THE SEMI WEEKLY TRIBUNE NORTH PLATTE NEBRASKA.
The Housewife and the War
Helping the Meat and Milk Supply
(Special Information Service, United Stilton Department of Asrlculture.)
COMMUNITY WAR KITCHENS SPREAD
(Speclul Information Service, United States Department of Agriculture.)
SILOS ARE BIG FOOD CONTAINERS
RIZZO, DREADNAUGHT CHASER
' H ill ' I
The Pictures Show Four Kinds of
Succulent Feed Provided for Live
Stock When Pasture Is Not
Available.
SILAGE REDUCES FEED BILL
No Other Food Will Combine So Well
With Dry Hay and a Little Grain
to Produce the Maximum
K Economical Results.
Can for the cow In a silo !
Fruits and green vegetables arc
:anned to supply succulent and pala
table foods for the family during the
winter. Succulence Is just ns essen
tial to the cow ns to n human being.
The abundant milk flow obtained from
Juno pasture to a largo extent Is due
to the succulence of the grass. Silage
provides succulent feed during winter
when pasture Is not available. Silage
Is palatable, and no other feed will
combine so well with dry hay and
a little grain to produce maximum
economical results.
Use of Silo Growing.
Dairy farmers especially have appre
ciated tho value of silage as a milk
producer. But silage Is a good and
cheap feed for beef cattle, and also
for sheep and horses. Its value for
beef cattle Is Illustrated by tho fact
that Uie bureau of animal Industry of
the United States department of ag
riculture, In co-operation with state
authorities and county agents, nt pres
ent is conducting a campaign to In
crease the number of silos on beef cat
tlo fnrms. With, more silos more beef
cattle am be produced economically
and fed during the winter. The cam
paign Is being given special attention
In the Southern states, particularly in
territory recently freed from cattlo
tick quarantine, where the production
of beef cattle Is on tho Increase.
Saving Corn Crops.
Silage Is regarded as an excellent
way of preserving a mature corn crop
or of saving ono which for anyfeason
must be harvested before maturity.
About -10 per cent of tho total food
jaiaterial in the corn plant Is In the
stalks and leaves. When the fanner
harvests only the ears he loses nearly
one-half of the crop. On the other
hand, when the crop Is put Into the
silo the loss Is very small. When
drought, frost or Insects attack a field
of corn before It Is ripe, the entire
crop may be lost unless the farmer
has a silo ready In which to preserve
It.
No feed crops can be so successfully
harvested under widely vnrylng condi
tions as those that go Into the silo.
Only In caso of drought or frost Is It
necessary to rush the filling of the
silo, Rain or dew on forage does not
lnjuro the silage.
Now Is Time for Silos.
The srfVo at all tlmw. and particu
larly now, offers to the fanner one of
the best menu of reducing bis feed
Mils. The pn.'uei.t great emergency
CANNED CORN IS
FAVORED BY COW
Silos, and the Construction of One.
makes conservation of graini n neces
sity, and grain can he saved by feed
ing ullage.
These questions are before everj
fanner who keeps cattlo: Have you a
silo? If you have not your herd is
riot most economically fed. Why nol
build a silo and 1111 It before frost
comes? If you linvo one, Is It big
enough to supply nil tho sllnge youi
cattle can eat before the next crop
is linrvested? If not, build another 1
You can buy one ready to erect or you
can build one yourself..
Gall on tho extension department ol
your state agricultural college foi
assistance you may need, or write to
tho United States Department of Ag-
rlculture, Washington, D. 0., for bills
of material with full specifications for
silos of different dimensions. This
government help costs farmers noth
ing.
DO WHAT THE ROMANS DO.
It Is not always necessary to g
live in Rome to do as the
Romans do or did.
History tells of Roman farm- i
ers who carefully chopped lino $
their various green, succulent
i
5 feeds and packed them In pits
4j for use during the winter sen
X son. Tho practice seems to have
been common, and tho feed kept
Avell. From those enrly times
it nas neen goou practice to store
various green crops In pits or
air-tight containers for feeding
to stock. The silo Is tho present
day result, and a farmer who
raises live stock, be they cattle,
sheep or hogs, cannot afford to
be without one. The advantages g
,.r 41... clln ...... r. f
UL viiu niiti tin: iiuiuuiuim, iiul
some of tho more Important are:
Green, succulent feed Is avail
able throughout the year.
A slip stores more feed for less
cost than any other farm build
ing. The feed Is handy for use.
Treating Heated Horses.
Do not bleed horses that have fallen
from sunstroke or heat exhaustion.
Apply ice or very cold water to tho
head and spine. Give half an ounce of
enrbonate of ammonia In one pint of
water as soon as the animal Is able
to swallow freely. Repent the doso
In one hour if the pulse has not be
come slower. Showering the horse
with cold water from a hose Is good
treatment and should be repented until
tho body temperature Is reduced to
103 degrees Fahrenheit. It helps In
some cases to rub the legs briskly with
wisps of hay or straw.
After tho horse has again become
able to eat readily, specialists of tho
United States department of ngrlcul
tu re advise that the following doso
of tonic be given In his feed for n
few days each morning nud evening
Sulphate of Iron, one dram ; gentian,
three drams; red dnchonn bark, two
drams, mixed In the feed.
Needs and Habits of Sheep.
The needs and habits of sheep differ
widely from those ci horses, cattle and
swine, but present no problems that
will not be met by Interested study
and observation supported by satisfac
tory returns.
up us the ship keeled over badly damaged, and then In the confusion slipped
away scot free with both his boats. Last December he torpedoed two Aus
trian battleships In Trieste harbor.
Rlzzo Is a Sicilian. lie wns born
Like many Sicilians, ho comes of a fnmlly of sailors nnd so, when only a lad,
fell naturally Into the sea service, joining tho merchant marine. Ho fared
far, at one time operating a Roumanian steamer on tho Danube nnd the Black
sea, and had ninny adventures which developed that sudden surcness and reck
less caution which war has focused Into
When Italy declared wnr against Austria ho was called homo and made a
sublieutenant of reserves, and In May, 1915, he was raised to n full llcutennucy.
HEADS POLISH
Mme. Paderewska, wife of Ignace
Pndcrewskl, the distinguished mu
sltinn, Is president of the Polish White
Cross and through her efforts tho or
ganization In this country hns recently
recruited n unit of nurses for service
In France.
These nurses are of splendid ma
terial and received tholr training nt
St. Vincent's and St. Francis' hospitals
In New York. Among them nre ten
graduate nurses and a number of
practical nurses. They are bended by
Miss Mary Suchowskl, a young woman
of much ability and experience.
Only Ave of these nurses were
born In this country. Some were born
under German rule and these have
distinct recollections of Hun cruelty
and Injustice, which now steel them to
serve tho cause nil the better.
Mme. Paderewska devotes her en
ergy and enthusiasm to the Polish
Whlto Cross nnd her husband devotes
his time to relief work for Poland and Its re-estnbllshtnent. Through his
efforts many thousands of valiant Poles are on the fighting line In France, help
ing to hold the "Frontier of Freedom."
GALLANT SURGEON HONORED
der a terrlllc shellflre. Doctor Farwell, at his own request, was relieved from
sea duty last year and detailed with tho United States marines when theso
troops were sent to France eight months ago. lie has been In charge of n
front-line hospital during the recent heavy lighting in which the American
marines have covered themselves with glory, lie entered tho service 14 years
ago, hus risen rapidly, and Is known ns ono of the most skillful young surgeonB
In the navy.
t
WANTS GREAT
W. n. Workman, genernl manngcr
of the Hundley-Pago company, Ltd.,
of London, himself an American, has
come to the United States to promote
his plan for the construction of 10,000
bombing airplanes, which would bo
piloted across the Atlantic by Ameri
can aviators and then used to shower
explosives on German-held territory.
In his proposal as made to the
war department and the aircraft board
Mr. Workman said ho believed the
planes could be built by April 1, 1019,
und that they would go fur toward
bringing the wnr to an enrly end. He
added :
"Twenty thousand pilots could
euslly be trained by May 1, 1018, to fly
the Atlantic. All wo need aro 4,000
in December, nnd 4,000 each month
thereafter, with thoso who have al
ready been trained. I understand that
there are 40,000 applications to the
army und uavy authorities to Join the
iiynig forces."
The llrst Amcrlcan-bullt piano of
completed und christened tho Iingley.
Italy has a mighty hunter, a young
sailor who pursues neither men nor
beasts, nor yet submarines, hut dread
naughts. Already ho has four In his
bag, and two of them certainly will
never furrow the Adrlntlc again. Ho
Is Commander Lulgl ltlzzo, knight of
tho Military Order of Savoy.
On tho night of June 10, two Aus
trian battleships of tho Vlrlbls Uultls
type stolo from tho great Austrian baso
at Tola, surrounded by a wheeling fleet
of ten destroyers. ltlzzo with two lit
tle torpedo boats was cruising through
tho morning mist off the lower const.
Glimpsing the Austrian ships looming
up vaguo and gray, ho ordered full
power ahead, darted through n gap In
tho shielding lino of destroyers,
slammed a torpedo homo against tho
side of tho 20,000-ton Szent Istvnn,
saw It sinking, launched another tor
pedo at tho following dreatlnnught,
watched a huge column of spray shoot
at Mllnzzo only thirty-two years ago.
such high lights.
WHITE CROSS
Surgeon Wrey G. Farwell, U. S. N.,
ono of the Americans cited for valor In
Franco, Is a Wnshlngtonlnn and Is
very popular In army and navy circles
there. lie is a son of Dr. and Mrs. W.
G. Farwell, U. S. N., and his wife, for
merly Miss Virginia Schaefer, Is living
at the Washington navy yard with her
mother, Mrs. Benjamin White, and her
uncle, Dr. Edward 1 Green, U. S. N.
Brief cabled reports from General
Pershing's headquarters state that
Doctor Farwell was with Col. A. W.
Cntllu, U. S. M. C, when 'that olllcor
wns severely wounded on tho firing
line, and gavo first aid to the stricken
mnn. After his wounds had been
dressed by Surgeon Farwell, Colonel
Cntltn was carried to tho rear by Capt.
Trlbot Elasplerre of tho French army
and Sergt. Sidney Colford of New
York city, who were at his side when
he was hit. This, according to tho
cabled reports, was accomplished un
BOMBING FLEET
the Handley-Page type wub recently
it Js designed for a transatlantic fflebt.
A New Food Conoervatlon Center With an Audience; Note tho Part Under
tho Table.
COMMUNITY WAR
KITCHENS LBK
Spring Op Around Country Liko
Mushrooms to Meet Sud
den Need for Food.
AID IN CONSERVATION PLANS
Women Meet In Groups to Can and" Dry
and Learn Dest Methods of Saving
Homo Demonstration Agents
Supervise.
War emergency kitchens of all sorts
nnd descriptions have sprung up over
tho country llko mushrooms to meet
tho sudden need for community food
centers. They aro places where
definite Information nnd Instruction
may bo given to help women In their
conservation problems, nnd where can
nlng, drying nnd war cooking may bo
demonstrated and put Into practice.
The canning kitchen Is tho most com
mon of the now community enter
prises. Within a your It has passed
tho experimental stage and has become
nn estnbllshcd Institution. Reports
from 51 kitchens in widely- scattered
sections of the United States record
tho saving of 203,527 quarts of fruits
and vegetables In 1017.
Tho kitchens have been organized
nnd financed In various ways. Expcn
ses have been taken care of by school
boards, bonrds of trade, business men's
associations, local committees of tho
council of nntlonnl defense, lonns from
banks or from Individuals, gifts from
Individuals nnd membership fees,
Some of the kitchens arc mainly edu
cational, nnu to tliem the womnn
brings her own materials to can or dry
unuer supervision. A row take enro
of surplus or donated products only,
Another type combines both phases of
the work, canning donated surplus as
well ns giving Instruction und helping
Individuals. Tho most complete type,
however, Is the all-thc-ycar kitchen
a real community center which com
bines with tho other features the sale
of cooked foods and an exchange for
the sale of hume-mudc products.
Work In Grange Kitchen.
a urnuge Kiieiieu nouseti one can
ning center In a small New York vil
lage last summer. Tho equipment
which cost less than $100, Included u
drier, a sterilizer, an oil stove, a tin
charcoal stovo and capping nnd tip
ping Irons. The whole community co
operated In making the center a suc
cess a local firm allowed wholcsalo
prices on tin cans, grocers donated sur
plus perlshablo products and the vil
lage children gathered much of tho pro
(luce, uuring tno rusu Benson, pens
and benns wero sent to elderly women
who could not leave homo. They pre
pared the vegetables for canning and
wero glad to be able to give their serv
Ices In this way.
City community canneries have ban
died large quantities of products from
mnrkets nnd school gardens. In Snlt
Lake City the cannery was placed in
the market house. This mado It possl
lile for women to buy their fruit and
vegetables In the market and can
them at tho center while still perfectly
fresh.
A municipal kitchen was established
In New Orleans, Ln., Inst August,
where groups of housekeepers, bakers,
hotel men and groccrymen mado ex
periments In substitute breads nnd dis
cussed methods of food conservation.
From this Idea war kitchens have been
equipped In 78 of Uuj southern cities,
nnd women of email towns and county
seats reading of tho work being carried
on ln these centers aro equipping kitch
ens In court houses, school houses and
vnrlous public buildings. In Arkunsas
nnd Mississippi .home-demonstration
kitchens arc at work in more than half
the counties In each state.
Whllo drying wns something of an
experiment last year, several commu
nity drying plants wero estnbllshcd nntl
this summer finds this brnnch cnlnrged.
Many of tho canning kitchens which
had no drying facilities beforo havo
Installed driers, and it Is expected that
tho returns In dried products will show
n largo lncreaso over thoso of Inst sum
mer.
Ilome-dctnonstratlon agents and
lenders ln boys' and girls' club work
of the United States department of
agriculture and tho state agricultural
colleges havo been nctlvo In tho work
of theso kitchens, ln many cases super
vising the enterprises nnd taking
charge of the demonstrations.
Appeal to Foreign-Born.
Several kitchens for cooked food
wero started In cities lnst winter by
urban home-demonstration agents.
Most of Uiem nro loented ln tho poorer
sections, where they reach a largo num
ber of forclgu-born people. Soup nnd
slmplo-cooked foods nro supplied at a
nominal charge, to bo eaten In tho
kitchen or carried home. Recipes of
tho dishes aro distributed at tho saino
time. Agents find this an unusually
cffcctlvo way of demonstrating to for
eign-born residents. Milk stations aro
run In connection with somo of tho
kitchens, nnd bottled milk is sold nt
cost
With a more complctb mobilization
of women for food production and food
preservation tho demands for commu
nity kitchens havo Increased propor
tionately nnd new centers nro being
estnbllshcd continually, many under
tho expert direction of homo-demon-
strntlon ngents. In addition to tho
actual saving of food, . tho kitchens
keep tho conservation movement con
stantly beforo tho public ln a con
structive wny and relievo pressuro of
homo work at n busy season. They
provide trained supervision In tho pur
chasing and preparation of food nnd
demonstrate tho newest methods anil
tho advantages of efllclcnt equipment.
And best of all, they promote socia
bility, democracy and good fellowship
nnd ndd now Impetus to tho co-opera-tlvo
llfo of tho community.
'J-J..!,.l,.l,.l..!.J..t.J.Jt..t.4,.f.,!..t..l.,.,!..!J.J.'-
ONE COMMUNITY CANNERY f
SAVES 47,000 QUARTS. X
After all homo containers had
been filled and tons of fresh
foods had been trucked away to
near-by towns, tho community
cannery In Gooding county,
Idaho, saved 47,000 quarts of
fruits and vegetables lnst sun
mcr. Only that part of tho prod
ucts which would havo been
wnstcd was taken to tho can
nery. This consisted of 18,300
quarts of Elberta peaches, 10,000
quarts of tomatoes, 0,000 quarts
of apples, 5,000 quarts of corn,
U.000 quarts of string beans, 1,
000 quarts of tablo beets, 1,000
quarts of plums, 1,000 quarts of
apricots, 500 quarts of peas, 100
quarts of cherries, 100 quarts of
pumpkins. Flvo thousand quarts
of fresh beef,, mutton, pork nnd
chicken were also canned,
Apple Dutter With Grape Juice.
If a grnpu llavor Is desired ln apple
butter It may bo obtained by tho use
of grape Juice. To each gallon of peel-
'cd and sliced apples, cooked Into sauce-
and strained, ono pint of grapo Juice,
ono cupful of brown sugar, and one
quurter of a tcuspoouful of salt should
be added. Thoso should cook slowly
and be stirred often for two hours or
until of tho desired thickness, then stir
iu ono teaspoonful of cinnamon and
pack hot ln hot containers and steMllxo
as directed for other applo butter.
Using Preserved Eggs.
Fresh, clcun eggs, properly pre
served, can bo used satisfactorily for
all purposes in cooking, and for the
table When on egg preserved ln wa
ter glass Is to bo bulled, a small hole
should bo mado ln tho shell with a
pin at tho largo end before placing It
in tho water.