THE SEMI-WEEKLY TRIBUNE. NOBXH PLAIIE. MELBRA&KA.
W
BREEDING TURKEYS ON FARM
Surprisingly Small Number of Fowls
on Farms More Could and
Ought to Be Raised.
Prepared by the United States Depart
ment of Agriculture.)
Itnlse more turkeys on tlio faun. It
can be done with Uttlc additional out
lay, and ninny more turkeys could and
should be raised.
The small number of turkeys per
farm in the United States is surpris
ing. According to the census of 1910,
-which is the latest census that has
lieen tnken, only 13.7 per cent of tho
total number of farms reported any
turkeys at all and on these fanfur re
portlne turkeys, an average of but
Profitable. Type for Any Farm.
slightly over four breeding turkeys was
found per farm. There are some farms
which by tho nature of the crepa
.grown on them or because of unfavor
able surroundings are not adapted to
turkey raising, but most farms tiro
Adapted to turkey raising and could
easily handle a breeding flck of from
10 to 15 hen turkeys and a torn, rais
ing from 75 to 150 turkeys each year
jxt a good profit.
Good prices were paid to the turkey
rrnlser during the past marketing sea
son. On December 15, 1917, the aver
Ago price per pound live weight paid
to the farmer was 30.5 cents in New
York state, 23.7 cents in Illinois, 25
cents in Georgia, 19.3 cents in Texas,
aind 27.1 cents in California. The aver-
Age price throughout the United States
was 23 cents.
BEST POULTRY HOUSE FLOOR
Each Has Its Advantages and Disad
vantages and All' Should Be Care
fully Considered.
(Prepared by the United States Depart
ment of Agriculture.)
In making the floor of tho poultry
house several things must be taken
into consideration. Where tho soli on
which the house is constructed Is light
and well drained, earth floors are satis
factory and economical. Where tho
soil Is heavy and drainage is not good,
as fs usually the case when It contains
much clay, floors made of wood or ce
ment-are generally preferred. Each
Idnd of floor has Us ndvantnges and
-disadvantages, and it is only after the
consideration of nil types should a
poultry keeper make his selection.
A floor of earth needs to bo renewed
at least once a year. If the droppings
that fall upon the floor nre carefully
removed at frequent, regular-intervals,
much of tho earth is removed with
them. If tho regular cleaning of the
floor Is superficial, the earth of tho
floor to a depth of several Inches be-
comes so mixed with droppings that Its
condition Is very insanitary.
When the poultry keeper hns a gar
den, tho manure obtained by removing
tho enrth floor of the poultry house will
compensate for the labor of renewing
the floor, and tho new earth required
an be taken from a convenient spot
on his own land. When the poultry
Iceepcr must pay some one else o
fake away the old earth and bring in
mew, the cost will in n few years ex
ceed the cost of a cemppt floor.
The principal fault of a cement floor
Is that it is likely to be cold and damp.
These conditions may be corrected by
covering the floor to n depth of on
inch or two with dry enrth or sand,
using over this scratching litter of
atraw or shavings. Floors so treated
require ns much routine work to keep
them in good order ns oafth floors, but
tho supply of clean earth required is
much less nnd tho work of annual ren
ovation is eliminated.
Floors of wood uro pot now much
used in poultry houses except when the
space under the floor is high enough to
be occupied by poultry. A wooden
floor close to tho ground soon rots,
while any spoco under a floor not high
enough to bo used for poultry makes
a harbor for rats nnd other vermin.
The wooden floor of n poultry house
should have n light- coating of dry
enrth, sand, chaff or similar material,
to prevent tho droppings of tho birds
from sticking to nnd saturating the
boards.
Save Every Egg.
Every egg which Is the least bit
doubtful must bo snved for market
while it Is good, and not spoiled by In
cubation. Must Have Materials.
A duck that laya an egg must htivo
moterlnls from which to make lnrgo
quantities of protein, but does not re
quire much fattening rood.
x
ALL
FAVOR GOATS AS
MILK PRODUCERS
Interest Growing in Possibilities
of Milk-Producing Breeds
in This Country.
CALLED THE POOR MAN'S COW
In Many Parts of Europe Animals Art-
Used for Milk Supply In Summer
Months While People Are En
joying Vacations.
(Prepared by the United States Depart
ment or Agriculture.)
In this country the goat is usually
regarded simply as a plaything for tho
children, but In some parts of Europe
it Is regarded as the poor man's cow.
A well-known American importer ot
live stock states that "tho goat of
Switzerland is the Swiss peasants
cow, the Swiss baby's foster mother, a
blessing to the sanltnrlums for in
valids, and a godsend to the poor." In
England and in many other parts ot
Europe people who leave the city dur
ing the summer months, cither foi
their country homes or for travel,
often take a milk goat with them In
order to Insure a supply of good milk
of uniform quality. In this country
tho fact that the goat will supply suffi
cient milk for the average family at
low cost and con bo -kept where it Is
impossible to keep a cow, is beginning
to appeal to many people, especially
those in tho small towns nnd In sub
urbs of cities. In this way the milk
goat can be made to relieve the milk
shortage which Is now felt in many lo
calities, i
Adapted to This Country.
The milk goat Is adapted to this
country and the Industry Js likely to
become of greater Importance every
year. The goat Is especially useful to
those who desire a small quantity of
milk and do not have room for and
cannot afford to keep a cow. In fact,
a goat can bo kept where It Is Impos
sible to keep a caw, and will consume
considerable feed that otherwise would
be wasted.
A doe that produces tltrco pints a
day Is considered only a fair milker,
Uroup of Angora Goats.
while the production of two quarts la
good, and the production of three
quarts is considered as excellent,
Goat's milk Is nearly always puro
white. Tho small size of the fat glob
ules Is one of its chief characteristics.
In consequence the cream rises very
slowly and never so thoroughly ns In
the case of cow's milk. If It Is prop
erly produced and handled, it will keep
weet as long as cow's milk, and there
Bhould not be any goaty odor. The
milk can be utilized for the same pur
poses as cow's milk, but is less satis
factory for making butter and perhaps
better for making cheese. i'rnetlcaiiy
oil publications dealing with milk
goats attribute considerable Impor
tance to the use of the miik for in
fants and invalids.
During the last few years a number
of goat dairies have been In operation
In different parts of this country. t
only a few goats arc .kept. It Is n&t
necessary to have much equipment. II
any. Any clean, dry qunrters free.
from drafts may be used for housing
goats. The building should have proper
ventilation, plenty of light, and ar
rangements made so that each goat
can be properly fed and handled.
Feed for Goats.
Goats should receive a liberal quan
tity of succulent feed such ns silage,
mangel-wurzels, enrrots, rutubugas,
parsnips, or turnips. The grain feeds
best suited for their rations nre corn,
oats, bran, barley, and llnseed-oll meal
or oil cake. A ration that has been
used In the government herd, and
which bus proved to be very satisfac
tory for milk goats during the winter
season, consists of t'vo pounds of al
falfa or clover hay, ono and one-half
pounds of silage or turnips, and from
one to two pounds of grain. The grain
ration consisted of a mixture of 100
pounds corn, 100 pounds onts, 50
pounds Iran, nnd ton pounds Unseed
oll men. All feed offered for goats
should be clean and of good quality,
i'louy of rock salt shiruld be kept be
foie them, and occasionally a small
quantity of lino salt m xed with the
grain feed. A good supply of freo.
waUr r.ocensarr,.
jv.i '-. - " Sw : "V.
UNIMPROVED LANDS
TO INCREASE SHEEP
Opportunity for Wool and Mutton
Found on Idle Areas.
United States Should Possess Three or
Four Times Present Number of
Animal Much Assistance In
Winning War.
(Prepared by United State Department
or Agriculture.)
Immediate opportunity for lner6ns-
ing the sheep population ot this coun
try Is found on the rougher nnd Idle
lands of the Appalachian region, the
cut-over timber lands of Wisconsin,
Minnesota and Mlchtgan,xnnd to some
extent those or the south Atlantic ana
Gulf States. Tho acreage of these
areas that Is suitable for sheep is
alone capable of supporting ns many
breeding ewes ns are now kept else
where in the country.
Unimproved land In fnrms also of
fers opportunity for Increasing our
sheep population. Such land amounts
Pastures Are Essential to Sheep Pro
duction.
to nearly half of the total area In
farms. To some extent these lands
nre now In use ns live stock pastures,
but much of the area that Is wholly
Idle would furnish fair summer graz
ing for sheep. Some readjustment
with regard to cropping and the keep-
ing of other stock would he required,
to furnish winter feed, but under ex
isting conditions of farm labor and the
present grain prices this change would
have a favorable effect upon the net
farm Income.
For the greater production of wool
nnd mutton, however, future depen
dence must be placed chiefly upon tho
more general rearing of sheep upon
Improved Innds. The keeping of ono
ewe to each three acres of all land In
fnrms on one-fourth of the 00 per cent
of fnrms now hnvlng no sheep would
double the number now In the country.
Sheep on farms seem to be assured a
larger place, as successful participants
with ot.her stock In the economical and
profitable utilization of the products
of the soil, ns well as producers of
valuable clothing material for which
there Is no complete substitute. Be
fore mnny deendes have passed tho
United Stntes should possess three or
four times the present number of
sheep. A doubling of tho present num
ber within four yenrs Is quite possible,
nnd it would be of most valuable assis
tance to our war interests If such a re
sult could be produced In a shorter
time. Doubling our wool product
would not render us Independent of
wool Imports, but It would furnish nil
that Is needed for mllltnry purposes
and a large part of that needed for
civilian" uses.
REDUCE COST OF LIVING
(Prepared by the United States De
partment of Agriculture.)
Do you want to make extra
money during your spare tlmo
tills summer nt home?
If you consider money snved
Is money made, you enn do It
Put In a half-acre garden.
If well planned and cared for
properly, It will produce far
more vegetables than tho aver
age family enn consume.
That menns a supply of a vurl-
ety of fresh vegetables for tho
tnble a reduction In the cost of
living.
WATCH FOR PLANT DISEASES
Food-Products Inspectors Are Report-
ing Disorders Found In Shipments
of Vegetables.
T.. - . - - ITI... r. .. .
ment or Agriculture.)
To detect local outbreaks of diseases
of vegetables and fruits which wlu-v.
uncontrolled cause heavy losses In the
field or in transit, the food-products
inspectors of the United Stntes depart
ment of agriculture are rcportlug dis
eases found In shipments of produce
at twenty-three of the tending market
centers of the country, Some of these
inspectors are expert plant patholo
gists and others are mnrkct Inspectors
who hnve been trained to detect signs
of important diseases and rots.
Whenever a shipment shows n seri
ous dlsense or rot, the department at
once notifies Its county agent and other
representatives In the affected locality
and distributes explicit instructions for
overcoming or minimizing future
losses. Tho notification to thq point
of shipment also prevents shippers
from continuing to ship material cer
tain to spoil In transit nnd thus wusi
enr spnee.
This detection of disease, however,
Is largely a by-product of tho market
Inspection niniW at those markets by
tho department to certify to shippers
the condition as to soundness of fruits,
vegetables ami ntliKr food products. ii
authorized by the 2od production act.
approved August 10, 1017.
mm
NATION NEEDS DAIRY CALVES
Dairyman Will De Doing Patriotic
Duty by Developing Heifers Hints
on Care Needed.
(Prepared by the Untted States Depart
ment or Agriculture.)
No dairy calf that gives promise of
a profitable milk producer should be
sent to the mnrkct to bo made Into
ment. Although meat is in demand,
these calves will serve the nation bet
ter if allowed to grow nnd produco
milk and more calves. Tho dairyman,
too, will be doing nt patriotic duty by
developing tho heifers, and In addition
ho will be building up a more profita
ble herd if he uses good Judgment In
caring for his young stock. Careful
attention during tho first two weeks
eftcn menns the difference between a
sickly, undersized, stunted nnlmnl and
a large, well-developed one. when. It
enters tho herd as a milking cow.
Immediately after birth the navel of
the calf should be washed with nn an
tiseptic solution nnd tied with a silk
thread in order to prevent Infection.
For tho first feed the calf should have
the first milk from tho cow nfter calv
ing, nnd should hnve Its mother's
milk for a week thereafter. The soon
er the weaning takes place tho better,
but ordinarily it should not be post
poned Inter than the fourth day. Tho
sooner the calf Is wenned the more eas
ily It is taught to drink. When first
fed from tho pall eight to ten pounds,
or four or five quarts, of milk a day,
fresh and warm from the cow, and di
vided into two feeds, nre sufficient.
The feeding times should bo as nearly
regular as possible, nnd nt first It Is ad
visable to feed more thnn twice a day.
The amount fed should bo constant,
and to Insure this, scales or measur
ing cups should be. used, , as variation
tends to get the digestive organs out
of order. At nil times tho utmost care
should be tnken to prevent nny dlges-
tlvo disorder, ns nil such trouble hin
ders thq thrift nnd development of
tho cnlf. Calf scours is the most com
mon Indication of Indigestion.
Tho following named precautions,
to a great . extent, tend to prevent.
scours :
Feed regularly.
Be sure that the milk Is always
sweet and warm.
In feeding use only clean pnlls.
Feed tho calf a little less ithan it
wants.
Should the calf becoma sick, reduce
tho amount of milk one-hnlf, until the'
nnlmnl has recoverod.
The amount of milk fed can be grad-.
ually Increased until nt the end of
the second week the cnlf receives from
15 to 10 pounds, or three-fourths to two
gallons of milk a day. This tlmo tho
gradual substitution of skim milk for
whole milk may commence. liny and
grain should be placed before the calf
at this period, and It will be found to
Foundation of Dairy Herd.
nibble at them n little. At the end of
the third week the substitution of tho
skim milk will be complete. By slow
changes milk can bo Incrensed there
after until 20 pounds or 2& gullons a
day ore fed ; this amount will be found
sufficient when fed wth the grain and
hay. If skim milk Is plentiful more
may be ?ed, but the added amount will
give proportionately better results.
Comment, bran, and linseed oil men!,
mixed in the proportions of three, two,
nnd one, make nn excellent grain mix
ture. This grain when fed with plenty
of fine clover or alfalfa hay makes an
Ideal supplement to skim milk In bal
ancing tho ration. Calves should bo
allowed nil the grain that they will
eat until they consume three pounds n
dny; from this point the feeder should
use his Judgment as to whether an In
crease Is Justified.
Tho calf, from tho tlmo it Iff two
weeks of age, should always havo
clean, sunny quarters, abundance of
exercise, and access to plenty of clean,
pure wnter.
The general practice is to feed calves,
skim milk for from two to six months.
In the latter case, with fall calves the
time of filial weaning frani milk comes
in the Bprlng, when pastures are ready,
under this system the calves usually
mnke excellent growth during the en
tiro period without nny break In gains.
Feed for Maintenance.
It should be remembered thnt a good
dolry cow requires approximately 00
per cent of her ration to keup nllve
and maintain body weight, while n
poor cow requires an even large nor
tlon for muintenunce.
Ventilation In Stables.
Ventilation In our dairy stubltu la
seldom overdone.
i
To drive a tank, handle tho guns, and
sweep over tho enemy trenches, tnkes
strong nerves, good rich blood, a good
stomach, liver and kidneys. When the
time comes, tho man with red blood Id
his veins "is up and nt it." lie has Iron
nerves for hardships an interest in his
work grips him. That's tho way you
feel when you have taken n blood and
nerve tonic, made up of Blood root,
Golden Seal root, Stone root, Cherry
bark, and rolled into a BUgnr-contod
tablet and sold in sixty-cent vials by al
most nil druggists for past fifty years
ns Dr. Pierce's Golden Medical Discov
ery. This tonic, in liquid or tablet form,
Is Just what you need this spring to
glvo you vim, vigor and vitality. At tho
fag end of a hard winter, no wonder
you feel "run-down," blue, out of sorts.
Try this "Medical Discovery" of Dr.
Pierce's.. Don't wait! To-day Is tho
day to begin 1 A little "pep," and you
laugh and live.
Tho best means to oil tho machinery
of the body, put tono into tho liver,
kidneys nnd circulatory system, is to
first prnctlco a good housc-clennlng.
I know of nothing better ns n laxntlvo
thnn a vegetable pill mado up of Mny
apple, leaves of aloe and jalap. This
Is commonly sold by nil druggists as
Dr. Pierce's Plcnsant Pellets, nnd
should bo taken ot least once a wceic to
clear tho twenty-five feet of Intestines.
You will thus clean tho system expel
tho poisons nnd keep well. Now is
tho tlmo to clean house. Givo yourself
a spring house clennlng. Adv.
HYPNOTISM TAUGHT
Bnnirleo eTorybodri bv a profomor, touch hypno
tism! jflre exhibition. For K11H1I literature sa
il roaa VliOV. l'MTUU 1'. DUtnjiUU. UocMord. 111.
Certain-teed
Roofing
The roof that copes with all conditions.
bpaiss, smoke, E-S. acids or fumes
settle
Canada. Canada's invitation to
a m ii.i a
maiiuoisB, aasMaiCHewaa er Aierui
Sift
farmers to make money and happy, prosperous homes for themselves
by helping her raise immense wheat crops to feed the world.
You Can Get a Homestead of 160 Acres Free
or other lands at very low prices. Where you can fciay geed farm
laHd at $15 to 930 per acre that win raise zo to 45 bhshcis oi 9
wheat te the acre it's easy to become prosperous. Canadian farmers
also grow wonderful crops of Oats, Barley asd flax. Mixed Fam
ing is fully as profitable on industry as grain raising. The excellent
crosses, full of nutrition, are the only food required either
for beef or dairy purposes. Good schools and churches;
markets convenient; climate excellent Write for literature
and particulars as to reduced railway rates to Supt of Im
migration, Ottawa, Canada, or to
W V. BENNETT
Room 4, Bee Bldg., Omaha. Neb.
Canadian Government Agent
Carter's Little Liver Pills
You Cannot be Jtt
Constipated
and Happy
Small PHI
Small Dote
Small I'rlcs
.HQiffW
JssssssssssssssssssssB B
AifSJf5 12.15: BARTER'S IRON PILLS
many colorless faces but VwiilereaUy help moat pale-faced people
OHIO MAN IS A
MODERN WIZARD
CORNS 8TOP HURTING THEN
LIFT OFF WITH FINGERS.
Drop of mjigtcl Doesn't nurt on
bltl Apply n little Frcczono on that
touchy corn, Instantly that com stop!
hurting, then you lift It oft vflth th
flogers. No pain nt nil 1 Try ltt A
Why wait? Your druggist nells a
tiny bottlo of Freezonc for a few
cents, sufficient to rid your feet ot
overy hard corn, soft corn, or corn
between tho toes, and callouses, with
out soreness or irritation. Frecious
Is the much talked of ether discovery
of tho Cincinnati genius, -Adv.
With a Proviso.
Mistress Is your husband a goofl
provider, Geiiovn?
Mild Ho Jcs' ain't nothln' else. Ho
gwlnc to git somo now furniture pro
vldln' ho gits tho money; ho gwlne
to git de money provldln' ho go to
work: ho iro to work tmivldln' do 1ob
i suits htm. I never sec such a provldln
man all malt days."
have no effect on a Girtatn-tetd roof.
ra
$
Kuat cannot corrode Ltrtam-tttd, The heat of the tun
cannot cause it to melt or run. Ctrtain-ttid hat the
ability to resist every form of roofing attack, and the
durability to give year after year of weather-proof ser
vice, with little or no maintenance cost. Ctrtain-leed
offers every practical roofing advantage with a minimum
rooting investment.
In ercry town, city ani ictdon you will And CirtJlm-
md. KtTerywbcre Cttuln-tni l choien loir bulMlnti
of all typci n4 iliet
ler factories, round houses, elevators,
attracts, warehouses, hotels, term
buildings, stores, outbuilding, etc.
In ertlnle red or itn ihloilci. Cnuln-tni Ii ferr
populir tor tciUcncci.
Cturtztetl S, 10 or IS jnn, iccrila OIUcLmu.
Ctmln-ini com If ii than inr ou.cr trr ot roof ArM
coit and Urine coit tow, and maintenance practically
nothing. Ciritln miU mm unmlul than ordinary roU
rooSnf, because It uu min u lu and laiti much loojcr.
Certain-teed Products Corporation
Officii aid Wuikmiti ta Hi frUcliil CUUi t Aatrk
Muiufacturan of
Certatn-tetd Paints Varnuhet
Roofing
that's what thousands of farmers'
say. who have cone from the U. S. to
on homesteads or buy land in Western
every industrious worker to settle in
a . ' tt . .
is especially attractive, one wants
11
Hi
STRANGLES
Or Dlitemper In itallloni, brood mares, colts and alt others ia
meat deitructlve. The germ causing tbo dlfeaee rnuat be re
moved from the body ot tho animal, To prevent tho trouble
the same must be done.
SPOHIN'S COV1POUND
Wilt do both cure the sick and prevent thoae "exposed" from
having the disease, 60 cents and II a bottle; l and $10 tbo
dosrn. All drufretsts. harness houses, or manufacturers.
Ul'OllN MUIllOAI. CO., Manufacturers, Goshen, IntL, V.SJU
A Remedy lhat
Makes Life
Worth Living
Genuine bears sls&iture