THE NORTH PLATTE SEMI-WEEKLY TRIDUNE.
NOTES ojn
ME&DOWBR00K
-ms FARM
A sntianod pig grunts.
Wntch your horse's breathing.
Overfeeding the- liens Is harmful.
Litter should covqr the hen house
feeding lloor.
Sutlafled profltablo pigs will grunt,
hut they do not equoal.
Mill feed can In most cases be pur
chased and fed to brood bows at a
profit.
v
A horse will require more feed
when allowed to run out. than If kept
In the bam.
Study your hogs. Hog growing, like
inly branch of llvo stock, cannot be'
learned In a day.
There Is never a time In the year
when the fruit grower has no use for
his pruning knife.
Tho demand for the bacon hog Is
growing. Tho largo Yorkshire Is the
favorite bacon breed.
Shelter all the stock. The increased
manure and thrift of stock pay big
illvldonds for the trouble.
If tho screenings are fed the manure
should be thoroughly composted, oth
erwise weeds will continue to grow.
Brush out tho heels of tho horse at
night. If dirt Is allowed to cake,
scratches and grease-heel may result.
Don't begrudge tho grain the poul
try eats. They are returning u higher
price for It than any stock on the
farm.
Farming Is becoming a more sys
tematized business. This Is one thing
that has removed the drudgery from
the work.
A mule never seems to be really
frightened at anything. When he
runs away he does Jt through pure
love of mischief.
Lounging along in the harness is
bad for any horse, young or old. It is
a suro sign of a slouchy driver. Either
drive or let It alone.
Keep tho pigs busy from start to
finish. I.e., making hogs of themselves.
Afford comfort, plenty of feed and
drink, and give It regularly.
Tho Ideal peach tree Is one which
has a spread of branches nlmost dou
ble Its height and well feathered with
fruiting branches almost to tho
ground.
There Is less talk In our time about
tho general-purpose cow nnd more
about tho utility cow. Tho latter sort
can be depended upon to pay the rent
when all olso falls.
Contrary to tho general belief, It
iIoob not hurt a horse to clvo him
water In modorate quantities, even
when ho is very hot, providing tho
water Is not very cold.
The brood sow is u pig factory, not
herself a pork barrel filler. She Is,
or should ho, a creator of strong,
hearty pigs. Feed her then o she
can fulfill hor real mission.
There Is Just as much danger In
over feeding farm stock as there is In
under feeding. You have to watch
the animals In order te know when
you have the right kind of n ration.
Remember that tho horse Is the
most nervous of all animals, and that
little things annoy and Irritate him.
Remember that ho will bo contented
or mlsoruble accordingly as you treat
him.
Good housing Is ono of the essentials
for egg production, and consequently
fihould bo given proper consideration.
A hen that Is comfortable and happy
1h more apt to bo profitable than one
that Is uncomfortable.
A recommended treatment for warts
on cow's teats: Put some water In a
bottle and add as much alum as the
water will dissolve. After each milk
ing touch the warts with this mixture
and tbey will soon disappear.
Ice wator to drink when the mercury
Is on a still hunt for the bottom of the
thermometer brings tho shivers to the
cow, and that means that her owner
will shiver when he looks Into his
pocket book for the profit from her
keeping.
The poor cow would complain
against the abort course it she had
tho opportunity to speak herself. She
Is tho ono that must fear lest her
good fortune bo destroyed when tho
boys return with a little better know)
.edge of dnlry farming.
Ventilate tho stable.
Clean up the farmstead.
Pear blight Is Infectious.
A horse Is a very nervous animal.
Sheep need salt In winter as well ns
In summer.
Keep tho harness soft whero It
touches tho horses.
If a horBo bolts Us food, havo .its
teeth examined by a veterinarian.
Never strike a horse on the head.
Kindness will do moro than brutality
Don't keep the breeding sows or tho
growing pigs on a plank lloor all win
ter. "
Tramp the snow well about applo
and plum trees to provent Injury by
mice.
Cut alfalfa or clovor hay are good
green feeds for hens at this time of
the year.
A mosquito netting will keep llios
oft tho separator after It Is washed
and before.
Ham room Is loo exponslvc to stable
cows that lay oft work every time the
wind changes.
Strive to keep tho sows In good
flesh, but do not overload them with
an excess of fat.
The patient mule Is not much for
speed, hut he keeps going and usual
ly arrives on time.
Many a horse stands up all night
because Its stall Is not made comfort
able to He down In
The Interior of the barn Is the place
where the milk la handled. Have this
clean and kept In good shape.
Never work a team of colts to
gether until they aro thoroughly bro
ken, ns they will worry each other.
The fall born pig nearly alwuys
proves profitable, because ho usually
sells at u profit tho following spring
The man with good brains and good
cows goes steadily on towards pros
perity. The beef man sometimes
doesn't.
Tho greater the variety and the
richer the feeds given cows, tho more
and better manuro can he had from
the herd.
The sow that catches chickens car.
be cured of the bad habit by feeding
her well' for a few weeks" on a ration
rich in tankage.
The good road brings the market
nearer your farm and adds materially
to the value of the place whether you
want to sell or live thoio.
A scratching pen .10x10 feet will
give a dozen hens plenty of room, and
ono 10x15 feet will be plenty large
for 20 birds. It is good place to pro
vide. A shovelful of rock phosphate scat
tered In tho gutters after each clean
ing takes up a lot of the liquid manure
and holps swell next season's corn
crop.
Cooling rooms adapted to the stor
age of small fruit and other quickly
perishablo products, even for a short
time, could be used to advantage on
every full farm
Watch your sheep and you will most
likely see that some of them are apt to
get more than their share If fed In an
open trough or box, where all can put
their heads In at once.
Clover, alfalfa, blue grass, skim
milk and mill-feed, with a very little
corn, will form an Ideal combination
of foods to Insure tho young sow's
usefulness as a breeder
In different varieties of apples the
calyx remains open longer than hi
others, and on account of this tho first
spraying must bo done rapidly on
those which close most quickly.
The farmer -who arranges his work
so as to bo busy all the year around
and to keep his men busy all the year
around Ib the man that gets the largest
profit and has the least trouble with
help.
Do not ask tho cow to make milk
and keep herself warm with the same
feed. At least give her a fair chance
to be protected from the storms and
then let her use tho feed for milk
making alone.
In the addition of manuro to the
garden, much will bo gained If It is
thoroughly decomposed, as then It Is
moro quickly Incorporated with the
soil, nnd the plant food It contains Is
most readily nvailnblo.
The man who comes to your dairy
farm and wants to buy the heifers
from tho best cows is not always your
beet friend. Ho caroful before you
soil them to htm. It Is moving back
ward In (ho dairy Industry to let
these go.
A well-kept flock of hens means a
steady Income enough to keep you In
spending- money while you are waiting
for your crops to grow. That one
thing is enough to recommend poul
try keeping as a suitable "side line"
for the boy farmer
j HOG CHOLERA PREVENTION BY ALL OWNERS j
HPSSPSBHmm
Cement Trough for Pigs.
No matter how healthy and lgor- germs to be cpread by buzzards, dogs,
ous our hogs may be, It pays to and other carrion eaters,
watch for news of a possible out-1 Hurial of the bodies is satisfactory
break of tho cholera
nnj where In
your neighborhood.
The sturdiest hogs will curl up nnd
die when the germs of this hog peBt
are introduced Into their system.
Clean quarters, puro water, dry quar
ters and good breeding aro worth
whllo for themselves, but they will not
keep cholera out of a herd.
Tho only preventive of cholera Is
the serum treatment. Most states I
arc prepaiiug n serum for their farm
ers, says an Illinois writer In tho
Farm Progress. All should lo so
The statu veterinarian Ib tho man ou
should appeal to as soon as the
cholera appears In your neighborhood.
It makes no difference whether the
disease Is among your hogs or not.
It may-be, and that very soon, unless
It is checked.
When cholera gets among hogs on
my place 1 separato the healthy from
those that are ailing Just us quickly
ns I can. Tho next move Is to notify
the state agricultural college, or Its
nearest experiment Btatlon.
Whllo waiting for expert relief,
either at the hands- of tho state ex
porta or some local veterinarian, the
hogs should be watched, and any new
cases that develop should cause the
well part of the herd to be. moved
once more.
Of course, all animals that die of
cholera should bo burned as quickly
as is convenient. Leaving them lying
in the open will cnuso the cholera
FEW PRINCIPLES
OF BEE-KEEPING
Essence of All Profitable Work Is
to Keep the Colonies Strong
and Vigorous.
The Importance of scientific apicul
ture Is being Blowly but surely recog
nized. With a wider knowledge of the
part bees play In the pollination of
fruit blossoms and the spread of rural
education generally, bee-keeping can
not any longer be regarded as merely
a hobby, but as one of the most I in
portant of tho minor branches of the
science of agriculture.
Although conditions differ", the prin
ciples of bee-keeping are the same the
world over. The following axioms
should be noted:
1. Hees gorged with honey never
voluntcor un attack.
2. Hees may always bo made
peaceable by Inducing them to accept
liquid sweets.
3. Hees when frightened by smoke
fill themselves with honey and lose
all disposition to sting, unless they
aro hurt.
i. Hees dislike any quick move
ments about tholr hive, especially any
motion which Jars their combs.
5. In districts whero forage Is
abundant only for a short period, the
largest yield of honey will be secured
by a very moderate Increaso of colo
nics. G. A moderate IncreaBO In colonies
In any one soason will, In tho long
run prove to bo tho easiest, safest and
cheapest modo of managing bees.
7. A .queenlesB colony, unlesB sup
plied with a queen, ' will inevitably
dwindle away or bo destroyed by tho
wax moth or by robber bees.
8. The formation of new colonies
shouhl ordinarily be confined to the
ueuEon when boos aro accumulating
honey, and if this or any other opera
tion must bo performed when forage
Is scarce the greatest precautions
should be used to prevent robbing.
Tho essence of all profitable bee
keeping is contained In the ono golden
rule: ''Keep tho colonies strong." If
anyone cannot succeed In doing this
tho more money ho Invests In bees tho
heavier will bo his losses, whllo If his
colonies are strong ho will prove a
bee-master as well as a bee-keeper,
und may safoly calculate on a gener
ous Teturn from his Industrious sub
jects. Variety for 8heep.
Sheep ore partial to a change
diet, consequently tho greater
variety of feed, tho better tho
suits.
of
the
re-
Lime for Chickens.
Air-slaked lime, freely dusted every
where, is cheap, and will destroy lice,
rapes and roup germs.
only when the are sprinkled with
quicklime and burled at a depth of
three to four foot. Many holds havo
bcfn wiped out by disease carried
Into tholr ranges by prowling dogs
carrying bones nnd pioce3 of carrion
through the fields.
There aro no breeds of hogs that
are Immune from the cholera. Thero
! are certain Individuals amoiif a herd
that show great reslstanco to tho dis
ease, but they aro few In. number.
So far tho efforts of breeders to -pro'
duce such a strain havo been failures.
As to rearing, feeding and caring for
a herd so farefully that cholera gormH
cannot hurt them, It Is Impossible.
Anything moved from an Infected
farm to a place that Is not inrcctcd
may carry tho seeds of tho disease
Of course hogs aro most apt to carry
It, but the utmost precautions should
be taken that no animals, implements
or
foodBtuffs should be brought from
an Infected place and left whero the
hogs might be exposed to contact
with thoni.- Sick hogs are tho most
common of disease carriers.
State vetcrlnnrianB ore always
anxious to bo Informed of tho out
breaks of cholera. Tho soouor they
know of It tho better chance they
havo of keeping It Isolated In ono com
munity, it Is a duty that every hog
raiser owes to himself and neighbors,
to get word to tho proper authorities
ns soon as-possible that the necessary
steps may be taken
TREATMENT FOR
GAPES IN CHICKS
To Eradicate Disease, Affected
" Birds Should Be Isolated
Burn All Dead Fowls.
(By II I KKMPSTI3R, Mlaiourl Expert
" ment Station.)
Gapes Is a disease affecting certain
birds, fowls, and particularly chicks
one to four weeks old. It is caused by
a small worm, called tho gapo worm,
which attaches itself to the windpipe
of its victim.
The symtoniB are frequent gaping
sneezing, a whistling cough, with dls
charge of mucus and worms, dumpish
ness, weakness and dropping of wings
Dead birds will show forknd worms at
Inched to the windpipe.
Tho adult female gape worm Is much
larger than the male, her body being
filled with eggs and embryos. These
embroys appear in the droppings or
are coughed up. So the trouble is
spread by contamination of runs, feed
and drinking water. EmbrqyoB are
uncn lounu in eaiinworms.
To eradicate the disoaso, Isolate af
fected birds, treat drinking water with
potassium permnnganato; burn dead
birds and remove chicks to fresh
ground which is not Infected. Cultiva
tion of Infected ground Is said to eradi
cate tho worms In threo years.
Individual cases may bft treated in
one of three wnys:
Hy confining tho. chick for a short
time In a box which has air-slaked lime
on the floor. The lime Is Bald to cauac
the worm to relenso ItB grip and the
chick to sneeze It out.
Stripping a feather, leaving a email
tuft, moistening with turpentine and
Introducing Into tho windpipe, caro be
ing taken not to lacerate the windpipe
or Biiffqcttto the chick.
Two horse bairn tied together, the
knot trimmed, run down tho chicken's
Uiroat nnd removing In a twisting man
ner will also remove tho worms. Gape
worm extractors are also on the mar
ket. Disposal of Manure.
Tho most Important part of (he
stable sanitation from tho other fel
low's standpoint Is tho disposal of
manure.
The liquid muuurc should bo ab
sorbed by tho bedding and tho bod
ding changed every day. The solid
manure should he cleaned up morn
ing and evening and 'towii In u fly
proof box or vault. If possible, have
It hauled away daily.
Rye Meal for Cows.
Tho Pennsylvania experiment stn
Hon haB found that rye meal as a
part of properly balanced ration for
dairy cows Is sufllcieut In milk and
butler production to an equal weight
of corn meal,
mummunmmummmmmmmmmu
THIRTEEN AT TABLE
By FRANK FILSON.
Although tho New Year of his o"wn
people was eolehrated moro tnan threo
months earlier, Isaac Mandolstamm re
Jolcod In keeping festival upon tho
New Yoar of tho nation of which ho
folt hlmsolf to bo an Integral part. It
was moro than forty years since ho
had arrived from Russia nnd opened n
llttlo tailor's shop on tho lower East
sldo' Ills sons and daughters had
prospered and had moved uptown, but
old Isnnc and his wlfo Rcbeknh still
lived In tho modest tenement In which
their children had been born and had
grown to manhood and womanhood.
Every December 31 thero was n re
union lllto this one. Abraham and his
wlfo Yetta nnd majored down from
their country homo near Yonkers, with
their children, Morris nnd Frank. Is!
dor, part owner of a department store,
had brought his wife and daughter.
Rachel, tho school teacher! bad
brought hor fiance, Meyer Scldlltz;
and there woro Philip, the rising young
lawyor, and Marcus, tho architect, who
hud only begun to prosper after sev
eral years of obscurity. Only ono
child was nbsont Lawrenco, tho
youngest, nnd the Benjamin of his
father's old ago.
No matter what the passing year
had brought forth, each child of tho
aged couple mado It a point of honor
to pay rospoctB to his parents by din
ing with them In tho llttlo flat. Every
body looked forward to this annual
gathering. Thoy were the happiest
peoplo In tho world ns thoy took their
places at tho table. Isaac, a halo octo
genarian, sat at the table, wenrlng IiIh
black skull cap, nnd began Bharponlng
tho carving knlfo. At tho foot his wlfo
sat facing him, her wrinkled face
smiling, her eyes beaming with lovo as
sho gazed upon her children. Abra
ham, tho financier, and Isldor, tho mer
chant, fraternized on equal torniB with
Marcus, who wns Just beginning to
emergo above tho horizon of bucccbs,
and Rachel and Philip, who had not
seen each other for months, wqro bo
preoccuplod that Meyer Scldlltz folt a
pang of Jealousy, In Bplte of the fact
that thoy wore brother and slater. Tho
turkoy was sizzling In Its rich brown
Know What You're
Father."
Thinking of
gravy, tho potatoes seemed ready to
melt lnsldo tholr Jackets, tho celery
was crisp and dainty, tho olives
gleamed lusciously, and there was an
Inviting sparkle of cut glaas and sil
verware. Just as old Isaac took up tho carv
ers )ils wlfo held up hor hand.
"Wo aro thirteen nt table," aho ox
claimed. Each lookod at the other. Nobody
believed In tho foolish legend of dis
aster, and yet somehow tho discovery
caBt a gloom over tho gathering.
"What's the odds?" asked Abraham.
"Who believes In that, I'd like to
know?"
But old Robokah had been falling,
and to contlnuo with tho meal seemed
Impossible if this was to bo hor last
Now Year's dinner each would feel
Hko a murderer. Meyer Soldlltz Jumped
out of his chair.
"I'll got somebody to mako the four
teenth," ho Bnltl.
"Whom?" asked Rachel.
"Tho first person I moot," answered
Meyer, and departed amid shouts of
approval.
Old Isaac put down tho carvers and
sighed deeply.
"I know what you're thlnklug of,
father," said Rachel, patting his hand.
"Poor Lawrenco!"
Isldor and Abraham exchanged
glances. Lawrence was the black sheep
of tho family. Success had never como
to him. Time and again his father or
his brothers had made good defalca
tions and dishonesties on his part, un
til at last Lawrenco had embezzled a
largo sum of money from a business
firm for which he worked, Isldor had
got him that position. Ho paid cheer
fully, but Lawrenco had rccolvcd six
months' Imprisonment. He had written
pitiful letters to his parents and broth
ers after his release, but nobody had
truBted him ngaln or answered him.
"Tho boy's no good," Isldor declared
emphatically. "He's Just crooked by
nature."
"A bad lot," Abraham sighed.
"Still," said Rachel, "those things
aro largely a matter of temptation. I
think ho ought to havo had one moro
chanco, Isldor."
"No," Bald Marcus, emphatically. "I
had to struggle for nearly ten years
: mmt ii
7 JfrfrnS,
boforo I could oven bo assured of my
noxt month's rent coming In. If ono
la bad, ono Ib bad. Don't yau agreo
with mo, Philip?"
Philip stirred unoaBlly in his chair.
Ho looked toward his mother. Tho
smiles had gone from her faco and
tears woro streaming down her with
ered cheeks,
"I wish tho boy wore hero," burst
out old Isaac. "Ho ought to have ono
more chance. He's paid for his folly.
Don't cry, mother. I'm going to find
hlro and tell him so. I guess we can
do something for him yet."
"Well," snld Abraham, reluctantly,
"runybo, ono chance moro. But who
would employ him? Who'd give him n, v
chance, with such a character us he's
got?"
"I will," snld Isldor. "I'll take him
on In my storo if ho really means to
run Btralght."
"I know you would, Isldor," said Ra
chel, patting hor brother's hand.
"Well, I didn't qulto moan what I
say," admitted Marcus. "After all, he's
our brother, nud one ought to stand by
ono's own through thick nnd thin."
"That's right," said Philip. "Bo
Bldos, this Is Now Year."
"Children," said old Isaac, address-,
lng tho bearded men In vehement
tones, "I stand by what Phil says.
This Is Now Year, and no matter what
has happened during the past year, all
of you meet hero as friends and in mu
tual forgiveness. Cheer up, mother.
I'm going to find that boy, coat what it
may, and do tho right thing by him."
"And ho Bhall start In with mo at
onoo," said iBldor.
"Gee, that turkoy smells good!" said
llttlo Frank. "Why don't wo begin,
pa?"
"I wish Meyer would hurry up," said
Rachel; and Just, then thoy heard
Meyer Soldlltz como bounding up tho
Btnirs, Outsldo tho door ho halted and
a heated discussion appeared to bo
taking plnce.
Meyer flung tho door wide open and
tho nltercatlon changod to a scufllo.
"Hero ho Is," ho yelled triumphantly.
"First man I mo"t. He looks aa If bn
wants n meal 1 Haw him standing
near tho water front, looking aa
though he was about ready to throw
himself In. Como In, you donkey.
Dou't you underfltnnd that you're In
vited to dinner?"
Ho dragged him inside.
"Lawrence!" crjed each one, rising;
and then thero was a Bcrlmmage to got
to tho fugitive. But old Robokah had
him in her arms, and bIiq was crying
over him, aa though ho wero a child
ngaln.
(Copyrlsht. WH, by AV. O, Chapman )
RELICS OF PONCE DE LEON
Collection of Extraordinary Interest,
Belonging to Illinois Man, Mas
Been Enriched.
A collection of relics, not rolatcd In
any way, but each object of which la
particularly Interesting in Itself, is
that of Michael noblnson of Shawnee
town, III., to whoso troasuroa waB re
cently added a pleco of tho coffin In
which Ponce d Leon was hurled In
tho old cnthedrnl nt San Juan. Porto
Rico.
When tho leaden coffin of tho ex
plorer wns cxnmlned before it wns
transferred from the old cathedral to
tho now one, It was found to bo In
a very poor condition. So Insecure
did it apepar that It was decided u,
now coffin should bo provided. Tho
old ono was thou discarded nud cut
Into pieces, which wore given to per
sons of prominence who attended tho
cathedral ceromonlea. Cardinal Far
loy, who was in chargo of tho celebra
tion, gave ono of theso pieces to
Cnpt. O. P. Townsond, who command
ed tho guard of honor for the body,
nnd Captain Townsend gavo tho rcllo
to Mr. Robinson to add to his already
Interesting collection.
From eons and eons further back
In the history of this continent conica.
another interesting relie which Mr.
Robinson treasures, a block of sand
utono bearing the clear Imprint of tho
human foot. It was taken from "Tho
Rocks," a short distance from Shaw
nootown, but over tho border lino In
Kentucky. It Is believed in tho neigh
borhood that the imprint is that of
prehistoric man.
A third era of the continent's his
tory, that which brings the collection!
down to the modern world, is repre
sented by nn old silk revolutionary
flng.
He Capitulated.
His wlfo met him at the door, sayu
the Chicago-Record Herald. His dln
nor had been waiting for thirty mln-utcs.-but
ahe was smiling sweetly.
Her hair was dono up in a becoming
Btylo, und she looked ton years young
er than usual,
She put her arms around his neck,
drew his head down and kissed him
sweetly.
"Give mo your hat and coat," bIio
Bald. "I will hang thorn away, for I
can bcq that you nro tired. Havo you
had a hard day at tho office, doar?"
"Yes," ho replied. "I'm all fagged
out."
"I'm sorry, but never mind. I feel
sure that things will tuke a turn for
the better soon. I've got a surprise
for you the mnld Iibb prepared a nlct
chicken stow, the kind you Hko tc
well. Shall I run upstairs and get
your slippers?" v
"Never mind, little woman," he re
plied, pushing his hand Into his pock
ot, "how much do you want?"
Ark-alc.
Inquisitive Little Boy Were" you la
tho urk?"
Peevlah Old Gontloman No, of
course I wasn't.
Inquisitlvo Little Boy Woll, why
weren't you drowned, thon? London
Tatler,