ratification without reserva tion. The list, R is, learned, waB of fered to the president as proof that the senate will not ratify the treaty unless reservations are made to cer tain of its clauses.