Nebraska Newspapers

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THE 8EMLWEEKLY TRIBUNE NORTH PLATTE. NEBRASKA.
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TO STUDY ROAD CONDITIONS
Data Being Sought Looking Toward
Standardized System of Local
Road Management.
Detailed studies of local road build
ing nysteiiiB in 100 couuUcb are now
being carried on by the department of
agriculture In bo-operation with tho
utate highway departments nnd local
road authorities.
The purpose of this study is to dis
cover the points of excellence and de
fects in existing local methods of
building and maintaining roads which
will nid the state authorities to put
local road management on a systems
tlzed basis. The co-operating state au
thorities have been asked to desig
nate counties that present typical and
exceptional features as to topography,
churactor of road materials, methods
of construction and maintenance, ad
ministrative organization, methods of
road financing and trnlfic conditions.
From these lists 100 counties will be
selected, and in 'these counties the
division of road economics will mako
Intensive studies.
This investigation is prompted by
the fact that there is at present very
little knowiedgo as to tho most ef
fective and economical methods by
which a county can develop Its roads.
At present the methods of financing
local road improvements vary from
mt -xrr s.'n. -ij-A:3v-..
vrT" . -& .?,' i
Rolling a Road Surface.
calling on farmers for a certain num
ber of days labor in lieu of a road tax,
or tho use of county prisoners in road
construction, to bond Issues or main
tenance of roads from dramshop
license funds.
The department will study all of
these systems with tho view to deter
mining what system or combination of
systems works best in actual practise.
There Is, however, at present no
standard system of keeping accounts
for road building and maintenance,
and as a result, while somo counties
know to a penny tho purpose for which
money was spent, others have no defi
nite check or reporting system. Among
various counties with the samo condi
tions, cost for excavation or other la
bor Is anything but uniform, and man)
counties, becauso of tho absence c
deflnlto knowledge, fail to use loca.
and cheap materials and construct
road3 which are unnecessarily expen
sive for their purpose, or which will
wear out before the bond issues are re
deemed. The Investigation will In
clude a careful study of tho use of con
vict labor In road construction.
In connection with tho scientific
Htudy, the department's highway en
gineers will advise freely with local
officials as to Improvements, and thus
give each county visited the advan
tage of direct co-operation, engineer
ing supervision and assistance.
Theso Investigations, it is belloved,
will yield important economic dnUi
bearing especially on the benefits and
burdens of road improvement and
showing the extent to which flnancinl
outlay under given typical conditions
Ib Justifiable.
Tho heads of state highway depart
ments uro manifesting great interest
and are co-oporating cordially In this
work. These data when obtained will
be published nnd thus made accessible
to all county and state road officials.
Letting Sun Shine on Highway.
Tho earth road should havo at least
six hours of sunshlno each day. This
can bo obtained either by locating tho
load with southern or western expos
uro or by having such brush and trees
as impede tho drying action of tho sun
and wind removed. With gravel and
stone roads this Is not so necessary, as.
a certain amount of moisture Is needed
on such roads, especially iu tho sum
mer time.
Brings Market Nearer.
Tho good road brings tho market
jienrer to your farm and adds materi
ally to the value of the place, whether
you want to sell or live there.
Seeking Dry Roadbeds.
Itoads should never bo located so
close to stream beds as to be subject
to overflow, or on ground whlcii Is
constantly damp and marshy.
Every Citizen Interested.
A highway la no longer of purely
local Interest. Every citizen of a stat
Interested in the roada.
v. rraiii "upturn i --m ii --i rrw mm
iSmTv
BIG DANGER OF THE
r ' ' I
Apples That Have Been Cared for and Sprayed Regularly aro Not Subjects
for the Apple Miner.
Many fruit growers have observed
small brownish patches on tho leaves
of applo trees. Theso patches arc
caused by tho apple-troo miner, a mi
nute insect which feeds on tho internal
tissue of tho leaf.
The insect bus been known n long
time and has become well distrib
uted over tho United States and
Canada, bz'. baa never been a seri
ous pest until last year.
When once familiar with tho work
of this Insect it is an easy matter
to recognize Its presence. Yellowish
or brownish blotches are observed on
tho upper surface of tho leaf.
Early in Juno tho tiny eggs aro
deposited singly on the surface of the
leaf, adjacent to one of the larger
veins. Each egg Is protected by n
drop of wax, which appears In tho
sunlight as a glistening spot.
Tho eggs hatch in about six days
and the young caterpillars without ex
posing themselves to tho outside
world immediately enter tho leaf.
At ,first they make a narrow channel,
but with the increase In size of. the
Insect nnd its appetite tho channel
becomes wider, and the trumpet
shaped mine in the fabric of the leaf
is the result.
Tho caterpillars moult, or change
their coat flvo times. The coats are
aliko In color and structuro but vary
In size to accommodate the growing
Insects.
As the old clothes are shed they are
judlclousjy pushed out through a
small opening in the lower surface of
the mine. Tho Insects further dis
play their cleanly habits, unllko many
other leaf-miners, by depositing their
excrement without the mine through
this same opening.
Tho caterpillars reach their full
growth about the middle of July when
they transform to pupae. This rest
ing stato lasts only from eight to ten
days. At the expiration of this time
STUDY THE INSECTS
AND THEIR HABITS
Especially Favorite Remedy for
Cutworm Is Early Plowing
Fire Is Sure Destroyer.
(By L. jr. BENNINGTON )
All Insects pass tho winter In some
stage of their existenco. The question
'is, where and how? Certainly not on
'the wing, and often In u way that they
can bo easily destroyed.
Watch the fences and weather-boarding
of uupalnted buildings for the
chrysalis of tho cabbago worm, neatly
suspended by a couple of silken
threads. Soma of these times tho mis-chief-making
butterfly will emerge, and
it will prove many times more difficult
to destroy.
Many insects pass tho winter In egg
or larval form In tho rubbish about
the farm, old weed stnlks, -clumps of
dead grass, and the remains of last
j ear's crop being common lurking
places Firo Is a sure destroyer, and
cleans tho ground nicely for plowing.
Early plowing In spring is haid on.
InsectB. tho freshly exposed sod being
cleared of them by frpst. This Is es
pecially a favorito remedy for cut
worm, though the finely pulverized soil
which is a resultant Invites tho ants
freely
Tho pupa of the tomato-worm Is of
ten plowed up in the garden and is
distinguished by an appendage like the
handle of a plfmor. Whllo In thin
stage most Insect llfo Is dormant, tho
tomato or potato worm pupa expresses
its disapproval of being disturbed by a
couple of flops 1 1 placed in a hunny
window it will di-veop into u magni
ileent butterfly, but every one knows
the honld green lurva thut follows.
Every one is raralllnr with the snai
ping bugs or click-beetles which creop
Into our windows and amuse us by
falling on their back and felgnlug
death. Presently tlnj mako u click
ing noU9 and flop up several inches.
If the.y fall on tho back the perform
ance Is repeated until they light on
heir foetf when they penmpor off.
Their larvao live near the surface
the ground, aid from their long,
arcely tapering form and hard cov
4ng are known m wire worms. There
APPLE-TREE MINER
the pupao push themselves partly
through tho upper surface of tho
mine, break through their pupal skins
and appear as fully developed moths,
leaving the pupal skins partly project
ing through tho silt in the leaf.
These tiny moths aro very Incon
spicuous, but on closo observation
may be seen resting on tho apple
leaves. Like some ether members of
this family of insects tho moths as
sume a peculiar, attitude while at
rest. The fore "legs aro extended
while the others nre partly folded tin
der the body. In this way the insects
rest on tho fore legs and the end of
tho abdomen.
Tho female mollis soon after emerg
ing gets the egg-lnylng habit. The
production of eggs seems to be their
sole object In llfo. for after continu
ing the operation for two or three
days, without awaiting the result
they die.
'flie eggs soon hatch nnd produce
the second brood of caterpillars which
possess similar habits to those of the
llrst brood. They grow more slowlv
than those of tho first brood, not
n-nchlng maturity until about Sep
tember 1, or possibly later.
About this time they cease entliif,
and proceed to make thqir quarters
comfortable for the winter. TJnlik"
tho mines of the spring brood those
of the second brood aro densely lined
with fine white silk. In theso com
fortable quarters tho larvae spend the
winter
The gathering up and destroying of
the leaves In tho full readily suggests
Itself, and Is recommended where til
lage Is not practised. There are,
however, so many insects of various
species which spend part of their
existenco in the ground and which aro
destroyed by breaking up their quar
ters that aside from tho generally
recognized benefits, orchard tillage Is,
in most cases, recommended.
is hardly a cultivated plant which they
do not infest, und working as they do
beneath tho soil, they aro'difllcult to
copo with.
If tho cells containing tho pupa or
recently transformed ndults are bro
ken, their inmates perish. Henco all
plowing seems one way (o lessen tho
nuisance, as the plowing nnd succes
sive freezings must destroy many,
cells.
The lady bug in various forms is
quite common both indoors and out.
and should bo always carefully guard
ed as ono of the best aids in destroy
ing aphis.
Tho little rod lady bug with a black
dot on each wing Is often found about
houses In winter, nnd should bo trans
ferred to tho conservatory or window
garden.
It Is often mistaken for the buffnlo
beetle and destroyod, though the lat
ter Is smaller, and black and white
with simply n longitudinal band of dull
nJ along both sides of the back.
Plain Facts.
Thero is much or valuo written
those days about work on tho farm,
which will never benefit some farm
ers, because they have tho notion that
they are too busy to read.
The farmer who keeps record of tho
lncomo as well as the expenditure of
his farm stands a pretty good chance
against his fellow farmer who does
not keep records.
Better Cultivation.'
If the former would cultivate tho
garden better, and thus save somo of
tho money he sponds at tho store for
articles lie could ensily grow, his Held
products would come nearer being
clear profit- than under his present
system.
Cows on Pasture.
Whon cows aio 6n pasture and re
ceive llttlo or no hay, tholr grain ra
tion should be bulky. Bran, ground
onts, distillers' gialns beet pulp und
brewers' grains may he used to add
bulk to the ration, when practical.
Get Rid of File.
The files nro horo now thick. They
dig tho llfo out of the cows too if. you
do not spray them off. A rig for dlolng
that will not cost much. It Is far
more expensive not to havo ono than
it is to JnveBt a llttlo that way.
Boon to Mankind.
Ignatius Tootle, tho renowned au
thority on floral life, who liven near
tho quiet Hinge of Ynnkco Springs,
Is nt tho present time trying to out
burbank Burbnnk, tho wlz., by grow
ing u rectangular watermelon. Mr.
Tootlo has noticed fdr years Hint ulti
mnte consiimois havo hnd much trou
ble trjlng to carry watermelons from
tho store, inasmuch as they (tho wa
termelons) nro of awkward shapo and
quite slippery, nnd nftor n watermelon
has fallen and has hit tho cement side
walk Its usefulness may bo snid to bo
over. Mr. Tootle's watermelon will
be long nnd will have square corners,
one of which corners will lit Into the
bent elbow when the melon is carried
on tho Inside of tho arm. Mr. Tootlo
expects to havo his now melon grow
ing and on the market by 1927, If noth
ing happens. Uoston Cilobe.
j
ECZEMA ITCHED AND 'BURNED i
n t.' r vr. o Qovmmir Mn"Mv i
scalp broke out 'with fine 'pimples nt j
the start. They Itched and burned so
much that I was compelled to scratch
them nnd they would fester and come
to a head and break out again. The
trouble was attended by such burning
and Itching I could not sleep, also
when I sweat it burned tl)o same
My hair foil out gradually and tho
scalp kept rough nnd dry with Itching
nnd burning. After nbout two years
the pimples broko out between my
iihouldcrs. My clothing irritated them.
I was troubled with that eczema llvo
or six years.
"I tried everything that was recom
mended without any benefit "until I
used the Cutlcura Soap and Ointment
nccording to directions, nnd Cutlcura
Soap and Ointment cured mo sound
and well in two weeks" (Signed) S.
U Kllllan, Nov. 2?, 1012.
Cutlcura Soap and Otntmont sold
throughout .tho world. Sample of each
free, with 32-p. Skin Dook. Address post
card "Cutlcura, Dept. L, Doston." Adv.
Public Opinion.
People say how strong public opln
Ton Is; and, Indeed, It is strong while
It is in Its prime. In Its childhood
and old ngo It Is as weak as any other
organism. I try to maKo my own
work belong to tho youth of public
opinion, Tho history of tho world is
the record of tho weakness, frailty
and death of public opinion, as geol
ogy is the record of the decay of those
bodily organisms in which public opin
ions havo found material expression.
Samuel T3utler.
New Modern Dancinjr
Tlio trading Kipert nnd Instructor In Nrtr lurk
Cltr. writes: "Dear Sir; I havo used AM.KN'a
Kuot-IUhk, tho antiseptic powder to bo shukon Into
the shoes, for tho past U'li years. It In a blcshlnit to
all wlio aro compelled to bo on tbclr font. I dnuco
eight or ten hours dally, und Unci tbat. Ail.tS'rt
KooT-imsie kcop my feet pool, takes tbo frlrtlun
from tlinstioe, preTents corns and Bore, Aching feet.
I recommend It to all my pupils "
(Slcned) K. FLKTCIIKH I!AI,I,AMb!tlC.
SampleFitEE. Address Allcntt01uiMod,LuUoy,N.Y.
The Eternal Feminine.
"Want to hear some bad news?"
"Oh, yes! Goody! Who Is it about?"
Houston Post.
A wealthy dame who weighs 200
pounds is "portly." An ordinary wom
an who weighs 200 is Jiiht plain fnt.
Be hnppy. Uso Red Crosi Ball Blue;
much better than liquid blue. Delights
the laundress. All urocers. Adv.
. IUcIigb hnvo wings otherwise there
would bo but few high flyers.
Years of Experience
Makes Perfect
CASTORIA
Mothers may try new remedies on themselves but Baby's life
is too delicate, too precious to try any experiments.
Genuine '
BECAUSE it has been made under his personal supervision
for more than 30 years to the satisfaction of millions upon millions
of Mothers.
Sold only in one size bottle, never in bulk, or otherwise;
to protect the babies.
The Centaur Company,
WESTERN CANADA'S
NATURAL RESOURCES
PETROLEUM, NATURAL GA8, COAL
AND FARM LANDS.
Tho developments that havo taken
place recently in tho oil and gns fields
of Western Cannda hnvo but added
another to tho mnny previous evi
dences that havo been produced,
showing tho great wealth that has
been an unknown asset for so many
generations.
Tho latest reports from tho oil
fields at Calgary show that thero Is a
production, thoro that would appear
to equal tho best paying fields on tho
continent. Experts hnvo been on tho
giound for somo time. It is said that
ono of tho wells la able to produco
2,000 gallons an hour. If this la so
ut a ddzen weiis m
tho world or grcnter production. Dur-
l'B tho past week dlscovorlos of sur-
fwo indications lmvo been made which
show that oil exists over a consider
able portion of Alborta nnd Saskatche
wan, whllo in Manitoba thoro havo al
so been showings. At Bnttlcford,
Saskatchewan, a few days ago discov
eries wore mado which led to tho fil
ing for leases on twenty thousand
acres of land, nil having strong sur
faco Indications. Companies wero
formed to carry on immediato work,
and In a couplo of months, or probably
less, tho story will bo told whether oil
exists in paying quantities.
Hut there are also tho coal deposits
and tho natural gas deposits that aro
helping to mako of Western Cannda
ono of tho wealthiest portions of tho
continent.
With tho grain fields covering theso
hidden riches it is no wonder that a
continued rnngo of optimism 1b to bo
scon everywhere. Early reports of
seeding of all grains being successful
ly completed nil over tho country are
followed by reports of excellent and
strong growth everywhere. During
tho first week In Juno most of tho
wheat had reached a growth of from
twelve to twenty inches, with tho most
even appearance, almost universally,
that baa boon Been for years. Oats
appeared equally well, and covered tlio
ground in a way that brought tho
broadest kind of a grin to overspread
the farmer's countonunco.
llarloy, a favorito with tho hog rais
ers, had taken good root, and was
crowding oats for a first placo, as to
length of shoot. Cultivated fodder
grasses nro getting great attention,
as a conscquenco of tho inclination to
go more largely Into mixed farming,
nnd tho raising of hogs, cnttlo and
horses. Tho weather is reported flno.
Just what Is needed, nnd if present
favorable conditions continue, tho
grain crop of Western Canada for 1914
will bo tho largest avorngo in tho his
tory of tho country. Advertisement
Artificial Flowers an Old Idea.
Artificial flowery, woro mado In an
cient times by the Egyptians. In
ISuropo during the eighteenth century,
when there existed bucIi a crozo for
porcelain, flowers varo mado of this
substance; whllo tho odor of tho renl
flowers waB Imitated by tho use of
perfumes.
Bright, I Sayl
"Algy makes very suro of himself
beforo ho does nny boasting.''
"A safo blower, oh?"
Bears the Signature of
J&;
(J&&)ffiCZcM
WOMEN CAN
HARDLTBEUEVE
How Mrs. Hurley Was Re
stored to Health by Lydia
E. Pinkhcm's Vegetable
Compound.
Eldon, Mo. "I was troubled with
displacement, inflammation and femalo
weakness, t or two
years I could not
stand on my foot
lontf nt a timo and I
could not walk two
blocks without en
during cutting and
drawing pains down
my right sido whicli
increnood every
month. I hnvo been
nt Uuit timo purplo
In tho fnco and would
walk tho floor. I could not lio down or
sit still sometimes for n day arid a night
nt a time. I wns nervous, and had very
little appetite, no ambition, melancholy,
nnd often felt ns though I had not a
friend in tho world. After I had tried
most every femalo remedy wiUiout suc
cess, my mother-in-law ndvi3ed mo to
take Lydia E. Pinkham's Vegotnblo
Compound. I did so and gnincd in
strength every day. I hnvo now no trou
blo in any way nnd highly prnlso your
medicine. It advertises itself." Mrs.
S. T. HurtLEY, Eldon, Missouri.
Remember, tho remedy which did
Uiis was Lydia E. Pinkham's Vegetablo
Compound. For salo everywhere.
It has helped Uiousands of women
who hnvo been troubled with displnco-
menti.inflammation, ulceration, tumors,
! irregularities, periodic pains, backache,
I that bearing down feeling, indigestion,
and norvous prostration, after nil other
means have failed. Why don't you try
! t 9 T ,..!t I? PinL-Viiim M nAtntt m ft,
Ibi AJJ 111(1 AJ. A iimiliUU UAVU1W4UV VU
Lynn, Mass.
Make the Liver
Do its Duty
Nine times in ten when the liver la
right the stomach nnd bowels ire riuht
CARTER'S LITTLE
LIVER PILLS
gently butfirmly com
pel a lazy liver to .
do its duty.
Cures Con-
etipntion, In
digestion,
Sick
Headache,'
nnd Distress After Eating.
SMALL PILL, SMALL DOSE, SMALL PRICE,
Genuine must bear Signature
2;
E33M0MH
Wilt for cntnlmt nnd full Information abont u
tilg luylDg xincromluU profession MTory jent
nn receive morn requevls fur our graduates tlmn
wo can till. Address, Mr. llunon 11. Honors, Dean
ST. JOHlOril VICTKKINAHV COI.I.KOK
704 bylvunlo (Street, HLJosoiih,. Missouri
Manufacture Hog Cliolooi surnui ulso.
PARKER'S
HAIR BALSAM
A tollrt preparation of merit.
Jlelps to eradicate dandruff.
For Reltorinff Color nnti
Dcautjrto Cray or Faded Hair.
ouc Ana ti.w at urujrg isia.
Always
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