THE 8EMI-WEEKLV TRIBUNE. NORTH PLATTE, NEBRASKA.
UTILIZE ALL WASTES
Representatives Frequently Derelict in Duty
Blf ASHINGTON. "Pnpn, the mnn down there said they were In committee
the whole, but that Isn't nil of them, Is It?" "No, eon. Thero nre
rrty forty-nine present, nnd thero nrc 435 members." "Then why do they
ball It committee of the whole house?"
Right here papa, not being n pnr
ilasaentnrlnn, was stumped nnd had to
jKdsott It to tho boy. Others In the
house of representatives gallery won
dered with the boy,, who unconsciously
had displayed a bit of delicious Irony
nt the expense of the nation's law
makers. No house session in the last
month hjtH seen more than one-fourth
toC the total membership present, nnd
"'committee of the whole" Ib rather
mrc oi n joico thnn nnythlng else.
U a short time tho house of representatives has passed on at least three
tremendously important plecesof legislation
The flvo-bllllon-dollar urgent deficiencies impropriation.
Tho $170,000,000 war risk insurance bill.
The $11,538,000,000 bond nnd certificate measure.
At no time during discussion of tho last-nnmed bill were there more thnn
75 members on tho floor of the house. Rarely during the Insurance discussion
did more than CO show themselves.
Washington, accustomed to anything In tho way of congressional behavior,
r misbehavior, has hardly rnlsed an eyebrow at this queer, not to say naive,
-wny of handling important nntlonnl business. But the casual visitors with
aoUiln better to do than to visit tho house have frequently remarked on the
rtrsatloa.
A faithful hnndfui of representatives have been fairly regular In at
tendance, but by far the great majority hnvo not shown themselves at tho
capltol In weeks. "Illness in the fnmlly" nnd "necessary business" must be
responsible, as alleged, for absences, because It is an off-year for , elections.
Notable Gift to United
TIUI United States National museum at Washington has recently received
nod put on exhibition a notable collection of swords, uniforms and
miscellaneous relics of MaJ. Gen. George B. McClellan. These mementos
were n gift to the museum from George
1
many citizens of Boston, Feb. 5, 1SG3.
Pr rcge saepe, pro pntrla semper." Two swords In the collection were car
ried hy McClellan in the Civil war, a dress sword and a service sword.
The other stords in tho collection commemorate his Mexican war service,
,me dress sword having been presented to him "by a number of gentlemen as
a testimonial of their high admiration for his gnllnntry during tho war with
Mexico. First, nt the siege of Vera Cruz ; second, the battle of Ccrro Gordo ;
third, battle of Contreras; fourth, battle of Churubusco; fifth, Chapultepec;
ttixth, capture of the City of Mexico."
Another of the swords carried in the Mexican war is a service saber
witfc a small piece of the hilt broken away. Tho donor of tho collection
writes: "A piece of the hilt of this sword was carried away by a bullet
which slightly wounded Genernl McClellan In the hand."
Among tho other relics of this great Amerlcnn general are several uni
forms, spurs, field glasses, revolvers, powder flotsks, and a number of more
personal relics. .
Many Clerks Needed to Handle President's Mail
PHRSIDENT WILSON'S mull bog Is the lnrgest In -tho world. Thousands
of letters arrive dally, and every one of any Importance must have the
individual attention of America's first citizen. Of course, tho president Is
not able to read all his correspondence
hlmscif. This difficulty is overcome
by a carefully developed system by
which tho contents of tho White House
mall bag of any Importance are lala
before Mr. Wilson each day.
Tho work of selection fnlls upon a
corps of confidential clerks, who open
the letters and give them a first read
ing. Then they are carefully sorted.
Many of them are simply recommenda
tions for oillce. These, after courteous
acknowledgment, are referred to the
proper departments nnd plnced on file until tho mntter can be taken up for
consideration. Hundreds of the missives nre purely formnl, or contain 1m-
rslblo requests. These nre Immediately answered by the staff nud signed
. one of tho president's assistant secretaries.
Sach communications as the president ought to see &re clearly briefed
that is, a slip is pinned at the top of each letter, nd on this is a typewritten
synopsis of Its contents, telling who the writer is nd what he has to present.
iJteqncntly tho president is sufficiently Interested by the brief to cause him to
rend tho whole letter. Sometimes the communication 1b referred to n cabinet
ofllcer, In which case tho slip Is retained nt tho White House nnd' filed.
Washington Watches Daring Military Aviators
DABlrfG Italian military nvlntors, In two battle planes of lightning speed,
sad a giant bombing plane carrying ten passengers, gave official Wash
tsgtua a marrclous example of what tho American aviation corps must do to
strike Germany thrtash tho air. All
no Inconvenience whatever. After ar
irivtc hero two of the airplanes thrilled thousands of spectators with feats
of the air, which filled the highest ofllcers of tho signal corps of tho army with
nnAlsguised admiration.
Tho exhibition ended with the flight of tho great Capronl machine over
the city, carrying a party of persons, nnd tho "bombing" of tho White House
Iby one of tho smaller machines with bouquets of flowers, dropped from a great
freight
Ofllcers of tho army and nnvy who witnessed the landing of tho threo
iraacfalnea and tho wonderful aerial feats which they Jater indulged in, did not
iheeltate to say that the United States has yet a long wny to go before it enn
equal the aviation corps of Europe.
Many members of tho house nnd senate were present, and they were vis
ibly impressed with the efficiency of tho Italian machines and tho skill nt
(tbetr pilots.
OF 'f M ARE
HOME 0X1(1
THEIR
FENCES
States National Museum
B. McClellan of Princeton university.
The swords, of which there nre
nine, are perhaps tho most Interesting
feature of the collection. Tho most
striking of these is a gold-mounted
sword set with pearls presented to
McClellan by a number of citizens of
Boston In 1803, In recognition of his
services during tho Civil war. The
scabbard Is Inscribed, "To Mnjor
General George B. McClellan, from
three airplanes flew without accident
from Lnngley field, near Newport
News, Vn., to Washington in less than
two hours. The distance was approxi
mately 120 miles, nnd tho average
height maintained was 7,000 feet.
In tho grent Capronl bombing ma
chine, which has a wing spread of 85
feet and 525'liorso-powcr engines, thero
were several government officials, who
enjoyed tho trip Immensely, Buffering
AUTOMATIC-TANK FOR FOWLS
Device Shown in Illustration Invented
for Purpose of Furnishing
Clean, Pure Water.
Many types of automatic tanks have
been Invented to provide fresh clear
water for the fowls all during tho day.
Several of these must be tipped upside
down In the process of filling.
The accompanying sketch presents n
type of tank In which the water mny
be poured In through tire top. The
tank can be made of galvnnized Iron.
Automatic Water Tank.
A smnll faucet, A, Is plnced near the
bottom so that it will open beneath the
surface of the wnter n tho dish, B.
The cover must fit tightly to make an
airtight joint when It Is screwed down.
To do this a brond shoulder Is left at
O so thnt the gasket rubber D will
have a firm foundation.
The following procedure is ncecs3nrj
in filling the tnnk: Close the faucet,
A, remove the screw cap, E, and pour
the water In at the top. The lid Is
then rcplnced and tho stop-cock, A,
opened. The wnter will run out until
the level In the dish, B, comes just
above the opening of the faucet.
Popular Science Monthly.
HEAD AND THROAT TROUBLES
Colds and Catarrh Are Most Common
Among Poultry Breed Constant
ly for Health and Vigor.
(Poultry Division, University Farm, Davis,
Cat.)
Tho most common head and throat
troubles of fowls are colds, and ca
tarrh. Tho symptoms of colds are
running, dirty and stopped up nos
trils. Tho symptoms of catarrh nre
difficult nnd rapid breathing, with
mouth open, and whistling or bub
bling In throat due to phlegm. These
troubles are most common In fall and
early winter and are easily overcome.
Simple colds and catarrh enn bo
prevented by removing the nbovo
causes and breeding constantly for
health nnd vigor. To treat, search
out and isolate In separate quarters
all infected fowls and give stimulat
ing food seasoned' with cayenne pep
per, or tho following tonic:
Pulverized gentian, one pound; pul
verized ginger, one-quarter pound; pul
verized saltpeter, one-quarter pound;
pulverized Iron sulphate, one-quurter
pound.
Use two to three tablcspoonfuls of
the tonic to ten quarts of dry mash.
KEEP POULTRY HOUSE CLEAN
(Quarters of Adult Fowls Should Be
Thoroughly Renovated and Sprayed
Twice Annually.
The quarters of adult birds should
be thoroughly cleaned, sprnyed nnd
renovated twice nnnunlly. Many poul
trymen find It advantageous to spray
their houses bimonthly, thus Insuring
greater cleanliness. Any of tho coal
tar products make excellent dlslnfcc
tnnts. They can bo purchased nt hard'
ware stores In convenient packages
Give the birds clean, comfortable quar
ters nnd good results will follow.
RETAIN LATE MOLTING HENS
Contrary to Opinion of Few Years Ago,
They Are Best Layers Fatten
Early Molters.
The late molting hens are often bet
ter layers thnn the early molting hens,
Fatten the early molters nnd put them
on the mnrket. Keep the lnte molters.
The hen that molts In October nnd
November, as n rule, Is a bettor lnyer
thnn the one that molts In July nnd
August This Is contrnry to the opin
ion of some years ago.
TO ERADICATE SMALL MITES
Paint or Spray With Whitewash, Mak.
ing Generous Addition of Some
Effective Poison.
If Rmnll mites get tho start of you
bnrn every particle of loose litter, then
paint or spray with whitewash with
a generous addition of some such pol
Bon ub creolln, crude carbolic ncld or
some proprietary preparation, giving
especial soukings to all cracks.
Fattening Rations.
Fattening rations are not compli
cated or need not be to bring fair results.
Not Advisable to Make Hog Meat
Out of Raw Materials.
Grain May Be Saved for Direct Use
as Food for Man and for Top
ping Off Beef Dairy By
products Are Valuable.
(Prepared by tho United States Depart
ment of Agriculture)
It is n good plan to Insist thnt so
far as possible hog meat shall bo pro
duced mainly with food wastes ns tho
raw materials. Grain may thus be
saved for direct use us food for man
and for feeding or topping off beef
cnttlo which cannot bo rnlsed on
waste.
Wastes .on farms nnd in the TownB
muko good hog feed ; by-products from
canneries, bakeries, fisheries, packing
plants nnd the like can be utilized ns
hog feed and to better economic nd
vautago thnn in any other wny. Dairy
wastes nro particularly valuable as
hog feed and promote rapid growth
with a good money return for every
gallon fed.
Tho farm orchard furnishes large
quantities of wlndfallen or defoctlvo
fruit, which Is relished by hogs, nnd
is bcneliclnl If fed In smnll quantities
frequently, nnd not nil nt one feed.
Gnrden wnstes, tops of vegetables,
culls of nil sorts, even weeds nro
readily eaten, and such as may not bo
eaten will bu worked over, going Into
tho bedding nnd adding to tho manure.
Kitchen wnstes nro an excellent
source of food for hogs, but should bo
kept at a minimum, because practical
ly all food prepared for man's use
should be eaten by him.
POTATOES LIKE HEN MANURE
Droppings Collected From Poultry
Houses Applied to Small Patch
Gave Large Returns.
Our experience with hen manuro
on potatoes last summer may be of
interest to some, ays F. W. Brlggs,
In Farm Poultry. We took our potnto
patch, Just one-third of an acre, nnd
covered it broadcast with a moderuto
coating of hen manuro that had been
collected from the dropping boards.
This was all tho dressing tho pleco
had. Wo planted our potatoes, und
the following week hoed them onco
with n horse hoc. This is nil tho tlmo
or labor that was expended on tho
crop, except the labor of digging nnd
picking. The crop from this one-third
acre wns just 150 bushels of extra
large smooth potatoes, nnd ten bushels
of smnll ones. Tho potntocs wcro of
such excellent quality that they
brought five cents per bushel moru
from tho Boston buyer than any other
potntocs in this locality. Tho piece
used was of easy access from tho freo
range occupied by tho pullets during
the summer. These pullets assisted
materially In tho crop, ns they kept
the piece well "cultivated" by their
scratching, nnd kept away or ate up
all the potato bugs; we did not use
an ounce of pnris green or bordeaux
mixture.
HORSE POWER TO PULL POSTS
Team and Wagon, Log Chain and
Stout Plank Are Among Things
Needed for the Purpose. ,
Digging up old fenco posts is n hard
job. Tho nccompnnylng drawlug shows
tho easiest nnd quickest wny of pulling
posts that hnvo been seen. A team
nnd wagon, a ten-foot log chain nnd a
stout plank with a notch In tho upper
end or a forked stick about four feet
long nro tho things needed.
Drlvo tho team nnd wagon up paral
lel to the fenco and about a foot
away from It, nnd five feet ahead of
tho post to bo pulled. Loop one end
of the chain around the mlddlo of the
Hitch on Wagon and Post.
axle. Pass the other end over the
fork in the stick nnd hook around
the base of tho post. Tho only pre
caution is to see that tho forked stick
or plank is not set too slanting or It
will slip out Instead of lifting tho post.
Drlvo ahead and out comes tho post.
There is no backing up or turning
around nor any tools to move. As fast
ns tho posts nro pulled they nro thrown
Into tho wagon. If many posts nro to
bo pulled it will snvo time to wire tho
chnln to tho crotch of tho prop no thnt
tho team will drug it from one location
to the next.
WHEATLESS RATION FOR HEN
Has Been Found to Be Satisfactory
for Production of Eggs
Formula Is Given.
A whentless rntlon for egg produc
tion hns been found to compnro fnvor
abiy with rntion8 contninlng wheat
In tho wheatless ration tho scratch
mixture was two pounds of cracked
corn nnd one pound of onts, while the
dry mnsh wns three pounds of corn
menl and ono pound of beef scrnp.
About cqnnl parts of tho scratch mix
ture and the dry mash were fed.
fll
DRAINAGE SUGGESTIONS
1. Have your dead furrow ex
tend in the lino of greatest slope
on tho Hatter lands.
2. Plow In narrow lands not
over four rods wide so thnt
thero will bo n dead furrow or
n back furrow every two rods.
3. Plow twice In tho dead fur
row where It crosses u ridge.
In long level furrows, plow twice
near the outlet to create a fall
toward tho surface-run.
NEW CROP OF SWEET CLOVER
No Fear of Difficulty In Eradicating
- as Farmers Have Trouble In Cut
ting Second Crop.
Somo farmers hesitate to plnnt swcot
clover on their fnrms for fenr they will
have difficulty In eradicating It when
the fields are planted to other crops.
The results obtained annually by hun
dreds of farmers nre sufficient prooi
thnt there Is np foundation for such
fear; in fact, farmers are experiencing
much difficulty In cutting tho first crop
the second season so high thnt tho
plunts will not bo killed. , Tho new
crop of sweet clover, unlike thnt ol
red clover nnd alfalfa, must come
from the buds left on tho stubble, so
when the plnnts nre cut below these
buds they will bo killed. As sweet
clover Is a biennial, the plnnts die as
soon ns tho seed crop Is produced.
When tho first yenr's growth of
sweet clover Is to be turned under for
green manure It Is recommended thnt
the field bo plowed nftcr the plants
have mndo somo growth the following
spring rather thnn In the fnll of the
your of seeding. When the first yenr'a
growth Is plowed under tho samo fnll
mnny of the plants will not bo en
tlrely covered, nnd these will mako a
vigorous growth tho following spring.
When the plowing Is delayed until the
plnnts hnvo mndo somo growth tho fol
lowing spring no troublo will bo ex
perienced In eradicating them.
IMPORTANCE OF QUEEN BEE
Her Duty Is Simply to Lay Eggs to
Keep Up Supply of Honey Gath
erers In Colony.
Tho queen Is the only perfect femnle
In the hive and usually there Is onlj
ono to a colony. Her duty Is simply
to lny eggs to keep up tho supply oi
bees In the hive. It is possible for u
queen to lny several thousand eggs In
a day, depositing them singly In the
bottom of brood cells. If these egg.
Queen Cells and Work Cells.
are not fertilized they develop Into
drones; when fertilized they dovelor.
Into worker bees or queens according
to tho treatment they receive. Nearly
nil of tho fertilized eggs are left In
tho ordinary-sized ccIIb known at
worker cells nnd produce worker bees
For a few of theso Inrger cells n
shown in tho illustration, are built a
scries of protecting walls. Together
with this, n special food Is given to
tho larva when It hatches, nnd in tho
course of 21 dnys n queen bee comes
forth.
PROFIT FROM SOME FEATURE
Money Can Be Made In Various Side
Lines, Such as Bush Fruits or
Special Garden Crop.
It is not a bad plan to consider very
seriously whether it 1b not possible to
add somo feature ns a smnll Hide line
to the fnrm activities for increased
profit. It may bo smnll bush fruits or
n special garden crop, some class of
live stock or field crop. The returns
might be smnll, but being clear may
mean enough to purchase thut new
convenience you have been wanting.
A small side line with the boys' help
mny even bo enough to educate tho
children.
SAVING SEED FROM GARDENS
Cut Slice From Tomato Blossom and
Save Seeds From Each Section
Vegetables Deceiving.
Toronto seed should bo saved from
tho lnrgest and smoothest. Cut n slice
from tho blossom end nnd snvo tho
Becds from each section. Pumpkins
nnd squash should bo selected from
tho ones containing tho fowest seed.
ThRso will bo found plumper nnd
larger than those contninlng u greater
amount of seed. Ah these vegetables
nro 'lccelvlng In uppeurnnco It Is f,
to vnlt until nfter booking before ivv
ing their seeds.
I i
INGREDIENTS OF DRY RATION
Should Not Be Different From Those
Fed to Cow at Other Times
Give Some Roughage.
Tho ingredients of tho ration for
tho dry cow should not bo so very
different from thnt fed nt other times.
In order to cut down on tho fat-pro-duclng
elements, hominy Is frequently
used In place of corn. Brun nnd onts
nro both rich in mineral mntter which
goes to give bono to tko unborn calf.
Traveling Feet! Box in Use.
If she has been fed with high protein
feeds a change of rntlon will rest and
cool the digestive system.
As calving tlmo draws near, a lax
ntlvo feed, such as ollmeal in small
quantities, loosens the bowels nnd less
ens tho danger of enkeu udder or milk
fever nt tlmo of cnlvlng. Along with
theso concentrates eight to ten pounds
of clean hay or corn stover will give
sufficient roughago to keep tho grain
from massing in tho stomach, and
mako digestion easy.
SEPARATING CALF FROM COW
Allow Young Animal. t Remain With
Dam for Day or So That It May
Receive tho First Milk.
It is well to allow tho calf to re
main with the dnm for a day or two
In order that It mny rccclvo tho co
lostrum, or first milk. Colostrum milk
bus u purgotivo effect which aids in
clearing out tho calf's digestive sys
tem. If the mother's milk is very rich,
It may bo necessary to feed milk with
a lower pcrccntngo of buttcrfnt
It is Qomcwhnt cnsler to tench young
cnlvcs to drink than It is to tench old
er ones, but in cither enso it is ncccs
snry for tho crtlf to becomo hungry by
tho omission of ono or moro feeds be
foro it will drink milk from a pail.
Ono method of teaching tho calf to
drink is to get it to Buck tho attend
ant's finger ns Its mouth.comes in con
tact with tho milk in tho pull. Tho
linger can bo withdrawn gradually,
and tho calf will usually continue to
tnko in tho milk. Patience, rattier
than force, Is a prerequisite on tho
part of tho feeder.
SPRAY MIXTURES FOR CQWS-
Ohio Experiment 8tatlon Recommends:
Fish Oil, Oil of Tar and Crude
Carbolic Acid.
Spray mixtures may add to tho com
fort of a cow by keeping off numerous
flics. Several of theso compounds may
bo mixed at home.
A mlxturo recommended for this
purnoso is glveu In Bulletin 207 of the
Ohio experiment station as, 100 parts
of Jlsh oil, 50 parts of oil of tar, and
one part of crudo carbolic acid. An
other formula is ono-hnlf gallon of oili
of tar, one-half gallon of cottonseed'
oil, nnd one-half pint of crudo carbolic,
ncld. Such mixtures sprnyed on cattle
keep off flies for a time.
COWS NOT MILKED PROPERLY
Not Much Gained by Feeding Unless
Farmer Gets All the Milk and
Butterfat Feed Makes.
Thero is not much to bo gained by
feeding a cow unles3 you are deter
mined to get all the milk and butterfat
tho feed makes. You cannot get all
the milk and buttcrfnt tho feed makes
unless you milk the cow right A lnrgo
pcrcentugo of cows nre not milked
right, so a largo loss of milk nnd a
larger loss of buttcrfnt result It is
ns Important thnt cows bo well milked'
as It is thut they be well fed.
BUILDING UP A DAIRY HERD!
Use of Purebred Bull Is Cheapest Way)
Too Much Stress Cannot Be
Laid to Ancestry.
Tho use of a purebred bull 1b the
cheapest way of building up a herd.
In selecting a bull too much stress can
not bo laid to his ancestry. Tho greater
the number of good producers In bis
pedigree, tho better tho chances fori
stamping deslrublo dairy characteris
tics upon his offspring. j