THE NORTH PLATTE 9EMLWEEKLY TRIBUNE.
NOTES -
MEU)QWBR00K
FARM
JMiimffir
Filth breeds disease.
Start slowly with poultry.
The horso must liavo fresh air.
The gooso lays a score or two of
eggs In n year.
Earlincss is ono of the main Items
In raising broilers.
There is a largo opportunity for
improvement in horses.
Bowaro of the oily-voiced treo agent.
Buy of firms of known Integrity.
It Is tho wiso poultryman who
studies tho comfort of his fowls.
A weed cut beforo seeding means
hundreds less for the ground to bo
feeding.
A little ground charcoal mixed with
tho chicks' feed will help keep away
dlgestivo troubles.
Common salts will prove a reliable
laxative where a physic is needed in
the treatment of swine.
Onions, beets, spinach, radishes and
lettuce may be sown as soon as tho
ground can be worked easily.
Eggs cannot be produced without
nitrogenous food in some Bhape.
Bones are absolutely essential.
Hardiness In poultry Is not Indicat
ed by color or plume. Hardiness de
pends upon the caro of tho fowl.
"
Any man who has ever had corns or
bunions can sympathize with ahorse
that has tender feet from any cause.
Tho successful business man stud
ies tho requirements of the mnrket
and tho farmer should also follow this
method.
Go over all garden tools and seo
that they are repaired or replaced
with new ones beforo next season's
work begins.
Plant a quart or two of onion sets
ns soon as tho ground can bo worked.
White or yellow sets of the smallest
elze are best.
A boar of heavy bono is more to
bo desired than ono of slight build.
Fineness as a quality is more desir
able in the sow.
. Every farmer should try to have a
good garden every year, as It goes a
great way in supplying the table with
pure, healthful food.
Tho average farm hen produces
about six dozen eggs yearly, which Is
just about enough to pay her expenses
und leave a little profit.
The period of gestation with the sow
is 112 days, or 1G weeks, and seldom
varies to a great extent. Keep your
service record accordingly.
A small plot, even If It Is not more
than a rod squaro, on which new
seeds can be tried out Is interesting
and quite often of real value.
Tho hog raiser Is getting started
right when ho buys a few well bred
bows or a pure bred boar. Let every
"farmer aim to produco hotter hogs.
Our hogs fall to maintain their
sizo, first, because they do not get
enough feed, and second, because
they do not get tho right kinds of
feeds.
Too much care cannot bo taken in
buying nursery stock. It's heartbreak
ing to caro for trees for four or flvo
years only to discover that they are
worthless.
Most hen houses are not sufficiently
well ventilated, particularly at night.
Pure air supplied without causing a
draft is necessary to tho health and
productiveness of tho fowls.
With turkeys It Is well to avoid
inbreeding, but it is better to keep
tho same malo two years and mate
to his own offspring than to select a
trio of chicks' year after year with
out introducing fresh blood.
Dlack feathers in white varieties
are a disqualification, but such feath
ers unless too frequont nro very often
found in tho whitish birds and are us
ually removed by expert exhibitors
beforo tho fowls aro shown.
Charcoal Is ono of the most essen
tial articles in the food in successful
poultry farming. Placo ears of corn
on cob In oven until charred, and then
shell off corn and feed to chickens.
An Immedlato change will bo noticed
in the condition of fowls and egg production.
Breed first for eggs.
Keep tho hei contented.
Cool a heated horso gradually.
Keep tho dairy cowb comfortable.
Washing eggs opens tho pores and
hastens decay.
Aro you keeping your cows warm
and comfortable?
It novor payB to work a weak horeo
beside n strong ono.
During Inclement weather fowls aro
better Indoors than out
Like tho housowlfe, tho poultry
man's work is never dono.
There is n greater need for variety
of food when fowls nro confined.
Change tho feed of the horso suf
llclently ofton to have them rollsh It
How nbout tho Ico supply? Aro
you going to provido for Ico this sea
son?
A pint of koroseno In a gallon ol
whitewash makes an excellent In
sectlcldc.
'
Begin to plan for a better garden
next year. It should include fruit,
flowers and vegetables.
Poultry and eggs form moro than
1G per cent, of all tho meat products
produced In this country.
Keep pregnant ewes on the move.
That Ib, make them tako exercise
but don't do It with a cur.
Nasal and throat troubles aro often
cnused by dusty sleeping quarters.
Bed heavily with clean straw.
A good poultryman Is industrious,
not easily discouraged, filled with
pluck and grit, and full of ambition.
Soventeen lions that weigh about
six pounds each ought to have not less
than flvo pounds of grain every day
i '
It Is poor economy to cut down the
hens' feed because the egg yield Is
small.
Bo careful rfot to feed musty and
fermented food if you want your
horses to go thorough the winter with
prollt.
Always get a written guarantee with
your trees and be suro that the people
behind it are able to make the guar
antee good. '
'7
Little plgs will seldom hnve the dis
ease of "thumps" If you allow the
youngsters plenty of exercise and a
largo range.
It is tho steady gaited horse that
covers tho greatest number of miles
in a day and does it with tho least
Injury to himself.
To" grow wool takes good feed and
regular feeding. A weak placo la
made In tho wool every time a sheep
is stinted a few days.
Cow testing demonstrates that a
great many good cowl? can bo kept at
a smaller cost of feed. This is not
stinginess, but economy.
The boar will worry tho sows and
pigs if allowed to run with them at
all times keep him by himself aftoi
tho breeding Is completed. -
Poultry having access to a sand)
stream of puro water usually keoj
thrifty and frco from disease. But
look out for polluted streams.
All breeds aro good if used for the
purpose for which they wero created
and bred along practical lines, to sat
isfy the demands of tho markets.
Prom now on you want to bo mak
In& peace with your owb. Get so fa
miliar with them that when lamb
ing time comes they will not feat
you.
In 100 parts of tho yolk of an egg
52 per cent, is water, 45 per cent. It
oil and fat and one per cent, each ol
albumenolds, coloring and mineral
matter.
Brood 'sows that ralso only twins
and chicken eating hogs are farm rob
bers to be despised. It Is only a shon
haul to market, and that Is whore
they both should go.
Proper caro of tho poultry I verj
important a tho weather grows
colder. Every possible thing should
be dono for tho comfort of tho fowls
If winter eggs aro to be obtained.
Year In and year out the lienB noed
some grain, some green feed, some
good liquid food, milk If they can get'
it, and plenty of grit. Glvo them that
and you will get eggs provided they
aro properly housed.
Never allow any food of any kind to
He around In the hen house, excopl
that which la in tho hoppers or the
green food. Any grain In tho litter oi
damp mash In tho troughs soon bo
comes foul and unhcnlthful.
By all means build tho roost plat
forms a few inches balow tho roosts
at tho back of the poultry houso and
build them high enough -from tho lloor
so that the fowla can work undor
thorn. If they are cleaned every few
days it will do much to keep tho hen
house in good condition. -
EXCELLENT HINTS FOR CARE OF SHEEP
Oxford Down Ewei.
Lambs should liavo their tails cut
off and bo castrated In from seven
to ton days after birth.
Lambs just undor ten months old
produco better meat at that ago than
any other.
Tho best tlmo to market lambs la
between January and May.
Never keep moro than twenty-five
or thirty sheep In ono lot together
If possible.
Tho best tlmo to have lambB to
como Is about two -weeks before pas
ture. No every man can have puro bred
sheep but it is not difficult to obtain
a puro bred ram.
It is not a good plan to keep sheep
housed up too closely. They should
alwuys havo plenty of exercise In tho
open air.
'As long as a sheep's coat is kopt
dry it can stand a good deal of cold
weather but rain and sleet aro fatal.
A rough boisterous hired man will
do more harm to a flock of sheep
than ho io worth. This Is particularly
truo about lambing time.
Ground corn and cob meal makes an
excellent food for lambs, but they
should be started on a small allow
ance at first.
if Bhcep are turned on to nlfalfa
paBturo and allowed to eat all they
want some of them will die from
bloat
ESSENTIAL POINTS
IN CARE OF MILK
System of Safeguards Should Be
Observed in Dairy House and
While in Transit.
Milk Is kept wholcsomo after leav
ing tho cowb by a system of safe
guards observed during milking in the
dalryhouso and while tho milk is In
transit from tho fnrm to tho consum
er. The precautions observed during
tho milking aro sterilized whlto duck
suits for the milkers, careful washing
of hands after each cow is milked,
milking through a sieve Into tho pall,
and straining the milk when It is
poured from the pall into tho can.
Tho foremilk, as tho first milk that
Is drawn is called, Is also discarded,
thus preventing any bacteria which
may havo found tholr wny Into this
part of the milk from getting into tho
milk that Is kept.
All tho milk is exposed to tho barn
air but a very few minutes and is
taken into tho dairy just aa soon as
tho cans aro filled.
Tho range of yield per pound of
milk is very wide, it taking from
eight to ton pounds of tho richest milk
up to 30 and over of tho poorest to
make a pound of buttor. Tho avorago
of common stock In tho country 1b
about 25 pounds. Anything between
that and 20 poundB of milk for a
pound of butter Is good. Below this
is very good, and extra down to eight
and ten pounds is extraordinary. At
ten pounds to tho . Imperial gallon,
eight quarts would bo 20 pounds of
milk.
IMPROVERSENT OF
ALL LIVE STOCK
Good Ram on Bunch of Grade
Ewes Is in Many Cases More
Than Half of Flock.
(By TIOWAUn HACKICOOM. MIsHourl
bunion )
Tho use of a good Biro la ono of the
recognized principles of improving the
live stock. This prlnclplo la generally
considered to be fundamental by all
brecdors of llvo stock, both breeders
of puro bred otock and breeders of
animals for tho open market. I low
over, some breeders through neglect,
or a lack of knowledge and Interest
in tho improved types, uso Hires which
rotunj tho general quality of their
J'ocka and herds, rather than ad
vance It.
Judging from the quality of untlo
lambs on tho varloiiB Missouri mar
kets, lamb producers of this atato uro
realizing moro fully each year tho
economy of Investing In good sires.
A good strong yearling rum bhould
bo able to servo 50 owes. A good
ram whon used on a block of grado
owes Is In many cases moro than half
tho flock, because ho will usually havo
greater ability to stamp his charac
ter on tho offspring than liavo tho
owes. So with a small ilock of grado
owes, worth from ?4 to $10 per head,
onA can afford to purcluiBO a good
muUqn ram. As tho value of tho owe
flc-c Incronses one canafford a higher
ciaEB ram-
Most fcoderB find hotter results
from grinding corn for young lambs
although many feed whole grain very
successfully.
The big flocks aro going to tho far
West all tho tlmo and aro crowding
tho cattlo off of tho ranges.
Ono part sulphur and t,wo parts salt
Ib an excellent combination for sheep.
It Bhould be placed whero they can
always get at it
Unless you actually lovo tho work,
do not attempt to ralso a Hock of
sheop. The shepherd must be in full
sympathy with his flock or elso ho
cannot bo successful.
If you keep your sheep shut up In
a closo pen without proper ventila
tion they will cntch cold when thoy
go out Into tho cqld air.
Sheep will drink nothing but abso
lutely clean water, and will suffer for
tho lack of It
A llttlo oil meal fed twice a wcok
with tho bran will prevent indigestion
in sheep.
Sheep should bo changed from ono
feed to another gradually. Thoy aro
delicate and cannot stand sudden
changes of feed niy moro than Bud
don changes of weather.
Novor feed moro than ono-fourth
of a pound per day per head at tho
start and whon on full feed threo or
four weeks later tho limit Bhould be
two pounds.
SRIALL VS. LARGE
CHICKEN FLOCKS
Amateur Should Start With Few
Birds and Gradually Work
Up to Full Capacity.
It seems to be tho ambition of tho
nverago amateur to immediately got
on top of tho heap. Ho sees no rea
boii why ho cannot at onco establish
a good income from poultry farming,
and tho way he figures out results Is
really romarkablo.
Do not his figures show that as he
mado so much .profit on 50 hens, ho
can make ten times greater on 500?
Ho forgets that In tho caro of 50
fowls he has plenty of, tinio to supply
all their wants, and vthat thoy re
ceived a grenter variety of food than
would bo posslblo to glvo n Hock ten
times larger. Tho tablo scraps alono
In tho feeding of 50 fowls is an item
which cannot bo overlooked and which
In all probability contributed more to
tho results than anything elso.
,In a Binnll ilock nn ailing fowl la
moro readily noticed than" it is in
a largo flock, for tho reason that tho
keeper has more tlmo to carefully In
spect. In a flock of 500 tho attend
ant must hurry up IiIb work of feeding
and watering and cleaning up, and ho
at times only mechanically glauccB at
tho birds.
Largo flocks necosaltnto the employ
ment of extra labor and tho "hired
man" quostlon Is a serious ono on tho
poultry farm. It is difficult to necuro
a man who will tako tho samn Interest
In the flocks that you will, He Is
working more for wages than ho is for
tho success of tho plant.
The moral Is this: Ilegln small,
grow gradually and stop growing
when your capacity Ib reached. If
hired holp must bo employed assign
Bomo particular work to help, but lot
Kthe real personal management ho in
your own hands. It Is tho only way
to make a largo poultry farm pay.
BREAK BROOD SOW
OF VICIOUS HABIT
Smell of Kerosene Disgusts Ani
mal and Prevents Her From
Eating Her Young.
As a general thing It Ih somewhat
difficult to break a sow from the habit
of eating her young after she has onco
formed this vicious and unnatural de
sire. It starts from tho sow being out
of condition; alio Is feverish and her
apprtito demands something that kIio
Is not getting.
Tho stuto of fevorlHhucss is fre
quently brought about by constipation
and effoit should bo mndo to prevent
constipation by tho feeding of linsiod
oil, and caro provlouH to and uftor far
rowing, ns It removes tho cauao for
fevor.
Dip a woolen rag Into koroseno and
rub it lightly over tho hair of tho pigs.
Bo careful, howevor, not to got It on
tho skin as It will blister. The smell
of tho kuroheno disgusts tho tow at
onco nnd thus prevents hor from tak
ing the llfo of hor young.
j
Beautify the Farmstead.
Set out Homo shndo trees this spring
and beautify tho farmstead.
WHAT KITTY MEANT
olUii c. i
By F. H. SWEET.
As thoy walked sho told hor com
panion of new plans. That very day
sho had Bccured employment in tho
blankot factory, and would com
niouco work tho next morning.
Six ninths beforo she had como
homo a broken wreck her husband
recontly killed In a drunken brawl,
hor own llfo spoiled, as sho thought,
by tho man against whom Bho had
beon warned. But now, with renowed
health and resolution, sho was nbout
to commence llfo again, to build up
from tho wrock. Hnlstoad listened
quietly until Bho had finished, then
broko out:
"You know there ain't no nocd for
It, Kitty. You know l'vo beon wait
In' for you to got Btrong bo I could
Bay tho'fiamo thing I did before bo
foro you mot him. it didn't aeem
right to persuade you when you first
came, you was bo weak an' tired.
But now you'ro Btrong ugaln an'
know your own mind. An', Kitty"
his volco trembling In aplto of IiIb ef
forts at self-control "l'vo been wait
In' a good ninny years, l'vo never
folt to marry anybody cIbo."
Hor hand rose Impetuously, to stop
him.
"But you must think to marry
somobody else, HnlBtoad," Bho said,
earnestly. "You'ro too good a man
to ho wasted that way. An' you mUBt
atop thlnkln of me, for it can't ever
be, after after what's gono by. I
ain't much, but I couldn't ho so mean
nB to harm a man llko that. Now,
HalBtcad, pleaao" touching his arm
as sho saw tho grim amusement on
his fuco--"don't mnko mo go on feel
in' l'vo ruined your life. There's
Nelly Bocup. Sho likes you. an"
HalBted laughed aloud.
"No uso talkln' that way, Kitty,"
ha interrupted. "I want you, an' if I
can't havo you now, I'm willln to
wait awhllo. When it gotB too hard
I shall grab you up an' run so fast
an' far you won't bo nblo to get
breath to say no."
"I'm sorry, Halstoad." Thoro wero
tears in Kitty 'b eyes, but her volco
was firm. "I shan't over marry any
man to hnmper him. It won't bo no
uso for you to wait nnd o.b1c mo
again, over."
Thero waa much alcknesB In tho
town that fall a malignant spotted
fover, highly contagious nnd ono by
ono tho poorer portloiiB of tho town
woro put under quarantine. Then ono
evening HalBtcad helped what ho
thought to bo a drunken man to his
homo, nnd tho next day tho man camo
down with tho fover, nnd within a
week waa dead. Within an hour af
ter Halstead heard this ho was on his
way to tho woods for what ho said
was to bo a few days' hunting. In
reality, It was to watch hlmsolf.
Ono morning beforo people had be
gun to appear on tho streets, ho stag
gered to tho Bldowalk- outsldo tho
fenco of his slstor'B homo, where
Kitty boarded.
"Mary, oh, Mary," ho called. Then
when IiIb Bister nppeared at tho door.
"Don't como any nearer. You know
that empty cabin up by tho big rock,
whero wo walk Bomotlmcs?"
"Yes."
"Well, I want you to send some food
and water thero, Boon's you can. l'vo
got tho fevor. Walt," raising his
volco a llttlo bitterly ns Bho withdrew
.hurriedly Into tho houso. "Thoro ain't
a mlto of danger UiIb far, not for you
nor tho children. I won't go near tho
cabin till you got tho things in, so
It'll bo safe. I'll stay off In tho woodB
a couple of hours. But pleaso hurry,
for I'm boglnnln' to loao sense- of
things."
"HalBtcad!" it was a quiet hut per
emptory volco from an upper window.
Hnlstoad raised Ills oyes and tried to
fix his mind on whnt ho saw there.
"Kitty, Kitty." ho said, dreamily,
"that you? Belter go In an' shut tho
window. Maybo the wind's blowln'
that way."
"Halstoad," tho volco said hlowly
and diBtlnctly, "can you go straight
to tho cabin by yourself?"
"Course," Indlgnnntly, "straight's an
arrow. But I'll wait two hours."
"No," peremptorily, "you must go at
onco, straight. 1 will boo about tho
food and everything else. I'll havo a
doctor thero almost as soon nB you
uro. Ani I'll havo a nurso. I'd make
you como In here, but thcro's your Bis
ter nnd her children, an' thero'B chil
dren In both tho next houses. So
maybo It' wouldn't ho best. No go,
straight, straight to tho cabin."
Halstead raised his hand to his
forehead undecidedly. But tho volco
had been clear and incisive, and just
now It was easier for him to oboy
than to think. So ho nodded vaguely
and staggered up tho sidewalk. Kitty
watchnd him anxiously until sho re
alized Unit, in splto of IiIb wavering
steps, ho was heuding toward tho
cabin. Then sho hurried downstairs.
Mary mot hor at tho foot.
"What do you moan, Kitty?" sho
began, wildly; "yovi'ro not going up
thoro to him, an' then como back to
mo an' tho chlldron? Moat every
body's died of tho fover bo far."
"That's all right, Mary," answered
Kitty Boothlngly. "I'm not comln'
back. You wouldn't havo Halstead
bo without a nurso, would you?"
"But ovorybody dios most, an' you'll
suro tako It," remonstrated Mary
hysterically.
llulstoad did not die, but It was
moro than threo months boforo ho
wuh nblo to leave his bed and tottor
across the cabin floor to a eoat In tho
doorway. Thero ho Bat for a long
tlmo, gnBplng for bronth and gazing
moodily at tho distant mountain tops.
Kitty came to him there nftcr alio had
arranged his bod nnd tidied tho room.
"Doesn't it look good, Halstead?'
Bho said.
Ho did not answer at onco, but
presently turned to hor with a droary
hmlle.
"1 I don't know ns It does, Kitty,"
ho replied. "You hoard tho doctor
toll mo it would llkoly bo six months
boforo I would begin to do any work,
nn' that my oyes nn' hoarln wouldn't
over bo qulto so good ngaln. That's
just tho same as if I wbb gottln' to
bo an old man." Ho waB silent for
Bomo minutes, then added: "An' that
nln't all, Kitty. It'll tako every cent
l'vo got to pay tho doctor. You boo,
boforo you camo, I never saved any
thing. I didn't feel any noed. What
I got I spout to hqlp Mary nn' tho
children, l'vo only been puttln' by
tho few months you wna horcy beforo
I wna Blck. What is It?" for alio was
now stnndlng by his aide, her hand
upon IiIb Bhouldor, smiling down into
his face.
"Will you marry mo, HnlBtoad?"
Ho gazed at her stupidly for a mo
ment then his lips began to quivor.
"Don't Kitty," was all ho said.
"But I mean it, HnUtcad," earn-'
estly. "I eald I would novor marry
a man to hamper him, but I'm strong
an' well now, an' you'ro woak, nn tho
doctor says I can get all tho work I
want nursing I can bo makin' money
while you'ro getting Btrong, an'," low
ering her volco a llttlo, "I bollovo
l'vo alwaya loved you, HnlBtoad, al
ways. That that other was only n
crnzy spoil. Why, HalBtcad!" hor
volco suddenly catching and then
breaking into n sob.
For the tears wero streaming down
Hal8tead'B face now. But ho hold out
his arms.
ENGLISH NEEDS A STRAINER
Georfje Fitch Wonders Which Dialect
of the Country Is Nearest
Corract.
Tho announcement that a society
has been organized In England for tho
purposo of dlsintorrlnR tho English
language from tho English pronuncia
tion will bo hailed with deep delight
by Americans.
This Bociety means much to us. For
generations Americans hnvo boon ac
cused of shocking crimes against tha
English language. According to Eng
llahmon, who get moro Indignant over
this crlino than almost any other ox
copt that of beating England in ath
letics, wo hnvo rackod. maimed, twist
ed, butchered and unjolntod tholr
peerless tonguo beyond lecognltion.
Wo havo admitted this with Borrofw,
hut when It camo to roforni wo havo
beon hclplosB. Which ono of tho 79
dlalccta and contortions of English
spokon in England havo wo defaced?
Has it been Cornish, Yorkshiro, Cock
ney or Bocloty English? Has it boon
Oxford English, Liverpool English, or
stngo EngllBh? Has It been tho Eng
lish which makos "d's" out of all tho
"n's" or tho English which trans
plants "h's?" Has ltbeen tho Eng
lish which uses 'brokkor" for break
fast, or that peculiar brand which sub
stitutes "nychor" for naturo, "audjlns"
for audience, nnd which snya "tup-ponce-hayponny"nB
confidently ns if it
woro spelled that way?
All of this uncertainty hna baffled
conBcloutlous Americans. In fnct, it
has puzzled us to tho point of paraly
sis. But now that Robert Bridges,
tho now poet laurento, who seomB dis
posed to do something moro humnno
than nnnlvorsnry verse, has bended
an expedition for tho selection of n
real EngllBh tonguo, wo mny tako
hope.
Thoro could bo no real objection to
talking puro EngllBh In this country
if tho English would only agree
among themselves upon tho tost
Goorgo Fitch in Colller'a Weekly.
It Was Possible.
A Vermont man recontly visited his
brother, tiie ownor of n ranch In ono
of tho arid regions o'f tho west. Aa
tho guest was shown over tho placo,
tho owner told him of tho difficultlcH
and obstacles that had beon overcorua
in making tho desert bloom, and ho
nlflo touched upon IiIb plans for tho
future
"You amnzo mo, Bill," Bald tho vis
itor. "Is it possible to mnko n liv
ing on such land as this nnd in such
a climate?"
"It suro is. I havo had a good deal
moro than a moro living."
"I nm glad to hear that, for you
must havo laid by something for a
rainy day."
Tho owner smiled. "l'vo dono Lot
tor than that," ho explained. "With
tho holp of an occasional rainy day,
I have contrived to lay by something
for tho dry days." LIppIncott'B.
Gave Liberally to Education.
Henry W. Sage, an eminent philan
thropist, was born 100 years ago In
Mlddlotown, Conn. At tho ago of
twenty ho went to Ithaca, N. Y., and
engaged In tho mercantile buslnoBa
with nn uncle. In 1854 ho heenmo in
terested in the lumber regions of
Canada and tho weat. Ho bought ex
tensive tractB of land, orocted tho
largest sawmill In Michigan, and ac
cumulated a largo fortuno aa a luin-
her merchant Some years later ho
returned to Ithaca, whero ho took an
actlvo Interest in tho affnirB of Cor
nell university. Ho established tho
Sago College for Woman, nnd bin
other honef actions to tho unbferalty
amounted to more than ?l,000,0fi), Ho
also endowed a lectureship a, Ynlo
colloge and founded a public sjtirnry
In .ost llay City, Mich. Mrfingo
wnH a tniBtoo of Cornell unKvMty
irom io y uuiu pia uuaiu in. isi
