THE SEMLWEEKLY TRIBUNE. NORTH PLATTE, NEDRA8KA.
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WHAT FLAG DAY
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T IS now 138 years since tho United
Stated ot America was composed of 13
states, tho greater number of which had
a population of ltttlo moro than that of
tho nvorago city or today. Thoao 13
states have grown and multiplied until
thero aro now 48 states, with a popula
tion of noarly 100,000.000 of tho most
vlrllo and strongest race of men on
earth. It hns been demonstrated many
times In tho past century that tho strug
gles of tho patriots of 1770 wcro not In
vnln. Tho words "United States of
Amorlca" aro an Inspiration and a help
to tho oppressed of all glands. Tho Union gleams
out through tho world as a gigantic monument of
freodom, and tho lowly and persecuted of all na
tions have their oyoa turned toward America with
tho hope that Bomo day thoy may reach the prom
ised land.
Tho American flag Is tho oldest flag among tho
nations of today It antedates oven the presont
omblomn of tho ancient omplros of China and Ja
pan. Tho Stafr-Spanglod Banner has a history un
Ilko tho flag of any other people It Is older than
tho presont ling of Groat Britain, which datori from
1801; it Is older thnn tho German omplro Btandard
of 1870; older than that of Franco 1794 or that
of Spain 1786
Tho first logtslatlvo action of which there Is
any record concornlng tho design and adoption of
n natlonnl flag was taken In a resolution of con
gress at Philadelphia on Juno 14, 1775, but Jt was
not until October or November of that year that
a commtttco of three Benjamin Franklin, John
Adams and Ilogor Shorman mot In tho old city of
Cambridge and entered upon their duties. After
long deliberation, this commlttoo adopted a design
consisting of tho king's colors tho crosses of St.
Goorgo and St, Andrew with 13 parallel horizontal
stripes, nlternato rod and whlto. A most strango
and unfortunate selection It would soem.
Tho flag was unfurled for tho first tlmo over tho
camp of the Continental array at Cambridge, on
tho 2nd day of January,
177C When tho onslgn
was flrat displayed at Cam
bridge, tho British regu
lars aBsumod it was In
tended ns an indication of
submission by tho 13
Btatos to tho king, whoso
Hpecoh had JuBt been sont
to tho Amorlcans. Tho
commont of tho British
Iteglstor of 1770 on tho
now standard Is Interest
ing: "Tho robols burnod
tho king's speech nnd
changed tho flag from ti
plain bannor to ono bear
ing 13 stripes, ns a sym
bol of tho numbor and
union of colonies."
Isnbello Worroll Ball la
tho woman who made tho
American flag hor llfo's
fitudy. Sho Is tho daugh
ter of a veteran of tho
Revolutionary war and.
tho rounder of Flag day,
which Is now observed all
over tho country, Hor fa
ther waB Capt Jamos P.
Worrell, who aorvod
through tho Civil war, and sho numbers among
her rolatlvos many of the horoos of both wars.
Many years ago Mrs. Ball became convinced that
the real history of our flag was unknown. Sho
determined to unravol tho tangled skein, and
give to posterity the truo history and ovolutlon
of tho American flag.
"It was suggeatod by early wrltors that Georgo
Washington's coat of arms wns tho model for our
flag of today," Bald Mrs, Ball. "Those statomentB
aro Bupportod only by tradition and legend, as
all my search hns proved that Washington was
not egotistical enough to present his coat of arms
to tho nation as a model ror Its flag. I have
dolvod Into history as rar as It Is posstblo to go.
I have examined many manuscripts, and havo
aoparntod tradition and logend rrom racta, nnd It
Is my bollof that Washington novor thought of
Ills coat of arms as a model for tho flag. In fact,
thore Is grave doubt that Washington had any
thing to do with tho doslgnlng of tho flag nt all.
"A scntonco from ono of Washington's own
letters seems to mo to clinch this statomont.
Sir Isaac Heard, an eminent writer of tho early
lays, wrote to Washington concerning his cont
of nrms, which appoars upon tho doorway and
mantels of tho old Washington manor hquse In
Kngland, To this Inquiry Washington replied
on May 2, 1792:
"'This Is a subject to which I confess I havo
jmld very little- nttontlon. Tho armB Inclosod In
your lottor aro tho namo that aro usod by tho
family hero. Aa will bo aeon, this was a lettor
wrltton a decade aftor tho cIobo of the Revolu
tionary war, and nearly two decades aftor tho
adoption of tho Stara and Strlpos by tho congress
of tho United Statos, If Washington, at that late
date, had paid llttlo attention to his coat of arms,
ho certainly paid loss In his younger days, and
especially at a tlmo when ho was surrounded by
onomlos, malignantly persecuted by thorn, and
wan naturally dooply ongrousod In tho army and
tho preservation of tho now-born nation. I do not
Jlnd In all of Washington's writings a slnglo allu
sion by him of any of his contemporaries that hla
coat of nrms was usod as a modol ror tho flag.
"Tho ovolutlon or the Hug waB gradual and un
doubtedly grow out or tho doslro or tho poople
who had como to this country to get away rrom
iho tyranny of Old World moiinrcha. Of courao,
tho first flag In this country wna tho rod and yol
low flag of old Spalp, brought ovor by Columbus.
Tio Cabots, with othor dlsooverors of England,
planted tho cross of St. Goorgo up around New
foundland. Podro Rolnal, for the. Portuguese,
planted tho llvo-spottcd blue flag of that then
great maritime nation. Honry Hudson, coming
hero for tho Dutch, brought the yellow, whlto and
blue Hug, uudor which ho sailed up tho Hudson
river, This flag was tho flag or tho Dutch Kant
India company, Theso may bo considered tho
four discovery Hags,
"Knglund domtnatod tho country, and tho Kng
Ilah colors wore really tho Inst as well as among
tho Jlrst to domtuato tho destinies or the evolving
nation. The cross or St, Goorgo, with the added
Wmk i ft Ski Tw MWrnr ksJD$F
TWHIWi JJ
W. -SVSL X? 4 y IZOKER.
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&j,&3RmirriZAGmY-
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ANTELOPES ARE VERY SCARCE
Pronghorn Variety Is Being Hunted
Nearly to Extinction Exceed
ingly Swift Animal.
Denver, Colo. It would Beem to bo
something of a foit to climb such a
desort boulders ss aro round In south
ern Colorado. Tho men who climbed
those rocks camped for several days
at the baso of a pllo of them whllo
on an antelopo hunting oxpcdltlon.
Tho pronghorn antelopes which at
ono tlmo abounded throughout tho
great West havo been hunted of late
years to such an extent that they aro
becoming very scareo. They aro ex
ceedingly swift animals, however, and
In a straightaway chase It takes a horse
3f unusually good bottom to enable tho
huntor to get within rlflo range. With
tho black-powder rifles of 20 years
ago, and their range of 250 to 300
yards, there was little danger of the
oxtinctlon of tho antelopo, but with
tho present-day high power smokeless
powder rifles with telescope sights, tho
poor antelopo is a much more frequent
victim. Trusting to his groat speed
ho seems to tako delight In keeping"
"just out of range" and this ho could
do to a nicety with tho older huntora
who carried black-powder Winches
ters, running ahead about three hun
dred and fifty or four hundrod yards,
and slackening his pace most provok
Ingly when tho hunter slackened his.
He seemed to delight In being ono of a
party to many a "wild goose chase."
But In spite of his extraordinary
vision due to his great teloscoplc eyes,
tho antelope apparently cannot adjust
HENRT HOWLAND
BEFCRE
<tZ Q&3m?J&JFZAr8
cross of St. Andrew, nnd later on with the cross
of St. Patrick, was the very last flag to bo sup
planted by the Stara and Stripes.
'Tho people of Amorlca, with growing contempt
for Old World flags, fabricated many or their
own. Some ot theso were very odd, and without
exception, all of them wore very ugly. This was
true until 1620, when tho Mayflowor carried tho
St. George's cross, but those stern old Puritans
protoated against the use of tho cross upon the
flag, bellovtng It to be sacrilegious, and In every
way they could, used other devices and designs,
only to bring down upon themselves the wrath
of tho king's officers in the colonies, The first
evldonco of this was when a Mr. Endlcott, mu
tinying against tho cross, concludod to cut off
one end of It. Roger Williams, for some reason,
probably Just to get a whack at one whom he
disliked, complained ot this. The king's officers
took It up, and after a long discussion, decided
that Mr. Endlcott had boen guilty of leso majosto,
although that term was not known In thoao day's.
Ho 'was doposed from office and a penalty Im
posed that ho should not hold ofllco again for
ono year, thus putting an end to the flying ot
any flag othor thnn that bearing thef St. Georgo
cross,
"For a long tlmo a plain rod flag was carried
by an organization called tho Sons of Liberty.
Following this was a bluo flng with three cres
cents, anothor with two, and Btill another with
ono. Washington himself in 1775 suggested n
whlto (lag with n pine treo, and this la only an
other proof that tho story of Washington's cont
of nrms wns falBo. About 1775 a striped green
nnd yellow flag was carried by ono of tho militia
companies. In Jnnuary, 1775, tho first rod and
whtto-strlped flag was adopted. This wns known
ns tho Cambridge flag, and consisted of 13 alter
nate rod and whlto stripes, with tho king's colors
then consisting of St. Andrew's and St. Georgo's
crossos on a blue Held.
"ijUor a Colonel Gadson proposed to congress
our first naval ling. This was n great big yellow
ting, with a Biiako collod up In tho centor. It
hung over tho head or the apoakor ror soma years
and then wont out or existence. Following thlB
cixuin flags or rod and bluo strlpos, nnd red and
whlto Btrlpes, each without a field, and each with
snukes in thom. There were pine treo Hags
galore. There wero flags with badgers, Hags with
anchors; In fact, any old thing oxcept a St.
George's cross seemed acceptablo to the colonists
struggling ror light In tho darkness. In 1776 the
Rhode Island colony ndoptod a ling or 12 whlto
Btara on a bluo Hold. This Is tho very first tlmo
stnrs appeared In tho flag
"From tho dato or tho Declaration or Inde
pondonco and ror a year or more nftorward tho
colonies used almost everything that Hies In tho
heavons or swims In tho water or grows on land
aa n symbol for their Hag. Finally, ono bright
duy In Juno, with no father and no mother, Old
Glory wbb born. There is not a word or record
of any kind to shONv'who designed tho flag, who
presented the resolution, er how It over got Into
?zgry& mmnCR, ift&)oix&iR3H$r
the congress of tho United
States. Tho tact Is sim
ply recorded as follows: ,
" 'Resolved, That tho flag
of tho 13 United States be
13 stripes, alternate red
and white; that tho Union
be 13 stars, white In a
blue field, representing a
new constellation.'
'.'So far as tho vote Is
recorded ' In congress it
was unanlmoqB,:JSjld that
Is how tho flag'Wau born.
"About this tlm" the
great seal- of tho United
States camo iuto exist-
once. On July 4, 1776,
Benjamin Frankl'" John
Adams and Thomaa Jeffer
son wero appointed a com
mittee to prepare devices
for a giat Beal of the na
tion. ThlB commltteo re
ported on August 10 of tho
same year and recom
mended a design to con
sist of a roso of red and
whlto for England, a this
tie for Scotland, a heart
for Ireland, a fleur-de-lls
for Franco, an Imperial
eagle In black for Germany, and a Belgian Hon
for Holland, tho Idea being to commemorato the
countries rrom which the states had been peopled.
In addition, ' it was Intended to have three escutch
eons linked together by a chain, and each ot
these chaliiB was to bear the Initial or each or
the 13 Independent states. Then thero was to be
a Goddess of Liberty In corselet and armor, with
Bpear nnd cap and a shield of the Btates, with a
goddess of justice bearing a sword In her right
hand and In her left a balance. In the corner
provision was made lor the eagle ot Providence
In a triangle, with the motto, 'E Plurlbus Unum.'
On tho other sldo of this unique seal was Pharaoh
In an open chariot, with a cross and sword, pass
ing through tho divided waters of tho Rod sea In
pursuit of tho Israelites. Moses was thero, and
the pillar of flro, with the motto, 'Rebellion to
tyrants is obedience to God.' This design waa
not adopted.
"In March, 1779, another committee was ap
pointed, and the roport they made for a great
seal was worse thnn the first. On June 13, 1782,
however, n William Barty or Philadelphia pro
posed practically the present cont or arms, which
was finally adoptod atter being modified by an
other committed,"
Tho story or John Paul Jones Is intlmntefy
associated with tho story or our first flag. Tho
samo congress that created tho first flag ap
pointed John Paul Jonee to command tho Conti
nental ship or war Ranger nt the same time.
When tho Hng was prepared and tho Ranger was
about to go torth on her lonely adventuro tho
naval committee made tho commander tho first
official present or the flag or the United States.
'Tho achievements or the Ranger are a matter
or tho most stirring ovonts or our history. All
tho world knows how, In 1777, Jones made such
gallant use of the Ranger and kept tho shores of
England and Scotland In constant terror.
The first military Incident connected with the
now Hag occurred on August 2, 1777, when Lieu
tonants Bird and Grant Invested Fort Stamwlr.
Tho garrison was without a flag when tho enemy
nppearod, but the patriots soon supplied one vory
much on tho pattern Just adopted by the Conti
nental congress. Shirts were cut up to form
whlto Btrlpes, bits of scarlet cloth wero joined
for tho rod, and tho blue ground for the stars
was composed of a cloth cloak belonging to Cnpt.
Abraham S'wartout, who was then In tho fort.
Before Biinsot this curious mosaic standard, as
proclouB to the beleaguered garrison ns the most
boautlful wrought flag of silk and needlework,
wns floating over ono of tho bastions. Tho Blego
was raised on August 23, but It Is not known
what beenmo of tho Improvised flag.
In his statoment to Governor Trumbull, August
21, 1777, or tho occurrences at Fort Stnmwlx,
Colonel Wlllott mentions as ono or tho results
or his sally from the fort that he captured and
brought oft five of tho enemy's colors, tho wholo
of which, on hla return to tho fort, wero displayed
on tho fingstarr under tho Impromptu Continental
tlC
smi
Stay, you that
proudly plan to
dar
And you that
oek to dot
Do fort) you hurry
forth to try
To proudly plant
your standard
h!h.
An honest wont
with you.
Who nooks to ral3o
lilraaolf above
The lovel of tha
crowd ,
Must draff through
many a alougli
ot woo
And tuff or many a
blinding blow
And oft sit hum
bly buwad.
For ovary llttlo
gain ha maica
Who trlea to tako tho lead
A hundred disappointments loavo
Their Impress on him: to achlove
Tho heart must often blood. (
i
Stay, you that plan to gain renown
Or play a uplendld part:
Ten thousand soro dlscourasomenta
Upon your heart shall leave their dentm
Before you get a start.
me
$2?$$?' T A
Doe Antelopo Tamed by Ranchman.
his notions of safety to tho much moro
deadly qualities of tho high-power
rifle. He will scour across tho plain
liko tho wind for a mile or bo and
then, consumed with curiosity, ho will
stop and turn to look at the hunter,
well within rango of the good marks
man. Tno. result is that tins beautiful
animal is becoming scarcer and
scarcer, although owing tq the vast
extent of tho desert and semi-desoft
land In the West it Is not probable
that it will ever become actually ex
tinct. Possibly, too, In a few moro
generations of animals the instinct of
Belf-preservatlon will keep it out of
rango of oven tho dynamlto guns. The
antelope Is a true desert type of deer.
It never enters tho foreat and can.
to for days without water. It has
been found at such great distances
from water that It had the reputation
among some for never drinking, but
theso failed to consider that tho ante
lopo can easily cover 00 miles la
much less than a day.
Near some of tho rock piles In tho
desert are salt lick, where, antelopes
and other desert animals como to get
the salt.
Lovq'b Triumph.
With a fluttering heart tho beautiful
girl approached tho magnificent old
duchoss.
"I havo come," tho lovely American
said, In low, awoet tones, "to speak
to you about something that is very
that is vory very1 "
"There, there, sit down," tho state
ly dame Interrupted. "Compose your
self. Won't you have something to
quiet your nerves?"
"Oh, thank you, you are very kind.
As you doubtless know, my father
began his life aa a tin peddler, and
my mother In her younger years had
a job as dining-room girl In a board
ing house. But you will not let theso
things, prejudice you against mo, will
you? Pleaso Bay that you will over
look my family and Judge mo for my
worth alone. I love Bortle so much.
It would kill me if you wero to tell
ma that ho cannot bo mine. Please
please say that you will give your
consent?"
"H'm! Havo you and ho arrived
at an understanding?"
"Yes. L asked him last night to bo
mine, and ho confessed that bo loved
me. All that we need now to complete
our happiness is your consent"
"Well, if you can support htm In
tho style to which ho has been accus
tomed, I suppose I must yield."
"Oh, you dear, sweet old thing! L
will give orders tomorrow to have tho
castle fitted up with modern plumb
ing and an elevator."
MADE ILL ,BY DOG'S DEATH
Owner Couldn't Sleep for Thinking of
Loss of Pet; So He Sues Chief
1 of Police.
Pittsburgh, Pa. When Chief of Po
lice William Haztett ot Tarentum shot
and killed a dog ownod by John H.
Huey, the latter wa3 Borely grieved.
So much so, In fact, that ho brought
suit against Har.lett asking damages
to the oxtont ot $35 for tho loss of. his
kyoodle.
Tho bill of particulars la couched
In terms ot endearment for the dead
canine, and tho claim for damages ia
based on the following grounds'.
"That tho loss of the dog. has caused
Huey much distress and discomfort,
and that his hoalth haa been Impaired
becauso of the death of the canine,
as it caused him to lose sleep at
nights, and also deprived him of tho
animal's lovo and affection."
Huey declared that money cannot
assuage hie grief, but all things con
sidered, ho should bo paid for tho
dog.
PERCY AND LIONEL.
"Yes, It's pret
ty hard to tell just
how to name ba
bies so their
names will bo ap
propriate when
they grow u p.
Thore was my
Uncle David. Ho
had two sons, and ho called them
Porcy and Lionel. Percy ia a black
smith now."
"What'B Lionel doing?"
"Lionel? Oh, he's doing welL Runs
ono of the biggest sausage factories in
St Joe County."
DUST DIDN'T BLIND SLEUTH
New York Detective Sees Man Beat
ing Rug and Remembers
Old Theft.
Now York. Dotoctlve Martin Owona
of tho West Forty-seventh street po
lice Btatlon, waa walking along West
Forty-third street when, on top ot tho
tonement house at 203, he saw Harry
Smith, a tenant, beating a Persian rug.
Tho dust flew out of the rug at a rato
that attracted tho attention ot tho de
tective "That looks llko tho rug, by tha do
scrlpttbn, that was stolen from Mrs.
Dora Waller or 303 West Forty-third
stroot on October 4, 1912," said OwenB
to himself, pat as a walking encyclo
pedia of records. Then he went up
and arrested Smith and took him and
tho rug to tho station. Lator Mrs.
Waller Identified the rug as her property.
The Last Hope.
On Thespls woman e'or relies
To be her willing benefactress;
If ever thero should be the need
She thinks sho could at onco proceed!
To earn her living as an actress.
For man there is another way;
When hla best plan go to the dlckena
He runs his fingers through his hair
And thinks ot stttlng down somewhera
And getting wealth by raising chickens.
Good Cheer.
"What makes you so cheerful today,
Ophelia? You look as If you had Just
inherited about a million dollars."
"Oh, Alfred! What do you think'
It has been found out that Mrs. Sim
pleigh, that blonde the men have all
boen crazy ovot this winter, was di
vorced by her first husband on thla
ono'a account"
The Office and the Man.
"Do you believe in letting tho offlco
seek tho man?"
"Well, that dopendB on whether tho
man can get along just as well as not
without tho ofllco."
The Difficult Part.
It doesn't tako a man very long to
become wiao, but getting othor peo
ple to recognize your wisdom, after
you have It, Is a long and tedious job.
Art.
"I didn't know she had much of an
Idea of art"
"Ob, yes. She's bad all tho doors
taken off and hung Navajo blankets
In their places."
A Hundred Years Hence,
"She Is always boasting about hor
family."
Yes. Her great-grandparents wero
arrested by customs Inspectors whoa
they camo to this country."
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