THIS SEMI-WEEKLY TWIBUHK. NOKTM WLATTg. NEBRASKA.
MfElffi
ns.1- ' ' " ' Tl
The Housewife and the War
1 -
EMM
Helpiig the Meat and Milk Supply
(Special Information Bcrvlco, United States Department ot Agricultures.)
LAWNS AS SHEEP PASTURES.
On Such a Lawn as This, Sheep Not Only Are Profitable and Beneficial as Weed
Eradlcators, but They Are Highly Ornamental as Well.
CHEME TO FEED
WASTE TO SHEEP
Opportunity Offered on College
Grounds, In Parks and on
Large Private Lawns.
MARE MONEY OUT OF FLOCKS
Saving Also Made In Mowing and Weed
Eradication Investigate Before
Launching Into Enterprise.
There are thousands of places In the
United States where grass -Is now go
ing to waste that would support small
flocks of sheep. Among such places
are public parks, golf courses, private
estates with largo lawns, and college
grounds. Over most of these areas
a lawn mower Is run regularly to keep
down the grass. If a flock of sheep
were substituted for the lawn mower
not only would the grass be utilized
for food production but the labor now
necessary to keep the grass cut would
bo released for other and more essen
tlal war work.
Of course, considerable care needs
to be exercised In the matter of stock
lne such onen areas with sheep. Tho
creation of a big demand for animals
for this purpose so as to Interfere se
riously with normal market conditions
would not bo desirable. The United
States department of agriculture ad
vises persons charged with the core
ot such properties to consider putting
In some sheep, but to Investigate condi
tions thoroughly before they embark
In the enterprise. The nnlmal hus
bandry division of the department will
be glad to answer requests for Infor
mation, and has a number of publica
tions on the subject available for free
distribution. 'iaWRSSgw
Treasure and Profit iSS
It is believed that In many instances,
particularly on the large golf courses
and at educational Institutions having
extensive grounds, sheep raising could
be practiced In such manner as to bring
a large measure both of pleasure and
profit. This should be particularly
true on school grounds where ordinar
ily some member of the faculty Is u good
enough animal husbandman to give
thera the proper care. In any event, It
Is a matter worthy of careful consid
eration. The gross annual returns
from ewes of breeding ago may bo ex
pected to range as high as $20 a head.
Tho fleece from one Bhefip averages
from five to elght,pounds and Is now
selling for from 50 to 65 cents a pound.
One Iamb to each ewe Is a conserv
ative estimate. The lamb at live
months will weigh approximately CO
pounds and be worth probnbly 20 cents
a pound. A flock of 20 ewes such as
could be malntolned on u good-sized col
lege campus might be expected, there
fore, to yield an annual profit of ap
proximately $350, which would go a
good way toward endowing a lecture
ship. Weed Eradication.
Aside from the question of direct
profit, sheep would be useful on such
' lawns In eradicating weeds. For sev
ernl years the Kansas state agricul
tural college spent over $480 a year
on the college cauipus In an effort to
erudlcato dandelions. About three
years ago tho animal husbandry de
partment was short of pasture for Its
sheep and suggested to the college au
thorities that If the money formerly
spent for dandelion eradication were
turned over to them they would under
take to get rid of tho dandelions by
grazing tho sheep on the campus. To
day there are practically no dandelions
on tho Kansas agricultural college
grounds. The same thing would bo
truo on any other largo lawn. In prac
tically nil nises, on ordor to keep them
out of flower beds and shrubbery,
tJiH-p iniit be herded. This can be
done, however, by unskilled labor, even
by small children, and the expohso
need not bo largo.
Illustrious Example.
People who Install sheep on lawna
will be following nn Illustrious exam
ple. For many weeks now a small
flock of sheep has been grazing on the
White House grounds, converting tho
grass which was formerly wasted Into
good meat nnd wool, and Incidentally
keeping down weeds that were a source
of endless trouble. It has been found
that the sheep are not only useful but
ornamental. Many thousands of peb
plo have been attracted by the pretty
picture of tho fleecy nnlmals In Presi
dent Wilson's yard.
SHEEP AS BENEFACTORS
A hundred times you have no
ticed and been annoyed by the
man, horse and little moving ma
chine going about clipping tho
grass on the golf course.
Sometimes you have noticed
another fellow, or a group of fel
lows, going over the course,
bending, prodding in tho grass
with little trowel-like tools.
Annoying? Yes; but. In the
ordlnury course of things, nec
essary. The grass has to be kept
short and smooth for your com
fort and convenience. And the
ugly weeds have to be rooted
out Still all of that work has
to bo paid for out of the dues
of tho members.
And, after all, the whole busl
nessi annoyance and expense
might bo avoided. 'A flock of
sheep would keep the grass clip
ped as closely and as neatly as
tho mower does and the sheep
would eradicate tho weeds much
moro certainly thnn the prodding
fellows possibly can.
Besides, they would convert
tho grass and weeds Into meat
and wool to help the nation
through nn emergency In which
It badly needs both meat and
wool. . ,
Make Waste Into Meat
The keeping of a reasonable numbct
of sheep on the average farm does nol
necessitate the keeping of fewer dairy
cows or other grazing stock. This facl
was determined by the United States
department of agriculture In Its recenl
Investigation ot sheep raising possi
bilities In New England. It wns found
that farms where sheep are kept sue-,
ccssfully have pructlcully the sam
number and kinds of other live stocb
as other farms of like area where no
sheep are kept, and that the acreage
In crops on the two classes of farms
Is substantially tho same. The Infer
ence is that the farmer who keeps nd
sheep is simply throwing away enough
pasturage thnt cows nnd other live'
stock do not utilize to net him a neat
profit.
Fighting Animal Tuberculosis.
In April, 22,402 cattle were tested
for tuberculosis In tho tuberculosis
eradication work of the bureau of an
imal Industry, United States depart
ment of agriculture. This number wns
8,401 moro than were tested In tho
preceding month. The tuberculosis
control measures are to bo applied, In
co-operntlon with state authorities and
live stock owners, along three lines-
eradication of tuberculosis from pure
bred herds, eradication from clrqum-
scribed areas, and eradication from
swine. In the -beginning efforts nro
being concentrated on eradication of
th.0 disease from purebred herds.
Cold Storage Space.
In view of the heavy demands for
cold storage spaco growing out of wnr
shipments, the bureau of markets of
the United States department of agri
culture is making Burveys of spucq
available for the cold storage of but
ter and eggs throughout tho United
States.
CHERADAME'S
Andre Cheradnmc. recognized nu
thorlty on pan-Qermnnlsm, lays beforo
tho allies a daring plan for organizing
scientifically n revolution against pan
Germany within Its very boundaries.
Ho Is confident thnt 60,000,000 Germnn-
hntlnc pcodIo of Bohcmtn. Gallcln.
Herzogovlnn, Trnnsylvariin, Bukowlnn
ana Poland can bo aroused to nctlvo
rebellion nnd Uint they can bo supplied
with arms and ammunition by squad
rons of glnnt airplanes Hko the Ca
pronls. This, says M. Cheradamc, is
tho sure way to end the war.
When Andre .Chcrndamo states
facts about middle Europe and tho
Balkans ho speaks as a very high au
thority on such questions. Also, when
he suggests a practical course of ac
tion based on thoso facts he demands
most serious attention as a man whoso
previous foresights, enunciated In
minute' detail through moro thnn two
decades, have been strikingly and
completely borne out by tho course of events. Thirteen years beforo the wnr
came, Cheradamc, from Investigations made on the ground, not merely pre
dicted Its coming, but In his book, "Europe and tho Question of Austria on tho
Threshold of the Twentieth Century," foretold precisely tho strategy which
Germany would pursue to bring her to the position she holds today, with her
prewar alms more than nine-tenths attained. Ten years beforo tho collapse of
Itussln, Chcrndnme, from studies made on the ground, pointed out In his book,
"The World nnd tho Russo-Jnpnneso War," that Itussln was eliminated for at
least n generation ns a military power and would crumble if put to tho test. In
both cases his statements were treated with mildly superior scorn.
L --, , . iiMirnmirB fiMinjn hiiiiim nn nwiinr
SEES TRAGEDY OF FRENCH BABIES
W i w
When she first went to France last August it was with no Idea of remain
ing. She had been practicing medlclncin her homo city of Portland, Ore., for
n good many years Incidentally having held the post of health commissioner.
She went East to attend the 1017 annual convention of tho Medical Women's
National association, nnd that organization asked her to mako tho trip to
Franco to report on tho needs of French women nnd children nnd the ways in
which American women physicians could help. She went, nnd Joined the Red
Cross staff.
ANOTHER BIG
When James A. Farrell, president
6f the United Stntes Steel corporation,
was selected for the position of direc
tor of operations of the shipping board,
the steel industry felt a man had been
chosen who is pre-eminently fitted to
handle a job involving a knowledge of
shipping. Through his development of
the foreign trade of the Steel corpora
tion ho has acquired Information nnd
experience which will be of great bene
fit in increasing the government's ca
pacity jor transporting men nnd sup
pllesto the EuropeTin war front.
Born at New Haven, on Februuy
15, 1803, Mr. Farrell started his steel
career In a wire mill while he was yet
In his teens. While his work In the
shops was considered satisfactory ho
gained an early reputation ns a sales
man with the Pittsburgh Wire com
pany. Soon ufter this concern was
taken over by the American Steel and
Wire company, Mr. Farrell was made
general sdlesmanager. He filled this position with such success that when tho
company decided to enter the foreign Held he was offered and accepted tho
post ot foreign Bales ngent,
When, the Steel corporation absorbed the American Steel and Wire com
pany ho continued In the same capacity, and finally upon tho organisation of
the United Stntes Steel Products company he was made Its head, from which
position he jumped to tr.e presidency
LEADER OF
Moravia, und In 1872 commenced to study at tho University of Vienna, Mn?uryk
knows the United States well. Ho cuue here for the first time In 1878 to get
acquainted, at flrst hand, with the greatest democracy of tho world.
great idea
"Can you Imagine anything more
pitiful thnn tho lives of children who
have never known anything but war7
Is there anywhere on God's green
earth n moro dreadful tragedy than
fiio tragedy of a blighted childhood?"
asked Dr. Esther Lovejoy on return
ing from Red Crbss work In France.
"I havo spent six months In tho
nearest approach to hell that exists, 1
believe, in or out of tho teachings of
the theologians the hell where babies
aro born to hear tho sound of bursting
shells ns their Introduction to this
world of ours, where llttlo ones learn
their mother tongue only furtively nnd
in whispers, where children must learn
to wear their llttlo gas masks as soon
as they learn to walk, where suspicion
nnd fear rule and lovo nnd confidence
aro not. And I'm going back again to
stay until the GerniRn army and Ger
man Ideas nnd belffs are wiped off
the faco of the earth."
MAN ENLISTED
X
of the Steel corporation.
BOHEMIANS
Dr. Thomas G. Masoryk, presl
dent of the Czecho-Slovak National
council, which Is also a provisional re
publican government for Bohemia
had a conference with President Wil
son recently, and soon thereafter tho
administration announced that Amer
ica supported the aspirations of Bo
heralu for independence from Austrlu
Doctor Mnsaryk is a Czech, pro
fessor In tho University of Prague nnd
deputy for Moravia to tho Vienna par
liament. Shortly after tho world war
broke out he fled from Austria nnd bo
came a lender of tho Czecho-SIoyak
revolution against Austria.
Masaryk was born in 1850 In Mo
ravin, In tho snmo district in which 300
years earlier was born that great
teacher of nntloas, John Amos Co
meatus, nis father was a coachman
nnd Thomas wns destined to becorno u
blacksmith, but nt tho uge of fifteen
he entered tho gymnasium of Brno,
vv, . 0&2Br
to r7wai
(Special Information Borvlco, Vnltod States Department of Agriculture
EAT FREELY OF ASPARAGUS.
This Excellent Food, Available for Only
Most of While
ASPARAGUS MOST
DELICIOUS DISH
Housewife Should Make Most of
Vegetable While It Is Avail
able for Use.
MOTS GIVE GOOD ADVICE
k. ... . - . . 1 All M
Numerous ways or serving, ah i i
Which Aro Excellent Stand In
Pitcher of Cold Water to Re
move All Bits of Sand.
Tho only had thing about asparagus
Is that it doesn't Inst long enough.
Therefore, mnko the most of this de
licious vegetable while it is here.
Serve it ns often ns posslbld In your
meals. If you have an asparagus bed
put up a few Jars for winter use.
There nre numerous ways of serving
asparagus all of them good, new,
tender, Juicy stalks of uniform size
nro very nttractlve served whole. A
good way to?removo tho bits of sand
which collect under the scales Is to
stand the bunch of asparagus tips
down in a pitcher of cold water for
an hour. Wash each stalk carefully,
then tlo In a bundle with nil -of tho
tips in tho same direction. Cook in a
deep pan, the stalk ends down as they
nro tougher. Cover with boiling salted
water and cook for about 20 to 80
minutes. Remove from tho water Just;
as soon as tender, tako off tho smug,.
butter, and serve on a platter.
If the asparagus is not of uniform
length or size It 1b better to cut It
into pieces before cooking. Cook un
til tender nnd serve with n white
sauce. Asparagus served In this way
resembles green peas In flavor nnd Is
sometimes called "asparagus peas."
A popular way of cooking asparagus
In the past has been to cut It In pieces,
boll It In water ana serve with nutter
or cream sauce on toast. This re
quires bread, however, which w nre
trying to snve. Tho following Is .a
good substitute method and by It every
portion of both rice and usparagus Is
used. -
Asparagus With Rice.
To each pound of asparagus allow
one-half cupful of uncooked rice, ono
level tcaspoonful of salt, one and one
half cupfuls of water and a rounded
tnblespoonful of fat. Uso a double
boiler. Cut the harder portions of the
asparagus, which has been washed
carefully to remove suud, Into one-qunrter-lnch
pieces nnd cook them In
snlted water twenty minutes In the
top of tho' double boiler directly on the
stove, not over hot wnter. Add tho
remainder of the- asparagus cut into
inch pieces and the rice. Cook over
hot water until both asparagus and
rice nre soft. Add tho butter. If tho
rlco Is lifted carefully when thero Is
need of stirring, the asparagus keeps
Its form, nnd in spite of being cooked
with a cereal retains Its freshness and
Juiciness. This Is a simple yet very
palatable dish.
Any left-over portion may bo served
cold on lcttuco with a French dress
ing for salad.
Don't neglect to serve your family
with cream of asparagus soup several
times during the nspnragus season.
To mnko it, grind several stalks of
raw asparagus through the food chop
per, taking care to save all tho Juice,
Put a half cupful of tho ground pulp
Into the ton of n double holler and
boat over boiling wnter. Add n qunj-t
of skim milk nnd thicken with five
tonspoonfula of cornstarch mixed with
a tablespoonful of melted fat. Season
with salt and pepper.
Why not utillzo the nsparngus In Its
season to lend flavor to substitute
dishes? When combined with milk
nnd eggs It makes a very nutritious ns
well as palatable dish suitable fQr tho
main dish of a meal.
Asparagus Souffle.
Cook n bunch of asparagus cut Into
pieces In boiling suited water until
soft. Mash to a pulp or grlnd'through
u food chopper. Mako a whlto euuco
by melting ono tablespoonfol of fat In a
a Limited Tim:, Should Da Made the
It Lasts. ,
saucepan, stirring into It one-half ten
spoonful of cornstarch, one-qunrter
tcaspoonful of pepper, onohnlf ten
spoonful of unit, and adding pne-hnlf
cupful of milk. Stir until smooth nnd
cook until thick. Add tho nspnrngtts
pulp to Uie white sauce. Beat the
yolks o three eggs until thick nnd
lemon colored and ndd to first mix
ture. Beat whl to of eggs very etlff
and fold in. Turn Into buttered bak
ing dish and bnko In a moderate oven
until firm to tho touch.
: HOW TO USE ASPARAGUS
Uso it often while you can
get It
Servo it plain for a vegetable
or salad.
Comblno It with milk and eggs
nnd cereal.
It makes u satisfying meat
substitute.
Preparations for Canning.
Tho first steps in all canning, says
the United Stntes department of ag
riculture, consist in the preparation
and cleaning of containers nnd In tho
preparation of tho productB to bo
canned by washing, paring, trimming,
and cutting Into pieces where division
Is necessary.
Those engaged in the work should
sturt with elenn hnnds, clean utensils,
clean, sound, fresh products, and pure,
clean, soft water. No vegetables or
fruits which aro withered or unsound
should bo canned. If possible, only
fruits nnd vegetnbles picked the day
of canning should be used. Peas and
corn, which lose their flavor rapidly,
should bo canned, In fact, within five
hours if a choice product Is desired.
Before the prepnratlon of the prod
ucts Is begun the containers should
be washed. If glass or crockery jars
nre used they should bo placed in a
yessel of cold water over a fire to
heat They will then be hot and
ready for uso when tho products havo
been prepared for packing.
All grit and dirt should be washed
carefully from the materials to be
used. All products should be graded
especially for ripeness. Large fruits
and vegetables should bo pared if
necessary, nnd smnll fruits, berries,
and greens picked over carefully.
Lima as a Disinfectant
The simplest things nre the tilings
most likely to bo forgotten. It Is
never out of placo, therefore, at this
season of the year for all of us to
refresh our memories to the fact thut
ordinary qutckllmo Is ono of tho best
und cheapest of disinfectants. To two
pounds of unslaked llmo a pint of
Wnter Is added. When tho lumps
havo crumbled and the heat genernted
In tho process of slaking hns disap
peared, there is udded four" volumes
of water to ono -of the slaked llmo,
mnklng tho mixture known ns "milk
of llmo." It furnishes ono of the
best of disinfectants for sick-room
discharges. Whitewashing fences,
pens nnd tho Interior of outhouses
with It tends to render them more
sanitary. The unslaked lime scat
tered about dairy barns, lots and
yards simplifies tho problems of sani
tation. Experimental Kitchen.
An experimental kitchen, whero sub
stitutes for wheat are being tested,
has recently been established and
equipped by t,ho ofilco of homo eco
nomics, United Stntes department of
agriculture. In this kitchen some of
tho good old recipes which were in
uso 50 to 75 years ago, when corn,
buckwheat, ryo nnd barley were in
more common uso, nro being revised
nnd standardized, and nqw recipes in
which wheat substitutes play an Im
portant purt are tested nnd standard
ized. A group of women laboratory
specialists and housekeepers with
special training work side by side In
the new kitchen. Beforo u recipe Is
made public It must not only pass tho
test of the laboratory specialists but
must also meet the test of actual ex
perience In the hands of n housckccp-i
er who studies It for Its practical
value In the average kitchen.