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About The North Platte semi-weekly tribune. (North Platte, Neb.) 1895-1922 | View Entire Issue (Sept. 3, 1915)
THE 8EMI-WEEKLV TRIBUNE NORTH PI ATTE. NEBRARKA. EUROPEAN CKal IK-nElTmEUflirr rAELYJHAN HfenHj :L BrKC. NELSON TvY HL L mm ms CRH"T I mms Af&mw nmjc 1 'y t - V -J HHKB aro recorded ut the present tlmo for the Houtliorn two-thirds of Europe, Including Mediterranean Aaln unci Africa, no leas than four hundred paleolithic stations, that Is, places whero ronialna of ono kind or another havo been loft behind by early man. Thla man was pri marily a hunter and Ills chief center of activity appears to havo been what Is now southwestern Franco and northeast t-ni Spain, although normally, Austria, Italy, Bel 'fiinni, England, and to a lesser dogroo other conn OloH, caino wltliln hla range This apparent dis tribution may bo docoptlve, however. Many of tlio Htatlonii aro out In tho open, as for oxamplo i u tho valloy torracos of tho Thames and tho Kommo; but tho majority of tho sites, especially those of lator tlmos, aro sheltered In aomo way. fl'lio Bholtor may consist niorcly of nn overhang ing cliff, It may bo a grotto yawning on tho nioun lain fllda and It may bo tho far Interior of a cave. This latter typo of slto It la relatively easy to find liy making a dollbcrato search whllo tho location of an nticlont camp or workshop In tho open coun try n tho rosult only of chanco. It Is concclvnblo of courso that thoso roaming, migratory hunters rcturitod seasonally to tho natural shelters, but on tho othor hand. It Is possible that many of them built huts aomo of tho geometric cavo paintings luiggost that thoy did and unless theao huts stood In vory closo proximity to some sheltering cliff, all traces of the spot niul Us relics would bo loRt. Jlonco, wo may properly tako for granted that hundreds of archeologtcal stations will remain uu dlficovorod, In consequence of which our" notion of tho actual strength of tho population at any given placo during these early millenniums of human exlstonco must continue Imperfect, if not Inadequate An nooil hardly bo stated tho proaonco of natural habitations depends ordinarily on a high rollot or a tnoro or less mountainous topogruphy. Oavos aro most abundant In volcanic regions aa In tho western Utiltod States, or In limestone ureas such aB Kontucky and adjacent common woaltha. Ejheltors aro notahlo features of stoop willed valloya or box-canyons and our own cliff dweller roglon affords tho beat example of them ami tholr utilization. In Europa tho most famous cavo groups aro located in tho lower Pronch Pyronocs and tholr Cautnbrlau extension In north ern Spain, whllo tho oqually faraouB Bholtor roglon Includes ,ahort soctlons of tho Vozoro and Bouno valloyH at Loo Eyzlos, in tho French dopartmont of Dordogno. Doth roglona aro wonderfully pic turosquo and Impressive, and barring aomo alter utfons In tho flora thoy havo not changed much In general nppcaranco slnco tho arrival of paleo lithic man. Thoso caves and sholterB nro all In HinoHtono formations and nro tho results chiefly of mechanical erosion. Some of tho caves, espe cially thoso of tho lower altitudes, aro still In procosa of making, whllo others, woll up on tho mountain uldoB, aro vory anclont in fact, woro in tholr old ago whon man first entered them. Itoughly spoaklng, tho shelters proper, that Is (ho overhanging cliffs and tho wldo open grottoos woro tho homes of paleolithic man and theroforo naturally furnish us witli Important data concern ing hla physical mako-up, his practical ability, and tho general nnturo of his ovoryday Hfo. Tho cayjjM, on tho othor hnnd, served him mainly as gallcrtos for a remarkable series of paintings, en gravings and carvings, which In a moasuro rovcal to iia his mental attitude toward liro. Tho cavos, It must bo undorBtood, woro exceedingly dark and damp, ordinarily unlit for habitation, except pob iilbly ao temporary rotrcat during tho hard win ters, and contrariwise, tho sholtor walls, having boon oxposod for thousands of years to tho woath orng olomonts, could not havo preserved for us olthor paintings or delicate ongravIngB that may .have boon mado upon thorn. Thoro aro several jiomowhat qualifying exceptions to thoso sweeping 'utatomontB howovor. For instance, tho Gargna 'cavorn, noar Montrojoau, Franco, and llkowlso tho Altamtra cavo, noar Santnndor, Spain, appear to Jmvo boon occuplqd for protracted periods, al though In both casos only vory closo to tho on tninco. On the other hand, soma of tho shelters iiuch as Cap nianc, near Lob Eyzlos, Franco, liavo preaorvod, mainly through accident, a flno nurlos of high rollof sculptures. But as a general thing tho camp niton aro In largo half-opon Rhol or, usually facing tho sun, whllo tho ontrancos to tho palntod cavos faco in nny direction, and fr Uio most part aro vory small and Inconsplcu Aim, At CuBtlllo only thoro Is tho porfoct combl nation -a largo, sunny grotto, which was occuplod periodically throughout moot of paleolithic times ami which served besides aB tho vostlbulo to a considerable cavo, famous for Its mural art. An examination of tho various Dordogno shel ters, couplod with a study of tho changing typos found In them, Is most Instructive. Nearly all of tho stations horo are at tho baso of tho high cliffs that hodgo tho narrow valleys on ono or tiotti sides; but In a fow instances tho rollc-bear-ling debris Hob on an oroded lodgo somo dlBtanco lap the faco of tho protecting wall. Almost within Senator Mnrcus A. Smith of Ari zona tnkcB great prldo In tho means by which ho built up a lino of credit back in tho days when ho was a strug gling young lawyer In Tucson. Shortly nftor he began living in Tucson, Smith fell in with a pleasant chap from Boston named Stobblns, and another man named Charleu Leach, from whom ho could borrow money, and by that means ho con trived to llvo until he could got a toehold in his profession, Ho would borrow $100'from Stobblns and prom iso to pay him back on tho first of tho month. When tho debt was duo ho went to Loach and borrowed enough to pay off StebblnB and square his board bill. Tho next time ho would got money from Stobblns to pay Loach, and so on. Ho novcr failed to pay promptly on tho first day of tho month, and In that way established a great lino of credit. Ho could borrow almost any amount from olthor Stob blns or Leach. After his law practlco gavo him onough to run by his own steam, and he no longer needed to borrow, ho still kept on borrowing from Leach and Stobblns for several ycara and paying thom back right on the dot. Why did ho do it? Simply for the purposo of advertising his credit. Senator Smith had a law preceptor back in Kentucky who gavo him a bit of advlco that ho has followed through all these years. Tho professor said: "Avoid cultivating too much sense of humor. Don't crack Jokes, but look serious. If you aro trying a case that scorns funny to you, remember that to somebody It may bo a tragedy. Above all things, aa you go through life, bo solemn; bo no solemn as an nss." So Marcus Smith has abstemiously avoided jokes and japory. borloiiR journey, viz, the representations ot two bison (male and female) modeled In clay. The ilgures, which are about two feet In length, are propped acalnat the sloping WHEN KENYON COMPROMISED U-Z-?T WW?, KS. riOOaVAlN AYD ClFF WALL earshot of Los Kyzies are a series of stations which taken together furnish data on human his tory practically from Achoullan times to tho present day. Theao stations begin with the old obscured Hlioltor of La Mleoque, Include tho par tially rulnod shelters of Upper and Lower Lau gorlo; another ledge-aholter that served old-tlmo brlgnuda aa a rendezvous and nlsn as a fortress to defy tho English In 1-110; still nnothor ledgo marked by ruins of what looks like aomo old baronial chateau; and end up finally with tho moro or loss well-kept housos ot tho modorn peasant. These housos often stand on several motors of ancient rollc-bcarlng debris und seem to cling In nn Infantile sort of way to the over hanging cliff In spite of Its cold, damp nature. Some dlstnnco up the Vozorc, at tho Hock of St. Chrlstophor, whore tho last houses havo been ro moved, thoro aro over four meters of dobrls dating from neolithic to present tlmo, and tho adjacent cliff Is marked by several series of par allel holes, cut for tho Insertion of celling boams, precisely bb wo find thom In our own Southwest. Somo of thoso holes aro high up tho cliff, but others aro bolow tho surfaco of tho accumulated dobrls, which Is itsolf bolow tho high-water mark of tho rlvor, With all this ovldonco suggestive ot continuous occupation, it is not to bo wondered at that somo students profess to soo among tho local Inhabitants a number of individuals that rosomblo tho physical typo of paleolithic man. A visit to tho palntod caves Is the oxporlcnco of a ltfotlmo; but whllo It Is an ndveuturo bound to oxclto mora enthusiasm than tho examination of tho sholtors, It is loss instructive and certainly loss convincing. It is also an undertaking fraught with aomo difficulty and disappointment, except perhaps In such casos as Altamlra, Nlaux and Font-do-Gnumo. Tho painted and Incised repre sentations on tho cavo walls are seldom so plain and striking as ono might Infer from tho superb reproductions in tho published reports, and to mako thom out tho visitor must tako tlmo. . In this effort to declphor, ho is most ably assisted by Prof. Emtio Cnrtallhao ot Toulouse, who has given a good part ot his life to tho Btudy of paleolithic nrt and who as present guards nearly all tho Pyrononn cavorns. In Spain und In tho Dordogno country, howovor, local guides must bo taken, and as thoso aro not always competent, tho student who would profit by his opportunity must preparo himself beforehand In regard to what Is to bo soon and then Insist on being shown, or ho may not soo much. Years ago Senator William S. Kenyon of Iowa wis running for coun ty prosecutor on tho Republican sldo ot a rock which ticket. Ills Democratic opponent had rises from the uoor, tlio backing of a man who was not and In front of tlio am- 0nly tho leading Democrat In the corn mats on tho Hoor there mUnlty but also had a beautiful daugh- are some tracings as if tor. Kenyon 'was extremely fond of the artist had nerc tho beautiful daughter, and that mado sketched and linpro- complications. For Kenyon feared vised before beginning that if her father opposed him In poll- his real woric. adoui tics ho might got tho namt ana opposo twcntv-flve feet awav In a low sldo chamber Is to xm m other and moro serious ways. bo seen tho placo whore the modeler Bcraped to- Moreover, tho daughter was ono of gother the clay off tho lloor and kneaueii it. i wo tho dutiful kind that snared lier ra- or three worked rolls of his material sun no ther s view that to vote anything out there. Tho wholo thing Jooka as If done a week the straight Democratic ticket was ago, and yet tho bison has been absent from tho wicked. One day when Kenyon went locality probably for thousands of years. to call ho found tho daughter in tears, Tho least suggestion of skepticism Is in Keep- She confessed reluctantly that sho had Ing with the general Impression that tho visitor had words with her-father. It seemed retains from tho painted caves. It is a most bat fling exporlonce. When tho Investigation is con fined to tho stratified deposits everything Is beau tifully simple Art objects have a definitely as cortalnnblo plnco In tho series and go back to Aurlgnaclan times. Tho caVo proper is of tho Flu V V- ' ,yi..tl";"j: V.:. ' ' ' samo general style as that of tho stratified rofuso that father hnd refused her a favor- refused to scratch tho tickot to voto for a certain young man who was running for prosecutor. With that encourage- Kenyon went to tho daughter's father and effected a compromise by which the father agreed to givo Kenyon his daughter, but absolutely refused to yield his suffrage. But Kenyon. by way of making the thing complcto, went and must of courso be of tho samo date; more- ahead and beat father's candidate for prosecutor, anyway, after which both over, tho animals represented aro in nearly all cascB elthor extinct or absent from tho region. And yet almost all tho mural flgurca In tho caves aro wltliln reach of tho hand. In othor words, tho caves havo undergono 110 particular changos slnco the artist did his work. Not a" fow of tho paintings, and especially tho finer engravings seem as fresh as If done yesterday. In tho Pin- dal cavo is tho representation of a fish Incised on tho wall and tho visitor who examines It close ly would awear that ho could mako a lino exactly Hko It with a lead poncll, but with Professors Broull and Obormaler standing behind him he sayB nothing. And how did paleolithic man -man- ago to get about in theso caves? It is unsafe to movo ten stops In thom without a light. It Is true that a vory fow Btono, basins havo been found that may havo served purposes similar to tho Eskimo lamp, or tho artist's right-hand man may havo carried a torch; but thoro aro no signs of such torchos or of carbonization on tho walls in tho vicinity of tho paintings, although smoko spots mado by modern lamps and candles hold too closo aro abundant onough. The conviction that thla cavo art is not so old as some would havo us bollevo seems IrroBlstiblo. ho and daughter laughed at father right heartily. HE WAS SILENCED. FRANCE'S NAVAL HERO .Admiral Bouo do Lapeyrcre, com mander of tho French naval forces, is as popular in Franco as is Admiral Jellicoe in England. Ho entered tho French navy nearly forty years ago, and from tho outset of his career ho -"displayed marked ability. One of his early commands was in China, when he obtained distinction at tho battlo of Foo-Chow. His flng Bhip led the attack against tho enemy, and tho personal courago ho displayed mado him tho hero of Franco. Slnco then ho has success fully conducted several diplomatic ex peditions In tho Baltic and the Medi terranean. It has always boon the policy of Admiral Lapoyrero to accompany hla fleet in tho fighting lino. Ho is not a bellbvcr in nrm-chair commanding. Ho prefers to personally give hla or ders from his flagship to directing af fairs from land through tho agency of wireless. This means that ho Said She After all you must admit that wom en aro bettor than men. Said Ho Oh, I don't know. Tho good nook must fac0 serious risks, but tho French admiral is quite ready to encounter doesn't say anything about seven devils being any danger for tho sake of hla country. He has spent many weoka cruising cast out of a man, Said Sho No, of courso not; he has every ono of thom yet. Tho last cavo to bo discovered, and also tho most beautiful, Is tho Tuc d'Audouhort, locatod on tho oBtato of Count Bogouon, noar Saut-Girons, Franco. This 1b perhaps tho most difficult cavorn to oxplore But to risk passage In tho Improvised boat that tho visitor must sail In order to roach tho Intorlor, nnd to crawl on hla stomach along muddy passages that aro really too small for a full-grown man, and finally to rocclvo Innum erable bumps on his head from ponding stalac tites Is not too much to pay for tho prlvllego which, as It happened, was accorded tho Museum's roprosontatlvo as tho first American to boo tho wonders Inside Ordinarily, tho nntural wonders of tho cavorns aro moro or loss discolored with mud, but horo Is gallory oftor gallery of ho wlldorlng forosts of pillars nnd pondants and posts all a puro whlto and glittering as If stud dod with myriads ot diamonds. Horo and thoro tho stalactites hang In largo sheets llko foldod draporles and by placing a light bohlnd them tho translucent substance flashes up In colors of groon and roso too boautltul to bo described. No fairy palace was over moro adorned! You are lod olong dovlous passages, stopping again and again In lakolots of Invisibly clear wator, and whon on dry footing you nro warnod to movo clrcuniBpoctly for fear ot obliterating somo an clont human footprints that nro faintly vlBlblo under tho thin coat ot Btalngmlto which covors tho clay flooK Bones and Bkulls of tho giant cavo bear and other animals lie nil about, commit od in placo. Finally, near tho oxtremo lnnor end of the cavorn, comas the real object ot tho la- SIMILAR, BUT DIFFERENT. Mrs. Grasplt You aro always growling about tho hounehold expenses, yot you used to say that I could make a dollar go twico as far as you could. Grasplt And so you can, my dear. You mako it go so blamod far that I novor oven get a gllmpso of It again. in tho Mediterranean since tho outbreak of tho war. Admiral Laneyrero is tho samo ago as Sir John French sixty-two. Ho Is a well-set, handsome man, with a head of thick gray hair and a neatly trjmmcd beard. r LLOYD-GEORGE'S STAND-BY TWO WAYS OF EXPRESSING IT. Mlsa Olweu Lloyd-Georgo, tho daughter of the British minister of munitions, is her father's "right-hand man," assisting him in public duties and ministering to his comfort and health In his homo. Tho minister is a man of highly 3 "Oh, don't worry about audi trifles," said tho norvous temperament and occasionally IndianapollB girl. "Just keop a stiff upper Up and yon II como out all right. ' "But," protested hor fair cousin from Boston, "It is a physical Impossibility for mo to main tain a strict labial rigidity." ho lias to havo a day in bed, whero ho receives his private Bccrotarica and attends to tho routine of business. At auch times hlB daughter assumos full charge of his room, allowB tho secre taries Just as much time as her fa ther's 8trength will allow and thon polltoly but firmly ends tho day's work. Whon ho is in good health the two are companions for long walks or nt golf. In tho summers Mr. Lloyd Georgo has been fond of going with his wife and daughter upon camping excursions, living out of doors and cooking tho meala In Gypsy fashion. Un iAtlif-tia frrtm allpll hnllflnVR WlMl hin nnrvf,R much strencthoned. But this summer Misa Lloyd-Georgo has had "Oh, woll," replied tho old brown 'hen, "that more than hor usual duty in watching over hor father, aa ho has not been was probably tho best she could do. Her mothor I ablo to tako a prolonged rest, was a cold storagi. egg." I His daughter Is a wholesome-looking girl, with a highly intelligent race, FEMININE "SHORT AND UGLY." "You say Mrs. Gadders and Mrs, Pllmly ox changed tho short nnd ugly word?" "Thnt's what they did." "Shocking! Was It 'llarV " "No. 'Cat.'" IN POULTRYVILLE. "I lovo that chicken," said tho young red rooator, "but sue gavo mo tho frigid claw, aad ia tho "upplo of bis oyo" to her fathor.
