THE 8EMI-WB4KLY TRIBUNE, NORTH PLATTE, NEBRASKA.
PLAN JUKI DRIERS
NEBRASKA TO HAVE 100 PLANT8
IN OPERATION THI8 YEAR.
FREE BULLETIN AVAILABLE
Extension 8ervlce Behind Move
Scarcity of Canning Receptacles
Makes Project Imperative.
Plans to havo ono hundred com
munity drying plants In operation in
Nebraska this summer aro being mado
by the agricultural extension service
of tho University of Nebraska. These
plants will follow tho same general
lines of tho driers which proved so
successful In a number of Nebraska
communities last year. In most
cases tho driers this year will bo es
tablished with funds furnished Wy
towns or civic organizations from
plans furnished free of chargo by tho
oxtenslon service.
Their establishment will mean that
any family can take Its produce to the
nearest drier and for a charge of two
to fivo cents n tray have It dried for
winter use. With a natural scarcity
of tin cans and glass Jars, those driers
will do much toward handling prod
uco whch otherwise would bo wasted.
So successful wcro tho plants estab
lished last season, that tho United
States department of agriculture do
voted a bulletin, No. 010, in Its Farm
ers' Bulletin scries to community dry
ing. This bulletin is avnllable for
frco distribution and may bo obtained
elthor on application to tho depart
ment of ogrlculturo at Washington, or
to tho agricultural extension servlco
at Lincoln, Neb.
Tho first plant established In tho
country was erected In North Lincoln,
INeb., last June. Later plants were
built In Fremont, Omaha, and Uni
versity Place, Nebraska, and in Coun
cil Bluffs and Glldden, Iown. In North
Lincoln 75 families made uso of the
plant and 1,180 trays of fruits and
vegetables were dried. At Fremont
100 bushels of fruits and vogctablos
were handled and tho plant was kept
going night and day.
The drying plant recommended to
FIRST PLANT IN
Community Drier, established In North Lincoln last summer. It Is expected
that upwards of ono hundred of these plants will bo in use throughout
Nebraska during this summer.
communities thin year consists of a
cabinet about 10 feet long, 2 feet high
nnd U foot wide. The bottom of
the cabinet may bo mado of flooring
or ungrooved celling. Tho sides and
top may be made of the samo material
or of "compo" board. Tho top of tho
cabinet is closed by hinged doors or
removable sections to cnnblo tho low
ering of tho trays into tho cabinet.
The cabinet Is divided Into Ave sec
tions, four of which nro Inrgo enough
to accommodate two stacks of drying
trays of ton each. These trays nro of
convenient size for community drying,
being 1 feet wide, !! feet lqng, 2
Inches deep, made of half-inch ma
terial for sides nnd braces, nnd pcnrl
wire screen for bottom, with wlro
screen at ono end. An exhaust fun Is
placed at ono end of tho cuhlnet In
tho fifth section. Thta fan may bo
operated by electricity or by a gaso
line engine, nnd tho air should bo
drawn thru the cabinet at a rapid
rate. Tho end opposite tho fun la
covered with ordinary wlro screen, so
that Acs may bo kept from tho drying
fruit or vegetables.
A flufllclc-nt chargo por trny is mado
to cover cost of operation and tho sal
ary of tho caretaker. Tho enrotnket
Is at tho plant for two hours lu tho
morning, and for about on hour in
tho nftornoon. Hho recolves and de
livers vegetables or fruit at UiIh time.
Tho patrons havo their vegetables nnd
fruits nil prepared when they come to
the plunt. Two or thrco slicing ma
chines ro provided for the convon
lonco of thoso who do not havo them
Adopt Nebraska Gardening Plan.
Tho school garden army project In
augurated by tho United States Bu
roau of Education, of tho Department
of tho Interior, will carry out the Ne
braska plan of children's gardens, ac
cording to Information received by
Director O. W, Pugsloy of tho Ne
braska extension servlco at Lincoln.
Tho new brnnch of gardening activity
has already asked for copies of tho
Nebraska Hteraturo to uso as a model
In encouraging the children In other
sections of tho Unltod States to tuko
up the garden work.
at home. Every porson Is urged to
have everything in readiness before
bringing to the plant, cvon to thf
slicing.
A 100 tray drying plant can bo bulll
completo for from $200 to $250, de
pending upon tho type of motor and
fan that is used, and upon the mate
rial used In tho construction of the
cabinet. Completo plans for building
such n plant will bo furnished by tlx
Agricultural Extension Service, Unl
vcrslty Farm, Lincoln, Nebraska,
upon request, nnd tho Extension Serv
Ice will be glnd to help any commun
ity In the establishment of such a
plant.
Discovery In Drying Vegetables,
A discovery which experts consldci
of much value 1n vegetable drying
has been made by Mrs. Edith SI
Park, n member of the North Lincoln
Community club, the club which estab
lished tho first community drier in
tho state Mrs, Parle has discovered
that dried vegetables which would not
yield to the ordinary method of cook
ing, that is soaking in cold wntet
over night and then cooking until ton
dcr, could bo made pnlatablo by
cooking In boiling wator, without
soaking, and adding soda. The dlfil
cult part of this method, and tho part
to which Mrs. Park Is dovotlng con
tinued effort, is tho determination ol
tho proper amount of soda to be used.
The drying of some vegetables, string
beans for instance, seemed almost a
failure until Mrs. Park mado this dis
covery. Practically all vegetables are
said to yield to her method.
Farmers to Be Business Men.
Tho government has advised tha
farm management department of the
University of Nebraska Extension
Service at Lincoln that tho American
farmer shall be a business man.
"Not only shall the farmer koep an
account of his receipts and expenses,
but ho Is urged to make an inventory
of goods on hand at tho beginning nnd
end of each calendar year, just like
tho merchant does.
Tho commissioner of internal rev
enuo has advised tho farm manage
ment department that farmers' not in
comes, figured from accounts kept
with inventories for the beginning
and end of tho calendar year, will bo
accoptod for tax purposes. Inven
tories taken each year In connection
with receipts and expenses will en-
THE COUNTRY
ablo the farmers to detcrmlno theh
exact Income. Tho farm management
department has given preference to
the Inventory system in record books
which they have been plnclng unions
tho farmers, but tho government has
not until now seen fit to advocate that
tho farmer be as careful In ascertain
ing his Income us the business man.
Undor this system n farmers' Income
will consist of his cash receipts plus
Increased vnluo In his stock, shown
thru his Inventories. Under the old
system tho farmers' Income wai
simply his actual cash receipts minus
his cash expenses for tho year, no ac
count being taken of amounts ol
grain and stock on hand during the
year.
Soft Corn Profitable Feed.
Cattle marketed at South Omaha
recently by the University Farm show
ed that Nebraska soft corn was fed
with profit last winter. Of five lots ol
cattlo sold, thoso fed snapped soft corn
anu alfalfa were the most nrofltabla,
Nearly $20 a head was mudo on cattle
fed this rntlon. Cattlo fed shelled
corn and alfalfa mado n nroflt of less
than half this, $8.2.'!. Cattle fed
sllago, cotton-seed and alfalfa made
tho smnllest profit, S1.10 u hend. Cat
tlo fod ground corn, cotton-seed nnd
ground alfalfa mnde n profit of $11
each. Tho slluuo fed cattlo suffuroil n
largo shrink In transit, 50 pounds,
whllo tho cattlo fed snapped corn lost
but 18 pounds. Corn and alfalfa cat
tlo lost 28 pounds.
Tho extension service already has
100 towns In sight which .will hlra
paid supervisors for tho coming yenr
and about 100 towns which will fur
nish voluntary supervision over tho
children's garden work. This Is the
fifth year of extension activity along
this line. Tho funds which the
tension sorvlco has available coma
from tho department of agriculture,
Tho monoy available for tho new
school garden army comes thru tha
department of Interior. Other agen
cles have also started the same kind
of gardening work among tho Juniors,
0 s
5?f - mi m
lFrench patrol leaving its drg-out to make a raid on the enemy trenches nenrby. 2 A British soldier
looking over the dreary ocene of a battlefield In Flanders; In the foreground a disabled tank sinking Into the
quagmire. 8 Ileglment of American engineers In France marching to tho front
NEWS REVIEW OF
THE PAST WEEK
British Army, Now Supported by
French Troops, Still Holds
Back the Germans.
DRAWS BACK EAST OF YPRES
Huns Fight Furiously to Capture the
Messlnes Ridge and Bethune Secre
tary Baker Returns to Speed
America's Men Across Schwab
Heads Shipbuilding.
By EDWARD W. PICKARD.
At the end of another week of tho
most sanguinary battle tho world has
ever known, the British nrmy was still
undestroyed, Its lines still unbroken.
Overwhelmingly outnumbered In Flan
ders, Ilnlg's men were forced to give
up some Important positions, nnd east
of Ypres they withdrew from the bulg
ing Passchendaele salient before the
enemy observed the movement, nnd
straightened and shortened their de
fensive lino so that it was much
stronger and more secure. Meanwhile
French re-enforcements arrived to as
sist tho British, the commanders hav
ing decided that tho Flanders offensive
was not merely n diversion. To tho
south, on tho Sommo nnd 'the Alsne,
the French had been stoutly repulsing
every nttack, nnd it wns predicted
that the time wns near when GenernI
Foch, tho nlllcd commander In chief,
might be expected to start his counter
offensive. Though they wcro still
bringing fresh divisions into the bat
tle, It was figured the Gcrmnns must
be approaching tho point of exhaus
tion, when a return blow would be
most effective. Indeed, It did not
seem this blow could be much longer
delayed, for tho British, though their
spirit and courage were undiminished,
were sustaining continuous attacks by
nn enemy which was Immensely superi
or In numbers nnd was under leaders
whoso disregard for life was utterly
reckless.
At the beginning of the week the
Germnns, finding they could not make
much progress townrd Bethune, nt
tho south part of their salient, because
of the stubborn resistance of tho Brit
ish nt Glvenchy, Festubert and Locon.
turned to the north nnd undertook to
flank Ypres by driving tho British
from the Bnllleul-Neuve Egllse, Wul-verRhem-IIolIebeko
line. For two
days tho attacks of the nuns were
beaten hack with fearful slaughter,
but then Field Marshal Hnlg was com
pelled to glvo ground and retired from
pnrt of the famous Messlnes ridge, at
tho same tlmo drawing his lines nearer
to Ypres. There was still higher
ground at his rear, however, and his
generals and men displayed n cheerful
optimism that contrasted with the de
pression caused In England and, to a
considerable extent, In America by
what looked like serious reverses.
Not for a minute did the men who are
doing the fighting admit that they
were beaten or could bo beaten by any
forces Hlndenburg could bring against
them, nnd though the Ilun, when ho
had taken Ballleul, wns within 24
miles of Dunkirk, they still had no Iden
of permitting him to force his way to
the coast.
In the effort to reach the La Bnssce
canal and take Iluzebrouck, the enemy,
after Intense nrtlllery preparation, at
tacked along tho front from Meteren
to Itohecq, but wns repulsed at nlmost
every point nnd sustained heavy
losses. The allied nrtlllery was espe
cially effective here and east of Be
thune and tho Germans found It al
most Impossible to bring up their
trnnsport trains.
On Thursday the enemy resumed
his attacks In the Bethune region,
throwing n number of light bridges
across La, Bnssce canal near Locon.
Tlvcso were swept nway by tho British
artillery and machine-gun lire and
largo numbers of Germans were killed.
Again and again the Germans re
newed the attack, using more than
125.000 fresh troops on tho 12-mlle
front between St. Venant nnd Glven
chy, but each time they were thrown
buck with appalling losses. French
Infantry and batteries co-operated
with Ilnlg's forces.
Save for certain engineer units, the
ixncrlcnn troops had not yet been en
gaged In the big battle, but they were
steadily nnd rapidly moving up to
their assigned positions, and the news
that more nnd more of them were be
ing hurried across tho Atlantic was
greeted with cnthuslnsm by tho Brit
ish and French officers and men. They
nro needed, nnd needed quickly, for the
allied commanders, though believing
their lines cannot be broken, knQW the
enemy Is still very strong, nnd un
doubtedly Is gntherlng his strength for
further tremendous efforts. While he
well might be held by the nlllcd forces
now there, he can only bo crushed nnd
driven bnck when they have been
greatly re-enforced by the boys from
America.
Moreover, the commanders of the
allies say no greater mistake could be
made than to think this Is the final
battle. Even If it can be cnlled de
cisive, It Is absolutely essential that
the United States send over all Its men
as quickly as possible, that all possible
eventualities may bo faced and the
right kind of a victory ultimately en
forced. m
That this Is the view of Secretury
of War Baker also Is made plain In
his report to the president, mnde on
his return Inst week from Europe. In
a sentence this was that tho United
States must furnish the strength that
will crush Germany, nnd must furnish
It at once. If Mr. Baker ever thought
the war was "8,000 miles away," his
trip nbroad has cured him of that de
lusion. There Is now no warmer ad
vocate of the policy of giving force,
precision nnd rnpldltf to American nc
tlvltics, and on his own behalf nnd
that of his department he pledged bet
ter results In hurrying men and muni
tions to tho fighting front
As for the American troops now in
France, Mr. Bukcr hnd nothing but
praise for their- condition nnd their
military qualities. They have made
good in every way, he said. Those
same troops during the week had op
portunity to show the stuff they were
mnde of, for several times the Ger
mans made fierce attacks In the Toul
sector. Each time they were repulsed,
and the Yankees went Into the fray
with a Joy that did tho hearts of their
officers good. Their bravery, coolness
and efficiency were so general that
their commanders had difficulty In
picking out nny men for especial com
mendation. I
Tho evident and urgent need for
more soldiers helped to hasten Lloyd
George's man-power bill through par
liament, despite the opposition caused
by the clause applying conscription to
Ireland. The government also pre
pared to Introduce Its home rule bill
which It announced It would pass or
fall In the attempt. There was con
siderable dissatisfaction In England
over the fact that tho British In Fland
ers were so badly nutmimborrd by tho
Germans, and the blame, If nny, was
not plnced, there were Insistent culls
for tho return of Sir William Robert
son to the position of chief of the lm
perlnl general staff. On Thursday
Viscount Mllner wns made secretary
of state for war, the earl of Derby be
coming amhussndor to France.
U
Since It Is still evident that "ships
will win the war," and that America
must supply most of tho ships, our
national shipbuilding ngencles were
reorganized lust week for tho fifth
tlmo and Charles M. Schwab, chair
man of the board of directors of the
Bothlehem Steel corporation, was giv
en tho new position of director gencrnl
of shipbuilding nnd placed In supreme
control of the construction of mer
chant vessels. Chairman nurley of
the shipping board nnd Gcucrnl Man
ager PIck will work In completo bar
.mony with him, directing tho organi
zation necessary to carry out his
plans, Tho necessity for some such n
step wns Miown by tho ofllclol an
nouncement of tho change,' which
snld: "The carrying forward of tho
construction work In the ISO ship
yards now in opcrntlon Is so bud that
It requires a re-enforcement of the
shipbuilding organization throughout
tlic country." Tho determination to
speed up shipbuilding wns evidenced
by the warning Issued by Mr. Hurley
that delinquent plnnts will be taken
over by the government unless thoy
show decided Improvement.
a
Tho British admiralty report showed
15 British vessels sunk by submarines
during tho previous week, 11 of them
being 1,000 tons or over.
On Monday British warships encoun
tered a fleet of German armed trawl
ers In the Kattegat and sank ten of
them, the nearby German nwvnl forces
evidently not daring to come out to
the rescue. Tho fact that the British
were engaged in clenring the Knttegat
of mines may portend naval operations
of moment
Ka
Turning to tho east, We find the parts
of the former state of Russia being ex
ploited ns fields for German ruthless
ness compnrable to that which devas
tated Belgium. According to advices
In Washington, the Anns intend to
make Ukraine nn Austro-Germnn col
ony, nnd are about to dissolve the rada
nnd Install a Teuton government. Al
rendy they are putting Austro-Gcrmans
Into all the offices nnd have cut
Ukraine off from all communication
with Russia proper. All entente offi
cers In tho stnte have becu ordered un
der nrrest Finland is running red
with the blood of the people of the
working class nnd others who oppose
tho White gunrd and the Finnish feu
dal class. They are pointed out to tho
Gcrrann troops, which have occupied
Helsingfors, nnd are murdered by the
latter In conjunction with the Whlto
gunrd. The provisional government of
Finland and tens of thousands of Finns
havo retired to Petrogrod. The bru
talities of the Huns arc being exhibited
also In Russia itself as the troops push
their way north nnd east. In one vll
lago the Inhabitants resisted an armed
requisition for money by German
forces nnd nn officer was killed In tho
resulting scuffle. Thereupon tho Ger
mnns burned the town nnd with ma
chine guns slaughtered the Inhabitants
ns they fled from their blazing homes.
Against this nnd other similar outrages
Tchltcherln, Russian minister of for
eign affairs, protested to Berlin, ask
ing the punishment of the guilty, But
enn anyone recall the Infliction of pun
ishment on the Huns who perpetrated
like outrages In Belgium nnd northern
France?
tss
Any hope that tho relations between
Germany nnd Austria-Hungary might
bo disrupted by tho exposure of Em
peror Charles' letter concerning pence
and the French claim to Alsace-Lorraine
wns dispelled by the nppolntment
of Baron Burlnn as minister of for
eign affairs to succeed Count Czernln,
the official goat. Burian is recognized
as a firm supporter of the policy of a
continued alliance with Germany and
the press of both Austria nnd Germany
assert that the country's foreign pol
icy will not be chnnged by him. Dr.
Von Scydler, tho Austrian premier,
was emphatic in stating the' same view,
and said those who looked to the en
tente for salvation would always be
regarded and treated ns enemies of the
state. In this category he must In
clude many of the people of Bohemia,
for at a great mass meeting In Prague
President Wilson wns cheered and the
knlser Jeered. In Vlennn there has
been serious rioting by the hungry peo
ple. Bolo Pasha, tho spectacular French
traitor, was executed nt Vlncennes on
Wednesday, after having mnde confes
sions that aro believed to Involve many
others In his Infamies, In the United
States men equally guilty of treason
nre allowed to live, and It arrested aro
usually let out .on ball to continue their
vile practices until the time comes for
their trial. This may bo remedied,
however, by tho passage of the Cham
berlain bill Introduced in tho senate,
declaring the United Stntcs n part of
the military zone nnd making spies
and disloyalists subject to trial by
court-martial. Among thoso who ap
peared before the senate committee to
urgo the passage of this measure, was
W. B. Bloodgood, chairman of the Mil
waukee council of defense. Ho warn
ed the senators that dire consequences
might result In Wisconsin unless tho
government deals moro effectively with
disloyalty and sedition. "Feeling grows
stronger with tho departure 'of every
army transport," said he, "and the peo
ple are likely to go back to prlmltlvo
methods," Mr. Bloodgood assorted
that pro-German propaganda has been
widely disseminated In tho training
camps where Wlsconbln troops havo
been quartered, and that German
agents have purchased union cards and
obtained employment In munition fac
tories when they were unable to hit a
nail on tho head.
Extension of the espionage law to
npply to women will lend to tho ar
rest of numerous women, though many
of them already havo fled from thu
country. Most of the spies who run
nwny go to Cuba, and It has been din
.covered that their headquarters aro In
Havana.
11
Tho week was marked by tho death
of United States Senator William Joel
Stono of Missouri.
ARE YOU WITH OR
AGAINST THE HUN?
Buy a Liberty Bond If You Would1
Show the World Where
You Stand.
YOUR HELP IS NEEDED NOWE
There Can Be No Such Thing as Neu
trality on the Part of a True
American Citizen In This j
Great War.
By RENE BACHE.
"Murder 1" -1
It Is a cry for help. What will you:
do about It?
Thero Is a kind of man who under
such circumstances snya: "It 1b none
of my business. I am not balled upon
to Interfere."
"Such n mnn calls himself a "peace-
loving citizen" a pacifist, to uso a
word recently popularized.
But you know, and I know, that he-
is only n cownrd. His only nnxlcty i
to keep out of danger, no matter ut
what sacrifice of his manhood.
Even though ho knows thnt hl
neighbor's wife or child Is being at
tacked he will not interfere. It Is-
"none of his affair." Besides, he him
self might get hurt
Tho unprovoked Invasion of Belgium
by the predatory Huns was exnetly an-
alagous to tho breaking and enter
ing of a peaceable man's home by
nrmed burglars. Thelre was a crim
inal enterprise pure nnd simple.
Later it became manifest that we-
were likely to suffer slmllnrly In our
turn. In fact, the same criminals' be
gan to nttnek us. They killed our
people even our women and children.
So, much against our will, we were-
at last compelled to fight If ever
there was a Just and righteous fight,.
It Is ours In this wnr. Will you per
sonally stand aside, playing the cow
ard's part, or will you help?
Buy a Liberty Bond.
If you cannot do your bit with bomb-
and bayonet, you can help very Im
portantly by buying a Liberty bond.
Would you prefer to help the kaiser
and. his gang of professional murder
ers? You can do so by refusing to help
your country with your money.'
There can be no such thing as neu
trality on the part of an American
citizen in this war. Either you are-
a patriot or you are a traitor. Which
of the two shall you choose to be?
If you refuse your help, merely
standing aside, you are actually aid
ing the kaiser. 'You are tho accom
plice, at least constructively speaking,
of the greatest criminal since Nero;
Do you approve of the rape of Bel
gium and the ruthless slaughter of its
Inoffensive people?
If not, then show it by buying a
Liberty bond.
Do you approve pf tho wholesale-
violation of women and the mutilation'
of little children?
If not, then buy a Liberty bond.
Are you In favor of the poisoning of
wells, of shelling unarmed and help
less people In open boats, of indls-:
criminate warfare upon noncombat--ants?
If not, then buy n Liberty bond.
You Are For or Against.
You cannot compromise with your
conscience In this "mutter. Either you
are for these things, or you are against
them.
Civilization Is engaged In a desper
ate struggle against barbarism nay.
Indeed, something much worse than
barbarism, scientific savagery. It Is
a fight of right against wrong.
Do you wish to help the right?
Then buy a Liberty bond.
The happiness of your children and
of your children's children Is at stake.
For there can be no happiness without
liberty, nnd liberty will cease to exist
If Prussian power achieves the ob
jects for which It Is now contending.
One word more. Do you believe In
a life that Is to follow this life? Do
you believe that your welfare in the
herenfter will he Influenced by your
conduct In your present stute of ex
istence? Then how can you hope for happi
ness In the "next world" If, In this
struggle between right und wrong, yon
deliberately choose to stand with the
Hun murderers against your God?
You are helping them If you stand
"neutral," und fall to help your coun
try. Make your choice. And, having;
chosen, buy n Liberty bond.
BECAUSE SHE KNOWS
By AMELIA JOSEPHINE BURR
of the Vigilantes.
She Is a fragile llttlo elderly gentle
woman, a teacher by profession, an
Alsatian by birth. During the sum
tner holidays of 3014 she left her hom
In Strusburg, nnd came over to visit
her brother, In u suburb of New York.
She has been hero over since, too
proud to bo n tax upon her brothor's
Blender means, and maintaining her
self by French lessons hero and there,
governesslng, helping mothers, and
other work to which she has never
been accustomed but which she does
with the true spirit of Franco. I have
heard yes, and felt complaints
trickle out and then dry up entirely
nt tho sight of that gnllant little fig
uro plowing Indomitably through the
snow. Her earnings, It hardly need
bo said, are not largo, yet she bus
bought a Liberty bond of each issue,
and is rexolved to keep on as long an
the war does.
