The North Platte semi-weekly tribune. (North Platte, Neb.) 1895-1922, October 01, 1918, Image 9
THE 8EMI.WEEKLY TRIBUNE, NORTH PLATTE, NEBRA8KA, BEST PLACE FOR CROP MARLEY Should Be More Widely Grown in Northern and Western States for Feed. WORKS WELL IN ROTATIONS Doea Best After Cultivated Crop, Such ao Corn Suits Local Conditions and Nature of Farm Various Plans Outlined. Prepared by fho United States Depart ment of Agriculture.) Barloy, a crop which should bo more widely grown In tho Northern and Western states because It is n vnlunblo feed, does best nfter a cul tivated crop. Thla, In tho United States, means corn. In Canada, excellent returns have boon secured after root crops. In tho United States, our root-crop acrengo Is limited .to potatoes and augnr beets. Tho total acreage of those avnllablo for seeding to barley Is too small to bo considered. In the humid districts, where diversified farming Is practiced, the most feasl blo rotation Is ono Including corn and .a leguminous hay or pasturo crop. Combination for Rotation. Oorn, followed by barley (seeded with grass), which In turn Is followed by hay pasture, Is tho essential com bination of a rotation for this area. 'This is, of course, to bo modified te suit local conditions and tho nature of tho farm. If intended for uso ns bay, tho grass seed mixture might bo -timothy and clover; if for pasture, tho mixture might Include a legumo and nonleguralnous grasses suited to tho lo cality. If used for hay, the grass mix ture would probably stand two years; If for pasture, it might remain a long er time If grain feed Is needed, two years of corn or two of barley might be used. In the case of two yoars of barley, tho stcond year tho barley might be sown at a lesser rato, so as to make a better nurso crop. Wheat may enter any of these rotations by sddlng ono year to tho cycle. When alfalfa Is used It is seldom profitable to break up tho alfalfa land in less than thrco years, and It Is usu ully profitable to leavo it still longer. Various Rotations. In tho arid regions corn is a far less common crop. Tho ncreago Is Increas ing, however, and the use of silos Is certain to extend it still further. In vestigations have shown that In the great plains tho largest returns per ncro were secured after summer fal low; but on account of the cost of summer tillage, tho crops on disked corn ground were much more proflt nblo. Potatoes, where grown, occupy the same place as corn in the schemo Growing Barley for Seed. of rotation. In eastern Oregon and Washington, and to n lesser extent in Idaho, Wyoming nnd Montana, field peas may take the" place of both tho corn nnd tho hny crop, tho rotation probably being peas, wheat and bar ley. Much of tho barley west of tho ninety-eighth meridian Is certain to bo urown without definite rotation until economic conditions have altered con siderably. In tho South, winter barley occupies tho same place ns wheat. Tho host returns aro secured after plowing tinder a leguminous crop, ns after cow pens plowed under tho first of Septem ber. In tho Piedmont region corn In which crimson clover Is seeded, crim son clover followed by cowpeas, nnd barley make a three-year rotation which can bo extended by tho uso of n second barley crop nnd, li In a stock-raising region, by tho addition of pasture. In the coastal plains bar ley doea not succeed well on snndy soils, nnd stock farming Is not com mon. Where tho soils are suitable, corn, cowpeas, and barley may form tho basis of the rotation. In some places, velvet beans aro much better than cowpeas. Tho advisability of growing barloy hero usually would de pend upon tho relatlvo cash returns of wheat and barley. In the South Uiero la a posslhlo exception. Where hogs aro raised and fattened on pen nuts, barley mny bo of unusual value In adding firmness to tho fat. Make Brood Sows Exercise. Don't 'confine your brood sows too closoly. Make- them tako exercise up to tho last two or. three days licforo farrowing. You will get bigger, strong er pica. GRAIN AND PASTURE FOR FATTENING PIGS Plan Outlined for Handling Young Animals for Market. Most Rapid but Also Most Expensive Gains Mado During Finishing Period Self-Feeder Found Most Satisfactory. (Prepared by tho United States Depart ment of Agrlculturo.) After weaning, tho stock selected for fattening Is fed in two periods first, tho growing period, from wennlng until approximately six weeks to two months of tho marketing date; and, second, tho finishing period, from that time up to marketing. During tho first or grow ing period tho ration Is much tho same Hog Feeding. as fhat given to the breeding stock that Is, all of the nutritious pasture they need but with n heavier grain ration of slightly wider nutritive ratio. The object Is to grow a pig with plenty of size and scale and ono that will fat ten quickly and economically. Some feeders use tho self-feeder at this period nnd obtain . excellent results, giving tho pigs free access to such feeds as corn, mill feeds, and tankage while on pasture. Tho practice tends to shorten the feeding period nnd pro duces pork with slightly' less grain per unit of gnln. Under these conditions pigs do not neglect their forage but really make more economical uso of it than when tho grain Is limited. In feeding n limited grain ration on pas tnre more success has been attained by giving an amount equal to 3 per cent of the body weight than when fed in lesser nirtounts. The most rapid but also tho most ex pensive gains In tho pig's life come during tho finishing period. During these last few Weeks before slaughter tho animal Is given all tho feed he will consume with relish. Much more corn and less protein concentrates aro fed during this period, a representative ration being composed of ten pounds of corn to one pound of tnnknge. The change In rations must be gradual and tho lncrenso In feed not too rapid; otherwise the animal Is apt to "go off feed," or lose his appetite. Pastures are very valuable at this time, especial ly those composed of feeds high in pro tein, for they furnish a cheap source of nitrogen nnd keep tho pig toned up and his appetite keen. A hog will con- sumo n 8 to 4 per cent grnln ration at this time, depending, of course, on tho character of tho feeds and tho weight of the hog, a larger hog eating less In proportion to his weight than a smaller one. The self-feeder was primarily devised to flnsh tho hog at this time nnd serves Its purpose In ex cellent fashion. Slightly more rapid and economical gains are made by Its uso thnn can be obtained by the best hand feeding. J MORE SUGAR-BEET MILLS i-r - U- (Prepared by U. 8. Department q or Agrlculturo.) & Just 100 sugar-beet mills In tho United States now aro ready J to turn out tons of sugar to fur- nlsh energy to our soldiers ns e duuu ua urn Yuaiiui, ui- uiu sugar-beet crop begins. x). Sixteen of theso mills were o built during 1017 nnd equipped for handling tho 1017-18 crop. j Tho cnpnclty of theso mills 2 8- ranges from a few hundred tons to 11,000 tons of beets each 24 hours. -tt S Tho first mill was built In Cal- ifornla in 1870. During 1010 17 mills wcro built In Wyoming, Idaho, Nebraska, Utah, Oregon, o Colorado, Montana, Iowa, Call- fornla and Washington. tr'f I SEED REQUIRES LITTLE CARE Selection Is Especially Important to Insure Healthy Seed Uso Surplus for Food. (Prepared by the Unltod States Depart ment of Agriculture.) Very Httlo enro Is required to savo seed for a home supply of tho crops of which tho seeds nro eaten, since the seed is well advanced toward maturity when usable. Selection Is Important In this group, however, especially to In sure henlthy seed. Any surplus dried seed of theso plants moy bo used for food. Crude Oil Cures Diseases. Cnulo oil will euro most skin dhv cases In iiogtv RULTO BREEDING OF FANCY FOWLS Practice Results in More or Less Gen eral Improvement of Poultry Some Suggestions. (From tho United States Department of Agriculture.) Thcro should not be any discourage ment of the breeding of what Is or- dlnnrily known ns fancy poultry. That term is usually applied to tho stand-, nrd breeds as kept by specialists who produce exhibition birds. That prac tice has always resulted in more or less general Improvement of poultry and should continue to perforin Just that function at this tlmo when tho wider keeping of a better grade of poultry stock cannot fall to result In an increased production. Tho work of tho poultry specialist also gives en couragement to tho general farmer nnd tie bnck-yard poultry keener to take better care of the flocks. Tho continuance of poultry exhibitions, maintained almost wholly by the poul try specialist, is certainly Justified during tho present emergency. It has always been tho breeders of exhibition towls who havo' been tho leaders In promoting the welfnre of the poultry industry, and theso men have been especially willing to give their tlmo and efforts In working for increased production. Tho poultry shows them selves nfford an opportunity for Inter esting Individuals In poultry keeping nnd hnve served as effective centers from which to launch and extend the campaign for increasing poultry pro duction. To tho specialist In pouHry produc tion it is not necessary to say In this connection anything with regard to breeds that should bo used, but to tho gencrnl farmer some suggestions nlong that Mno might be of assistance in making tho adjustment to changed conditions. , Standard poultry, ns tho phraso Is commonly used in America, is poultry bred to the standards established by the American Poultry association. Tho object of making standards for poultry Is tho same as the object of making standards of weight, volume or qual ity for any product or commodity; I. e., to secure uniformity nnd estab lish a scries of grades as n basis of trading In the article. In making stnndards for poultry which npply In the process of produc tion, tho principal points considered are size, shape nnd color. Size and shape arc breed characters and largely determine the practical values of poultry. Many standard breeds are divided into varieties differ ing in color but Identical in every oth er respect. Color is not a primary utility point, but ns a secondary point often comes In for special considera tion. For exnmple, a white variety and a bind; variety of the same breed aro White Plymouth Rock Cock, First Prize Winner. actually Identical In table quality, but because black birds do not dress for tho market as clean and nice looking ns white ones, it often happens that they aro not ns salable. When a flock of towls is kept for production only, uniformity in color Is much less Important than npproxl mate uniformity ,n size and typo, yet the more attractive appearnnce of a flock of birds of the samo color Justi fies selection for color ns far as it can be followed without sacrificing any material point. When a poultry keeper grows his own stock yenr after year ho should by all means uso stock of n wcll-estub Hshed popular standard breed. By do ing so nnd by selecting ns breeders only as many of tho best specimens of tho flock ns aro needed to produce tho chickens reared each year, a poul try keeper maintains in his flock a highly desirable uniformity of excel lenco In every practical quality and, with llttlo extra care and no extra cost, can have a pleasing uniformity In color. To the novlco in poultry keeping It often appears that th'-re Is no real necessity for so many breeds nnd varieties as hnvo been standardized In America. Further ac quaintance with them, however, shows thnt although color differences are In most eases merely to please the eyes of persons having different prefer ences for color, tho tllfferences In Mumo i. nd size which make breed , charncter havo been doveloped with o j view to ndnptlug each to particular i uses or particular conditions. GOOD ROADS WARTIME POLICY DESCRIBED Head of Department That Administers Federal Aid Act Tells of Highway Problem. CPrcparod by tho United States Depart ment or Agrlculturo.) Governmental ngencloa dcnllng with highway problems fully recognize tho vltnl military and economic Importnnco of the country's roads, according to a letter from Secretary of Agrlculturo Houston to Arthur II. Fleming, chief of the state councils section, council of national defense. The secretary, whoso department ad ministers tho federal nld road net, stated also thut tho government recog nizes that It is necessary to construct, reconstruct or maintain roads essen tial for military and vital economic purposes nnd to defer action on roads not of this class; nnd that it is desir able, whercvor possible, to uso local materials for road building and main tenance in order to relievo railroad trafllc. Important highways, ns described in the secretary's letter, include only those utilized, or to bo utilized, by tho military establishment, thoso which enrry a considerable, volumo of mate rials and supplies essential to war In dustries, nnd thoso which have a bear ing on tho production nnd, distribution of food supplies, connecting popula tion and shipping centers with sur rounding agricultural areas. Attention is called to the' formation of the United States highways council. This body was suggested by the secre tary to co-ordlnnto federal ugcncles in terested In highway problems. The council is mndo up of a representative each from the department of agricul ture, the war department, tho railroad administration, the fuel administration and the war Industries boards. It will form a unified agency for dealing, or, behalf of tho federal government, wltl highway construction, maintenance nn policies. It will, of course, through tin office of public roads and rural engi neering of the department, continue the elbso contact already established, both formally by law nnd Informnllj by practice, with the state hlghwaj commission in each state. Tho office of public roads and rura' engineering and tho hlghwnys council will actively consider tho supply, fot highway purposes, of road oils, as phalts and other bituminous rond materials controlled by tho fuel ad- Making Needed Repairs. ministration, nnd tho matter of prior ity production for highway materials controlled by tho war Industries board. They will also, In contnet with tho railroad administration, aid in secur ing, so far as practicable, facilities for the transportation of road matcrlrds nnd supplied. Furthermore, tho' offico of public roads and rural engineering will net as the medium for furnishing information nnd assistance on hlghwny problems, especially to state highway authorities In meeting the various dif ficulties which they encounter. When Uio United States entered tho war tho work of planning state high way systems, 6o thnt, as far as neces sary and feasible, they would connect with tho systems of other stntcs, was well under- way. This resulted from efforts to administer tho federal aid road act, so that the roads of vital Im portance for economic, military and other purposes should first bo dealt with. The federal aid rond act Ia volvlng an aggregate five-year expend!' turc, directly and from state and local funds, of ?1GO,0001000 In addition to at least $200,000,000 spent Independently each year by the states provides that tho states must maintain tho roads and that beforo any money can bo ex pended the roads must bo selected and approved and plans, specifications und contracts submitted. Tho secretary also calls attention to tho fact that road engineers have been provided by tho department for each of the army cantonments and for work on roads elsewhere In which mllltury authorities were interested. Bad Time for Hoad Work. If the working of ihe roads is de ferred until tho latter iart of the sum mer when tho surface is baked dry and hard, they nro not only difficult to work, hut tho work is unsatisfac tory when done. Dispose of Storm Watir. Storm water should be disposed of quickly boforo It has had time to pene trate deeply into tho surfneo of tho rond. Thls-'ciin be done by giving the nnd a crown or slopo from ho center o tho sides. RENTING FARM FOR DAIRYING Half-and.Half System Proves Most Successful In Representative Sec tion Near Chicago. (Prepared by the United States Depart ment of Agriculture.) Tho so-called hnlf-nnd-hnlf system is tho most common In use nnd the most satisfactory In renting dairy farms in roprcscntntlvo dnlry regions near Cht cago studied by farm management specialists of tho United Stntcs de partment of agriculture. Generally speaking, under this system tho land lord supplies tho land, tho tenant tho labor, and ench shnrcs tho expenses nnd income equally. Tho study was niado on 143 farms In Green county, Wisconsin, nnd Knno county (tho El gin district) Illinois, whero dairying Is a comparatively old, well-developed and profitable Industry. In tho report of tho study, published as Bulletin C03, of tho department, it is brought out that while this system is particular ly appllcablo to the regloas studied, It Is believed to bo suitable in dairy sections generally. Under the half-and-half system tho landlord furnishes tho land, buildings, tho greater part of the seed and fertil izer, nnd half tho productive stock, while the tennnt furnishes horses, ma chinery, half of tho productive stock, part of tho seed, and sometimes part of tho fertilizer. All stock Is fed usu ally from tho grain nnd hay owned In common. When n feed of any kind is bought, Its cost is shared equally be tween tho landlord nnd tenant. In general, each party pays tho taxes on all property owned by him, including tho farm rond tnx, though In many enses In tho North Central states al! tho farm road tax Is worked out by the tenant Under this system tho poultry fre quently is owned exclusively, in lim ited numbers, by the tenant, and ho gets tho proceeds therefrom, but with this exception, each party gcncrnllj receives half of the proceeds of farm sales of all products of whatever na ture. Less frequently dnlry farms ar Bharo-rcntcd on the third system, the landlord supplying everything but tho mnn-powcr, which is furnished by the teuant, and getting two-thirds of tht enles of all productn while tho tenant receives one-thlnh When feed Is pur chased tho tenant pays one-third of tho cost. . Tho length of lenso in tho regions studied rnnges from ono to five years. In tho Wisconsin district 70 per. cent of tho lenses wcro for ono year only none being for n longer period thnn three years, while In the Illinois dis trict 03 per cent of tho leases wcro for ono year. In tho Wisconsin group 83 per cent nnd In tho Illinois group 27 per cent of tho lenses wcro verbal. Soventy-fivo per cent of the farm In come on tho farms of tho Wisconsin Splendid Heavy Milk-Producing Type. group nnd 85 per cent on thoso of tho Illinois group was from dairy cattlo and dnlry products. In tho Wisconsin group 21.5 per cent of the cows were home-raised heifers that became fresh during tho year; 18.0 per cent of tho herds were discarded ir sold as dairy cows. Tho furmers prefer to raise their cows Instead of buying them, nnd on over half of tho. farms Btutllcd thcro wcro pure-bred Ilolsu-in bulls. In tho Illinois group 8 per cent of tho cows were home-raised heifers with first calves, while 27.0 per cent of the herds wero discarded InOitatlng that this is a dairy-cow purchasing region. FEW "DON'TS" FOR DAIRYMEN Overfeeding: Causes More Stunted Calves Than Underfeeding Feed Them In Stanchions. In rearing nnd dovoloplng dairy heifers : Don't overfeed. Twice ns many calves aro stunted by overfeeding ns by undorfccdlng. Don't change suddenly from wliolo to skim milk. Don't keep cnlvea In damp, dark, crowded, poorly ventilated barns. Don't feed milk In dirty pulls. Pon't be lrregulnr ns to tho time of feeding, temperature or amount of Killk. "Don't feed too much nlfnlfa hay bo foro tho calf Is three months old. Don't lot cmvuu suck each othct after drinking milk. They should be VlfiCcil In stanchions nnd fed grain. Don't malco culveu go without water. NOW U 61 mmam After Being Relieved of Or ganic Trouble by Lydia E. Pinkham's Vegetable Compound. Oregon, III. "I took Lydln E, Pink ham's Vegotnblo Compound for nn or .gnmo trouble wmcn pulled mo down un til l could not put my foot to tho floor and could scarcely do my work, and ns I live on n small farm and raise six hundred chickens ovcry year it mado it very bard for mo. "I saw the Com pound advertised is our paper, and tried it. It has restored my health so I can do nil my work nnd I am so grateful that I am recommend ing it to my frienda.' Mrs. D. M. Alters, R. It. 4, Oregon. 111. Only women whohavo suffered the tor tures of such troubles nnd have dragged along from dny to day can realize th relief which this famous root and herb remedy, Lydia E. Pinkham's Vegetable Compound, brought to Mrs. Alters. Women everywhere In Mrs. Alters condition should profit by her recom mendation, nnd If thcro nro any com plications writo Lydia E. Plnkham'i Medicine Co., Lynn, Mass., for advice. Tho result of their 40 years expericne la at your ocrvice. TVfT?"W Kidney troublo proya up-4TA',-'J- on the mind, dlacouraee AMrj and loasens ambition; beauty, vluor and choer WOMRNr fulness ottcn disappear TT ywltn when the kldnoya aro out of order or diseased. For good results pso Dr. KIlmer'B Swamp-Hoot, the groat kldnoy tnedlclno. At druggists In Urge nnd medium size bottles. Sample slxa bottle by Parcel Tost, ulso pamphlet. Address Or. Kilmer & Co., liliiKlmmton, N. Y,, and enclose ten cents. Wben writ ing mention this paper. United States nniir coined 600,000, 000 pennies In 1017. 8oft, Clear Sklno. Night nnd morning bathe tho fac with Cutlcura Soap and hot water. If thcro aro pimples first smear them with Cutlcura Ointment. For free sam ples address, "Cutlcura, Dept. X, Boa ton." Bold by druggists and by mall. Soap 25, Ointment 25 and CO. Adv. HOW WAR HAS HURT HOLLAND Conflict Has Had Marked Evil Effect on Morals of Citizens of the Little Country. Holland, no doubt, had Its ranay faults and shortcomings, but it cer tainly nover was n corrupt cmratry, cither In administration, In politics or In business, Matthuys P. Rnoseboom writes In Atlantic. This war hns fos tered temptations nnd vice totally new to the country. As conditions rrow worse profiteering, hoarding, trying to circumvent regulations, hick of respon sibility nnd of public feeling, selfish ness, lust of uiHluo profits nil these do Increase. Then there nro the spies of nH no tlonnlltles. having centers In our coun try, trying to bribe our folk Into ren dering them services for high rewards. Then there Is the gradually crowing unemployment, with Its curse of Idle ness, making men prone to mtccumb to the temptations of profitable smug gling. Then there nro the ninny unde sirable forelRn elements, the alarming growth of prostitution nnd Its Inherent evils, the Increasing number of thefts, burglaries nnd even murders. An Undersea Episode. Mr. Fish Yp,u say your son Is In disposed? Mrs. Fish Yes he wan bit ten by a niad dogfish I Don't Imagine you nre aj vocalist simply because tho nclghborx fall to shoot nt you when you attempt to sing. III Take P0STUM! you hear it more and more when one is asked what he'll have for his morning-drink. Delirihtful aroma and taste.and free dom from the dis comforts that go with coffee. Nourishing health ful, economical. No Waste ataii- an important item these days. Give INSTANT POSTUM atrial. IllllllllllllllliUIIIIIIIIIII