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THE SEMI-WEEKLY TRIBUNE. NORTH PLATTE, NEBRASKA.
m iiimaiu m
NOTES fPOM
MEADOWBROOK
Study your dalr7 cows.
Handlo tho cnlvos kindly.
Low-headed trees are best.
Feed hogs threo times a day.
Red clover makes a fair grado of en
Bllnge. EGG CAPACITY OF THE VARIOUS BREEDS
COMMON SENSE SUGGESTIONS IN HOG L'OT
fAI?A
William Pitt
Young chicks aro
them as such.
babies treat
rh
9i V V
f-feu
jV,''OwSv
Keep ahead of tho weeds.
Rotation keeps out disease.
Keep the cliicta free from vermin.
Fertilizer is an Important problem.
Never lot tho colt nurse if tho maro
Is heated.
Don't shut tho bull up in a dark,
lonesome place.
Oats arq made more palatable for
poultry by sprouting.
Thin out the hills of corn. Threo
good Btalks aro enough.
Onyl quiet, kind, fast milkers should
be allowed in the dairy barn.
All tho clovers aro very hard to cure,
us tho stems hold so much sap.
'
Don't fool with garget. I3egin treat
ment as soon as it is discovered.
Uniformity of type may bo gotten in
ia herd by using bulls of a uniform
type.
With poultry as with other products,
It is a good rulo to market as soon as
ready.
The first requirements of tho young
chick Is grit to aid in digestion, and
ipuro water.
A cow's pedigree Is all right to tie to
Just so long as it tallies with profits
in the milk pall.
A number of dairymen in the New
England states use hay caps for the
curing of clover and timothy.
It would bo Impossible to foretell
definitely at just what dato alfalfa
Bhould be broken in any given locality.
It is better to thin the fruit than to
prop the trees. It means bettor qual
ity of fruit and is. not so hard on tho
trees.
A bit of wheat bran or ground oats
will put tho fat on lambs fast, but give
It every day. Haphazard is no way to
do anything.
Many a valuable horse has bjeen
"hipped" starting in at tho barn door
that was simply thrown back and not
ipropped open.
Tho hog has been called tho "mort
gage lifter," but It is the hen that
keeps tho family In groceries while
the hog Is growing.
Never grease tho hen that is set
ting, as greaso getting on the shells of
the eggs will closo tho pores and
smother the chickens.
Tho closer you keep up in market
ing your eggs tho less loss there will
be. It doesn't take long for eggs to
spoil when the mercury Is hot.
Now and then we run across a farm
er who plants his corn before tho
ground Is rightly prepared. It never
pays to get In a hurry and "hog It in."
It is little less than cruelty to ani
mals to put a sore-footed horse on the
road. Keep him on tho farm if you
will, but never try to make a road
ster of him.
Tho swine industry is profitable and
nffords a market for waste products
and materials of little or no value In
themselves. Swine lit perfectly Into a
diversified farm plan.
V
To start an alfalfa Held where
the soil is deficient in lime and plant
food Is sometimes qulto a task, but
when onco established It Is like a
bankaccount for yenrs.
Take good caro of tho work ani
mals, for much will depend upon their
efficiency during the busy season
when crops must bo cultivated fre
quently and perhaps hurriedly.
Hog shods nerd not be expensive,
but they should bo dry, tight enough
to exclude rains and snows, and also
capable of being well ventilated in
summer when tho weather is hot and
shado Is needed.
Barnyard manure Is a very variable
substance. Tho more Important con
ditions which dotermino Ito composi
tion and vnluo aro ago and kind of
animal, quantity and quality of food,
proportion of litter, and method of
management and age.
The difference between hen-cost
which is more than mere feed and
iho product of tho average hen Is not
nnough to warrant one In keeping un
productive birds, so It Is wisdom to
give a third personal examination
vben birds como to maturity.
Solcctlon is what brings results both
in crops and In animals.
Chicks should not receive feed until
they aro thirty-six hours old.
Cowpeas, alfalfa and soy beans can
be successfully made Into silage.
A treeless pasturo Is good neither
for sheep nor any other animal.
Feed corn to tho setting hens. It
digests slowly and keeps up heat.
s
Immediately after tho pigs aro far
rowed allow them to suck the dam.
' An ogg is never in better condition
for setting than on tho day it is laid.
Chicks require about tho same food
that full-grown hens do, only less of
it.
A man who drives over a bad road
and is contented with it is a moss
back. It is astonishing how tho good seed
movement doee wako up the boys on
the farm.
Don't sow seed on poorly prepared
land. It means more work and often
poor returns.
It Is far easier to destroy ono weed
this year than a thousand of Its off
spring next year.
If chicks aro kept growing and free
of lice they are less liable to become
victims of disease.
Oatmeal boiled and made into a
gruel and mixed with milk, is an ex
cellent feed for calves.
If you want to be really up to dato
sweep down tho ceilings of your sta
bles and whitewash them.
Well-fed hogs possess great resist
ance against disease and are not so
liable to attacks of worms.
A solution of copper sulphate will
destroy weeds In gravel and cement
walks. Apply with a sprinkler.
Where Juno grass or dandelion Is
troublesome the alfalfa should be cut
while these weed pests are still green.
Tho water wallow in some brook
or creek. in which crude oil or coal
tar dip is sprinkled also spells rout
to lice.
The successful farming communities
aro those that pay somo attention to
the social side of life as well as the
industrial.
Chicks should have access to a clean
drinking fountain which should bo so
constructed that they cannot get them
selves wet.
A too liberal diet of corn will bring
on indigestion and liver troubles con
ditions that aro so frequently taken
for cholera In chickens.
A piece of growing corn near tho
hen houses Is an excellent thing for
the birds to run through. They will
get a lot of feed from It.
Don't over-tax the mares when they
aro suckling a young colt. Go easy
with them. Remember they are doing
double duty. Feed them generously.
Tho first eggs laid by pullets should
not he set as they are amnll and will
produce weak, undersized chicks. Let
tho eggs como to full size before set
ting. o
When handling a horse solf control
is essential. Don't get out of patience
and abuse him. Don't expect the
horso to guess at what you want him
to do.
If owners of dairy stock would al
ways remembor that tho calf of tho
present is to bo tho cow of the future
tho treatment would bedlfferent In tho
majority of cases.
If rain is imminent while tho oats
hay is in the windrow tho oats should
be plied up Into big shockB the big
ger tho bettor, for tho big ones will
come nearer turning water.
In selecting 'eggs for hatching much
care Bhould bo ubed. Select only nice
brown, well-formed and good-sized
eggs of heulthy stock Keep them just
cool nnd Incubato them an soon as pos
sible t
Doubtless buttermilk can bo fed to
pigs with great success, but as a gen
eral thing tho sweet milk or skimmed
product will bo bettor, becnuso it more
nearly approaches tho sort of nourish
ment the pig hns beon accustomed to
all his short life.
Thoro aro several good remedies for
tho deadly head lice on chicks, hut If
thoy cannot bo obtnined It Is well to
ubo lard, plain vaseline or carbolated
vaseline, being careful to thoroughly
greaso tho head and upper part of tho
neck of each chick.
CIPjiRr- -EST -&&- , iv
Single-Comb Buff Orpington, "Champion New Yorker."
In nlno months' test of tho laying capacity of 328 hens of different
breeds, conducted by tho Now Jersey station, and reported to tho de
parment of agriculture, the following porcentago ogg yield was obtained:
Whlto Leghorns and Rhode Island Reds, 40; Whlto Plymouth RockB, 37;
White Orpingtons, 32; Huff Orpingtons, 31; Hlack Lanshans, 27; Darred Ply
mouth RockB and Whlto Wyandottes, 26; and Light Hrahmas, 17. In gen
eral, there was noted among all the heavy layers a long body In propor
tion to Its dopth, with tho heavy development behind forming a wedgo
shapo when viewed from tho sldo, Into molting, a faded shank, bright full
eye, 6ften faded In color and freo from surplus face wrinkles. Tho poorer
producers were noted for an early molt and general sleek appearance.
KEEPING SMALL FLOCK
GOOD REVENUE FROM POULTRY
ON VILLAGE LOT.
Safe to Say That Any One With Ordi
nary Sense and Industry Can Make
Money by Raising Chickenc
Feed Only the Best.
(By KATE ST. MAUR. Copyright, 1014.)
With 150 square feot of ground suit
able for poultry, and dovotlng half
an hour every night and morning, !
with an extra two or threo hours on I
Saturday, you should bo able to add
two or threo hundred dollars to your I
income. My authority for this is my i
knowledge of a bank clork whoso
homo is beyond tho city limits, who
made ?B00 last year from a ilock of
100 hens, and of a postmistress who '
made ?462, though neither of them
gavo moro than a few hours a week
to poultry, so it seems safe to say
that any ono with ordinary common i
sense and Industry can make threo or
four hundred dollars. Any sort of old
nena and coops won t do. A person
who starts with very little capital
will find it advisable to buy threo
good birds rather than twenty poor
ones nnd make a clean, new house,
oven If it's only 3 by 6 feet, rather
than patch up somo vermin infested
shanty. This is tho timo to lay tho
foundation of winter eggs and next
year's profits, so if you have a flock
of any of tho popular breeds hatch
every one. But, If your flock consists
of mongrels, feed well and get all tho
eggs you can, sell them for table uso
and with tho proceeds buy eggs from
somo reliable dealer, or, what is bet
,tor, qell a few old birds and buy a
small Incubator. Thero is a good lit
tlo metal machine costing six dollars
which holds CO eggs. Flroless brood
ers from tho same firm cost tho same.
Feed Only the Best.
Chicks should hnvo nothing to cat
for 48 hours after leaving tho bhell.
Tho reason Is tho yolk is nbsorbed
immediately before a chick breaks
through tho shell and must be allowed
timo to digest and pass through tho
bowels boforo any foreign Bubstance
is introduced or indigestion and
diarrhea will result.
Commercial chick feed Is tho best
feed, being a mixture of seeds and
finely broken corn, specially put up
for chicks. Onco a day glvo a llttlo
pot cheeso or stale breed soaked In
milk nnd squeezed dry. When con
fined to brooders vegetable material
must bo added, such as lottuco leaves
or tops of greon onions chopped fine.
Keep clean water, ground charcoal
and flno grit always boforo them nnd
remember, with really good birds,
your profits como in tho Bprlng from
soiling eggs for hatching or for day
old chicks. Indeed, you should not
begrudgo tho utmost thought and caro
to your poultry In tho growing stage,
for it is then you aro building tho
foundation for a profltablo poultry
plant
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It Is much easier to run a Hock of '
poultry down than to build it up, and
nothing will run down a flock of chick-'
ens quicker than Improper feeding. I
HANDLING THE FARM POULTS
Wing Feathers Should Be Pulled
When the Youngsters Are From
Four to Six Days Old.'
According to somo good authorities,
little turkeys otand a better chance of
living and thriving if long wing feath
ers are pulled when they aro four to
six days old. At this timo thoy como
out easily. No doubt this prevents too
much 'strength being taken from their
systems by tho oxtremo growth of tho
long feathers that hang down (almost
drag sometimes), giving tho llttlo blrda
an unthrifty appearance.
When turkeys aro about two weeks
old, cays a writer in Inland Farmer,
wo .begin to feed them just a llttlo
cracked w;hent nnd other small grains
such as' chicks do well on, making tho
change by degrees. When feeding
milk curd wo sprinkle It lightly with
charcoal occasionally; this helps pro
vent bowel trouble. And once In
awhllo when wo aro giving moistened
feed wo sprinkle it lightly with llttlo
chick grit. ,
If you find young turkeys drooping,
tho first thing to look for is llco and
watch about feeding too much. On
farm range a turkey hen will ralso her
flock with yery llttlo feed from tho
houso; just enough to keep them
tamo and let them know they have a
home., Tho llttlo turks won't stand
domesticating as a chick will. They
havo to have plenty of air; won't do to
shut them In a closo coop.
FEED PAN FOR. THE POULTRY
Ordinary Vessel Placed In Shallow
Box Makes Form for Concrete
Receptacle for Fowls.
An excellent water or feeding pan
for small chicks can be mudo of con
crete. Tako an old pan and place It
in an inverted position In a shallow
box, a shown In tho sketch, then mix
Poultry Feed Pan.
tho concrete and pour It over tho pan,
says Popular Mechanics. When tho
cement seta, turn It over and a pan
will bo had that small chicks can
climb out of, should thoy get Into it.
Important In Breeding.
Tho most Important thing in poul
try breeding, or any other kind of
stock breeding, Is to havo ono dcslra
bio element predominating. That is
totally wanting In tho caso of mon
grels; nothing whatever Is fixed about
them, and tho Innumerable conflicting
elements In their composition, each
striving for mastery, only Insures me
diocrity. Stealing a Nest.
A hen will uso extreme caution
when going to a stolen nest to lay
and will cacklo loudly leaving tho
ncHt. This 1b "to discover tho where4
abouts of tho rest of th.H fowls, au tho
inalo bird will answer her.
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Prize Berkshire Hog.
Hogs nro fond of sugar boots nnd
thrive on thorn.
Mango is mainly caused by filth In
tho sleeping quarters.
In tho hot wenthor hogs should have
good pasture nnd llttlo grain.
Sunlight Is n natural tonic for tho
llttlo pigs and thoy novel in it.
Tho reeding palls should bo
scrubbed and scalded ovory day.
Young pigs that aro weaned should
bo fed four or flvo times each day.
Wo do hot beliovo in dosing hogs
with medlclno except In serious cases.
Ilowaro of tho Bway-back pig, no
matter If all tho other points nro good.
Tho hog Is an economic accessory
on tho well managed diversified farm.
Reading other people's opinions oft
en shows ub how far off wo aro In our
own.
Hogs thrive best when clean, and
thoy will always keep clean If given
tho chance.
Excellenco Is tho result of hard la
bor and pnyfng attention to llttlo de
tails in pig rnislng.
It is n bad practise to tako all the
pigs from tho sow at onco. Sho should
bo dried up gradually
Just because It 1b only a hog, do not
forget that clean, pure water Is moro
ncceptablo than slime.
Give plenty of range, clean pens,
clean feed, clean wator and tho liog
will as a rule tako card of Itself.
Select your brood pigs from tho
largest litters aa they aro generally
better breeders and better feeders.
A Flno
FEW PECULIARITIES
OF SWARMING BEES
Old Queen With Half of Workers
Leaves Old Home and Starts
New Colony.
(IJy WIANCIH JAHCJEIt.)
Hees Increase by swarming, or di
viding ono largo colony of bees Into
two. The old queen with about half
of tho bees loaves tho old homo and
HtartB a new colony somowhoro elso.
Tho young queen will tako chargo of
the old homo as soon as sho hatches.
Long before swarmlng-tlmo bees be
gin to make preparations for It. First
they raise a largo number of drones
or male beos, from which somo day
tho young queen may chooso her nmto
When later tho colony increases In
strength tho queen lays from eight to
twenty oggB In especially prepared
wax cells called queen cells.
Tho egg laid In a quocii cell, being
a common worker egg, will hatch into
a larva which tho bees will feed abun
dantly on "royal jelly." This special
food and tho lnrgo cell will make the
egg dovelop a queen. Tho ninth day
after the egg Is laid, tho bees covor
tho wormllko larva which hatches
from It, with a porous cap. Tho quoon
cell at this timo Its not unlike n poa
nut in appearance. As boon as tho
first queen coll la capped over, a sign
ia given and the old queen with nor
workerH leaves tho hive.
After circling In tho air for a while
tho swarm settles upon somo treo or
shrub and sends out scouts to find a
now homo for thorn, and the old queen
never again soea her old homo or hor
children, and even if starving to "death
Hho will not go back to tho old houso
'or ono drop of honey.
Feed and Care Count Much.
It is wrong to expect tho cow to
yield a large profit simply becauso ehe
is well bred. Sho must havo feed and
care or the breeding will amount to
nothing,
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Any man who perelstently breeds,
his gilts too young will find tho quality;
of his breed steadily deteriorating.
Solect your brood pigs from tho
largest litters, as they arc generally
better breeders and bettor feedero.
No matter what tho subsequent uso
of tho pig on tho farm Is to bo his
early development Bhould bo carefully
guarded. When tho green corn comes along a
llttlo later, do not stuff young pigs
all thoy will oat or thumps will bo tho
rosult.
A sow thnt suckles a big litter of
hungry pigs needs n great deal or
nourishing feed, but somo farmers
never aeem to loam that fact.
Tho farmer not prepared with wov
en wire fencing, with ample alfalfa
or clover pastures, Is not properly
prepared for tho economical produc
tion of pork.
Newly purchased hogs should bo
carefully examined for vermin, and
should not bo turned out with tho herd,
until thoy nro known to bo freo from
thcBo pests.
Certainly a good forngo crop for the"
hogs Is ono of tho most profitable1
crops a Bwino brooder can raise espo-,
daily when ono considers tho fact
thoy will harvest It without cost.
Tho mnin points to bo looked after1
to bo successful with hogs aro good
shelter, a warm, dry bud, freedom from
llco nnd worms, plenty of good drink
ing wator and nourishing food at regu
lar hours.
Specimen.
MAINTAIN FERTILITY
BY STOCK RAISINS
Barnyard Manure and Good
Phosphate Produce Excellent
Results, Used Together.
All tho grains, when sent to, mar
ket, carry away from, tho farm plant
food taken from the soil. Tho snmo la
true of milk, poultry and poultry prod
ucts, cnttle, Bheop and swino. Thoro
Is a steady and ceaseless outwurd cur
rent of tho elements of fertility. Ev
ery load of hay, vegetables and fruits;
means a loss of ammonia, phosphoric
acid and potash.
In trying to roplaco fertility lost by
tho nover-ceaslng salo of products, the
farmer uses barnyard manure. This'
material contains less of tho threo
elements of plant food above men
tioned than tho crop3 extract from
tho boll It Is evident, therefore, that,,
sooner or later, a comploto commer
cial fertilizer, furnishing nmmonla.
phosphoric acid and potash must bo
boueht In order to make i:ood thesu
J losses.
Thla is why commercial phosphates
ciiiiiu Into existence.
llaruynrd manure and a. good phos
phate produco excellent resulta whon
used together.
A typlcul urtlllclal manure or phos
phate for grain may bo said to con
tain 2 por cent of nmmonla, ii per
ctnt of available phosphoric acid mid
2 to 5 per cent of potash.
Routing Cabbage Worm.
There uro various ways of routing
'that unlverbal post, thocabbago woim.,
Hoail dust, wood ashes or flour1
sprinkled lightly over tho cabbage.
headB whon wot with dow will Inter
fere with tho workings of tho inaeet.
Soapsuds sprinkled ovor the plnutsi
has also tho desired olToct. Hut, per-
haps thero 1b nothing more satisfac-i
tory than salt and water. This not,
only finishes tho worms but tends to
make tho heads develop more fully.