THE SEMIAVEEKLY TRIBUNE NORTH PLATTE, NEBRASKA.
M
I
mi jm m n an mrjrm rea k ei "tv ' S3 - PHOTOS g &Y ' irXMVO llrrDihrooo,rt,Y.
fjN bnllof Into demonstration In handling f, CT,t'M 4 M-m
y tho educational probloms or the Phll-j, 2?T '&&3?(m)SlDJ?Ii&WI'fflnJlr W
" ,pi,lnes- J - -- JP I V
Tho Filipino, to bo sure, had a civil-1 w -2- " V'J'sV
4 Iz.ltlon find ennkn nrlnr In flin Amur. 1 .. 4 ?$&. .i .. J8ilW? M", ?&.
waa not of ,l$im ftrvV.
mtzmiinztsvxk iiiimu.irTsr' '&3qjc-sz .ofw v. -if AJw;f'"jrr'.-su'v'ii
lean occupation, hut tho civilization
high standard. And after Hovoral ycara of close n
study or tho needs and possibilities of our rust- J
loss Ilttlo brown foster brothers of tho far east
ern Islands domostlc sclenco hns been doomed
tho surest foundation upon which to build
To begin with, tho homo and Its women has
been accepted by educators as tho best process
of engrafting occidental civilization, education
nnd culturo on tho stunted, half-wild- growth
which centuries of Spanish rulo left behind. It
was tho Filipino himself who pointed out tho
way for tho solving of his own personal equation.
Primitive ns his homo lire had beon ho had been
living up to tho best ho know. When somothlng
bettor was betoro him ho was prompt to seo tho
advantages of tho nowcr way.
Tho domestic Rcienco of tho Filipino was not
science at all; it was only a crude makeshift,
linnded down to him from his ancestors. Ills
liomo was Ilttlo better than a shack, voty small
nnd dcstltuto or furnishings. Ills diet was so
restricted that tho idea of such a thing as tho
art of cookery had novor occurred to him.
His clothing was little or nothing.
With tho coming of tho Amorlcan and his
hlRhor standard of civilization tho Filipino, cspe
olally ho of the younger generation, saw llfo
from a now anglo. Ho camo to tho realization
that thoro Is moro In llfo than tho more busi
ness of living. Ho found that thoro Is work to
lo; that ho must do his share toward raising
the standards of succeeding generations; that he
lind Ills allotted task In tho bringing of tho civili
sation of his country to n higher lovol.
Tho first ovidonco of this awakening In tho
Filipino was tho chango In his mothod of llfo.
Qono are tho opon fires over which swung a sin
Slo pot on a tripod. Gono Is tho ancient habit of
nn entlro family, Including tho pups and tho rest
of tho four-footed animals, eating from a common
dlBh. Gono also aro tho prlmltlvo sleeping ar
rangements. To be suro tho chango was by ovolutlon rather
than by revolution, but Its progress was sufllciont
Jy rapid arid marked to compol tho attention of
(tho American educators who had gono across
seas to teach those prlmltlvo folk now things.
'They had gono with a notion that tho Filipino
could bo taught tho Bamo things nnd by tho enmo
methods that form tho educational system In
'Calirornla and Now York, Texas and tho Dakotas.
Thoy found, however, that physical environ
ment and previous social experience had bred In
tho Filipino racial characteristics vastly different
.from our own nnd mado of him n separate edu
cational problem.
Tho Filipino wns not especially Interested In
whether or not ho received mental training, but
ho wns ambitious, cleverly Imitative and keenly
alert to tho greater creature comforts of civili
zation which ho glimpsed for tho first llmo when
tho Amorlcan camo nnd conquered And for all
his roputntlon for slothfulnoss ho was willing nnd
mnxlous to work for those things which so sud
denly ho had come to desire theso tangible and
outward signs of a higher civilization,
v 80 It wns that domestic sclenco and vocational
trahMB bocamo an Integral part of tho educa
tional B'ystom of tho Philippines A hnlf-mllllon
Filipino young peoplo are vo'untarlly In school
thero Is no compulsory education in the Islands
Primary English education Is opon to all and Is
Incidental to tho domestic sclonco and vocational
courses.
Tho Filipino know what ho wnnted and he got
It, nnd ho Is quite bb happy as tho moro sophis
ticated souls Imagine wo would bo If over wo
Old got what wo wnnt.
Ono of tho most potent factors In making tho
Filipino, not Into an imitation good American,
lnit into a good, patriotic and usoful citizen of
Ills own native archipelago. haR been tho School
of HouBohold Industries In Mqnlla. lloro an
nually from all tho Islands of tho group, In over
ncroaslng numbers, young Filipinos aro Instruct
d In domestic sclenco and economy. Besides,
these young women aro taught tho more Impor
tant If less romuncrattvo vocation of successful
housewife nnd mother,
Tho courso In housokooplng and household
nrts, ono or the most Important and moat wldoly
studied or tho several offorod by tho school, glvos
the young women a basic education in the threo
Tl.'s, throo full years study being devoted to
reading, writing, arithmetic and grnmmar. In
tho homomnker's courso they study hygleno,
Iiomo sanitation, physiology, cooking and tho
caro of infants.
A short course In nursing la given, nnd a full
PrKmKfc-ttRsfW -'-Wih&rZi
IN ON GROUND FLOOR
4-0
By WILLIAM HAMILTON OSBORNE.
rypicMrmjpjiroiziiijmrG &&&
nurse's courso Is Included among tho vocational
courses. Dressmaking, lace making, embroidery,
hat making and weaving aro among tho other
branches included in the vocational school and
optional In the homoniakor's courso.
Much as tho Filipino needed education along
nil lines, In nothing wns his need so grent as
In tho first principles of sanitation. Whn tho
American camo the natives, oven In tho larger
cities, knew nothing of sanitation, household or
otherwise. It had not beon taught tho Filipino
by his Spanish rulers, who practised the theory
that tho moro tho native knew the moro discon
tented and honco tho moro difficult to manage he
would becomo. Also, the Spanish ruler himself
knew practically nothing of tho higher domestic
nrts, and his idea that Ills homo was his castle
and what wont on within of no concorn to tho
outsider ho handed down to the Filipino.
Tho Filipino, however, was far readier to us
slmllato tho boncflcont changes offerod by the
Americans. Ho promptly learned that sanitation,
both at homo and abroad, lessened the danger or
plagues, which since timo Immemorial had
mowed down tho native population Uho grain
before a scythe.
Tho Filipino Is proud In his own way and has
n strong notion of what are his personal rights.
Anything akin to tyrannical enforcement of Iron
clad rules would have defeated the wholo scheme.
HostB of domostlc sclonco teachers, equipped with
tho best training, have gono to tho Philippines
this last decade with high hopes and unbounded
enthusiasm tor tho work boforo them, only to re
turn presently with blank failure tho record of
their Philippine sojourn
Those who have succeeded and tho succoss of
theso haB beon tremendous have dono so through
intimate sympathetic understanding of tho Fili
pino, tho code nnd traditions which glvo him his
own peculiar point of view nnd his nssentlnlly
peculiar home llfo.
Nothing In all tho courso of study offered by
tho school of household Industries has seemed
to interest the young women so greatly as tho
study of sanitation, hygiene nnd tho caro of In
fants. While the Filipino hlmsolf mny have defi
nite reasons of his own for doslrlng cleaner and
more wholesome living conditions, tho younger
women hnvo learned that to a lack of knowledge
may bo charged tho terrific denth rato among
Infants Out of each threo round-eyed, smiling
babies born ono dloB boforo It has lived a year.
n victim of Ignorance and unsanitary environ
ment. Innato, universal mother love was quick
to valuo nnd acquire knowledge of anything
which renults In saving the babies
But nothing In nil tho school is so variously
Interesting as tho changes wrought by tho study
of cooking In times past the Filipino had tho
scnntlost variety of food, which wns prepared In
tho simplest fashion, moat being a heavy Item
of his menu. Tho greatest dollcacy ot tho Igor
rote was, and In somo portions ot tho Islands
continues to bo, "pot rouht a la Fldo." Many of
them still ent dog btow, but tho majority are be
ginning to lenrn that thero aro numerous othor
roods vastly more pnlatablo and satisfying.
Even the Igorroto maiden knows that If sho is
to got nnd keep a husband sho must know mod
ern methods ot conducting tho modorn home,
which tho men have acquired a liking tor.
So It happens that In tho cooking clnsBoa aro
tho youngest and prettiest nnd brightest of theso
future wives and mothers. And oven In their
dress they herald tho new day. Tho picturesque
and fantastic costumes have been discarded for
simple chocked gingham frocks under all envelop
ing white linen aprons.
In sharp contrast to these cooklnc school cirls
aro tho young women who aro studying In va
rious other branches and clinging religiously to
tho gayly flowered skirts, tight at tho hips, flow
ing away to voluminous breadth and great trains
at the feet, and surmounted by the queer ilttlo
crisp cotton Jackets, for all tho world like badly
cut kimonos and bunching up about the neck In
nn ungraceful fashion, always suggesting hump
shoulders.
To make beautiful laces and fine embroideries
seems to bo an almost natural art with the Fili
pino girls, an Inherent aptness resulting undoubt
edly from the uncounted generations of laco mak
ers beforo them. Tho strong, supple and deli
cately slender brown fingers are steady as Iron.
The clear dark eyos are not tired by the Intri
cate, tedious patterns which would mean wreck
of nerves and vision of women less patient nnd
tranquil minded.
Laco making and embroidery were not Intro
duced by American teachers, but were brought
to tho islands centuries ago by the Spaniards.
According to Medina's history, needlecratt was
taught In tho convent schools ns early as 1C30,
and Itetana In tho early eighteenth century wroto
thnt "tho girls easily imitate tho laces and em
broidery of Europe" and that thoy perform "such
work fairly well In n little time."
Tho roundatlon being laid, It was an opportu
nity quickly seized by the Amorlcan teachers,
and while tho Instruction under convent teaching
necessarily wns restricted to a comparatively
small number, It Is tho hope or tho Instructors
of these days that needlccraft speedily shall be
come of universal knowlcdgo among Filipino
women. Also It Is hoped thnt through their apt
ness for embroidery and lace making there may
bo opened up for them n steadily remunerative
occupation.
In the nurso's training work also tho Idea has
beon to provide tho young women with remunera
tive work, but the beginnings In that line were In
tho face or stubborn prejudice nnd opposition.
Tho nntlves were extremely suspicious ot doctors
and hospitals and It was quite beyond compre
hension that any young woman or modesty and
good taste should bo willing to undergo n nurso's
experience.
A campaign or enlightenment had to be car
ried on beroro It was possible to establish nurs
ing classes. Hut tho readily adaptable Filipino,
onco convinced thnt tho finest of young women
hoenmo nurses among moro advanced nnd en
lightened peoplo. speedily abandoned her prej
udice Tho set of tho wind Is now ns strongly In
tho opposite direction and tho vocation or
trained nurso has so caught popular rancy that
tho numbfcV or applicants ench year Is far greater
than the capacity or the training school.
In baskotry and rug weaving another profitable
lino has been opened for women, and by rare
good rortuno It happens that the Islands produco
In lnvlsh quantities all of tho required mnterlals,
which with their commercial valuos unknown
hitherto woro permitted to rot In tho Jungles.
Still nnothor line of Income Is from tho preserv
ing and canning of fruits for commerce a lino
which at onco ninkos Incomo bearing previously
wasted human energy as well as a vast fortune In
unused fruits
So summed up tho training of the young Fili
pino womon ineana that when tho Americans
camo to tench them tho deslro for a better meth
od of living tho now nnd strangely benevolent
conqueror showod them nt tho same ttmo how
thy doslro might be gratified.
Tho underworld In New York Is di
vided Into two groat classes. First,
thoso who get caught; second, those
who don't The poltco department,
finding It Impossible to keep an oyo on
everybody nil tho time, had como to
tho conclusion that Britches Bolhan
belonged to tho latter class. In their
hearts thoy knew that Britches was up
to many things; but when they camo
to dft even one or these things to the
bottom Invariably they found , them
selves woefully weak when It camo to
evidence.
"Evidence," snorted Britches; "I
nln't got no uso for it. 1 don't want
none of it around mo. To with
oidencc."
Now, Britcheo Bellman, being a citi
zen of the undorworld, had como to tho
conclusion that for n part ot tho time,
at least, such a citizen ought to reside
underneath tho ground. Ho got this
Idea ono dny when ho was passing tho
County National bank. In front of tho
County National bank was a ditch.
This ditch Is called tho subway.
"Geo!" said Britches Bellman,
knocking himself on tho sldo of the
head, "Get down In that hole, Just
where you belong."
Now, If Britches hadn't been an ex
traordinary kind ot a man, ho never
could hnvo pulled oft tho Ilttlo schemo
that filled his head. But ho was any
thing and everything, from an A-l con
man down to tho lowest kind of a
strong-armer. In a high hat and n
frock coat ho was superb; in n busi
ness suit he wns all matter of fact; In
n slouch hat ho could scare the wits
out of a belated rich old party by Just
looking at him.
One day a gonteoMooktng personago
called at tho ofllco of tho subway con
tractors nnd announced that the Coun
ty National bank (which, by tho way,
was backed by tho Democratic boss)
had concluded to strengthen Its under
pinning just n bit. Ho produced a let
ter apparently- on the letter head ot
the bank, signed apparently by its
president. lie wns courteously re
ceived, as, ot course, any representa
tive of the bo3s' bank would have to
be, and he left bearing with him tho
written direction of the contractor to
tho section foreman to permit tho
workmen of the County bank to make
any necessary excavation In the su6
way. This genteel-looking personage.
It cannot bo denied, looked extremely
liko Mr Britches Bellman. A dny
later a rough, honeBt-Iooking workman,
wearing a union button and dressed in
toil-stained overalls, handod tho letter
to tho section foreman, together with
nnothor lettor from tho bank, stated
casually that he and Sam Parks had
known each other all their respectivo
lives, borrowed a chew of tobacco, and
started In to work.
Tho work he was about to do ho had
all planned out on a sheet of rough
drafting paper. It was to cut a squaro
hole four by four from tho subway In
to tho foundation of the bank.
"Tho bank," he said to tho foreman,
"ain't so much afraid of going as It
is of fallln' down. Its pine is weak,
or somethln'."
In Ave hours tho genial Mr. Bellman
had mado himself the most popular
man in the ditch. He talked to every
body, sympathized with everybody,
jollied everybody.
He wob a good workman and ho un
derstood his business. But ho In
sisted upon ono thing. Every night,
when ho left his job, ho carefully cov
ered up tho mouth of tho hole ho was
making with a pile of dirt.
"Somo fellow," ho explained to the
foremnn, "might take a notion to fin
ish up my Job some night and go clean
through the bank, outside and in."
Tho foreman expectorated.
"Geo!" said tho foreman, "that's so.
I never thought of it." Ho scratched
his head and grinned.
"1 s'pose," ho added, "that I might
take a hack at It myself somo night
What d'yo think?"
Britches Bellmnn, honest workman,
shook his bend. "If you talk that
way," ho said, smiling, "I'll have to set
a plain-clothes man on top of you. I
got to tnko care of that there bank,
and no mistake." He cnught tho other
by tho arm. "Say," went on Britches
Bellman, "It's n blamed good thing you
chaps down hero aro honest, ir you
weren't say, think or the whole lot or
banks hero on Broadway you could
tap tho wholo lot, almost, and nobody
wouldn't know the difference, not un
til," he added, "not until they found
out."
"And when they found out?" sug
gested tho foremnn.
"There'd bo a hot time," returned
Britches. He scratched his head again.
"Now, look-a-here," ho wont on. "that
raises a very nlort, delicate, Important
question in my mlad. It jeems to mo
that I'll have to grit tho bank to put a
night watchman down here to set In
front of that thero hole. It won't do
to hnvo any two-legged rats n-burrow-in'
thero when I'm away. I naturally
gotter keep tho bank protected, be
cause because," ho added, sottly, to
hlmsejr, "I'd like to know If somo
chap got In ahead or mo."
It so happened, therotoro, that by
permission or tho hoctlon foreman a
burly night watchman came on an
hour after Britches lett This night
watchman had a bushy beard. Other
wise ho had the same proportions of
Mr. Britches Bollman. "In course,"
tho night watchman assured hlmsolf.
"the uulou wouldn't stand for mo
worUIn day nnd night, bo I gotter
plaster on tho mako-up. And I gotter
watch that holo to seo she don't get
nwny from mo. For when n holo gets
away from a man especially a holo
like this ono It ain't no easy Job to
get another."
Mr. Bellman hnd worked only a few
days and n few nights when ho struck
somothlng with his spado that gavc
him Joy.
"If this ain't n vein of gold-bearing
ore," said Mr. Britches. "I'll wager
it's tho underground part of the Coun
ty bank's underpinnings; and It lt'a
that, why then It Is a vein of gold."
Ho was right. It was a portion ot
tho bank's cellar wall. He hastily cov
ered it up, hung around until tho
whlstlo blow, then ho left and, return
ing later in tho evening, brought with
him n new set of sharp tools.
"I'll get this Job finished by morn
ing," said this night watchman, "or
I'm n Dutchmnn."
Ho removed a layer of tar coating;
then a layor of cement. Then he struck
tho bricks.
"Now," ho Bald to hlmsolf. "It sho
ain't moro than threo feet thick I'll
have her through In no time. That's
what."
But thnt wall was a blank wall, and
It had been laid many, many years
before, when thero were no trado
unions and no employers' associations,
and when cement and bricks were ce
ment nnd bricks. When tho first gray
streaks of dawn had appeared In tho
sky nbovo tho subway Britches had
not finished. But ho judged from tho
sound that thoro was but oife layer of
bricks still to bo removed.
"Tomorrow night," said Britches to
himself, "tonight, I mean, why tho
trick'll be turned to a T. And no mis
take." Ho took a day off and rested up. He
was mado of ilesh and blood and ho
was tired. But that night he started
In, refreshed In mind nnd body. A.
deep peace was upon him, for he know
that In twenty minutes ho would bo
Inside tho bank. And thero was no
man In tho wholo world who under
stood tho insldo of a bank as well aa
Britches Bellman.
One by ono ho loosed tho bricks; ho
was right; It was the last layer. Llttlo
by little tho holo widened. He stuck
his head Insido. It was dark as pitch.
Ho was prepared for this; preparod
with a dark-lantern.
"Now," ho finally explained, a hugo
Joy possessing him, "now, here I am."
Tho holo was Just wldo enough to
admit his body, and he pulled himself
carefully through and dropped down to
tho Inside floor.
"Ho, ho!" exclaimed Mr. Britches
Bellman, softly, "this is nuts, for fair."
He didn't want to show a light. So
ho groped his way carefully about
across what seemed to bo a Ilttlo
room. It was, as ho supposed, a coal
cellar. Ho crossed it, nnd tho toiler
room; picked a lock and ontered still
another room. In this room ho walked
Into a wall and stepped back suddenly.
As ho did so his heel trod upon somo
thlng soft. Suddenly tho room wa3
flooded with a bright white light
Britches gasped and looked behind
him.
"You stepped on my corn," growled
a voice In his ear. It wa3 tho voice
of a very big man. This big man
placed his hand upon Mr. Bellman's
shoulder. Then Bellman looked In
front of him. Two other men wero
looking on, smoking cigars. They
woro blue uniforms and brass buttons.
They smiled on Britches Bellman.
"Is this tho gentleman," said one,,
archly, "who has no uso for evidence?"
Bellman gasped again. "Tho bank,"
said another, "has been a-watchin' you
for two days; thoy wanted to stop you.
but wo wanted you to go on, until you
finished the the Job."
"Gee!" gasped Bellman, holding out
his wrists. "I I finished It, all right"
(Copyright, by Daily Story Pub. Co.)
BETTER TO PLAN THAN WORRY
Housewife Seems to Havo Right Prin
ciple, if It Is Properly Con
sldered. Ono of the cardinal principles of tho
eUlcient housewifo is to concentrate
her thoughts on tho work of tho hour,
and not wnsto mental energy on tho
innumerable tasks which tho day
holds for her.
Thero is tho story of the woman
who lumented: "Here's Monday and
all tho washing's got to bo done!
Tuesday, the Ironing! Wednesday,
tho baking! Goodness! half the week'3
gono, and not a thing done yet!"
Ono elllclent woman explained her
activities by saying: "I alwaya plan
ahead, but I never worry ahead." It
sho Is to glvo n dinner on Thursday,
for Instance, tho menu Is prepared
and the main ordering dono on Tues
day. Sho Is fortunnte in having a
butcher sho can trust, so that her
meats aro ordered then for delivery
Thursday. On Wcdnesdny she looks
over hor linen, dishes and sllvei, and
has everything In readiness to set tho
table tho next aftornoon. - Early
Thursday morning sho Is out, com
pleting her ordering, and by noon
everything Is ready for tho actual
cooking. Directly after luncheon tho
tablo is arranged, and then sho rests
for nn hour or two. Sho has oven
been known to go to a club meeting
or a briage party, mucn to tho amaze
mont of friends who know her plans
for tho evening. Exchange
Trousers Factories Still Running.
A writer, alarmed by tho sproad of
feminism, wants to know If there nro
any men left In this country.
Thoro must be a few left. Most ot
tho trousers factories aro still running
full tilt Baltlmoro Sun.
1