THE 8EMI.WEEKLY TRIBUNE, NORTH PLATTE, NEBRA8KA.
Whi Not Raise Some Beautiful
RosesThis Summer ? -Here's How !
Perhaps the most ad
mired and the oldest
of cultivated blossoms
: : If you will take
the trouble to care for
several bushes you
can add much to the
attractiveness of your
home during the com-
warm season
tng
6y ELMilford
THS roso hna probably been cultl
vntod ob long ns nny onuiiiientnl
plnnt, nnd it holds n warmer
ll(ico tu thu hearts of tbo people
than nny other llower. From earliest
times It has been u favorite. It Iuih
figured In tbo Htcrnturc of all nofi
nnd nil nations. Pcoplo In all stations
of Wli yield homage to Its beauty of
form nnd color nnd to Its delicious
frnKrnnce. It 1h loved by poor nnd
rich alike. It Is crown In the door
yards of tho lenst pretentious cottage,
whew often tbo occupants arc stinted
In food and raiment, as well as on tbo
grounds of largo estates, where abound
tho choicest things that money cm
buy. It is also grown In Immenso
quantities under glass and Is tbo most
popular winter cut flower for all occa
sions. So deep n hold has It on the
Climbing Roses After Pruning.
affections of tho people that It Is o'
ten spoken of ns tbo "queen of flow
ers." Wild roses abound in great variety
over practically all tho tempcrato re
glons of tbo earth. Alan has tuken
ndvnntngo of this and has appropria
ted tbo most pleasing wild forms for
his use. In nddltlon, bo hns so modi
tied nnd Improved tho wild sorts by
breeding nnd selection that now thero
Is it roso for every need.
Lawn and Border Roses.
Selection nnd breeding have boon
practiced with this best lovod of nil
flowers for ngca, nnd linvo resulted Id.
tho development of n multltudo 0
roso varieties, some of which nre
adapted to uso under almost nny con
ceivable conditions. By familiarizing
himself beforo tho planting seasons In
fall nnd spring with tho different types
of roses und tbo purposes for which
they arc espcclnlly suited, tbo rose
gardener In city or country may add
greatly to tho attractiveness of bis
homo.
Hoses for uso on lnwns and along
borders must hnvo habits of growth
nnd foliage which (It them particu
larly for mass effects. Follnge, In fnot,
is more to bo desired under such con
ditions than fine flowers, since It Is 11
feature during tho wbolu growing sen-
son, while tho flowers mny covof n pe
riod less than n fortnight In length.
When sultnblo sorts are chosen, rose?
uro qulto as upproprlnto and effective
V
S .
jFointofuhhn
TV
Ono fine roso which
has been found ndmlr
able for (his landscape
planting Is tho Uugosa
or Wrinkled .Tiipnneso
rose. It 1b hnrdy In tho
North, succeeds well In
tbo South, and thrives
within reach of ocean
sprny. It blooms nenrly
nil summer. Both red
nnd white vnrletlcs nre
nvnlluble. Tbo Cnrollnn
rose, nlso suitable for
lawn use, thrives In tbo
entlro territory enst of
tbo Mississippi river, suc
ceeding especially well In
moist places. Both these
varieties nro relntlvely tn.ll, reaching 11
height of from 0 to 8 feet. Tbo
Itosn luclda, a wild typo nntlvo
from Pennsylvania north, Is, on tho
other band, desirable for a low ground
cover 2 to 8 feet high. It grows well
at the seaside and under other ad-
ptho conditions. Tho Prulrlo rose has
a wider rangu than nny of tho other
roses named above, being nntlvo from
Canada to Florida and west to Wis
consin, Nebraska nnd Texas. It Is n
single vnrlety nnd thrives under nd-
verso conditions. Among tbo other
ooes which may bo particularly use
ful for landscape planting arc tbo Ar
kansas rose, Sweet Ilrlcr, Itosa cglnn
tcrla or Itosa lutea, Dwarf I'olyantha,
Cnbbago rose, and tbo Damask rose.
Tho roses classed In the lawn and I
border group nre ndnpted to a
range of soli conditions and may bo
counted on to succeed In nny but ex
tremely heavy or very sandy soils.
Many of them will do well oven on
such soli types. The prlnclpnl essen
tials nro thorough drainage and n plen
tiful supply of organic matter, with n
reasonably constant water supply dur
ing the growing season. In general a
soli capable of growing good garden
or Held crops Is suitable for roses. Tbo
deeper the soli nnd the better the
preparation at the beginning, tho
more sntlsfnctory will bo the results.
The best fertilizer for roses Is rotted
cow manure, though any other well-
rotted manure or good compost will
servo tho purpose. Fresh manure, es
pecially horso manure, should bo
avoided, though If- no other munuro Is
available It may bo used with extreme
care. It must not come in direct con
tact with tbo roots when planting nor
should nny quantity of It bo used Im
mediately beneath tho plnnt to cut off
direct connection with tho subsoil nnd
tho witter supply.
Proper depth for planting: (a) prop
tr toll level for grafted or budded
rose: (b) soli level If the plant were
on Its own roots.
for uso in relief planting about tho
ground lino of buildings or In musses
upon tho lawn or along borders as
other omnmentul shrubs. For such
use, however, they must be hardy nnd
moderately frco lit growth, and
must possess follngo reasonably dls
enso resistant nnd freo from Insect ct
tncJf.
frozen when received they should bo
placed where they will tbuw gradu
ally nnd should not be unpacked until
there is no question that the frost Is
out.
More plants nro killed by undue ex
posure of roots at planting time than
from nny other cause. No matter bow
short tho distance to tbo permanent
planting location, plants should bo
tnken thero with the roots thoroughly
covered. Tho roots mny be plnced In
a bucket of water while removing to
tho planting ground and until plant
ing, or they mny bo puddled In n mix
ture of thin clny nnd then kept cov
ered with wet burlap or other protec
tion. Care should be taken that tho
clay does not becomo dry beforo
wide
For Cut Flowero Nothing Can Rival
the Beauty of the Rose.
Roses Pruned for individual Bloom.
planting. It Is important to set tho
plnnts n little deeper thnn they were
before. If planted too deep, however,
the baric of tho burled stems would bo
Injured nnd growth would bo checked
until new roots form nearer tho sur
face. In planting dormant bushes It Is de
sirable to trim tbo ends of broken
roots nnd nny thnt nro too long Just
before they ore put Into tho bole, so
thnt there will bo smooth, fresh sur
faces which can callus and heal over.
It Is usual to have this fresh-cut sur
fa co on the under sldo of the root. Tho
holo In which the bush Is to bo
planted should be several Inches
larger across than tbo roots will ox-
Of tho commercial j tciul nnd ninPl0 ' depth, with a little
1 loose carin uu mu iiuuuui. 0.110 ruuiu
I should bo separated woll In all direc
lions with tho soil well worked In
among 'them, separating them Into
layors, each of which should be spread
out lllco tho Angers of the hand. When
tho holo Is partially full, tho plant
should bo shaken up nnd down so ns
to mnko suro It Is in closo contnet
with tho soil under tho crown where
the roots branch. When tho roots aro
well covered tho soli should be Armed.
This Is best doho by tramping. If tho
boII Is In proper condition tramping
cannot Injure the plnnts. This will
lenvo n depression about them, but nil
the roots will bo covered.
When nil nro plnnted, ench ono may
bo watered, although this usually is
not necessary, especially If tho roots
huvo been puddled before planting. If
wntcr Is applied, permit It to sonk In
about tho roots and then All tho holo
with dry enrth. Do not trnmp nfter
wittering. With tho Boll wot It would
bo Injurious to compact It more. If
not watered tho depression should bo
tilled with loose earth tho same ns
though it had been watered. After
planting no watering should bo done
SIS
fertilizers, ground bono Is excellent its
additional food. It will not, however,
answer ns 11 substitute for an abun
dant supply of compost. Cottonseed
meal, whoro It Is cheap enough, nitty
bo used ns n substltuto for bone. Wood
ashes aro sometlmea a helpful addi
tion or, when thoy nro not available,
lime and muriate of potnsh may bo
tised nnd should bo applied separate
ly. Itoso growers having only sandy
soils should muka moro frequent ap
plications of manure than those deal
ing with the heavier soils, slnco tho
organic matter burns out moro rnpl'l-
ly In n soil rich in sand.
Tho chief consideration In tho plant
ing plan for roses for landscapo ef
fects Is that tho plants should bo so
spaced that when they reach maturity
they will como together without over
crowding. Tho hnDlts of growth of
tbo particular varieties chosen will bo
the determining factor. Tho spacing
should In general nttige from 2 to 0
feet. Early spring planting is best In
tlto extreme northern pnrt of the
United States nnd on tho western
plains whoro thero nro strong drying
winds In winter. In other regions fall
planting Is advantageous but not naf-
Aclcntly so to warrant postponing
planting from spring until autumn.
When postdblo, howovor, It is well
enough to push planting In tho fnll
rather than to wait until spring.
spring planting biiouiu uo done oa
soon ns the ground Is dry enough to
work, or when U springs npnrt nft
being squeezed in tho hand. FnU
planting is best dono ns soon as th
leaves have fallen from trees and
bushes.
Planting mcthodn for border nnd
lnwn roses apply nlso to prnctlcnlly nlf
other roses. Stock should bo pluntcJ
r,s soon es posslblo after It arrives
When it Is impossible to plnnt lui
mediately, tho plnnts should bo placed
In a trench and tho roots covorcd. lr
the plant roots 'are dry when received
soaking tltcni in water tut hour or
more before this luolliig-ln Is douu l
desirable. If tho stems nro shriveled
plumpness may- bo restored and
growth Insured by burying tho whole
plnnt for u few days. If tho plants nro
be avoided. Most of tbo roses sug
gested for border nlnntlng nro Im
proved by having tho whole top cut
off crvery Ave or six years. All prun
ing of these roses should bo dono In
tbo nprlng, ns summer or fnll pruning
would remove the hips prcmnturely
und thus rob the plants of much of
their attractiveness during the winter.
Border and lnwn roses nro hardy
and need protection only under ex
tremely trying conditions. In the
nrld plnlns region, If the nututnn has
been exceptionally dry, It may be ad-
vlsnblo the first winter to provide n
good mulching ufter the soil has been
thoroughly soaked. Covering will bo
unnecessary.
Roses for the Arbor and Trellis.
The character of tho foliage and
hardiness should bo Important consid
erations In choosing types of climbing
roses for covering arbors, trellises,
pergolas, pillars nnd similar struc
tures. Roses used In this way nre
usunlly.ln conspicuous places nnd flow
ers enn bo depended on for ornumen-
tal effects for n relntlvely short period
only during tbo year. Climbing roses
with n poor lenf development or those
especially liable to nttuck by Insects
nnd diseases, therefore, mnko but n
poor nppenrnnce. The climbing roses
nro divided roughly Into two divisions.
Tho pillar roses are those not growing
moro than 0 or 8 feet high. The more
vigorously growing roses of tho group
nro the climbers or ramblers.
Of the trellis and nrbor roses the
members of tho Wlchurnlann or Me
morial croup aro among thoso most
resistant to disease nnd Insect attack.
They have foliage pleasing to tho eye
throughout prnctlcnlly nil sensons.
Tho blossoms aro white nnd single.
Tho Multlllorn climbers flower In
clusters. Many of them, however, es
pecially the so-called ramblers, are
subject to mildew and Insect attucks.
They are reasonably hardy In tho
North. Hoses of tho Laevigata group,
represented by the Cherokee, on the
other hand, require a worm climate.
This Is true also of the roses of the
climbing Noisette group represented
by the Marechnl Nlel nnd Lumarqtie.
These roses are suitable for culture
only In the wnrmer sections where the
winter temperature seldom falls below
10 degrees F. abovo zero.
Climbing roses require Inrge quanti
ties of plnnt food. The body of good
soil nvnlluble should be equal to n
muss 3 feet square nnd 30 Inches deep.
A holo of this voltimo should bo dug
nnd filled with good garden soli mixed
with well-rotted manure. Climbers,
like all other roses, require good
drainage. No roses will thrive whero
wnter stnnds about their roots. Plant-
Cross-Section of Well-Prepared
Bed.
TmM Apr Mr
Proper and
planting roses,
face of soli.
Improper depths of
The line Indicates our-
unless very dry wenther follows, nnd
oven then enro must be exercised not
to overdo It till after growth starts.
In watering, It Is desirable to draw
nwny some enrth from about tho bush,
apply tho wntor, nnd nfter It hits
looked In drnw dry anrtlt nbout tho
plnnt ngnln.
Tho purposes for which roses nre
planted largely will determine tho
pruning methods to bo employed. At
tho time of planting border nud lnwn
roses one-half to two-thirds of the
wood should bo removed. At Inter
primings weak branches should bo
taken off, nud long canes thnt would
bo llablo to whip around nnd loosen
the plant should bo cut buck. As fur
nB practicable, pruning other than this
should bo accomplished by cutting out
whole branches rather than by cutting
off tho ends. After tho flrst year,
pruning should consist of removing
dead, dying, or weak wood, nnd cross-
Ing branches, Including any that may
bo found with discolored pith, Cut
ting off tbo ends of branches should
Rose
lng should bo dono carefully ns In tbo
enso of roses for lnndscnpo purposes,
This method hns nlrendy been de
scribed.
Special pruning methods must bo
employed for climbing roses. These
methods nro determined by more or
less of n compromise between tho do-
stro. on tho ono hand, to force tho
growth of blossom-bearing, now wood,
by removing old wood, nnd, on the
other hnnd, tho desire to keep itrbors
nnd similar structures at lenst partial-
ly covered. One-half of tho wood
should bo pruned from all the climb
ers, ns front the other types of roses,
at planting time. In the case, of tbo
established plants tho Wlchurnlnnn
nnd hnrdy climbing roses should be
pruned Just nfter blooming. At this
tlmo young shoots will hnvo started
from the roots. The growth of these
shoota should be encouraged, ns It Is
from them that most of the branches
nro produced that bear the following
yenr's bloom. Tho best way Is to ro-
movo nil the old wood nt this time, so
that nil tho strength will go Into tho
young shoots. Whoro the roses nre
trained over n trelllB so high that ono
season's growth will not cover It, tho
method Just described Is not practi
cable. In such cases sonio of tho old
shoots should be cut off nt tho ground,
nnd tho others should bo shortened
from 8 to 0 feet, depending on the
amount of growth tho vino hns been
making ench year. Now shoots should
bo trained to toko tho placo of thoso
removed. It should bo kept constant
ly In mind that the present year's
growth benrs next yenr's flowering
branches nnd thnt n few vigorous
branches nro more desirable thnn
many wenk ones.
Hoses of tho hybrid Noisette group.
of which tho Marechnl Nlel Is u rep
resentative, siiouui tie trained to n
good strong cane, with tho side shoots
cut bnck to nbout thrco eyes. The,
mnln enno enn be renowed occasion
ally.
The Cherokee rose should bo treat
ed llko tho border roses, pruning only
dying or crossing branches. Kvery
few years it may ho cut back severely
und allowed to start ngnln.
TO CONDUCT NOTABLE WORK
... 1
Dr. Donnld B. Armstrong, who has
been selected by the Nntlonnl Tuber
culosis association to conduct the
"Frnmlngham experiment," Is n Penn
sylvnnlnn from Enston, with tho de
grees, Ph. B M. D., M. A., and M. S.,
tho lust named conferred on him by
the Massachusetts Institute of Tech
nology in 1013 for speclul studies In
biology and public health. lie is n
member of the half dozen national
health and medical associations, and
hns been purtlculnrly prominent in
New York city In public hcnlth work,
largely In connection with the Asso
ciation for the Improvement of tho
Condition of the Poor.
He lias been member or chairman
of at lenst a dozen municipal commit
tees touching food or health matters
nnd lecturer in three of the great col
leges of tho metropolis. Ho has
worked in co-operntlon with the Unit
ed States public health service, tho
New York state health department and associations In Connecticut nnd Rhodo
Island, and bus published more than 30 health nrtic)cs In medical nnd sanita
tion magazines.
It Is on account of his enormous activity thnt ho wns selected to bo
director of the Frnmlnghnm work, the most remnrknblo trlnl of its kind In
the history of medicine. It Is proposed to make in Framlnghnm a demonstra
tion of the possibilities thnt exist In wiping out tuberculosis, and for this
purpose $100,000 Is available, n fund given by the Metropolian Life, Insurance
company. Framlnghnm wns selected because it Is a representative manu
facturing center, In n stnte with a good henlth depnrtracnt nnd having itself
nn excellent health ofllclal and a wlde-nwnke government. It furthermore
gave promise of thnt public co-operation, without which no henlth work cnu
succeed.
NESBIT AND HIS POEM
nns Wilbur D. Nesblt written n
new nntlonnl nnthem In his poem,
"Your Flag and My Flag?" The sim
ple, stirring verses nre now sweeping
the country, nnd one enthusiastic nd-
mlrer pronounces them the best ex
pression of American sentiment since
Drake wrote his famous poem begin
ning "When Freedom from her moun
tain height." Still others declnro the
song to bo more American In Its ex
pression nnd more in tune with nn
tlonnl thought of today than "The Stur
Spnnglcd Bnnner," or even "America."
In some respects the words of the for
mer might be considered out of date.
Nesblt's poem is for all time.
Without entering Into a discus
sion of Its merits us compared with
other nntlonnl songs nnd poems, It is
Interesting to note thnt no poem pub
lished In recent years has so thorough
ly taken hold of tho American people.
Tho flrst etnnzn mny be quoted:
"Your flag and my flag
And how it Ales todny
In your land nnd my land
And half n world away I
Hose-red and blood-red ' '
The stripes forever gleam ;
Snow-white nnd soul-white ' :
The good forefathers' dream.
Sky-blue nnd true-blue, with stnrs to gleum aright
The gloried guidon of the day, a shelter through the night." -
Mr. Nesblt for years was known us one of Antrim's fnrnnmor mnrrntn
nnd nowspaper writers.
HE COMES FROM MEXICO
3
The new Mcxlcnn ambassador to
the United States, Ygnaclo Bonlllns,
seems likely to All n vacancy in Wash
ington's diplomatic bluo book left by
the recall of Count von Bernstorff.
Both men hnvo American wives,
both speak perfect English and both
nre brond men of tho world. But hero
the parallel Is broken.
Count von Bernstorff wns nn aris
tocrat to his Anger tips. Senior Bo
nlllns Is n democrat with the smnllest
"d," willing to go tho limit In tnklng
from the lnnded Mexlcnn clnsses to
help the peon.
Count von Bernstorff liked tho
newspnper men, nnd wns tho most pop
ular diplomat In Washington among
them. Senor Bonlllns, according to
newspaper men who have encountered
him, regards both the newspaper and
the newspaper man ns fifth wheels.
All who know tho Mexlcnn nm-
llOUailflnit nrvnn ,lmt 1. 1 .. 1 I
gonial mnn, thoroughly educnted along prnctlcnl lines ho wns n surveyor
before he entered Cnrrnnzn's cabinet and yet enough of a dreamer and
...w..v i uu uuc VL ulu eiuaesi men in utrranza's councils.
OFFICE BOY TO PEERAGE
A former ofllco bov emnlnvnrt tiv n
Montreal newspaper has been created
u British neer. tho first
Canadian to sit in the British house of
bonis. Ho Is Sir Huch Onlinm nrn.
prletor of tho Montrenl Star.
Graham Is ono of tho dominion's
Eelf-miido men, probably its most emi
nent Journalist. Ho is tho first nmvs.
paper mnn of nny British overseus pos
session, unnnua, Australia, South Af
rica or nny other, to bo elevated to tho
peerage. Ho has been created a baron,
but has not decided what titlo ho will
assume.
iiio remarkable qualities of
new Canadian noor nro Rlimvn w
fact that thouch nt tlin non nf fifn
ho Is now sixty-nine ho was an otllco
boy on tho Montreal Telegraph, Just
two years later ho becamo general
manager of tho samo paper, being then
only seventeen. Ia two years moro
this remnrknble VOUIli? mnn wna niti
tho
tho
- ou luiiiuiueu ior 4U yenrs.
