THE SEMI-WEEKLY TRIBUNE, NORTH PLATTE. NEBRASKA.
JL
JUST A
LITTLE
DADDY3 EVENING!
WASHING WILL NOT KILL DISEASE GERMS
AND BACTERIA THAT LURK IN MILK CANS
FAIDYTAIF It,
i mis i imll iv
6y Mary Graham Bonner VM
simple, Inexpensive, Yet Efficient Steam Sterilizer for Use on Any Farm
Where Milk and Cream Are Sold.
(Prepared by the United States Depart
ment of Agriculture.)
Approach of wnrm, weather adds to
tho dairyman's problem of keeping
milk from souring. It Is commonly
known" that bacteria In milk produces
changes which spoil It nnd therefore
every means should bo taken to reduco
the bacteria content of milk as much
ns possible. This can he done, first, by
producing milk under clean conditions ;
second, by cleanliness In handling and
keeping It In sterilized utensils, and
third, by cooling It nnd keeping It cold.
Dirty milk utensils, and -even those
which apparently ure clean but which
have not been sterilized, contain vast
numbers of bacteria which nre added
to milk or cream when it comes In con
tact with them. It Is true that even
when milk Is produced under clean
conditions It will contnln a few bacter
la, for when such milk is placed In un
sterilized utensils or is run through
an unstcrlllzed strainer cloth ot tho
separator, largo numbers of bacteria
are added, which are apt to spoil It
quickly. "When dairy utensils are steri
lized by steam germs are destroyed,
and therefore milk and cream In these
utensils will keep sweet much longer.
Sterilization of utensils on farms Is
neither dllllcult nor e'xpensivp if tho
simple steam sterilizer designed by
dairy specialists of the United States
department of agriculture is used.
Ucy Smaller or Larger Farms.
This sterilizer is designed to be of
grentest use to those who have one,
two or three ten-gallon or smaller cans
with a similar number of palls and n
strainer cloth, but it can be used to
advantage where a larger number of
cans are required. In Its construction
are needed first a roasting pan of stan-
dard size (20 inches long, 14 mcheM
wide nnd 3 inches deep), a close fitting
insulated cover to fit over this pan,
and a box with a removable top to fit
over the cover;
To make the cover, take a sheet of
heavy galvanized Iron nnd cut it largo
enough to allow it to project three
fourths of an inch over tho edge ot
tho pan. Bend the edges of the sheet
bo ns to -form a shallow box with sides
three-eighths of an Inch high. Then
cut out a cover for the shallow box
thus made. Cut a hole ono nnd one
half Inches In diameter In tho center
of both the cover and the box. Iron
braces should be placed crosswise on
the box to strengthen It. Then fill
the shallow box with paper or asbes
tos sheets, after which the top of tho
box Is carefully soldered on. Solder
n round, galyanlsied-lron pipe four and
"Sue-half Inches long and oho and orie
hnlf inches in diameter In the hole In
tho center of tho cover.
' The box with tho removable cover
previously referred to should also bo
made of galvanized iron. ' This box
should be 11 inches high nnd largo
enough to fit on the cover just de
scribed. The complete cost pf thfS
outfit should not bo more than 8, and
if a soldering outfit is available It can
be mndo at home,' or any tinner can do
the job. v
IjZ. Using the Sterilizer.
To sterlllzo cans, tho rousting pan
should be placed on two burners of a
cook stove or an especially built brick
furnace. Tho pan should be filled
with water to the depth of ono Inch
and tho cover placed over It. As soon
ns the water heats sufficiently, steam
will como out of the outlet pipe, and
as a rule it takes less than 15 minutes
to develop enough steam for steriliza
tion. When steam of sufficient heat (at
Jenst 205 degrees Fahrenheit) has been
reached, place the can over tho. steam
outlet for five minutes, then remove,
shnke out any water and place up
right on the floor. The can should bo
absolutely dry in two or three minutes.
If not dry in that time it shows that
the steam was not as hot as 205 de
grees Fahrenheit, or that tho can has
not been washed clean.
Pails nnd other utensils are sterl
Hzed in the same manner. But to
sterllizo can covers, strainer cloths,
separator parts and other small uten
slls It Is necessary to use the box hav
ing the removable cover. When tho
steam begins to Issue from tho outlet
pipe placo the box over tho sterilizer,
put tho small utensils In It and placo
tho cover over the box. See that all
parts fit snugly so the steam will not
escape, and then proceed as In steri
lizing cans.
When properly operated, this sterl'
llzcr destroys practically all bacteria
In the utensils, including all disease
germs. It will accomplish the samo
results as nny sterilizer In which
steam not under pressure is used. Ex
perimcnts with this sterilizer show
that the five-minute steaming js, for
practical purposes, ns good ns tho 15
to SO minutes usunlly recommended.
Don't Forget Washing.
Bcforo sterilizing, rinse all utcuslls
In cold water, then wash thoroughly
with hot water and washing powder.
Stcrlllzatlon is not n substitute for
washing. If tho sterilizer Is to be used
longer thnn 40 or 50 minutes moro
water should be added to the roasting
pan to make up for loss of evaporation.
It is advisable to have an accurate
thermometer with a scale reading to
212 degrees Fahrenheit in order to de
termine when tho steam has reached
enough heat for efficient sterilization.
When sterilization is being done in a
cold room It is recommended that
some form of Insulation be used over
tho utensils. A blanket easily can be
made for this purpose. This is desir
able in order to keep tho pans or palls
hot long enough after sterilization to
dry out quickly. After the utensils are
sterilized and dried they should bo
placed in n room free from dust and
should not be touched until milk is
placed in them.
DOGS AS BOYS' PETS
REPLACED BY SHEEP
Each Canine Causes Loss of
$36.50 Every Year.
Farm-Demonstration Agent In Ken
tucky Itemizes Proposition on
Blackboard of Mountain -School
House. .,
(Prepared by the United States .Depart
ment of Agriculture.)
For every dog kept a loss of $3G.5C
must bo pocketed every year. Foi
every sheep kept a profit of $27.00
may be pocketed every year.
At least, that Is the way tho propo
sition was itemized on the blackboard
of a mountain schoolhouse by n farm
demonstration agent in Kentucky. And
tho figures were convincing. There was
not a sheep In tho district at the.
time the figures were placed on the
blackboard. Somebody said there used
to be one sheep n wether "down the
mountain a ways," but the dogs nte
him.
A few weeks from the time the ngenl
placed the figures on the board IE
boys ench had contrived to buy o
sheep. Eleven dogs had been killed.
Several other families, pestered bj
their small sons, but still umylllmo
to kill their dogs, were trying to give
the brutes away.
similar movements were stnrteu ai
other schools. Now, in that district;
there are 022 boys who are member?
of tho sheep club. Among them thej
own 2,005 fine sheep. By the tax
returns, tho dog population appear?
to have Increased also, but the ngenl
snys this Is not true. Formerly thert
wns no sentiment for enforcement of
the dog lnw, he says,, but now there
Is n very strong sentiment that way,
nnd, while there hns been a consider
able decrease In the number of dogs,
there is an apparent Increase, because
people who formerly evaded the dog
tax now have to pny it.
In feeding sllnge, only as muct
should be given ns .the animal will
clean up at each feeding time.
Sllnge Is a splendid stock food. It
gives tone to tho animal. It is a lax
ative and n splendid conditioner.
Rape is the best and most profitable
grazing crop for swine, and can be
sown in the South at most any season
of the year.
9
It has been observed that sows fed
alfalfa hay nnd n variety of feeds
nnu mnue 10 nine exercise uo not pro
duco hairless pigs.
It has been proved by tho various
experiment stations thnt the self-feed
or is the most profltablo method of
feeding from every point of view.
Calves from good grade beef cows
which give plenty of milk can bo put
In good condition to sell for beef, es
pecially if given a little grain with tho
fUVt5.roM
milk.
A FASHION STARTED.
You know how clonk models lnflu
enco women to buy clothes, whethei
they are becoming or not?" lrtqulrcd
the man with the double chin.
"Yes," replied the chauffeur.
"Well, I think we'd better put the
car up for a while and not tnko any
of these long trips through tho coun
try. If my wife sees how pretty some
of theso farm girls look In overalls,
she's going to want to wear 'era."
Light Labor.
"It's fnsclnntlng to watch a gang
of export billposters sticking up litho
graphs In a high wind, without letting
a single sheet got away from them,"
remarked tho observant citizen.
"So it is," answered the man who is
easily worried. "After witnessing a
performance like that I wonder why
It ever seemed troublesome for mo to
stick a stamp on a letter."
CO-OPERATION.
,Ybu keep a
joint bank ac
count with' your
vlfe, do you not?
Yes, I deposit
tho money and
she- draws it out.
Elopement Today.
"Oh, fly with me," the young man sang
To fair, coquettish Jane,
Who left her homo without a pang,
Aboard his aeroplane.
A Question of Taste.
One morning Mr. Smith was heard
talking to himself while making his
morning toilet In n manner that de
noted much perturbation.
"I wonder," said Mrs. Smith, "what's
provoked father now?"
"Oh, it's nothing much, mother," an
swered little William. "L just. pnt,n
tube of sister's oll-palnts in placo of
bis tube of toothpaste." Tit-Bits.
Befuddling the Jurors.
"We must have n physiological
chemist to testify in this murder trial,"
said tho eminent criminal lawyer.
"But tho horny-hnnded Jurors won't
know a physiological chemist from a
taxidermist."
"Of course not. That's why we've
got to have tho expert testimony of
n physiological chemist."
Advantage of Large Words.
"Did you call me a bonehead?" ask
ed the big man.
"No," answered the little fellow. "I
merely referred to you as an exnmplo
of cerebral ossification."
"Il'm. Would you mind waiting hero
a mlnuto till I-go and loqk in tho dic
tionary"
The Contrast.
"Those two do not pair well."
"Why not?"
"Because he Is a bird and she Is a
pencil." . ,
END OF FLIR
TATION. Jack (bitterly):
I suppoao you
consider it qulto a
triumph to mako
a fool of a man.
Edith: Why, no.
A triumph moans
something accom
plished that was
very difficult.
Why?
I've often, tried to figure out
Just what can bo tbo reason
A fellow gets spring fever
Right In the busy season.
The Round Robin.
"Father," said the small boy, "what
Is a round robin?"
"A round robin, my son, Is n small
hot "bird that Is highly considered bj
some epicures as food for thought."
Depends.
Mrs. A. Does your husbnnd ron
slder you n necessity or a luxury?
Mrs. B. It depends, my dear, op
whether I nm cooking his dinner ot
asking for a new dress.
A Counter Odor.
"My wife gave n rose tea yesterday
everything scented with roses, you
know."
"A dcllcnto conceit."
"Yes, but things went wrong. Tho
womnn In tho adjoining flat cooked a
boiled dinner."
Tho Little Boy.
"I hope your llttlo boy nover tcllsj
n llo."
"I don't know, I do know that nt
times ho tells a lot of embarrassing
truths."
FLY-HIGH'S TRIP.
"I haven't told you n story In ever
nnd over so long about Fly-Hlgll and
tho elves."
"Tluit's so, Daddy," said Nancy. "It
must bo almost n year slnco you havo
told us a story about Fly-High. And
Just think of nil the nights you've told
us stories since then I"
"Aro we to hnve a story about Fly
High tonight?" asked Nick.
"Yes," said Daddy, "yqu are thnt is
If you would like to hear about Fly
High tonight?"
"I'd love to," said Nancy.
And Nick said, "Yes, Daddy, do tell
us aliout Fly-IIIgh nnd tho elves."
"Now Fly-IIIgh," said Daddy, "wns
the bird which belonged to the elves.
He is not a real bird, but a make-believe
bird for Elfland.
"Ho talks Elfland talk, and he hns
the broadest back ever seen, nis body
Is very big nnd Is of a bright red
color, nnd his wings nre also very enor
mous, especially when he spreads them
out. Ills wings are black.
'"Hello, Fly-IIIgh,' called the elves.
'Won't you come here Fly-High?'
"And they had hardly finished speak
Ing when there swooped down before
them none other than Fly-nigh him
self. "'Ladles, Gentlemen, Boys, Girls,
Elves, what can I do for you today,
this very dny, no other day but today?'
" 'Wo arc longing to take a trip,' said
the elves. 'We all want to climb .upon
your brond back and go up In tho nlr
so high.'
"'So you almost reach tho sky,'
laughed Fly-nigh. 'You seo I can fin
ish your poem for you.'
"'We didn't mean it to be n poem,
said the elves, 'but of course wo are
delighted that-It has turned out to be
a poem, and we aro most grateful to
you."
"'It was n pleasure,' said Fly-High,
bowing low. ( v
'' 'Yes,' he said after a moment, It Is
n pleasure to do anything for the elves.
Any time I can write a poem or two
for you, nny time I can sing for ydu
with my funny honrse vo!c! I don't
mean that my voice is like a horse's
and that I can neigh1, but my husky; un
musical voice I would be glad to
sing for you.
" 'Any time I can take you for rides
I'd be glad to, for I. am Fly-IIIgh, your
very own bird, ready to do your bid
ding at any hour of the dny, night,
Fly-Hlgh Took Them t Visit tho
Clouds.
morning, afternoon, twilight, dnyllght,
sunset, sunrise, moonlight, sunlight and
all the other hours and moments nnd
weeks and days.
" 'It mntters not In what order I say
all theso things,' continued Fly-High
grinning.
" 'It doesn't matter in the lenst,' said
tho elves, 'for you are always willing,
the ever-willing, ever-ready Fly-Hlgh.'
" 'And you haven't told mo whero
you want mo to take you?' said Fly
nigh. "'We want you to choose the trip,'
snld the elves.
"So they nil. climbed on the great
broad wings of Fly-IIIgh, nnd up in the
air they wcnL
"Fly-Hlgh took them to visit tho
clouds, they chatted with the King of
tho Clouds, they played games with
the Army of Raindrops nnd the Mist
grandchildren, and when they did that
the King of the Clouds lent them all
llttlo bluo raincoats, for he snld, 'My
children like to play with wnter, and
so do my grandchildren, so you'd bet
ter wear raincoats and rnlncnps to bo
sure you keep dry.'
"They visited the mountain tops and
heard the stories the sun and the moon
had told to the tall pine trees.
"And after awhile they visited a big
Hold where in the center Fly-nigh stop
ped, right on a nice llttlo grassy
mound.
"And there, to the huge surprise of
the elves, Fly-Hlgh took out a lunch
basket which he had hidden under one
of his wings which tho King of the
Cloijds had given to him.
"So they all had a luncheon picnic
of goodies sent by the King of the
Clouds, lovely, fluffy, delicious food
that melted In their mouths.
"And Fly-IIIgh smiled that his trip
was a success."
Monday as Day of Rest
Teacher Which dny Is reserved as
n day of rest?
Smnll Boy Monday Is tho day of
rest at our house.
Teacher Monday 1 Why, how's
that?
Small Boy We take the Sunday
papers.
ut:t:tttt:t:wav.vu::t::tt
Concerning Wraps
' On very llttlo children designers
sometimes like to put clothes thnt
mako them look Hko fascinating min
iatures of their mothers. There is a
wonderful appeal in theso llttlo repli
cas of grown-up garments, something
droll nnd something that brings out
Uio sweet promise that makes little
girls so lovnble. As tho little lady
progresses into tho flnpper stago this
mimicry of grown-ups Is nbandoncd
because sho requires things mndo es
pecially for her in her "pln-fenther"
stage. It takes tho llttlo, downy chick
to look lovely whllo she apes her
mother nnd to mnko us wish to havo
tho world an easy place, for her to live
in when sho grows up.
For a girl of ten or thereabout
tho chocked coat shown in tho picture
hns been designed with thought only
of her nnd her needs. It is in black
nnd grny, nnd Is n very childish look
ing nnd crisp gnrment, ns buoyant an
a hair bow. It hangs straight at tho
front, has roomy sleeves with wide
Dress Hats Approved by Fashion.
If tho feminine mind ever needed J
convincing that pretty nnd strictly
feminine clothes ndd a world of Joy
to life, it Is thoroughly mndo up on
that point now. During the wnr
women got themselves Into business
clothes nnd uniforms, turned their
backs on everything that hinted of
frivolity and "tended to their knitting,"
dressed in tho quietest and most mat-tcr-of-fact
way. But tho mlnuto it
was ovor they welcomed everything
that Is beautiful and cheerful In ap
parel nnd aro spending moro money
for clothes thnn ever before, to the
benefit of everybody.
Of courso millinery reflects more
quickly than anything clso tho moods
of tho nubile, for several rensons. A
glnnco nt the group of hats pictured
hero reveals plcturesquo shapes, love
ly colors, blossoms, ribbons, exquisite
rnnrerlnls. nil tcllinc tho story of mid
summer ns elenrly as can be. At tho
ton of tho croup thero is n wide
brimmed black hat of braid with a
nnrtlon of tho brim cut away and filled
In with mnllnes. Flowers nre set
ngnlnst tho crown and ribbon encir
cles it; ono gets a gllmpso of them
through tho mnllnes in tho brim,
.lust below at the left, n lovely log-
.horn has its upper brim und crown
for Children.
cuffs, fastens with two largo buttons
and has a girdlo that is joined at the
ends with n buckle. Having traveled,
this far in n quiet and dignified mam
nor the designer grew playful inmnk
Ing tho accessories. Tho pockets arq
nucer and Just mnko-bellevo and the,
collar plays pranks. It takes on n
band of plain grny cloth nt tho back;
and becomes revcrs at tho front by
means of nn unexpected side-step, to
which attention is called by two llttlo
buttons. It Is a coat to please a
llttlo girl and every ono who sees
her;
The very little girl has a demuro
nnd correct cont on with a full body
gathered to n fitted yoke. Tho pointed
collnr finished with a tassel nt tho
back suggests n hood and looks very
llttlc-glrllsh, but a muffler collar of
silk has a very grown-up air. Design
ing clothes for children is not as sim
ple ns It looks, but thero nre people
who nre gifted with a special knack
for doing It.
veiled with georgette. Velvet ribbon
in a pastel bluo Is drawn over tho
crown and falls In long ends at tho
back nnd smnll gnrden flowers nre
clustered ngnlnst this nzuro back
ground. You enn Imagine how pleas
ing they nre. At the right another
leghorn is simply trimmed with very
wido pink sntln ribbon tied In a full
bew with short ends, at tho back.
The last hat Is a black shape with
mllan crown nnd hnlr braid brim and
hns n sash of narrow sapphire blue
ribbon with clusters of small flowers
set against it.
Ruffles and Frills for Waists.
If ono's happiness depends on ruf
fles and sheer frills, snys Vogue, thero
Is a gay waist of net, which Is ono of
tho newest materials for tho warm
weather blouses. It Is In a deep cream
tone nnd ripples around thci neck Into
n rufllo edged with cream Venetian
Inco. Tho sleeves nt the cuffs nre mndo
with a doublo ruffle, ono of tho plain
not, tho other of net edged with lace.
Cream crocheted buttons fasten the
front.