BUTCHER'S IDEAL OF SHEEP FOR MUTTON
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Every Farmer Ought to Have Sheep.
(Hy J C DUNCAN.)
Now, is it possiblo for us to breed
a sheep of tlio butcher's ideal typo
and still retain the vigorous constitu
tion necessary in a healthy breeding
animal?
I say no. Why? Because it is
against the laws of nature. In our
Hocks wo must have head and neck,
brisket, shank and side meat in order
to get that strong constitution that Is
necessary, for the animal to possess
for tho development of tho more ex
pensive cuts of tho butcher's Ideal.
In order to bring tho breeder and
tho consumer nearer one ideal it is
necessary for us as breeders, to see
that our mutton sheep como as near
the butcher's ideal as is consistent,
without impairing tho constitution of
our breeding flocks.
In order to obtain these results, wo
MEDIUM UTTER OF
PIGS IS BEST PLAN
Idea of Selecting Sow to Grow
Large Number of Young Is
Not Good Practice.
(By A. J. LEGG.)
It Is customary with hog ralsors
when selecting a brood sow, to want
one with a laree number of teats in
order to accommodate a large litter of
pigs. I had an inquiry from a custo
mer some time ago for two sow pigs
and he said that people told him that
a sow should havo 14 teats.
Thero are few sows with so many
teats and really the very largo litter
is not in my opinion tho most profit
able one anyway. A sow with ordinary
care cannot properly nourish more
than 8 or 10 pigs and I am not sure
that but 6 or 7 is better than 10.
I havo had sows with 10 and 11 pigs
but there are always some runts that
do not grow fast. It takes just about
all that the sow can digest to keep the
pigs making satisfactory growth. Tho
sows with C or 8 pigs will keep them
growing rapidly and I bellevo as many
pounds of pork as tho large litters and
thero Is not such a strain on the sow's
system to provide food for tho pigs.
I havo a sow now with six pigs. Sho
is getting moderate feeding twice a
day and tho pigs are growing rapidly
This sow has raised 8 and 9 pigs to
tho litter heretofore, but she never
grew so uniformly nico pigs before
Taking everything Into consideration
I bellevo that tho medium sized litter
is more profitable than the very large
litter and that tho idea of selecting a
sow to grow very largo litters is a
mistake and a wrong standard to meas
ure by when selecting brood sows
IMPORTANT NOTES
OF THE SHEEPFOLD
Animals Are Excellent Farm
Cleaners, Weed Destroyers
and Fertilizers.
As the country ages and the fortlllt)
of its fields becomes exhausted its ap
preciation of tho sheep will increase.
Early maturity is an Important
quality to consider in selecting sheep.
Whether you aro keeping sheep for
pleasure or profit, your desires will be
more fully mot If your flock is of su
perior quality.
A strong sheep does not necessarily
havo to mean a large one; in fact.'u
majority of tho strongest sheep aro
medium in size.
Every sheep owner should keep a
purebred ram, but every man Is not
qualified to keep purebred stock.
Everything possiblo should be done
to bring tho ewes to a vigorous, llosh
forming condition at the muting
period.
Sheep are excellent farm cleaners,
weed killers and fertilizers.
The man who desires largo protlts
from his flock should afford It tho
best that good management will pro
duce. Nothing need bo wasted on tho farm
where sheep aro kept tufts of grass,
weeds and aftermaths and odd bits
of feed can all bo utilised and con
verted Into wool and mutton.
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must see that our mutton sheep pos
sess straight backs and under line,
with tho ribs well sprung, and a broad,
thick loin with full, round quarters.
As a rule, a sheep possessing theso
points you will And evenly covered
with llesh or muscle trom crops to
tall.
A sheep that is unevenly covered
with flesh or is lumpy along the back,
always has a weakness of the mus
cles. Therefore, wo must educate our
selves to see that our mutton sheep
possess the evenly covered backs of
muscle or flesh, and having that "sen
sitive" touch known to all good judges
with full, round quarters, thus en
deavoring to get as much of tho higher-priced
cuts as possible, without im
pairing in any way the constitution of
onr breeding flocks.
ANIMAL MEDICINE .
CHEST FOR FARMS
Corrosive Sublimate Is a Fine An
tisepticSeveral Other Use
ful Drugs.
Turpentine with milk one part tur
pentine to 1G parts milk, is good for
stomach worms in sheep.
Use blue stone or common blue
vitriol ns an antiseptic for wounds.
Use one to four drams in a pint of
water, or even stronger. It is a great
germ-killer.
Corrosive sublimate is a fine anti
septic, but care must bo tuken in lta
use. It can be had In small tablets
with directions for its use Always
label It "POISON."
' A good condition powder is made
as follows: Sulphate of iron, two
ounces; nux vomica seed, ono ounce;
gentian root, two ounces; nitrate of
potash, two ounces. Havo your drug
gist pulverize each well, mix thorough
ly and give a teaspoonful three times
a day In the feed.
Every medicine chest ought to con
tain a bottle of carbollzed vaseline.
It is good for chapped hands, and for
chapped heels on horses.
Pure acetic acid will remove warts.
Uorlc acid is an excellent remedy
for sore mouth, soro eyes and roup In
chickens. Use 20 grains to one ounce
of water.
Ringworm and enlarged glands may
bo reduced by tincture of Iodine.
Paint once dally, until tho parts be
come soro, then cover with vaseline
In order to leduce swelling In
horses, caused by great strain, an ap
plication of one drnchm each of crys
tal iodine and powdered canthnildcs
and an ounco of vaseline, will often
givo relief.
For soft tumors, or swellings, tho
following ointment is often very effica
cious. .One drachm each of powdered
cantharides, biulodido of mercury and
oil of turpentine mixed wlili ono ounce
of vasollno. Apply freely and rub well
for ten minutes. Wipe off with a
cloth and about tho third day apply
some bird or vaseline After two days
apply 'the blister again, and repent
until tho enlargement subsides
PRESERVATION OF
BARNYARD MANURE
Scientific Investigations Do Not
Give Better Method Than
That of Chinese.
Piof F 11. King, in his book
"Farmers of Foity Centuries," de
scribes the methods used by tho Chi
nese, Koreans and Japaneso In collect
ing and preserving precious manure,
both solid and liquid, also tho systeinB
of composting u.sed. In China the
manure 1b placed In glazed terra
cotta urns, some having a capacit) of
1,000 pounds. In Japan cement-lined
pits are used, tho liquid excrement as
well as tho holld being carefully pre
served. In China tho compost piles
aro carefully plastered with a layer
of earth mortar.
Tho results of tho latest scientific
Investigations do not give us auy bet
ter method than that prnctlced by tho
Chinese for centuries.
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THE SEMLWEEKLY TRIBUNE.
HOW TO MAKE HENS
A Good
(Hy MnS. A. J. WILDER)
When fnll Is hero and the prlco of
eges begins to climb upward, with tho
suro prospect of good prices all win
tor; then those who havo given but
Httlo attention to tho poultry during
tho rest of tho year, will begin to ask
"how shall I mako my hens lay
through the winter?"
It is uphill work to take a flock
of hens that have been poorly cared
for und aro altogether unprepared and
by caring for thorn after cold weath
er Is already hem, get them to laying
before spring.
Tho tlmo to begin preparations for
a winter egg harvest is tho spring,
and tho right start must bo made by
choosing for the parents of your lay
ing flock, only thoso fowls that aro
strong and healthy and good laying
stock.
By this care in selecting tho eggs
from which to hatch your next win
ter's layers, you givo them heredi
tary tendencies to bo good layers and
good strong constitutions to help them
develop quickly and enable them to
A Fine Flock Which Fills the Egg
Basket In Winter.
stand the strain of early and heavy
laying.
If this has all been dono and the
little chicks hatched, then winter eggs,
or no winter eggs, depends entirely
on your care for and feeding of these
chicks to proparo them for their win
ter's work.
They must bo fed well and a variety
of food so that tho wholo body will
dovelop properly.
WHERE HENS PREFER TO LAY
Like the Grouse She Naturally Seeks
Spot Where She Cannot Be Sur
prised From the Rear.
A poultryman made an experiment
with his fowls to ascertain their pref
erence for a place in which to lay and
found that moro hens chose to lay In
an open box In a corner not fnr from
a window and three feet from the
ground than In anything darker, high
er, lower or differently const! ucted,
says a writer in an exchange One
hen out of forty-ono left all tho boxes
and Btolo her nest In a thicket; an
other solected a barrel on its side at
tho back of the house. Tho rest
went for tho greater part into corner
boxes or corners of tho chicken house
without boxeB.
He says: "I think the explanation
of this corner idea Is simple: Tho
wild hen, Ilka tho grouse, naturally
seeks a spot whero sho cannot bo
surprised from tho rear, and the habit
sticks to hoi' descendants no matter
how civilized. Anything sho can go
Into and then face round with an as
Buraneo of safety on all sides except
In front seems desirable to her. Go
ing still farther into natural functions,
tho hen evidently wishes to bo ablo
to leave her nest with a dash for the
open over tho head of a formidable
assailant If necessary, thereby tempt
ing it to givo chase and drawing It
nway from tho eggs.
"So the nest should ho at least a
three-Bided affair, and having a top
Is no disadvantage. Tho entrance
should ho in front. I deny tho valuo
of making a rear dark alley w- to tho
nests, as is often planned, for this
means added labor, expenso nnd trou
ble, slnco another opening in front Is
necessary for human access f tho
nest."
Keeps Fowl In Condition.
If a box of broken chnrcoal Is kept
before tho fowls they will pick at it
a great deal, and it is an excellent
thing to keep them in good condition.
NORTH PLATTE, NEBRASKA.
LAY DURING WINTER
Oust Bath.
Hono nnd musclo must keep ahead
of tho fat but if only futtenlng food I?
given thorn tlioy cannot grow bono
and musclo, bo feed them bran and
cut oats or oatmeal nnd cut bone as
well as coarsely ground corn. Thoy
must also have animal food In some
form. Good sweet beef scraps aro all
right for this, or skim milk will tako
the pluco of moat.
Although thoy should bo fed as
much as possible to hurry theit
giowth; thoy must not bo fed enough
to causo Indigestion. Thoy must be
given tho habit of eating a great deal
of food but must also bo given a good
digestion, with which to handle It.
Tho ability to asslmllnto large quan
tities of food is absolutely necessary
for a heavy layer.
As an aid In helping them to digest
their food nnd In growing muscle, ex
ercise is very Important, if they aro
running on rango with their mothers
they will get exercise enough in keep
ing tip with her, but If they aro con
fined in houses or yards then lot thorn
scratch for tho most of their food in
some light, clean litter or somo loose
earth.
Keep them supplied with fresh
di Inking water and chick sized grit.
Many chicks die or havo their di
gestions ruined because they aro not,
kept supplied with grit and wntcr.
They must also bo kept free from
lice. No chick can grow when n
swarm of theso pests Is drawing tho
life from its llttlo body.
They must not bo crowded in a
coop. Overcrowded chicks will not
grow well nor keep healthy. Thoy
must have plenty of fresh nlr and
shado and sunshine both, so that they
mnjf'chooso which thoy please.
As soon as tho young roosters show
red in their combs, separate them
from tho pullets. Allowing them to
with tho pullets will retard tho
growth of both.., If kept by them
selves tho young roosters will sooner
bo ready to eat or sell and the pullets
relieved of their company will also
grow up faster.
This Is what is needed to make win
ter layers, a quick growth and an
oven all-round development, so that
they will begin laying before cold
weather. If thoy begin at this time
they will lay all winter, if thoy aro
put Into a comfortable house before
they become chilled In the fall and
aro given the right kind of care after,
ward.
I have never failed to raise a flock
or good winter layers, when I havo
cared for my pullets In this way.
RoultryNotes
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Clean tho poultry house everyday.
LImo sprinkled about tho poultry
house Is a good disinfectant.
Impuro drinking water is ono of tho
most common causes of sickness It.
chicks.
A well cared for flock of hens will
pay a bigger dividend, than anything
elso on tho farm.
.
Don't havo too mch poultry house
furniture. It occupies spaco and af
fords a hiding pluco for lice.
As a general thing tho fowls that
havo plenty vof rango and good vari
oty or feed do not lay thin shelled
eggs.
If somo folks were fined for all the
bad eggs thoy havo sold thero would
bo no profits for thorn even In tho poul
try business.
It Is a good tlmo of tho year to
whitewash tho hen house, put now hay
In tho nests, also to look out for lieu
under the roosting poles.
A good grain ration to feed tho lny.
ing liens during tiro summer months
is composed na follows: One-halt
wheat, one-fourth oats and ono-fourtll
corn. Huckwheat may bo substituted
for tho oats If desired.
When tho hen house Is clcso and
hot, nnd particularly if infested with
mites and lice, who can blamo tho
hen that has senao enough to hldo her
nest? Such a bird is to bo com.
mended and encouraged.
Time to Cull Out.
Culling out tho young cockerels
oarly, leaves a much hotter chatico
for tho pullets to grow, and thoy
will develop much faster and bettor.
For Formal or Informal Occasions
AN afternoon gown which Is elabo
rate enough for formal occasions
and quiet enough for the Informnl will
appeat to moBt women. Hero Is one
which is novel and beautiful In com
position und in which tho wearor
might feol at ease at an afternoon
tea or an evening rocoptlon. It 1h
conservative as to stylo, graceful In
outline, nnd of a typo which will out
live a single season.
Gray satin forms tho foundation of
tho skirt, which Is bordered at the
bottom with two scalloped flounces,
each about a quarter of a yard In
width when flnlshed, nnd bound with
a narrow piping of tho silk. Tho
skirt escapes tho ground by about
thieo Inches, measured from tho mid
dle of the edgo of tho scnllopB, and
is comrortnbly wide, approaching two
yards. This gives plenty of room oven
considering demands of dancing.
At tho head of tho second flounco
scant festoons aro arranged In tho ma
torlal. Thoy aro caught up with small
bows or the rabrlc and aro simply
two shallow rolds tacked to position.
Extra width is allowed in tho up
per flounco to nllow for UiIb draping.
A tunic of vollo, in tho same color
as tho silk, reaches to within twelvo
Inches of tho bottom of tho skirt, or
mny bo made longer. It Is laid in
side plaits at the waist lino and al
lowed to flnro bolow tho hips. A nnr
row hem flnlshoB tho bottom. Trans
Ready for the
IN clothes Tor llttlo girls afi well
as In thobu for womankind tho
fur-cloths" (by which nanio tho now
phiBlies aro called) will be found ex
ceptionally good. They nro woven
more supple than over. In a greater
number or colois and In greator vari
ety of design.
I'lushos aro used for coats, for neck
pieces und muffs and for hats mnde to
bo woru by children, big and llttlo.
Thoy antiwar all theso purposes for
giown-ups und furthermore nro com
bined with cloth or velvet In streot
and visiting dresses orentlro costumes.
For the llttlo girl of three and up
ward tho broadtail and chinchilla pat
terns aro mado Into ek-gunt llttlo
ccats that fasten close about tho neck
Besides Its comfort tho coat of plush
has tho groatest durability to recom
AP ,f v
m HI 2) t i8
parent tunics may be counted upon as
a strong feature in the coming styles.
Thoy aro Homotlmcs stayed with
small wire at tho bottom nnd of ton
bordered with fur or mnrabout feath
ers. Tho bodice has a foundation of
figured chiffon in which vague figures
in rich colors on a whtto background
appear. Tho short slocves aro length
ened with a. border of handsome lace.
A wide black lace in prlncosa design
oveilaps tho chiffon foundation, ox
tondlng over tho chiffon portion of tho
sleeves and nlong tho sides nnd partly
over tho front nnd back of the bodice.
An ovorbodlco of tho gray vollo la
draped on the foundation nnd trimmed
uway in a "V" shapo at tho neck.
Tills leaves a smnll vosteo or tho llg
urod chiffon.
ItoverB of satin aro sot on the bod
Ico at the front, with panols of tho
sntln oxtondlng from them to tho
walBt line. Thoy wldon toward tho
bottom, merging Into a narrow belt at
tho sides, which Is finished with a
lint bow at tho back.
A flno lnco-edged not collar corre
sponds with ilia lace finish of tho
sleeves. A border of chiffon, of tho
snmo color ns the vollo In tho dress,
Is sot under the pointed edge of tho
laco in the lower sieves. Tho bodice
rasteus at the front with small sating
covered buttonB.
Cold Weather
mend it Linings aro made of fig
ured crepe or silk showing small llg.
ures or flowers on a light ground
Muffs and neckpieces, much to bo
ptererred over thoso.or cheap rur, and
as Inexpensive, are made or raney
plushes ror the llttlo ones. It is :i
pretty fashion to make these sets with
a hat or cap to mutch, and thoy nro
simple enough In construction to bo
easily made at home.
A hat of mottled plush, in creuni
and white, Is shown In tho picture
given hero It is faced with plalu,
pink plush and trimmed with a Hat,
bow of folded pink ribbon and a bunch
of tln roses Tho snmo plush would
mako a delightful neckpiece and muff
In which tho weo wearor might bo
fortified against tho coldeat weather,
JULIA BOTTOMLEY