THE 8EMI.WEEKLY TRIBUNE, NORTH PLATTE. NEBRASKA. LEADS IN BOND SALES Potash Town of Northwestern Mc braska Makes Record In Lfborty Loan Drlvo. Antloch, the city of poianh, hung tip a record In tho third Liberty loan drlvo 'that 1h urioqualod by any city or town In tho United States, Antloch's quota was set at $11,000. On April 30 subscriptions totalled $28,000 or nine times the sum nllotted to the town. "When the llnal totals wero tabulated Saturday, It wns shown that virtually every mnn In the town had bought one or more bonds. Antloch was founded about two years ago. when It wns found that the brachlsh lakes In tho neighborhood were full or pot 'ash. Its population is nbouL.2.000. 'Static electricity Is said to have caused the explosion of a glanr bal loon at Fort Oraahn which resulted In the death of two soldiers nnd tho In Jury of eighteen JSthers. It was tho first serious accident at tho fort since tho declaration of War. Tho soldiers tilled, Private J. E. Davis, of West Concord, N. II., nnd Private Vincent Ttcnll, o Jessup. Mil., wero horribly burned. Max Knlser, John Fcntroh nnd Ed and Fred Shlpproelt, farmers, wore forced, through a Judgment rendered by tho Blaine county district court, to pay Wnltor lllnke, a farmer hoy, $3',000, for abusing him last June, becnuse he spoke against the knlser and declared his loyalty ,to America. Blako sued for $25,000. ,.,,,, , it -!..:"Stl..l. flng nt tho girls' Industrial homo at Geneva, tho state hoard ofjcontrol an nounced that all extreme corporal punishment In the fifteen stnto lnstl tlons will bo abolished. Kvcry super intendent bus been asked to report on punishments Inflicted nt his Institu tion. A Jury in district court at Teknmah returned a verdict finding former Cashier John E. Elliott of tho now defunct Farmers' bank of Decatur, guilty of receiving a deposit knowing tho bank to bo Insolvent. Tho enso has had several sensntlonnl features. Tho McthodlHts of Iloldrego nro re joicing over the triumphant ending of their now building enterprise. Bishop Gomcr C. Suntz, Just recently, dedi cated their new $45,t)O0 church, ab solutely freo of debt. Secrotnry of Stato Pool reports a continued incrense of business In his ' ofllco during April. Tho cash receipts totaled $0,200.11, nn Increase of SI, 542.13 over tho satno month In 1017. Edward lllcky, Sarpy county stock feeder, was on tho Chicago market recently with twenty-llvo cars of cat tle and bIx londs of" hogs. Tho pro ceeds netted him $11-1,000. Thd 11th annual encampment of Bpunlsh War Veterans, In conjunction with tho Grnnd Army of tho Jtopub lie meeting, will bo held at Seward, May 14, ,15 and 10. The stnto auditor's report shows that during April his department Is sued 4,021 warrants, a total of 5107, B21.48, making 10,803 so far this year, with a total of $2,!l07,lK)0.07. Hall eo,unty farmers havo organ ized a farm bureau and will employ n county agricultural agent, Tho sum nf $2,000 has been appropriated for the work. Somcono entered tho Gretna school houso tho other (lav nnd removed prnctlcally all of tho German books. - - ---- ------- Tho books, valued at many hundred J dollars, wero destroyed. It Is snld Following a meeting In tho Graft school houso near Bnncrqft It was, de cided to erect a now school houso bo fore next fall to cost $1,000. W. N. llcnsley of Columbus has ; been appointed commnndant of tho old soldlem' homo at Mllford by tho Btnto board of control. nnby reglstrntion In Nebraska will begin ofllclally May ID, although In some counties tho work has already begun, Nebrnskn rnnks first In the Tenth Reserve district n tho number of nubscWbcrs to tho tfilrtl liberty loan with 175.000. Work la expected to begin In, the near future on Ansley's now flouring mill. ' Bnnner county doubled its quota In tho third Liberty loan. Two Dodgo county nllen ministers. W. A. Capping and F. G. Schoop wore -t - .1, . . . , ' nS V ,,,mU:h JuU?t I Ttlltmn nt- lrrmrtnnt- linfHiiiun.ttwii' unlit l Button at Fremont, becutisoatbev snld their sympathies wero "on both sides" In tho war. The Judge declared ho would grant no licenses to enemy aliens whose sympathies were not wholly with America. Preliminary plans to rnlso $l,:iO0,000 j in -NonrnsKu ns part or the 100,000. 000 Ked Cross war ffind are being made by State Director Judson. Tho campaign will run from May 20 to 27, Tho state council of defense urges Nebraskans to refrain from tho un dertaking of new Industrial enter prises nnd tho construction of public Improvements and buildings which cannot ho utilized In the prosecution of tho war, Nebraska City's two new school building were dedicated Just recently with hundreds of persons attending tho exercises. , A shipment of hogs from tho Doitgo county poor farm sold, at the South ; Omaha market for $17 n hundred. j Plan to curry Hit iu-r-:igi i" rdliSfirvntlim in tin. Tfininvi i.. u I. I are expected to uttoml tlio 50 or mor. county fairs to bo Jiultl Iti Nebmski. tlilH yojir were adopted nt n confer rtieo between Stnto Komi J.dniliilstrn- tor Wattles, o. V. Jnckson. president or uio Nebraska Aseoclntlon of Coun ty Fairs; 13. R. Dimlelxnn. secretary of tho Nebrnskn state fnlr, nnd C. W. rugsloy, director Of extension, Agrl cultural collie of tho State Unlversl i.r nt.Omahn. Tlint the exhibits nnd educational cninnnlgn will he of un usual benefit to tho people vof Nebrns kn wns the consensus of opinion nt i no ronrcrcnee. Mr. Pugsley will drnft a program to ho used at nil fair. The first response In this state to tno government's cull to consumers to bring hack Hour so that the Ainorlenn sowiers in Franco may have bread to eat, was made hv fn riners nonr I-Jm Creek, when they shinned n full carload of -180 sacks to Omaha, Not only did they return the Hour nt tho call of the government, hut they paid mo rrcjgnt on tho car into Omaha Much Indication k innnlfcHt In Beatrice over tho daubing with yellow paint the residence of Sherman Tnv lor, Jr., who left for Tort Logan with tho Gngo county draft contingent last Thursday, Tito act was caused by a rumor unit he had asked for exemn tlon, A thorough Investigation of the outrago has been started and prose cutions nro expected. The State Council of Defense has ndvlred enemy alien Drenchers nnd teachers who are filing applications in ciirnsKii courts for permission to preach and teach under tho provisions of tho Htato's sedition law, to ceaso ",v "MO "l '" uermnn language tor "".I teaching during tho tno use of the German language for period of tho war. Tho Knox county council of defense adopted a resolution that nil Indl vldnnls should nhstnln from the use of the German language. In all public places, nt home and church, nnd It should not bo taught In the school except where It Is necessary to finish the'ycar's credits. A petition circulated In Dnwson county and signed by many prominent citizens, warns that any man who la actively furthering tho Interest of tho nonpartisan lenguo In the county should bo branded ns nn undesirable citizen. i.'hn M. Whltted, 03, civil war veteran and tho oldest Mason In Ne brnskn, died nt Omaha. Ho had held tho Jordan medal for tho past four year. This medal Is given to tho oldest Mnson In tho state ml when hO dies I It naSSOS on tn thn norf oldest. Farmers In 52 Nebrnskn nm.ntlna hold 200,000 bushels of wheat accord- lag to reports reaching Secretary Borncckcr of tho stnto bonrtl of as sessment. Snllne county hns the most with 17.000 bushels. Phelps Is next with 10,000 bushels. . Tho Pierce county council of de fense hns forbidden the Nonpartisan lenguo to hold meetings In tho county and Its organizers, to solicit for mem bers. The homo guards of tho coun ty nro enforcing tho orders of tho de fenso council. John Gerties, wealthy retired Ger man farmer, chnrged with sedition, was bound over to the district court by Judge Kills nt Ueatrlce. Ills bond was ilxed at ten thousand dollars, which ho .furnished. The Nebranka farmers loyally cOn ferenco held at Lincoln nllopted a resolution fn;orIng immedlnto nation al prohibition and another opposing any peaoo discussion, until autocracy la erushed, ..-!, un uiKiiiiizer nt 1110 Nonpartisan league, was bound over OIK) Denn. nn nrirnnl to tho district court at Pterco by County Judge O. T. Kellv on rhnrirn of violation of tho state sedition act. Tho Nebraska Society of Friends of German Democracy, whoso mem bers, of German birth, nre pledged to work for tho crushing of German au tocracy, was organized at Lincoln. Spring wheat has leon sowed In six northern Nebrnskn counties to tho extent that tho total acreage of fall and spring wheat will bo mora than double .that nf last year. Drafted men, numbering 1,573. will go from Nebrnskn to Cnmp Dodge, Iowa. May 25, as n part of the 2:13,000 called to tho colors, by the War de partment. Tho resolution to Investigate! the activities of the Nonpartisan .league was voted down by the Farmers' con gress at. Its session In Lincoln. Nebraska went "over the ton" In Hia T T I , , ... n4P , , . .HI ,,,D '""iTi.v loan cmnpnign nst iri- lt ws nmW announced at , . . ' stnto headmiurters 'nt Omaha. The state's quota Is $.12,000,000. When the final roturns are all In It Is believed tho total for this state will bo well over tho $40,000,000 mark. Governor Neville has Issued a proc lamation designating Sunday, May 12 iik "Mothers' Day." He suggests thnt each one wear a flower or other In signia In memory and honoV of "our best earthly friend." Through tho efforts of tho Beemer home gunrds, two curlouds of ho-s wero donated by tho farmors of tho surrounding country and shipped to Oinnha. bringing $3,070.51 for tho Hod Cross. F. A. Peterson, county ohntrirnn of Madison county for the third Liberty loan, announces ' thnt tho county doubled Its quota. Winter wheat tn western and north western Nebraska s far above the flVerago In excellence f condition, ac COriilng to railroad crop reports. 1 Recent view in ruined Ypres, objective of the Germans In Flanderc. reviewing n body of Amerlcnn Infantry at the front, 3 One of the huge of the bombing squadrons. VIEW OF THE PAST WEEK Germans Defeated With Awful Slaughter in an Attack on Ypres Salient. PREPARING FOR NEW SMASH Americans Gallantly Repulse Hun As- sault Near Amiens Teutonic "Peace Offensive" Developing Third Liberty Loan Heavily Oversubscribed Plans to Expand Our Army. By EDWARD W. PICKARD. Monday of Inst week was a bitter dny for the Hun the day of his worst dofent since the great spring drive be gan. Under orders from General von Arnlm to take Scherpenberg, Mont Rouge, Mont Noir nnd nil the high ground hnck of Kemmel," the Gcr mnns hurled themselves time after time ngnlnst the stone wnll of Brit ish and French defenders, only to fall back in disorder, leaving thousands of their men dend and wounded on the field. The enemy employed nbout thirty fresh battalions, In nddttlon to the numerous divisions nlrendy In po sition on thnt front, nnd hla onslaughts were so frequent ns to bo nlmost con tinuous throughout the dny. When the morning of Tuesday came ho great numbers of grny-unlformed dead In front of the defending posi tions showed the awful price the Hun had paid. Moreover, ho had nothing to show for this expenditure of life. for tho nllled lines were virtually In tact at nil points, nnd the British late In the afternoon counter attacked north of Kemmel and regained consid erable ground previously lost. Just to tho west of this position, nbout .Locro and at tho cross roads between Scherpenberg nnd Mont Rouge, the French met the fiercest assaults of the day. Chnnglng hands severnl times, .Locro wns held by the Germans at nightfall, and they had pushed ahead until tho situation wns most critical for tho defenders, but the French came hnck with such irresistible dash (thnt the advance was stopped, nnd of fer dark they pushed tho Germans out .of Locre nnd back from the positions .they had won between the two hills. ta in this, the most pretentious itttnck on the Ypres snllent, tho British nnd French, largely outnumbered, fought (with equal gallantry and determina tion. At the same time the brave Belgians, fnrthcr north, repulsed nn othcr nttnek, not yielding a foot of ground. The kaiser had Just visited the German lines and exhorted his troops to push the British back to the channel, "where they belonged," but tho stubborn Tommies didn't wish to be pushed, and they were not. The ilg nttnek probably had the double purpose of capturing Ypres nnd di verting largo numbers of nllled troops from the Amiens snllent so the Ger mnns could mnko another drive there, "but neither object wns attained. The 'artillery flro from both sides wns con tinuous nnd very heavy, and the Ger- hnnns, despite tho excellent work of the airmen, Improved tholr transport and brought up ninny of their large guns. Tho British batteries west of Kemmel devoted, much of their efforts during the week' to deluging tho top of that hill with shells, so that the Huns were unable to obtain any bone fit from Its capture. The Intense nctlvlty observed be hind the German lines Indicated that Von Arnlirt was preparing to resume the attack on the Ypres snllent Imme- dlntqly. Except for Kemmel hill, his troops are occupying lower ground thnn thnt held by tho nllles, and they cannot continue thero long under tho smothering fire of tho British nnd French nrtlllery. If they ennnot gain tho lino of heights they seemingly must soon retire. to Following their disastrous repulse in Flanders, the enemy mnde two at tacks In the Alliens region. The first was directed especially at tho Amerl cnn troops, now revealed as holding positions In the vicinity of Vlllers- Bretonneux, enst of Amiens. After an Intense preliminary bombardment lasting two hours, the Germans ad vanced, three battalions stronir. and hnnd-to-hand fighting ensued nil nlong uio line. The American put up n de fense thnt won the wnrm praise of the French commanders on their flunks, and the Tllins. nfter cnnHlilern ble time, were driven back with heavy loss. Tho losses of the Americans were snld to be rnther severe.. Tho second attack was matin Wed ncsdny night in the Thennes sector. southeast of Amiens, nnd wns ns com plete n failure as the other. ! Already,, the expected Teutonic "peoco offensive" is beginning to de velop, ns It always does nfter the knlser hns won some successes nnd then has been brought to n hnlt. Charles of Austria Is said to have made pence offers to Italy, tho renl' purpose of which is evidently to crer ate discord In Italy and nt the snme time to aulct tho discord mnnnc his own ''subjects. The pope, It is under stood, will put forth pence proposnls on Whitsuntide. Mnv 10. mnklni? con crete offers of mediation by the holy see. Germnny's own offers nre ex pected after another great effort has been made to smash the allied armies in France. This pence offensive will be no less offensive to tho nllles thnn Its prede cessors. They will not bo deceived by ofTeis to restore Belgium nnd to cede Lorraine. Nothing less thnn the ut ter defent of tho central powers will satisfy them, unless there Is nn urt bellevnble chnngo In the state of mind of the governments and the peoples. This )n no less true In America thnn In England nnd Frnnco. The Amerl cnn casualty lists, though still com paratively short, are scattering nil over the country's rnnp little black dots of mourning, ench of which be comes the center of n strengthened do tcrmlnntlon to see the wnr through to complete victory. pa The Austrian emperor Is truly hav ing n hnrdjtlme keeping his subjects to their 'alleglnnce. Froin Serbian sources conies the news thnt the Serbs, Cronts nnd Slovenes In the dual mon archy nre holding n plebiscite on the plan to Join with Serbia and Monte negro In one national Independent state, with ijejer of Serbia as tho king. This movement Is led by the prlmo archbishop of Cornlola. Mean while the Austro-nungnrian military commanders have been greatly exer cised by the fact, Just 'announced, thnt Inrge numbers of Bohemian troops nro Joining the Itnllnn army and are now on the Italian front In Italian uniforms. They belong to the Czecho-Slovnk army which Is being formed at many points within Austria Hungary. Though they have slowed up a hit In Itussln proper, the Germans nre go ing nhend stendlly with their penetra tion of Ukrnlne. nnd now have es tablished military rule In Kiev, Its capital, on the ground that the gov ernment hns proved too wenk to mnln tnln law nnd order. A number of the members of the Ukrnlne government havo been nrrested. Of course, the prevailing disorder there Is mainly duo to the presence of tho Germnn troops and their oppression of the peo ple, hut a little discrepancy like thnt does not ivother the kaiser. Recently General von Elchhorn. the Gjprmnn commander there, ordered the peas antry to return nil property and ef fects taken from the landholders and to begin at once tho cultivation of tho estates. This order, designed to pro tect the Interests of the landholders, most of wliotp nre Poles nnd Russians, was vigorously opposed by the rnda, which declared It would not permit In terference by Germnn or Austro-IIun-gnrlnn commnnders Irt the Internal af fairs of tho country. The minister of agriculture wns Instructed to tell the peasants not to obey Von Elchhorn's order. Berlin announced on Thursday that Sevastopol had been occupied by tho Germnn forces. H For a day or two last week the world was startled by n report-that thero had been a counter-revolution In Russia, and that the former, cznr's little son had been proclaimed emperor, with his uncle. Grand Dnko Michael, as re gent. The story ame from Scan dlmivla. and soon was recognized as 2 General Pershing nnd his aides bombs used by the British nvintors Gorman proUagandn. thmigh there wns doubt ns to Its motive. It wns not connrnieti rrom ,nny uussinn source Possibly the Germnns mount to use the alleged revolt as an excuse for seizing Petrogrnd. a move they nl ready have threatened to make unless the Russians ncrce to their outrneeous ly unfair plan for the exchange of prisoners. According to this plan, wtitcli Russia relects. all German nrls oners In good health are to be re turned, the unfit heinir kent In Rus sla; and all unfit Russian prisoners will be returned, the fit being retained In Germany. Another bit of characteristic Ger man Insolence croppwl up Inst week, ngnlnst the nctlon of tho nllles In giv ing aid to the Red guard of Finland, becnuse lt interfered with the Internnl life of Finland, though the Germans themselves nre helping the White guard of the country with lnnd nnd sea forces. This combination has now occupied Vlborg nfter severe fighting, ft The Russian bolshevik government Is renlly rtrennrinc to re-enter the wnr ngnlnst the central powers, whose ng gresslons hnve become Intolerable The pan-executive council nt Moscow hns ndopted Trotzky's plan for uni versal military training for nil men neiween tne nges or eighteen nnd forty and tho conscription of all work ers and peasants. The best military experts have been recalled to the serv Ice nd the covernment exnects to huvu u uirj,'e una eueciive army witn in ten months. let War work In America is nrocressln: with unprecedented speed these dnvs. The third Liberty Loan campaign closed on Snturday with tho S3.000. 000,000 of bonds heavily over-sub scribed. Tho most satisfactory fea tures of this loan nre the lnrge num bers, of Individual subscribers and the fact that tho country districts took n Portion of the lonn relntlvolv intieh larger than they did of tho previous issues. As the cnmpnlgn nenred Its end the enthuslnsm became really tre mendous. All classes of the nonnln tlon Joined In the work of selllnir th bonds, and most substantial aid was rendered by CO wounded American sol dlors nnd n group of French "Bine ijcvus" who came over from France for the purpose Tho wnr department permitted It to be known that It now plnns to hnve 1,000,000 men In France by July 1 and that considerably more thnn 500. 000 are already there. Secrotnrv Rn kcr says the army will bo expanded to ,ooo,000 men and then will be mnde as much larger ns Is considered across the Atlnntlc Is so swift 'that the training camps are being emptied, and therefore the draft registrants nre be ing culled in incrensing numbers. Sec rotnry Daniels Is enthusiastic for nc army of unlimited size, and says if there arc not enouch vountr men to whip Germany the age limit will be changed and the older ones will go. The brigading of the Americans with the British and French has creatl.v expedited the placing of tho men on the tiring line, for now onlv 30 dnvs of training In Franco Is considered necessary. The senate grew lmpntlent all of a sudden last Tuesday and throe bills wero Introduced for expanding the army. In the house Chairman Dent of the military affairs committee nlso In troduced such n bill, but he would, limit the size of tho nnny to 4,000.000 men. As usual, ho Is not In accord with tho spirit of the tuition. On Thursdny Secretary Bnker pre sented the administration's program to the house committee. - It Includes ex penditures on the army aggregating $13,000,000,000 In the next fiscal year; mnnufneturo df nrtlllory on a stu pendous scnlo; drafting of at least 1,000,000 additional registrants nnd nt many more as can be equipped and transported to France. ta The Overman co-ordination bill was passed by the senate Monday by a vote of A3 to 13, nnd when It gets through the houso there will be little In nny way connected with the war which the president will not bo em powered to do. The in en sure gives him dictatorial powers to reorgnnlze bureaus nnd departments of the gov ernment nnd to transfer government functions nt will. MLLBOYBOUDS ONE-SIXTH OF POPULATION SUB SCRIBE TO THIRD LOAN. MAY REACH OVER 4 BILLIONS "Keep Your Liberty Bonds" le Slogan Proposed by Secretary McAdoo World's Greatest War CrodlL Wnshingtoii, Mny 7. For the third" tltno within u year the American peo ple have heavily oversubscribed n wnr 'credit. Annlysls of the third Liberty lonn shows that probnbly 17,000.000 persons bought bonds In the cnm pnlgn 7,000,000 more than in the, sec ond lonn and 12,500,000 more than In tho first. Tabulations made at the close of the drive show 43,310,028,250 reported subscriptions, but the treas ury believes the actual total, whlcn. may run to $4,000,000,000, will not bck definitely known until May 13. "Whntever the money total," salril a treasury statement, "the loan Just closed probably Is the most succossftit ever floated by any nation. The mar velous distribution of the third Lib erty lonn Indlcntes Unit one out. or every six persons in the United State may linvo pnrtlclpnted in tho loan." Bnnks' resources, it wns pointed out, hnve been drawn on compara tively little and the prospects for fu ture' loans are brighter as a conse quence. An added reason for Jubila tion Is the Indication that tho gov ernment bond buying habit Is becom ing stronger among people of smnlt means. The table of subscribers Is as fol lows: Nw York districts, 4,000,000; Chi cago, 2,408,000; Cleveland, 1,501,070 1 Philadelphia, 1,200.000; Boston, 1,200, 000; San Francisco, 1,000,000; At lanta, 1,000,000; Minneapolis, 1,000, 000; Knnsas City, 000,000; Richmond,. 000,000; St. Louis, 800,342; Dallas, 830,000. Secretary McAdoo gave out a state ment, urging everyone to keep tha bonds. Every Nebraska County "Over." ' Omaha, Neb., May 7. Every county in Nebraska surpassed its quota In drive for the sale of thlni T.ihnrtv bonds, Custer county being the last to- report as having oversubscribed !. ullotment. British Lose Quarter Million.. Washington, May 7. British lnnse In men killed, wounded, captured and! nilsslong on the western front since- the German offensive beirnn March 2t aro estimated at nearly 250,000. 1 HIS estimate WOUld nnnenr tn ho. In remarkable contrast to tho enor mous German losses In the rlri German war office, of course, has not disclosed to the world what Its Iosse tn the grent battle have been, hut tho-j estimates of allied observers placed the loss of German life at a. staggering figure. An inkllnc of how serlnns tlio fior- man losses nre cnmfe some tlmo ago, when lt was reported thnt the Ger mnn military chiefs dared not riUfinqo- 'helr extent to the German' people and! uiererore were sending the wounded o HeJglum. Rail Service Cut One-Thlrd. Chicago. Mnv .7. One-thlrri nt nil- the passenger trains between -OIiIphimv nnd the Pnclflc coast will bo ollmlnat- ed nfter June 1. nccordlnir to won! re ceived from Washington by rnilway omcinis. Thjs step, It was said, would snvo approximately $12,000,000 a year and cut off 11,728,000 miles of train haul. R. II. Alsllton. retrfonnl fllreetnr- of tho western railroads and assistant to W. G. McAdoo, director of rail roads, snld thnt such nJplnn had hectv under consideration nnd hns l een worked out. ITo nilded thnt he ha not been ofllclally Informed th'nt lt was to be put Into effect on nny cer tain tiate. Teutons Start Italian Offensive. London. May 7. An Austro-Gcriimn offensive has been launched on the Itnllnn front. The campnlgn, It Is be lieved. Is u part of the plan of the- central empires of obtaining a decis ion In the next few months. It has been expected such an attack would be launched while tho British und French were" occupied with hold ing their line In Flanders and France- Wilson Saves Soldiers. Wnshingtoii. May 7. President Wil son 'disapproved the sentence of four Amerlcnn soldiers In Frnnco, ordered to bo shot. , , Sentences of two of the men wero commuted to three years' confine ment, while the others wero granted" full pardons. Estimate. Hun Losses Near Million. London, Mny 7. A "high Enclish- authorlty" Is quoted by the Graphic as estlmntlng tho Germnn losses In killed, wounded nnd captured slnce March 21, lis nt least 000,000. Ask Praysr for Victory, Now York. May 7.Tho Nntlonnl Association for Mothers nf Defenders of Democracy has Issued an nnnear for International victory prayer ion Snndny. May 12. for the moherswor soldiers nnd sailors.