I THE SEMI-WEEKLY TRIBUNE, NORTH PLATTE, NEBRASKA. ; rJE i - dr W(TD1M JID - IS ;S w 1 1 wEW head F rothschilds I ! n ' 'fesSf.' " ; ,l ru j STAMHOUL." "tho nlace over there, as tills modern perversion of tho Grcok nhraso "In tho city" Is often translated, has been sung by poets and painted by artists and been tho themo of almost Intemperate eulogy since Us early days when, as tho plctureaquo llttlo Greek city of Byzantium, It stood for tho east ernmost settlement of Greek culturo In Europe, a tower of light shining over tho barbaric Orient that lay within Its sight across tho way. From those early days of Alexander tho Groat, of Xerxes, of DarluB, tho Jump of conturles to that most celobrated of all mllootonos, tho Inauguration of tho city as tho capi tal of tho eastorn emplro by Constantino on tho eloventh of May, 330, was not uneventful, though nothing Hko tho story told by tho eleven hundred and twonty-threo years of Imperial splondor beforo it fell Into tho hands of Mohammed II, on May 20, 1453, on that most fateful of all days when tho cross, ondor Constantino XI, went down boforo tho crcs- cont and tho groen flag of Islam desecrated the holy places as tho conqueror rodo Into tho city through tho gate of St. Romanus. And, as ho ontcrod tho palaco tho now rulor was heard to reclto, so tradl. lion has It, boiiio lines of Persian poetry running as follows: "Tho spider has spun her wob In tho palaco of tho Caesars, "Tho owl has sung her watch song on tho towers of Afraslab." Supersaturate with his tory as Is tho city, Its present-day aspect, as tho long revenge of time hastens to Its final satis faction, and tho crosses that will roplaco tho cres cent aro already In the making, Is one that Is more redolent and reflec tive of tho Immediate down-at-tho-hools Orient than of tho earlier cen turies. It Is a medley of mosques and minarets, of magnificence and squalor, of kiosks and cafos, Pal aces Jostlo mlsorablohuts, and enchanting kiosks, In Saracenic stylo, gay In color of stono. stucco or tllo, and with i superb metal work, are soon sldo by sldo with tho cheapest of frame houses and moan cafos. I3road open squares, like unkompt back lots whoro tin cans nnd goats most do congrogato, how over, aro contrasted 'also wltli tho narrowest of 111 imolllng alloys doing duty as streets, and yot nbovo all this meanness, all this liuddlemont of cheap and unprotontlous buildings. tho uso made by tho Moslom conquerors of tho Bevon hills, moro or less dominated by splondld seraglios and mosques, Including tho metamor iphosed Santa' Sophia itself, gives Constantinople today its peculiar character abovo all other cities, and makos tho near or distant view under vary ing aspects of sun- and season ono of unrivaled magnificence, so that it is today tho chief plcturo city of tho world. , i Tho mosquoB Boom to bo part of as well as ris ing out of a sort of curious mushroom growth developing out of roofed rofuso of stono nnd stuc co that spreads all over tho two sides of tho Goldon Horn, that famous arm of tho bay on which tho city Ib situated with Stamboul, the old city on the west, and Galata and Pora, whoro Iho foreigners live, on tho east, strotchlng along tho shores of tho Bosporus toward tin lllack lea. And tho mosquos aro wonderful. Iloro thoy rUe, hugo masses of clustered rectangular itructuros with all sorts or subsidiary buildings, as it wero, tied up to and plastorod against them. And then out of this Bquat mass appear tho aoarlng, slender minarets, cutting tho bluo sky In lovoly tapering outline, broken only by tho balconies, from four to bIx in number, tho latter grouping only allowed in ono caao. however, whllo nbovo tho central section, fortllko In char ictor, tho domes nnd semldomos aro uplifted, all lo bo crowned by tho groat dome which balances tho entire masB In a manner that seems pure chance, but makes an lndoscrlble otfoct of beauty nd proportion, as Is In evidence In tho groat mosquo Jonl-Janl near tho Galata brldgo. Dolce far nlonto days will soon bo over If It again ylolds to tho now Invaders, and a now era of enlightenment sots In. Then tho Btreot and publlo llfo will tako on a now aspect and tho city will bo once moro n placo of pilgrimage. Moreovor, when tho capital Is onco moro In Christian hands, what a chanco for tho antiquar ians and archoologlats and classical scholars and ipeclallstsl Every ruin should yield treasures, and of all tho promising placos tho most prom ising aro tho mystorloUB vaults under tho groat Agla Sophia mosquo, rormony mo unurcn m oi. Bophla. originally built by Constantino In 320 op poslto his palaco and dedicated to tho Dlvlno Wisdom (Sophia). Tho church ns It exists to lay, ono of tho greatest buildings In tho world, was erected In 532-B37 by tho Emporor JUBtlnlan. anthomloB of Trnllola and Isidores of Mllotos wero tho architects. FosBatl, an Italian archi tect, undertook a thorough restoration of tho extorlor of the building In 1847, when it was palntod yellow with rod strlpos, It Is In what may llo under St. Sophia that tho interest of nrcheologlBts will center. These vaults have always beon jealously guarded by tho Turks, and few Indeed havo boon tho out r 'pt allowed a peep at thorn. Ono of those who gnw the most was tho lato Moborly Boll, manager SORT C1P0Y? COJTAYrOPlS I GALATA BRIDGE, COmSCTfG jrifZOjOfAff AfD ASfATTC TIZKEY "36 of the London limes, why for u period was em ployed by tho Turkish Tobacco Reglo. Mr. Bell some years ago described tho great piles of ma torlal, covered with tho accumulated dust of four and a half centuries, which tantalized him with their possibilities. Ho could not get at what thoy roally wero sinco tho gloom made It Impossible to distinguish any of tho objects, nnd tho Turks would not permit a closo examination. Fascinating possibilities exist In tho thought of what the dust that has beon accumulating slnco tho year of tho conquest by Mohammed II may conceal. It Is doubtful If many treasures In gold and silver and gemB will be found, though even this Is possible. But tho chances that pre cious manuscripts of tho classics may bo dis covered aro greater. Splendid libraries, contain ing, probably, practically all tho lost classics, aro undoubtedly hidden in rutna. Thoro aro known to bo 3,000 manuscripts in tho sultan's library, which havo boon soon, nnd that only hastily, by fow forolgnors. But tho chief hope of scholars lies In tholr trust in ono of tho least objectlonablo traits of tho Moslem, his dislike of destroying anything with writing .on it. Evon If ho does sacrifice pictures and "sculpturo, ho' usually leaves books alono, in case tho name of God Bhould be written on them. Had it not been for this superstition the world would bo very niuult poorer In tho old learning than It la today. As for fts strategic and political valuo it must bo remembered that Constantinople Is to tho itusslan church nnd to Its adhorents what Rome Is to tho Roman Catholics, and for tho Inst 200 years In particular It has constituted tho prin cipal objoct of nil Muscovlto religious and po litical aspirations. Without attaching any credence whntBoovor to tho purely mythical tea tnmont of Peter tho Greaf about Constantinople, a document which was novor henrd of until tho beginning of tho nineteenth century, nearly a hundred years after his death, and which Is a forgery concocted by tho Polo Sokolnlkl and tho Kronchman Losuour, at tho Instance of tho first Emporor Napoleon, thoro la no doubt that Czar Poter had set his heart upon tho acquisition of Constantinople and had lmproaaed this Idea upon his peoplo as a national Ideal. However, whether tho will bo .authentic or genulno or not tho fact is It docs ombody na tional aspirations, and has had a groat effect on Russian Imagination. Catherine tho Gront was oqually bent upon transferring tho capital of her oniplra from Potrograd, and from Moscow, to Stamboul, and whon Nnpoloon I and Aloxandor 1 planned to gether tholr Bhorlng tho dominion of tho world, tho Muscovito rulor insisted upon tho possession of Constantinople on political aud rollglous grounds, declaring It to bo "tho koy to tho door of Russia." Napoloon would not and could not consent to this, giving utterance to his celebrated and historic phrase, "No, the possession of Con stantinople by Russia would mean the mastery of the world." It was this question about Constantinople that caused tho break of the friendship of the emper ors and an enmity which resulted In Napoleon's disastrous Invasion of Russia, with his grando armee, In the destruction of Moscow by fire, in the conlitlon of Russia with Groat Britain, Prus sia, Sweden and Austria against France, In the invasion of tho latter country by the allies, In tho disastrous defeat of Napoleon at Lelpsic and at Waterloo, in the loss of his throne and In his exile, first to Elba, and then to St. Helena. The "will" is probably leas authentic than that famous mot of the Czar Nicholas, who Just bo fore tho Crimean war In 1853 said to the British ambassador, apropos of Turkey, that "we have on our hands a sick man a very sick man. It will be. I tell you frankly, a great misfortune If ono of these days ho should Blip away from us; especially beforo all the neces sary arrangements have been mado." The English ambas sador was strictly noncommittal oven after the czar had pointed out the hor rors of a general European war which might ensue If the great powers wero not careful, so tho Russian auto crat repeated his re mark about tho "sick man" to Princo Mettornlch, tho cel ebrated wit, who was tho Austrian ambassador, and it was Metternich who cynically turned the tide against any Eu ropean co-operation with Russia in han dling tho Turkish situation, by re marking curtly, 'Ahem, tho sick man, tho Bick man; IsyourmaJeB- tv nnnnklni? nt tho doctor in tuo case or as me heir." With that the other powers turned against Russian pretensions, and on all subsequent oc-1 caslons In various combinations, both in laos anu in 1877, backed tho "sick man" against any doc torlnc by which Russia would be the residuary legatee. And so events moved on for GO years, till tho day of reckoning came, and Austria nreo tho Serbian powder barrel and Armageddon was on! While It Is an exaggeration, at any rate in these modern times, to ascribe tho mastery of world to tho possession of Constantinople, it can not bef denied that tho city occupies from a po litical, from a strategic and fron an economic point of view, one of tho most valuable and im portant sites In tho world. It Is a natural fortress of great strength, protected as It Is In the rear by mountain and swamp, which make It difficult to attack by land, by those wonderful straits, tfio Dardanelles and the Bosporus, which furnish matchless a defense against any onslaught from the sea. It llos at tho very point where Europe and With tho death ot Lord Rothschild In England, tho leadership ot tho' fa mous family olflnanclers has shifted from London to Paris, for tho new head of tho clan Is Baron Edouard do Rothschild of tho latter city. Baron Edouard, whoso tltlo it Austrian, as aro those ot all th French Rothschilds, Is a man ot forty seven. Ho was admitted to tho Ann in 190& when his father, Baron Al phouse, then head of tho house, died being an only son. Tho same yeai ho married Germalno Halpen, the daughter of Emll Halpen, a million aire sugar merchant, and tho grand daughter of the financier Fould, th Rothschilds' great rival, who man aged tho affairs of Napoleon III. The marriage, In uniting tho two banking families of Franco, was acceptable tc the bridegroom's family, although their policy had been to Intermarry among themselves. Baron Edouard was a nephew as well as a cousin ot Lord Rothschild, Just dead in London, Baron Edouard'B mother being Lord Rothschild's sister, and his father a cousin. Ho was largely responsible for tho hugo loans mado to Russia after the Japanese war, which he arranged with Count Wltte, who consulted with hin? in Paris beforo sailing for tho Portsmouth peace conference. .H4 ROSE FROM THE RANKS When Count Berchtold resigned as minister of foreign affairs for Austria-Hungary and it was announced that Baron Stephen Burlan de Rajecz had been appointed to the position, there was a hurried search through books ot reference for facts concern ing this man who was to guldo the destinies of a great emplro at a most critical time. Tho search was almost in vain, for he had been practically unknown to tho world at large. Ho Is an example of the possibility of rising from the ranks to the highest position in the state merely by doing bis full duty wherever he was placed. Baron Burlan was born in Stomfa, Ponsony county, Hungary, In 1851. Ho did not inherit tho title of a baron at his birth. His father was a member of the nobility, but did not belong to the arlstociacy. Stephen Burlan selected a career in the consular service and received his education in the Oriental academy of Vienna, the training school for that service. He held his first official positions in Alexandria, Egypt, and served then as vice-consul In Bucharest, Roumanla and Belgrade, Serbia. His next post was in Sofia, Bulgaria, and by this time no was promoted consul general. It was then that he was trans ferred from tho consular to the diplomatic service and appointed minister to Athens, Greece. Burlan's diplomatic career ended when ho was appointed minister of flnanco for the joint affairs of Austria and Hungary, which department had supreme control of Bosnia and Herzegovina, the two Turkish provinces which had been Intrusted by tho congress of Berlin ot 1878 to AuBtro-Hungarlan administration. Burlan played a ery Important rolo in tho marvelous in dustrial and commercial development the two provinces. CUMBER A SIMPLE LIVER Miss Annie S. Peck gathers strength to climb some of tho highest mountains in the world on a menu costing 25 cents a day. While resting In Now York preparatory to going to South America to ascend Mount Sora ta, Huascaran and other peaks for tho second time, she told how she did it 'I cook my own meals over an electric stove in my room, and do my marketing," she said. "For breakfast I havo coffee, using a heaping tea spoonful of pulverized South Ameri can coffee at 18 cents a pound, nnd putting evaporated milk in it. With this I havo rye bread and peanut but ter. For lunch I eat a cako of milk chocolate, and for dinner an omelet made with two eggs, which cost flvo cents. I have also spinach, of which for ten cents I buy enough to last for three meals." Miss Peck said she thought tho j extravaganco of tho Americans in food was slmDlv awful. "New Yorkers Asia meet and which connects the Black sea ..,,, n. , t,.ni nnvini? nnvrral dollars for a meal I'"1 " l ,Meditorf nea"- nnd oven w th Indlnn women order their groceries and meats by telephone, instead of going, as iwhr Z " "Tr r Tr.,r I do, to the open markets. And' then wo complain of the cost or nv.ng. ti twi UIV ItlUIUUU iiun 111 IjlTUlOU Ul LUIIOU UVi' tlon from Ismld to the head of tho Porslan gulf, via Konla and Bagdad, Is completed, which will constitute far and away the shortest and quick est route from Europe to Indln, Constantinople will bocomo perhaps the most Important station along tho lino both as regards freight and pas senger traffic Even the existing trade route to India via the Suez canal would be endangered by Russia's pos session of Constantinople, and It Is for this rea son that Earl Grey, In admitting In parliament "9 INDIAN SUCCEEDS INDIAN Houston B. Teoheo, who has suc ceeded Gabo Parker as register of tho treasury. Is, Hko his predecessor, nn Indian, being flvo-olghths Cherokee. Ho was born In 1874 in what is now v Olclnhoma. was that England had abandoned Its traditional policy reared on a farm and educated in tho of centuries and would not oppose Its froo access tribal schools and at Forth Worth to tho Mediterranean from tho Black aea through university. He served as an aldrr- tho Bosporus and Dardanelles, was very careful man jn Tahlequah and was mayor of not to say Russia should bo civnn Cniistnntlnonln .t..i , n . U1UI Cllf 1UI -" nt once! , ,,, u, , nn children. tO ilJUil wm '"" - Mr. Tnoheo's father waB assistant HARD TIMES. I ,i f iin nhornkoos. Ho served a3 blllUl V. . v..w w- 1 .. iir,(rv trx Wnnlilnirtnn durinc the "What's become of tho old-fashioned Joker por,0(1 of negotiations leading up .o who used to answer, when asked if ho was mar ried: 'No, I'm in business for myself!' " "Tho laat time l heard of him ho was still at It, but his salary had been reduced.' CLOSE QUARTERS. "Yea, for tho InBt two months I've been poal tivoly living within my Income." "Don't you fool rather cramped?" "Cramped? Say, lond me $10, will yout want to stretch myself." tribal dissolution. Ho had been con nected with tribal politics during Pla entire llfo until tho tribal entity was abolished in 1898. , How tho name of "Teehoo" bo camo attached as tho surnamo or hlB family 1b a story repeated at the treas ury department A grandfather of the present register, as tho taia goes, ap plied to enlist as a soldier during tho Civil war. His Indian name was Dohlnlneo, translated from tho Cherokee into tho English as moaning "a killer." Tho nearest the recruiting sergeant could come to it was "Teehee," and so it went Into the record and became affixed as a family name.