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About The North Platte semi-weekly tribune. (North Platte, Neb.) 1895-1922 | View Entire Issue (Sept. 7, 1915)
THE SEMI-WEEKLY TRIBUNE. NORTH PLATTE, NEBRASKA. AMERICA GETS $52,000,000 OF BRITISH GOLD c APPLE TREES ARE INDIVIDUAL PROBLEMS WEST VIRGINIA'S BAD ROADS To strengthen British financial prestige in Now York markets, $52,000,000 In treasure, two-thirds in gold and ono-thlrd in securities, which had hoen shipped by the Brink of England from London via llnlifax, arrived at the tormina! of tho Amorican Express company at Thirty-third street and Tenth avenue, Now York, in seven steel cars garrisoned by forty armed men. Tho greatest treasure cargo ever trusted to ono bottom crossed tho Atlantic In a British battleship accompanied by a flotilla of torpedo-boat destroyers and a cruiser. Tho photograph shows twenty thrco wagon loads of the gold being transported through tho streets of New York guarded by tho armed men of the express company and a detail of mounted police. RAISE GIE BIRDS Minnesota Folk Plan to Cultivate Wild Duck. Will Also Go In For Quail and Pheas ant, If Market for Them Develops To Distribute From 5,000 to 10,000 Eggs. Minneapolis, More than 100 resi dents on tho CC.000 acres of land with in tho Minnctonka gamo rofugo will ralso mallard duckH, pheasants and quail next season and If their ex periments provo as successful an thoso of pooplo in other states, theso throo varieties of gamo birds may soon bo as readily obtalnablo in tho markets as chickens, turkoys and geeso aro now. From 5,000 to 10, 000 eggs aro to bo distributed among thoso who will oncourago tho propaga tion of wild life and if tho ratio of young birds to eggs holds truo, tho rofugo will bo heavily stocked, whllo outsido of It by 1917 thoro should bo moro birds as fair marks for sports men than thero aro now under pro tection. Thus, whllo tho rofugo remains a havon wherein fowl may breed, thoro will bo enough gamo outsido to keep tho huntsmen busy. It Is cstlmntcd by Frank D. nialr, Flold Superintendent of tho Minne sota Gamo and Fish Protoctlvo league, that within tho proscribed torrltory about 1,000 mallards, from 5,000 to 10,000 quail and no mora than a dozen pheasants havo been taking sholtor. At tho end of two seasons ho bo- iiovob mat tnoro win Do no.uuo or 40,000 birds, tho most marked in creaso being among tho pheasants now very raro which should bo 5.000 strong. "Tho rato of Increaso of theso wild birds In captivity Is romarknhle," said Mr. Blair tho other tiny. "Mallards will lay an avorago of 40 eggs a sea son, quail from 30 to 50, nnd pheaBnnts from 30 to 40. When thoy aro liv Ing In a wild stato they usually lay several batehoB of oggs and then hatch out only ono batch, whllo In captlv lty nil tho eggu aro Bavcd. Birds hatched will average roughly about GO per cent of tho eggs. "Tho moat serious difficulty con fronting thoso who oxperlmont In tho propagation of wild birds is in keep ing them soparatod from poultry. Thoy aro especially suscoptlblo to dis eases that aro communicated irom coops nnd land whoro ehlckonB, havo been. A bantam hen 1b most gonerally used to sot on tho eggs and frequently breeders mako tho mlstnko of turning tho young birds Ioobo In tho chlckon yards along with tho hen. "Tho Minnctonka residents who ex pect to rnlso mallards, pheasants and qunll aro actuated by a doslro to In creaso tho number of birds within tho rofugo. Though thoy will bo put to some trouble, tho returns eventu ally, thoy bellovo, will moro than off. set tho tribulations," IS PLANNING A FOX FARM Wisconsin Youth Sees Money nnd Fame In Project Would Interest Federal Government. Appleton, Wis. A fox farm may bo PRtnbllshod In tho northern part of WlBConsIn by Tnlcott Barnes, son of uto lata cx-uongroBsmnn Barnes of tills city. An offort to Interest tho federal government In tho project will bo mndo by Mr, Barnes. rongrossmnn Thomas F, Konop of (ho Ninth congressional district hnB ngreod to do all ho can to securo tho aid of tho department of agriculture In tho ontorpriso. Tho roprcaoutatlvo will go to Washington soon, and whllo it i itt uicro no win present tno matter to tho secretary of ngrlculturo and try to obtain financial assistance to start tho farm. iMia enn uo acquires at a small -OBt In northern Wisconsin, and Mr, Barnes can stock the farm with onl mala from a, farm ho Is Interested In In Saskatchewan, Can. HIS GARDEN SINKS TEN FEET I Jersey Farmer Fears He'll Havo Only a Hole in the Ground Left. Belvidoro, N. J. Johnston Cornish, a farmer of Harmony township, hns a Bunken garden that Is being created by naturo and ho fears dally that the bottom will drop out and leavo him with only a holo In tho ground. Tho trouble started after a storm somo daya ago, when a depression was noticed In ono of tho fields plant ed with garden truck. Steadily this depression has grown until a consid erable nrea Is affected. Now tho earth Is from ten to twelve feet lower than It was two weeks ago. It 1b thought nn underground stream of considerable size, having Its source somewhere up In tho hills, has been slowly eating away tho underlying strnta, thus allowing tho surface to sink. Examination along tho Dela ware river does not indlcnto any now spring breaking into It, but it is thought ono bus broken out in tho bed of tho stream. Last winter a section of tho public highway some distance from the Cornish farm caved In and left a con siderable hole, but it was filled in and no trouble hna been experienced there bince. PREMIER OF CANADA hlr llobert L, Borden, premier of Canada, roeontly visited Great Brit alu and Franco for tho purpoao of dls cussing with tho authorities tho co operation of tho Dominion In tho war. Canada's finances and resources and tho manufacture of munitions of war woro among tho subjects which ro celved attention. FIND OLD WEAVING SHUTTLE Prehistoric Sample Is Now In Ethno. logical Department of the Okla homa University, Norman, Okla. A small boat-shapod stono implement, holiuvcd to bo tho handiwork of somo prehistoric race, htit" been received by J. B. Thobum, member of the ethnological depart munt of tho Htato Unlvorslty. it was sent to Mr. Thobum by lCdward B. An- dorHon, formerly an arts and selonco student of tho unlvorslty, now located at Anglln, Tex. According to Mr. Thobum, tho im plement Is a shuttla used In weaving, and probably was mado by somo pro 1 lSiOrlo raco that luhablted tho south- wem section of tho United States. It 1h regarded by Mr. Thobum as ono of tho moBt lntoroBtlng relics he has re c.olwn in soiuo Uihh GUIDE ID HERS Perry Memorial on Lake Proves Its Utility. Erie Doric column 335 Feet High Is Sur- mounted by Powerful Lights, Visi ble at Great Distance De signed as Monument. SandiiBky, O. Tho Doric column or main shaft of tho Perry memorial nt I'ut-In-Bay, recently completed, haB como to bo considered nn important landmark by Great Lakes region mar- lnor8. Vlsiblo by day from points afar, it serves as a guide through tho northern course, between tho Cana dian mainland and tho shores of tho Islands comprising tho Lako Erlo archipelago, and tho treacherous south passago, between tho Islands on tho south and tho Ohio shores. By night its powerful lights can be seen from nlmost any point In Lake Erlo between Cleveland on tho east and Toledo and Detroit on tho west. In tho United States luko survey's current bulletin tho shaft Is described as "located at about tho mlddlo ot tho low, nnrrow neck of land forming the southernmost shoro of Put-In-Bay Island, in approximately latitude 41 degrees, 39 minutes and 14 seconds north; longitudo 82 degrees, 48 min utes nnd 41 seconds west." Tho government ofllclnlly describes tho shaft as "a Doric column of whi! granite, surmounted by a bronzo tripod and bowl containing electric lnmps which cast an indirect tllu- minntlon throughv a pinto glass cov ering," nnd mentions that "tho column Is 45 feet in diameter nt tho baso and 335 feet in height, measured from tho torrnco at its base to tho top of tho tripod, and forms n conspicuous land mark from tho Inko. Tho cornerstono of tno snort was laid September 10, 1913, the on'o hun dredth anniversary of tho battle of Lako Erlo, in the presenco of repre sentatives of tho national government and tho states ot Ohio, Pennsylvania, Michigan. Illinois, Wisconsin, Now York, Ithodo Islnnd, Kentucky, Minne sota nnd Louisiana. Tho momorlnl ns a wholo was de signed as a monument to Commodore Oliver Hazard Perry and his men, victors in tho battlo fought on Put-In- Boy that permanently fixed tho pres ent boundnry lino between tho United States and Canada In tho Great Lakes section and on east to tho Atlantic. For ono hundred years tho gallant Perry and his men had boon all but forgotten, tho only tributo to their memory being a llttlo pyramid of rusty connon balls In ono of tho pub lic parks nt Put-In-Bay. It wns after tho memorial had been designed that tho possibilities that strong rays of light shod from tho top of tho Doric column or main shaft might bu tho mcaiiB of saving lives or servo to protect against an enemy bocanio apparent and stops wero taken to establish tho landmark thnt tho leuorai government lias pust rec ognized. Tho Doric column is little moro than a contrai point uround which much costly structural work remains to bo dono. A museum Is to bo erected at the right of th 3 plaza, In tho center of which It rostfl. A stntuo flankod by n colonnadu typifying Peaco and Arbi tration, will bo erected on tho left. Tho work Is of such a nnturo that It must necessarily proceed slowly. Thoro Is every promlso, however, that nt tho end ot another year tho plans will havo been brought to full fruition. A Kicker of a Hubby. Flint, Mich. Complaining that her husband had tho habit of bcutlng hor ho badly that ho broko somo of hor bones ovory onco In a whllo, Mrs. Car- rlo D. Anderson has begun proceed ings for dlvorco from Cyrus Andorson. Sho alleges that on ono occasion ho kicked her and caused uu injury from which sho Is still suffering, and again ho struck hor so aa to causa hor to Buffer from a stiff neck for throe years. Farmers Lose Immense Sums Each Year Through Their Inability to Get Products to Market. " Bad roads In West Virginia cost the stato $50,000,000 a year," declared A. D. Williams of Morgantown, stato road engineer, to a Washington PoBt representative the other day. "I mean by this that at least that much money is wasted every year by reason of tho Inability of tho farmers to get their products to market. Thousands of tons of apples and other fruit, garden truck and food supplies are allowed to rot In the orchards and gardenB becauso tho roads are too bad to haul it to market. Just to Illustrate, Joo Swope, editor of a county paper, noted that ho was paying ono dollar a bush el for apples. A neighbor In an ad joining county, sixteen miles away, wrote tho editor and said ho would Well-Graded, Finely Built Macadam Road In West Virginia. give tho newspaper man all the ap- plcB ho wanted If he would haul them away. "The building of good roads is a tre mendous 'economical problem, not merely ono of convenience. The au tomobile undoubtedly has been largely instrumental In bringing about the good roads movement, or rather in giving impetus to it. That and the high cost of living are principal fac tors in tho general campaign now go ing on In many states for good roads. West Virginia this year will spend $5,000,000 in Improving her highways, tho different counties having voted bonds to that amount, and In the wholo United StateB tho amount spent fo; good roads this year will probably reach $250,000,000. Last year wo spent about $200,000,000, and tho Increase this year will bo fully 20 per cent, I be Heve." DRAG THE ROADS When the smile3 of spring ap pear Drag the roads; When tho summertime Is here, Drag tho roads; "When tho corn Is in tho ear, In tho winter cold and drear, Every season of tho year. Drag the roads. When you'vo nothing else to do, Drag tho roads; If but for an hour or two Drag the roads; It will keep them good as now; With a purpose firm nnd truo. Fall in lino; it's up to you Drag tho roads. Tho Kansas Industrialist. More Drags Needed. The splltlog drag has contributed more toward tho economic maintcn ance of public hlghwnys than any Im plement of modern usage. It does not require special acts of tho legislature, bond Issui's nor expensive educational campaigns to mako it availaulo n usually precedes construction work. A drag can be built or purchased for $20 and Is easily operated by anyono who can drive a teom. Wo need more drags. Tar-Macadam Road. The tar-macadam road has given tho best service of nny form of street surfacing tried in Calcutta. Two Good Schemes. Thoro aro two schemes which may bo used to advantage on tho roads. Tho first Is to grado with a traction engine, tho second to lot tho grading ty contract. No Permanent Development. Wltljout good roads, thoro can be no development that will bo perma nent nnd enduring. Place for Tractor. The tractor Is finding a great place In road biilldlua. , ' ' ' ' ' ' 'i , -. :::'f In Orchard 1 year BEFORE PRUNING Just as your boy John seems wholly different from his brother Richard nnd your daughter Helen has to be either coaxed or punished whllo Mary Ib obedient to tho slightest parental sug gestion, so every tree In your apple orchard Is an Individual problem. If apple growing Ib to reach its max imum possibilities, pruning must be carefully practiced, horticulturists agree, but specific rules universally applicable cannot be laid down. There aro certain general principles, however, and theso F. S. Merrill, as sistant in horticulture in the Kansas State Agricultural college, emphasizes. Not only young trees, but neglected ones, aro discussed by Mr. Merrill. Condition Governs Pruning Time. "Tho tlmo for pruning," says Mr. Merrill, "will be governed largely by tho condition of the orchard. Where winter pruning is not too extensive, It Is usually carried on in the late winter months. Pruning in winter Is not dangerous to the tree, nor Ib It danger ous to saw oft a limb when the wood Is frozen. The greatest drawback to midwinter pruning Is the Inconven ience to tho pruner. "The effect of heavy winter prun ing Is to promote a heavy wood and watersprout growth. The reason for this Is that tho roots have been un changed while tho top has ben re duced. To restore the balance that normally exists between tho top and tho root system, a vigorous growth takes place. This is Important In re juvenating old or neglected trees, but should be avoided In healthy trees of bearing age. A light pruning, how over, will not cause the excessive wood growth, and may Keep a tree in good physical condition. To Increase Fruit Production. "Summer pruning should bo done after tho rapid growth of the spring has been completed. This type of pruning tends to overcome tho pro duction of watersprouts and heavy wood growth and Is frequently rec ommended as an agent for increasing production in barren trees. Tho sum mer pruning must bo light, consisting in pinching back tho growing shoots, and is not possible except in trees that have been well cared for. "The pruning should bo done annu ally. If it Is dono periodically, tho tree becomes unbalanced and too many largo limbs havo to be removed. Such a condition Is llablo to be fol lowed by heavy wood growth, and heavy fruit production does not take place in trees that are making rank wood groowth. Keep Fungous Diseases Out. "All cuts should bo mado close to tho limb from which the branch is to bo cut, and tho surface should be ns smooth as possible. This enables tho callus to form and grow most easily. A cut should never be made bo that water can lodge on or around It, for such a condition will increase the dan ger of Infection by fungous diseases, "If a large limb must bo removed tho pruner must bo careful to prevent the limb from splitting at the baso. Ho may do thlB by cutting off the limb a short distance from tho trunk and then removing tho stub. Even this additional work may bo avoided by making nn undercut from one-third to one-half through tho limb. In mak ing such a cut, it Is often difficult to have tho cuts meet and In that case tho cuts should be smoothed over to aid tho healing process. How to Treat Young Trees. "Tho usual age of trees at tho time of planting Is either ono or two years. BEFORE. PRUNING AFTER PRUNING The pruning of a two-year-old treo at tho tlmo of planting is tho same as for a one-year-old after ono year's Growth In the orchard. "Tho ono-year-old tree Is a straight whip, varying iu length according to tho variety and tho conditions under which it has grown. Tho one-year treo has tho advantage of tho two-year treo in that tho grower can start tho , head at tho point at which ho desires. Tho height of heading should bo be tween 14 and 24 Inches. Whether the trees aro pruned to a high or a low head, is a personal question and thee aro points in favor of both, but tho weight of facts Is In favor of a low headed tree. Tho liability of damage from sun scald is lessoned, tho trees are easier to pruno and to spray, tho fruit is harvested more easily, and the trees aro not so badly damaged by wind. "Tho method of pruning is tho same for either type. Tho whip should be cut to a bud, generally on tho south sldo, as tho winds often reduco the growth on this sldo of tho tree. A smooth cut should bo mado, sloping away from tho bud to hasten healing over. If 'the trees aro strong and tho season favorable, from four to eight shoots will be sent out on the original stem. Theso shoots aro to form the scaffold branches. Improving Form of Tree. "The pruning for the second and third years will consist in improving and developing tho form of the treo. Tho main leaders should be cut baek as in the younger trees. Tho lateral shoots should not bo cut back so se verely, for tho grower should aim to develop a good strong tree. If tho branches are crossing or interfering, they may be headed back, or the weak er shoots may be removed. All shoots that grow back through tho center of the treo should bo removed. "Tho pruning from the third year should bo dono so as to form a com pact treo. "After this time, tho formation of tho fruit spurs should bo started. If tho growth is very rank, tho spurs will form slowly, but In tho slow growing varieties tho spurs are formed early. Besides tho natural forma tion, tho heading back of the small shoots may convert theso into fruit spurs. If this work on tho young trees is dono regularly, only small Hmb3 will need to bo removed, and tho treo will como into bearing at ans earlier ago than othorwlso." FEWER BIRDS THAN IN FORMER TIMES More Encouragement and Pro tection Would Increase Num ber and Decrease Pests. Our bird population Is much lesa than It ought to bo, according to tho biologists. Moro protection and en couragement would holp to Increase the number of birds and correspond ingly decrease the number of insect DOStS. That breeding birds prefer thlckly inuablted centers of population to for ests In ono of the conclusions of the census. This refutes tho wide-spread belief that humans and birds are nat urally antagonistic. It also seems probablo that as our human population Increases so will our bird population. AFTER PRUNING