THE SEMI-WEEKLY TRIBUNE, NORTH PLATTE, N1MAMGK.
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1
Helping the Meat and Milk Supply
1 m TV
Ik,
The Housewife and the War
SENIOR MEMBER OF SENATE
i .4
(Special Information Bervlce, United States Department of Agriculture.)
HOW YOUR MILK GETS TO TOWS
, 9
i The Bottle You Take Off Your Back Porch May Have Traveled 200 Miles In
Some of These Carriers. '
MILK'S JOURNEY:
f COW TO KITCHEN
(Many Farmers Working Hard to
Give People Clean Food at
Earliest Moment.
(DIFFICULT STEPS IN SYSTEM
I Product Must Be Carefully Cooled to
Keep It and Then Hauled Over
Bad Roado to Railroads Dlf.
ferent In Small Towns.
In the bundling of foodstuffs the
American people constantly demand In
jcrensed service. Package goods, dellv
jerles and special deliveries, buying In
small quantities and so on, all require
.additional labor by some one. The
milk consumer now Is accustomed to
'find a bottle of clean, cold milk on
ithe doorstep In the morning. If the
milkman Is late or does not come at
all, vigorous complaint is voiced. Such
a complaint is likely to be based on a
lack of understanding of the many
difficult steps involved in the modern
system of distributing milk.
Up Before Daybreak.
Way off In .the country somewhere,
.perhaps as far as 200 miles, some
(farmer must rise before daybreak to
.feed and milk his cows. The milk
must bo carefully cooled to keep It
weet, and must then be hauled for
' several miles over sometimes almost
Impassable roads to the railroad.
Long Haul to City.
Then begins the long haul to the
city where the milk is carried on big
trucks to the dealer's plant. There it
is carefully pasteurized, bottled and
placed In the refrigerator. Tho next
morning about one or two o'clock the
bottled milk Is loaded on the delivery
wagon and the driver starts on his
way, carrying from 300 to 400 quarts,
all of which must be delivered before
breakfast time. Of course In small
'towns this system is simpler, as the
jfarmer often delivers the rnllk directly
jto the consumer, but even then there
:are so many difficulties that the milk
man may be excused If he Is a little
late now and then.
Reduce Fly Injury to Stock.
Here are some of the preventive
'measures advocated by the United
; States department of agriculture to
decrease the losses of animals due to
!the larvae of flies: Burning or deep
, burying of carcasses of animals, the
arranging of breeding operations so
that young stock will be born In late
fall, winter or early spring, the carry
ing on In winter and early spring
: months of branding, dehorning uud
;other operations resulting In wounds,
! taking precautions to prevent Injury
i to Uvo stock from pens and fences or
while on range or in pasture, the de
struction of ticks and the poisoning
nnd trapping of tiles. Farmers' IJul
jletln 857 describes the damage theso
flies do nnd methods of controlling
them. Burning or burying carcasses
lis very important, it is pointed out,
Since it is on this material that mag
Igots, Infesting wounds, are chiefly de-
pendent for propagation. If nil decay
ilng animal matter could be destroyed,
'the troublesome blow flies the insect
bringing about mnggot infestation
would be practically exterminated.
Help Save Game Birds.
The last day of the open season for
hunting mlgratqry game birds under
the federal regulations was January
31 and It is now unlawful to capture or
kill migratory gnme birds anywhere
In the United States. The department
of agriculture iraikes this announce
ment In response to numerous requests
tar Information concerning the fed
eral protective Inw. Stnte gnme com
missioners and sportsmen In nearly
every stnte report that more wild fowl
were killed during the open season
Just passed than In any season for
many years. The increase In the num
ber of birds is attributed to the aboli
tion of spring shooting under the op
eration of tho federal regulations. The
law already Jins been very beneilclul.
to sportsmen nnd ns a food protective"
measure, and under tho continuance of'
existing protection there is every rea
son to hope for nn ever-Increasing sup
ply of wild fowl which will greatly lm-;
prove shooting conditions in the years
to come.
The department appeals to the pa
triotism and true sportsmanship of all
persons to co-operate with It In the,
enforcement of tho federal law. It
Is gratifying to know, says n recent
statement from the department, that
tho majority of sportsmen have ob
served the regulations, and this fact
has contributed largely to the success
ful results accomplished. The depart
ment has planned to Increase its force
of wardens who will be active during
tho spring migration in securing evi
dence upon which to bnse prosecutions
against those who may violate the
law.
Capital In Dairy Farming.
Very few people realize the amount
of money invested in tho dairy farms
of the country. The deportment of'
agriculture reports that on January:
1, 1018, Uiere were 2J,384,000 rallch,
cows on farms in the United States,1
nnd these cows were valued at $1,643,-!
630,000. Add to this, figure the value)
of lands, buildings ' and machinery,
used In dairy farming, and the nggre-j
gate is stupendous.
The Investment in Individual dairy;
farms varies considerably, being in-!
fluenced by land values, the number!
and kind of buildings, and the quality
of tho cattle kept. A modern dalryi
of 50 cows, capable of producing a
dally average of 500 quarts of milk,
would require an Investment In equip
ment of approximately $13,800. Thlsj
would be divided as follows:
CO cows at Jioo
2 pure-bred bulls
Darn for cattle and feed
2 concrete silos, capacity 12
each
Dairy house and equipment..
Ice house, capacity ICO tons..
Barn equipment
$ 5,0001
, 1,000
1,0001
6,000
tons
ceo
800
COOi
4C0j
Total
13,900j
Added to this would be the vnlue ofi
horses und horse burn, dwelling house,,
harnesses, farm machinery, etc.
Tho vnlue of the land itself In the
biggest single item. It hns not beea
Included In this estimate because of!
Its variability. If lnnd worth $50 an1
acre Is used, tho land Investment
would be close to $15,000. If $200 lanuV
Is bought, Its cost would approximate'
$30,000.
Exercise Prevents Pig Thumps.
When the pigs are from four or five
to ten days old, be on the lookout for
thumps. The best-looking fat little,
plg-is the one to go first every time.,
An almost certain Indication is a lit-,
tie roll of fat around the neck. While
there Is no known cure for thumps,'
tho trouble Is quite easily prevented.
Plenty of exerclso for tho pigs is the
answer. In cold, stormy weather outi
of-door exercise Is impossible, but if
n central farrowing house with an nl
leywny Is used, got tho little fnt fel
lows Into the alley and put In about
ten or tlfteen inlnutes three or four
times a day chasing them with n bug
gy whip, until they are pretty well
tired out. If this Is Impossible, try
putting one or two of the little pigs at
a time In n large barrel or hogshead,
placed by the farrowing pen. The
pigs will hear tho old sow making a
fuss and In running nround the bar
rel hunting for a corner to climb out,,
generally will take the exercise neces-i
sary to ward off thumps. A consider-'
able part of the battle Is won If the
Utter gets past the first ten days or
so with a good start.
Quality of Butter.
Uniformity In quality Is the secret
of success In holding customers for
the product of the private dairy.
Value of Heifers.
A heifer Is vnlunbhs In proportion
to the smallness of the feeft required
by her to make a pound of butter.
When tho Republican party passed
from power in congress thoro was ono
Republican who still mnlntntned his
power. This was nono other than
Jacob Harold Galllngcr, tho senior
member of the senate nnd the minor
ity floor lender. Although his party
is In tho minority, Senutor Gnlllnger
of New Ilnmpshtro may bo reckoned
ns one of the strongest driving forces
In the war senntc. This Lb due largely
to the fact that ho knows how to
fight.
Serving In tho senate slnco 1801,
Onlllnger hns lenrned all of tho leg
islative tricks in the bag. When de
feat seems imminent for measures
which ho favors ho generally reaches
down Into history nnd brings up a
precedent of days gone by which res
cues the situation.
Ponderous and heavy, Senator
Gnlllnger docs not nppear from the
gallery to bo an active member of tho
war senate, despite tho fact that he Is generally In his sent. But ho has n
constant eye on tho situation nnd nlwnys at tho right moment he Is on his
feet and offers aomo suggestion which turns the tldo In his favor.
Perhaps tho grentest exponent of the dignity of the sennto is the minor
ity lender. He has great reverence for the serious work that tho sennto has
before It nnd never allows this to be forgotten by some of tho younger
members.
Senator Galllnger was born on a farm In New Hampshire, clghty-ono
years ago. He did not stay on tho farm for long nnd when ho went out into
the world It was as n physician. But in 1872 ho was sent to th'e house- of
representatives and from that time on he hns spent most of his time doc
toring laws. Ho has been in continuous servlco In the sennto slnco 1801.
MISS GREGORY GOT A JOB
The only statement on her application blank which aroused question was
that about three dependents.
"Oh, yes, that's all right," said Miss Gregory. "I have 'adopted' three
Belgian children, and I am supporting them."
PHILOSOPHER
The open Benson for banquets
being at an end, Patrick Francis
Murphy of New York has returned
'to his pipe, his books, his business
and his coterie of congenial compan
ions. He is the man whose philos
ophy of cheer, genial personality,
kindly humor and gospel of courage
'make htm always in demnnd at the
speakers' table. Kvery banquet or
ganizer wants Murphy last on the
program so that the company mny be
kept together through what has pre
ceded and nil be sent home In good
i spirits by the Murphy, speech, each
one declaring the affnljvn great suc
cess and each swearing that he will
not miss one of the annual events so
long ns he may live.
It is a matter of history now
that Mr. Murphy provided for Presi
dent Wilson one of those rare ten
minute Intervals of laughter the lat
ter has enjoyed In tho last three
years. The occasion was a banquet for the Manhattan club, and, as the
manager of that function hit upon the novelty of attempting to entertain the
principal guest as well ao being entertained by him, Mr. Murphy was put on
the program. The presidential paroxysms were punctuated only by Mr.
Murphy's periods nnd Mr. Wilson's own evident Intention not to lose what
was coming next. He laughed like a boy at his first circus.
j JOHN BURROUGHS
Palm Bench to the vicinity of "Slubsldes."
This was tho second birthday In sixty years thut Mrs. Burroughs had not
been beside her husband to hear and rend the birthday messages that reach
"Slabsides" from around tho world and back again every April 8. Mrs. Bur
roughs died less than a month before tht birthday of last yssr, in her eighty
first year, after a lit that had caused II r. Burroughs to rank her as "the
greatest woman," tho late Mrs. Julia Ward Howe being placed second on the
list by Mr. Burrowrhs.
A young woman nppenred nt the
ofllces of tho United States food ad
ministration In Washington n few
dnys ago and nsked for nn application
blank for a position there. '
She filled It out, stating she de
sired employment as n clerk, would
accept $80, the minimum for nn appli
cant with n college education, gave as
references the names of Col. B. M.
House and Thomas Watt Gregory,
and said she had three dependents.
The young woman was Miss Jano
Gregory, dnughter of tho attornoy
general, and she has been put to work
at the salary nnraed, In the office of
Mrs. Lloyd Allen, chief of tho section
on illustrations. She now Is assisting
Mrs. Allen in "digging up" cuts for
use with food stories in newspnpers
and magazines. Her college Is the
same as that of her chief, Mrs. Allen.
Both attended the University of
Texas.
OF GOOD CHEER
fit i miirf' Wt ',': A 1
AT EIGHTY-ONE
John Burroughs, who selected
early April to be born In, so tlint an
nually on April 3 he could start In all
over on an even footing with his birds
and mnplos nnd blooms to renew his
youth again, celebrated his eighty
first birthday at "Slabsides," AVest
Park. By wny of explanation It might
be said that "Slabsides" Is on the
west bank of the Hudson,, up nenr
Poughkeepsie, If It weren't for the
fact that all tho world for years lias
agreed that Poughkeepslo Is on the
oast bank of tho Hudson, up nenr
"Sluhsldcs."
Tho "celebration" was attended
with tho usual solemn ceremonleu of
raking the back yard, chopping a bit
of wood, a wnlk over the hills and
the making of some notes ns to tho
number of robins, bluebirds, song
sparrows, woodpeckers and sundry
other pals of the silver-haired poct
nnturallut which have returned from
(Special Information Servlco, United States Uopartment of Agriculture.)
PLAN YOUR MEALS FOR A WEEK
With Her Meals Scheduled, the Housewife's Saturday Market Basket Can Bring
Food for a Week, Except Somo Perishables.
PLANNING MENUS
WEEK IN ADVANCE
Satisfactory Answer to Question
"What Shall I Have for
Dinner?"
MAKE FEWER MARKET TRIPS
Definite Schedule Will Be Great Help
In Avoiding Waste Meals Sug
gested to Meet Food Adminis
tration's Requirements,
It will pay you, Mrs, Housekeeper,
to alt down for an hour each week
and spend the time In planning your
wook's menus In advance. Especially
at tills tlmo when all nro striving to
conserve food, you will find a definite
schedule a great help in avoiding
waste.
Hero are some menus for a week
from a woman who believes in a work
ing schedulo for her household. Tho
mealB arc carefully planned to meet,
first of all, the food administration's
requirements, using substitutes for
wheat, meat, fat, and sugar, and they
show also how a little careful plan
ning can save tho time and labor of
tho busy housewife. Features of the
menus are tho breadlcss meals and
"quick breads" (muffins, etc.) made
from other grains to save wheat, and
the use of meat substitutes and savory
dishes which call for little meat.
The meals suggested are all simple
and are planned to meet the needs of
a family of four, consisting of two
adults and two children. None of tho
menus are Inflexible but could easily
be varied to meet changing conditions.
You can use these as guides in plan
ning your family meals.
The recipes for most of tho dishes
given In the accompanying menus are
published In the United States Food
Leaflets of the United States depart
ment of agriculture and tho food ad
A WEEK'S MEALS FOR FOUR
SUNDAY.
Luncheon or Supper.
Cheese sandwiches
Stuffed date
Hot cocoa.
Breakfast.
Staved dried nprlcots
Codfish balls
Rot wheat and oatmeal,
rolls and butter
Coffee for adults
Milk for children
MONDAY.
Luncheon or Supper.
Cold chicken loaf
Corn pone and butter
Hot cocoa Marmalade
Breakfast.
Stewed prunes
Hominy grits with milk
Barley bticult and
marmalade
Coffee or milk
Breakfast.
lUiubarb sauce
Creamed egjsa on toaated
oatmeal bread
Coffee or milk
TUESDAY.
Luncheon or 8upper.
Creamed
liauca apples
Oatmeal cookies
Tea or milk
WEDNESDAY.
Luncheon or Supper.
Cream of tomato soup
Toasted corn mufflns
Oatmeal pudding
Breakfast.
Baked apples
Creamed ilrfud beef
Cornmeal muffins
Coffee or milk -
THUR8DAY.
Luncheon or Supper.
Split pes soup and
crackers
Baked bannnas with raisin
sauco
Cornmeal cookies
Breakfast.
Corn flakes with canned
peaches and top milk
Fried; beef liver
Barley mulflns
Coffee or milk
FRIDAY.
Luncheon or Supper.
Kidney bean stew
Corn dodKcrs
Apple butter
Ten or milk
Breakfast.
Hominy ktHs with
milk
Boft-eooked KKm
Toasted victory breaa
Coffee or milk
Brtakfast
Baked apples
Oatmeal Cornbrea
CoftVe or milk
ministration. This womnn works her
schedulo to, snvo time, fuel, nnd labor.
On Saturday she baked her oatmeal
bread to last for Sunday, Monday nnd
Tuesday. Tho rolls for Sunday were
therefore feady to bo reheated Sunday
morning. Tho hen for tho chicken
loaf was cooked In tho flrcless cooker
Snturdny In ono cooking compartment
whllo n qunntlty of apricots wns cook
ing In tho other compartment The
codfish balls wcro made Snturdny
night, thus utilizing some mashed po
tatoes left from dinner.
Twice tho quantity of hominy grits
required wcro cooked In tho double
boiler for Monday breakfast nnd util
ized with the nprlcots left from Sun
day to make the nprlcot-homlny scal
lop. In tho samo way enough apples
wcro baked for two meals. Corn sirup
was Used to sweeten tho baked apples
nnd stewed fruit In place of sugar.
Tho stock from boiling tho chlckca
served ns tho basis for chicken soup
Tuesday, nnd tho small quantities o
left-over vegetables used for the vege
table salad Friday.
Instead of stopping each dny to ans
wer tho question, "What shall I cook
today?" answer it nt one time for the
whole week. Try tho plan and see
how much easier your work becomes.
Matrons for Rest Rooms.
In rest rooms employing matrons
many activities can bo carried oft
which othcrwiso would not bo possible.
The matron not only sees that the
rose room is kept in a clean, sanitary
condition at all times, but she may
provide for a sleeping child or a sys
tem for providing hot lunches at noon
for women and children. Sho may
enro for packages which otherwlsa
might lmvo to be carried from place
to place. In some rest rooms tha
matron tukes charge of. tho womnn's
exchange which usually Is supervised
by n committee from the women's
clubs.
Kgg yolks, which nro rich In fat and
which nro often left over from enka
making, may bo used to enrich soups
or may be combined with milk to make
custards which resemble cream In com
position nnd can be used as cream, as
on desserts.
Dinner.
Chicken loaf with gravy
Buttered carrots
Steamed rice
Celery
Oatmeal bread
(homemade) ,
Fruit gelatin
Dinner.
Hot pie of mutton and
barley
Cold slaw
Stuffed potatoes
Apricot hominy scallop
Dinner.
Chicken soud
peanuts and rice
Bean loaf Tomato sauct
Butter
Green onions and lettuce
Baked potato
Chocolate tapioca
Dinner.
Pot roast of beef
Browned potatoes and,
PlckiedVb'eota
Buttered carrots
Cornstarch mold served
with canned sliced
peaches
Dinner.
Pot roast of beef
(reheated)
Manned potatoes
jjaxea onions
Lettuce and cottage
cheeie salad
Apple scallop
Coffee, tea or milk
Dinner.
Scalloped fish
Btewed tomatoes
Boiled potatoes
Mixed vegetable salad
Steamed raisin puddlag
with sauce
SATURDAY.
Luncheon or Supper. Dinner,
Smoked fish with tomato S' 'nhcrd'a pie with
sauce ro'nto crust
Baked potato Butter Canned rn-i Rsdtihtt
Apple sauce Qrn ieans
Scotch oat crackers Corn and leat rolls
Butter Oftwed fruit