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THE NORTH PLATTE SEMI-WEEKLY TRIBUNE.
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MMDOWBR00K
&-A FARM
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Begin alow with poultry.
Dairy records nro essential.
Cull out tho non-laying pullets.
Bo careful with th pruning knife.
There Is not much profit In fussing
with sick fowls.
i
Trim tho trees now. Cut out tho
cross branches.
Tho cow's udder should be carefully
cleaned beforo milking.
One never realizes the valuo of his
Umber until his wood lot Is gone.
Many horses have died from blind
staggers caused by eating moldy baled
hay.
Tho farm separator Is too good a
stop-mother for the calf to get along
without.
No animal Is more susceptible to
Improvement by breeding and feeding
than the pig.
If we cannot get the best cows there
are, lot's get tho best we can and then
work for better.
If too much rich table scraps are
fed to the hens In confinement look
out for soft-shelled eggs.
Culling tho pullets may seem a
small matter to many, but It adds
dollars to the year's profits.
Pure-bred hogs receiving scant care
quickly degenerate, and are about
as worthless as the genuine scrub.
Figure now to cut next winter's
feed bill as much as possible by plant
ing sufficient acreage to forage crops.
Poultry on the farm, In place of be
ing an exponso Is often a help In de
stroying Insects and many kinds of
seed.
One-half tho difference between a
$20 and a $100 cow Is often tho result
of the difference between a poor and
good sire.
Select good eggs from a healthy
flock and Bet your Incubator In a well
ventilated cellar or room with an even
temperature.
In a market fowl the breast Is the
main thing, but In ordor to obtain a
desirable breast It is necessary to have
a good body first
Alfalfa alone will not produce per
ceptible gains on pigs, and if fed
alone may be considered as a mere
maintenance ration. v
...
Plg-ralslpg will permit many sys
tems of management and a person
should work out a system best adapt
ed to his farm and stick to It.
.
In catering to the trade where fruit
Is marketed try to put yourself In tho
position of the buyer and then furnish
tho quality of fruit the trade wants.
...
Do not plant block orchards of one
variety of apples, plums or peaches;
mix your varieties so as to give proper
pollination to tho blossoms. Don't for
get this.
...
Every farmer knows that if he turns
his cows or any other cattle onto a
good bluegrass pasture in the spring
of tho year excellent results will bo
obtained.
.
Plenty of grit nnd oyster shellB
should bo beforo the henB all of tho
time. Remember, the snow makes
their UBual supply of these necessities
lnaccesslblo In the winter.
...
Celerlac Is a form of celery fn which
the root, rather than tho stalk is edi
ble. The seed is Bown and tho crop
Is socured tho Bamo as celery, except
that blanching is not requirod.
...
Breed 1b all right, and no farmer
can afford to Ignore It, but tho cow
which gives tho best returns from a
given amount of feed Is tho animal to
tie to. "By their works yo shall
know them."
A sheep that Is kept In a dry place
sheltered from tho wind will not suffer,
even on tho coldest nights; but if the
stable is allowed to get too warm and
close they aro almost certain to suffer
when turned out tie following day.
Tho hog enjoys clean surroundings
and comfort In his buildings Just as
much as a hen or tho horse or the
cow, and the best way to get tho best
results is to furnish him with this
kind of comfort. This doesn't neces
sarily mean pampering; It means Just
common sense care.
IS;
J
Uso only puro seed.
...
Hens need much exercise.
...
Keep the hog troughs clean.
Deep, fall plowing Is preferable
...
Abuse generally educates tho cow
to kick.
...
A troo that Ib overloaded cannot pro
duco good fruit.
Tho moro tho study, tho greater the
success In dairying
...
Strcnks In butter aro usually caused
by an uneven distribution of salt.
.
In disinfecting tho interior of an In
cubator, ubo a fine spray if you can.
...
Tomatoes require a largo amount of
water, but this must not bo overdone.
When not too expensive potatoes
may bo fed to cows in limited quanti
ties. ...
Keep tho cowb clean and you will
not have so much trouble with stringy
milk.
...
No farmer Is measuring up to his
privilege who docs not keep a flock of
poultry.
...
Keep materials and tools In their
proper places, to bo accessible on
short notice.
...
Poultry cannot bo oucceosfully
raised without tho application of
brain nnd muscle. ,
...
Tho Plymouth Rock breed of chick
ens has long been known to bo ono
of many good qualities.
...
Pruning trees in the orchard Is a
thing 'which easily may bo overdone
by an inexperienced man.
Millet Is a good hay for cattle, and it
should bo used for that purpose; don't
run any risk with horses.
...
If you want to bo really up to date
sweep down tho ceilings of your sta
bles nnd whitewash them.
...
Lettuce thrives best In a light, sandy
loam, but when It comes to horserad
ish tho land ennnot bo made too rich.
Thero Is llttlo available data con
cerning tho valuo of ground alfalfa
as a feed for dairy or fattening cattle.
...
Poultry makes good Insect de
stroyers for orchards. Have the runs
extend Into tho orchards when pos
sible. ...
A largo portion of the clover fail
ures can be attributed to a lack of
knowledge and consequent inattention
to details.
...
A light surface dressing of eight to
ten loads of manure per aero will in
crease tho yield of grain next year If,
applied properly.
...
One of tho great troubles with the
apple tree that has been built with a
top around a main leader is that It
usually Is too high.
...
As a breed Improves In ability to
lay on flesh rapidly and thicken the
cuts, tho refinement of features and
bono always follows.
...
The egg producing qualities of the
hen, like the butter making qualities
of the cow, will determine tho hen's
value at tho end of tho year.
...
In digestible nutrients alfalfa and
sweet clover aro nearly on a par, but
stock know a difference and will take
tho alfalfa every tlmo If they can got
it
...
Do not decolvo yourself with the be
lief that you can successfully roiso
poultry without .admitting plenty of
sunshlno to the poultry yard and tho
houses.
...
Strawberries muBt not bo uncovered
too early. The mulch should remain
on bo as to retard growth, and thus
make tho bloom appear after the late
spring frosts.
...
Do not feed tho chicks until thoy
are at least 36 hours old and then let
tho first feed bo something soft, such
as hard-boiled eggs mixed with oat
meal or breadcrumbs.
...
Be sure seed of the best possible
quality 1b purchaaed for tho gardon.
Neither the gardener nor farmer can
afford to ubo poor seed becauso It is
cheap. It Is tho most expensive in the
end.
Cull out the bows that produce
stock that Is not good size. Send to
tho butcher's block tho sows with
small Utters. Get out of tho herd the
peevish hogs and tho pigs of low vi
tality. Then some money will bo
made in handling swine.
. . .
Make a careful survey of your farm.
Are you using your land to tho best
advantage? Aro you using nil of It
to tho best advantage or have you n
bnrn lot large enough for tho handling
of 25 head of cattle, ten head of
horseB, a dozen or so of sheep or hogs;
with ono team, a milch cow and a
couplo of pigs running In It?
...
It has been domonstatcd that over
grazed stock ranges on the national
forests can bo brought back to uso
under a system of regulated grazing
faster than If they aro left unused.
ADVANTAGES OF SWISS BREED OF CATTLE
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Excellent Specimen of Swiss
Thoro aro many ends for which tho
Swiss cattlo aro bred In Switzerland.
Tho first objects In all cattlo brooding
aro the products of milk and of meat,
but tho nnlmolB can also bo usod for
work. In general that which is most
wantod Is to obtain an avorago llvo
welght, this weight being a llttlo
higher and subject to variation In tho
Slmontal breed than that of Schwyz.
The heights and Inclinations of moro
or less Importance, tho diversity In
tho composition nnd tho fortuity of
tho soil, and In tho management and
care given to tho cattlo, Influence a
great deal tiro live-weight and size of
tho cattlo coming from different re
gions and establishments. Thus In
some districts they prefer raising cat
tlo of an average weight or of great
weight, while In otlior regions only
cattle of lighter weight aro bred. In
tho regions where tho Schwyz cattle
are bred, thoro is a greater dlfferenco
on account of the great number of dif
ferent methods in tho way bf raising
and managing tho cattle. Yet the
ends aimed at aro tho same in the two
breeds with ono dlfferenco only; that
those animals which aro of lighter
weight and less well managed have
much less meat and precocity. In every
case, what Is striven after, Is to obtain
healthy and strong cattlo. In sum
mer tho greater part of tho cattlo
breeders of the Mlttclland send their
cattlo up to tho Alpine pasturages, and
moreover there is a great deal of ex
changing between tho cattlo breeders
of the Alps and those of the plains.
With regard to tho animal's faculty
to work, it must be said that since
tho culture of wheat has, these last
twenty-flvo or thirty years, greatly di
minished, in the plains as well as In
tho alpine regions, very few oxen of
the Schwyz breed aro seen. Instead
of these thoy use cows and heifers
for agricultural work. On tho confines
of tho two regions whore these cattlo
aro reared, wo sometimes meet with
oxon of tho Slmontal breed, which aro
vory precocious and which bocomo
very heavy. This does not hinder tho
Schwyz breed furnishing animals apt
to labor. Their black, strong and
hard hoofs, their quick temperament,
groatly help them in their work even
along tho smooth roads. Their faculty
to fatten is good and tho quality of
their meat excellent The live-weight
of these animals of tho heavy typo Is
satisfactory and might be higher In
some districts, If account was kept of
their faculty of fattening.
In former times, tho descriptions of
the cattlo, show that thon white spots
ln-tho hair were rather frequently met
with. Till about tho middle of tho
last century tho animals with a spot
In tho mlddlo of tho forehead wore
not excluded from cattlo shows, but
since thon they are getting under
valued and at tho present tlmo thoy
are not admitted at tho competitions,
as no animal obtains a nri.n with
spots, uiiIosb they aro found on tho
inrenor part or the belly. TIiobo cows
that havo a spot higher up than tho
belly or on any other part of tho body,
are excluded. Cattlo having reddish
colored hair aro not readily received.
Yet It most be remarked that the
animals which nro exposed to bad
weather In tho nlnlno dlstriotn t
dirty reddish color, but which dlsap-
pears on cnanging the animal's way
of living. With regard in Mm rnr,n r
tho body of those animals which aro
reared and cared for rationally, thoy
Bhow an elegance and purity of form
&& . titBMM&m;mmmmmmmm?
Two-Year-OId Swiss Heifer.
id m
Type 16 Months' Old Bull.
which gives at.tho same time a high
opinion of health and strength of re
sistance nnd of tho animal's faculties.
The head is noarly always small
and refined Long noses are often met
with; broad foreheads, small turned
up horns and a lnrge mouth aro tho
general signs. Tho neck Is of an
average length, well covered with
hair nnd having small rumples. You
Bometlmos moet with animals having
very narrow chests which Is a con
soquence of bnd management, but
generally that part of tho body Is well
built. The back is long and rathori
broad and well dovoloped, tho whole
trunk In all its development In length
Swiss Yearling.
shows the good qualities of a milk
cow. Tho limbs aro generally woll
made and strong, seldom coarse. Most
of theBe animals have strong thighs
with good rauBcloB, having short shins,
the knees, pasterns and hoofa are
very strong. The bodies of the cowb
roared on tho declivities of tho moun
tains havo sometimes a tendency to
throw their bodies backwards, but this
tendency is remedied with age.
GOOD PASTURES
FOR THE SHEEP
Ewes Should Be Treated' Well
After Weaning to Reach
Normal Condition.
If one will use common sense In giv
ing his sheep good pasture and will
ralso plenty of pasture, tho cost of pas
turing sheep will be very low. Tho
lato summer and fall is very trying on
tho breeding owes, nnd unless tho
sheep owner maintains tho flock In a
vigorous condition the profits are sure
to be cut down to a great extent.
it 1b very good to have an abund
ance of green pasture and forage crops
for tho ewes to maintain and regain
their strength and fleBh which thoy
have lost during tho suckling of thoir
lambs. They should bo treated well
after weanlngf so that they will reach
their normal condition by mating
time. Anyone will find It a serious
thing to have their ewes run down and
in poor condition at the time of
mating. '
Take note that tho ewes that pro
duce the best lambs at weaning tlmo
are usually the best brooders, and
should bo treated with tho best, care
nnd management. When n ewo shows
a largo, heavy lamb at weaning time
she Is usually very thin and run down.
Somo owners would dispose of her and
think that she was too weak for a
breeding ewo because she was bo thin
at weaning time. Right there they
mnke a very bad mistake. After wean
ing tho ewes enn be kept In a vigor
pus, flesh-forming condition If put on
good pastures and a small amount of
grain is fed
Cause of Rickets.
Worms, malnutrition, inadequate
feeding and Inck of lime salts In tho
feed nro common causes of rickets In
pigs. Stop feeding corn and substi
tute alop of middlings, ground
screened oats, flaxseed meal and milk
and add one ounce of lime water to
the quart of slop or give u dram of
precipitated phosphato of lime in feed
twice daily.
If worms are neon in the droppings
give sulphate of Iron1 In the slop for
five mornings In succession nt the
rate of one dram for each 100 pounds
of pigs and If necessary ropeat the
treatment in couplo of weeks
Weak Germs Won't Hatch.
Simply becauso an egg 1b fertile Is
no guarunty that It will hutch out a
chick. Weak germs cannot hatch,
and this weakness, due to tho hen's
poor condition, may causo the chick
to dlo in the shell. A hen may bo In
good condition today and In a bad
state tomorrow
SgBSB
FARM
THINGS ABOUT GUINEA FOWL
Birds Make Excellent Substitute for
Game and Many Big Vlotels Servo
Them at Pheasant.
(By ItKS. A. JOSEPH.)
Tho dorannd for guinea fowls grows
itrongor ovory year nnd is Increasing
aB pcoplo bocomo acquainted with tho
good qualities of their flesh. Thoso
who havo learned to appreciate the
flavor of tho flesh of a plump guinea
aro not slow to express surprise at
tho fact that tho excellent qualities
of this bird havo not boen moro wide
ly recognized.
It Is truo that tho cook book falls
to refer to them nt all and yet thoro
Is not tho least question but that
thoy aro superior eating to either the
duck or tho gooso.
Tho young fowl nro best broiled,
whtlo tho older birds may bo cooked
by any rcclpo dovlsed for tho cooking
of chickens, and In any caso tho re
sult Is far moro palatable.
Tho flesh of tho guinea Is rather
dark, but Is finely grained, possessing
a gamey flavor. For this reason the
fowl makes an excellent substltuto for
gnmoand many hotels in tho larger
cities servo It for pheasant. Tho eggs
are also much relished on account of
tholr rich flavor.
Every family In tho country should
keep a few guineas, if for no other
purposo than for n "watch" for tho
Easy to Raise, Guinea Fowl Are Al
ways In Demand, and Are Consid
ered the Most Delectable of the Do
mestic Breeds.
poultry flock, in fact, In somo places
In this stato they aro called the watch
dogs of tho poultry yard.
The high, shrill notes which they
possess will quickly put to flight any
hawk or crow mischief bent; whllo
after night no prowling animal or
person can approach a houso whore
gulneaB roost without arousing their
discordant cries of alarm. Their senses
of smell and hearing seem to bo very
keen.
Tho time required for hatching
guinea eggs is twenty-eight days. The
guinea Ib naturally a wild bird pob
BosBlng a strong instinct to wander.
For this reason it Ib better to ralso
tho young birds under hens as thoy
are moro careful of their young than
tho guinea henB, and a great deal of
trouble to get them to bebavo like
domestic fowls will bo avoided and if
a few chicks can be placed with tho
brood when first takon off, bo much
tho better; tho guineas will thon be
Inclined to stay along with tho othor
birds and will not bo nearly so wild
as if kept alone.
OATS WILL PRESERVE EGGS
When Carefully Packed In Barrel and
Placed In Some Cool Corner They
Will Keep Sweet.
(By MRS. D. ItYMER.)
Every year I pack a groat many
eggs and they koop from two to throe
months, and even longer in perfect
condition. I havo tried "water glass"
and other things, but find that oats
will keep eggs longer than anything
olso.
I pnek them In half barrels and use
plenty of oats. I first place a layer
of oats about threo Inches on tho bot
tom, and then .a layer of eggB, never
allowing ono to touch tho othor, or
the sides of tho barrel. And then fol
low with another layer of oats until
within about six inches from the top,
when I fill up tho barrel with oats.
If tho barrel containing the oggs Is
placed in a cool corner of tho cellar
or In tho nttlc. or any other dry place,
they will keep perfectly swoot, but
If allowed to become damp thoy will
spoil.
I hnvo packed eggs In October In
this way leaving them in tho barn un
til nearly Christmas and then bringing
them to tho houso. I have used thoso
eggs bb late as tho following April
and havo sold them always stating
exactly what they were and never
had a complaint.
Buy a Oiod Incubator.
It may cost a fow dollara moro to
buy a, good .Incubator to start with,
but tho Baving in eggB which nro apt
to be Bpolled In n poor mnchlno will
;noro than mako up tho difference In
tho cost during tho first season's run,
not to mention the tlmo nnd work
wasted.
Eggs for Hatching.
Eggs from old hens should not bo
used for hatching purposes. Select
eggs from young birds of good typo,
color, form and breed characteristics,
Special attention must bo given to se
lection If the, breed Is to bo improvod.
Qmohr
HENRY HOVVIAND
yTkiy A Man. Carv
Shour 1fie Goods
And bo, my boy, you
think tho world
Is prejudiced, un
fair:
You think Its deal
ings may not be,
exactly on the
square;
You've figured on,
tho matter, and
concluded that!
for aplto
Tho world and men
have basely
planned to row
you of y o u r
right,
But don't give up.l
my boy, keep on If
You'll win oomol
day, although '
tho world m a yj
grudgo Its favor!
If you havo thej
goods to show. )
i
You boo around yot
una yotc
Who ari
to BUC-j
you anAf
oilier, wiiu
leaping
cess.
Although they know far Iobb than you
also merit less:
You bpo tho world her gifts present to
them and pass you by, j
YJu look In bitter wonderment, and can'tj
Imagtno why;
But don't let failure cloud your face, I
though conquoring be Blow
Tlio world must yield somo day In casej
you have tho goodB to Bhow.
You think the world Is partial to your
rivals who succeed,
And does not fairly deal with you It mayl
be so, Indeed
But don't give up, my boy, kerp on; the)
world may cease, somo day, '
To huvo tho wUh to hold you down, mayl
let you havo your way '
And look again, my boy, at those who
leave you far bolow;
You'll doubtless nnd that, after all, theyl
have tho goods to show.
Dignity.
"Vory sensitive man, Brlggsley Ibj
Did you ovor notice It?"
"Not particularly."
"Yes. Holds his honor mighty sa-i
cred. About a year and a half ago
ho became lndobtod to mo for $35.
"I suppose ho couldn't Bleep till, he
got it paid?"
"No, it wasn't qulto as bad as that.'
I used to go around ovory month or
two and ask him If ho couldn't let mo
have somo of It, but It nover seemed
convenient for him to do bo. Finally,
a few weeks ago, I soM tho claim
agaiiiBt him for $7.50. Ho refuses to
speak to mo now. He says I havo
attempted to Impugn his honor. Ho
told mo in plain words that ho didn't
think 1 would bo as small and mean
as that for a moro (36, and I'll con
fess that I did fool, whon I saw how
cut up ovor It ho was, that I had dono
a rather shabby trick. Tho othor day
the man who bought tho claim told
rao ho had seen Brlggsley about it
and the latter had offered to settle
for $11. I'm sorry I wronged him and
hurt his feelings. I supposo It was,
as he says, vory small and mean of
mo to bo unwilling to lose tho wholo
thlrty-flvo rathor than upsot his dig
nity. Ho says I havo none of tho finer
Instincts of a gentleman, and I guess
It must bo bo."
"Is that all of tho story?"
"Not qulto. Whon the man to whom
I sold my claim for $7.50 called for a
settlement yestordny Brlggsley want
ed to split the dlfferenco and call It
square for $3.75. Dignity's a great
thing whon you put it up against o
business proposition."
A PRUDENT FATHER.
"What profession do you Intend to
have your son take up after ho gets
through collogo?"
"I dld"thlnk of
having him be
come an archi
tect, but l'vo
changed my mind,
It will bo easier
for him to put
things un by point:
Into the
Ico business."
Her Dress.
Tnke up tho picture; gaze
On what sho used to wear
In foolish, olden days
Bee how she tlxod her hair.
The things she wears today
Long- hence may make men amlle;
A year from now we may
Laugh at this season's style,
Tako up the picture seel
And yet your father swore I
A fond fidelity '
In spite of what she wore.
Ah, lovely ones, I guess
'Twos Qod that made you fair,
And not the foolish dress
The world has made you wear.
The Chief of His Clan, Too.
"Pa, what's a pessimist?"
"A man who always thinks when ha
gets up In tho morning that It'a go
ing to ho the worst day of tho flea
son."
The AII-'Round Adage.
'TIs woll to look before you leap,
Or you must pay the cost;
However dark the hole or deep
"Who hesitates Is lost.
Practical Man.
Olrl (to prominent actor) I sup
poso thero Is some role you tako ope
clul Interest In,
Actor Yes, my doar young lady, the
pay roll. Boston Transcript