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THE NORTH PLATTE SEMIAVEEKLY TRIBUNE.
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COMMERCIAL IIVIPORTANCE OF RASPBERRY
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Fruit Demands Care In Picking and In Handling Thereafter They Should
Never Be Picked When Wet Of an Exquisite, Delicate Flavor.
y H. S. HERRICK and E. R. BEN
NETT. Colorado Agricultural Collese.)
Tho raspberry Is ono of the best
!cnown small fruits. In Its wild state
It uaa been used an food slnco tho
beginning of history. This fruit be
long to the family of brambles of
Tvhlfh there are many hundred spe
cies Tho raspberries of commerce
are mostly Included In three Bpecles.
Thef.e threo species are divided be
tween two quite distinct typos, the
rods and blacks.
Tho European red raspberry, Rubus
Idafus, is llttlo grown In, this country.
The. fruit is similar to the American
red-raspberry In appearance, of bet
ter quality, but the plants are less
hardy. The early attempts at red
raspberry culture In this country were
largely confined to tho development
of this species but these have nevor
succeeded because the species is not
adapted to our climatic conditions.
Tho American red raspberry, Rubus
strigosus, is of comparatively recent
domestication. In the wild state it Is
found more or less over the northern
and" eastern United States, One va
riety of this species Is native in tho
highor altitudes of the Rocky moun
tains. This wild raspberry of tho
mountains is far superior In quality to
tho domesticated berry or to tho wild
berry of the east. Up to the present
time, however, nothing has been done
to improve or acclimate tho berry to
cultivated conditions.
Tho black raspberry, Rubus occl
dentalls, is also native to tho north
ern and eastern United States. Tho
black raspberry of commerce Is prac
tically the samo as tho wild berries
of tho fields. This species is com
mercially tho most Important of tho
raspberries.
Another species, Rubus neglectus, Is
a hybrid of tho American red and
black raspberry. This species is rel
atively unimportant. It Is represent
ed by what Is known as tho purple
cane berries.
Tho raspberry has reached Us great
est commercial importance in ' tho
COLD-FRAMES FOR
The Long Island Home Hampers Hampers being prepared for shipment
to New York. Mr. Hal B. Fullerton, manager of the Long Island experi
ment station, says he can scarcely supply the demand for frech fruits and
vegetables carefully selected and packed and shipped as they ship them
from Medford. This line of profit Is open everywhere.
(By J. II. HAYNES.)
Successful gardening depends on
early production. Cold-framo plants
nro more certain to live than hot-bed
plants, and give a laTgo per cent of
gopd stuff than do tho moro tender
hot-bed plants.
In constructing such we use two
frames instead of ono. Tho larger
framo is -1 feet by 7Va feet and 1
foot deep. Tho Inner ono is ono foot
Bmaller each way and only eight In
ches deep.
Tho space around the inner frame,
bIx inches wide, 1b filled with dry Baw
dust well packed down.
Tho covering for tho Inner framo is
a glass-covered sash made to fit qulto
close to tho framo to excludo air.
Tho outer framo is covered with an
oiled convassed framo so as to be
water-proof.
A strip of carpet, or other good ma
terial, Is kept over tho Inner sash in
severe weather.
Wo prefer shallow frames to keep
the plants from growing spindling.
Wo choose a location froo from cold
windB and whero a food exposure to
the Bun can bo had. If it Is a. little
rolling bo much tho better.
V
northeastern states. TIUb Is becauso
tho fruit demands n cool climate and
a loose, moist soil with an abundance
of humuB. In a wild state both the
red and black varieties aro found at
their best on newly cleared timber
lands of tho eastern and contral
states. Land from which timber has
been removed. In the east is nearly
always first occupied by tho raspber
ry brambles. After tho surface hu
mus becomes more or less exhausted
these bushes disappear.
Tho great drawback to raspberry
growing either In a wild or cultivated
state is tho droughts that are apt to
occur at time of ripening. '
Propagation of the raspberry varies
according to which species It belongs.
Tho red raspberries are propagated
from tho suckers which como up
from tho parent root. As il rule most
of the red varieties throw up enough
suckers to insure plenty of young
plants. For this reason careful cul
tivation has to be resorted to in or
der to avoid injuring tho root system
of tho old plnnt. For when it is In
jured It acts only as a stimulant to
throw more shoots and oft,en requires
a seyero pruning to keep them down'.
The old plant can bo separated by
division thus obtaining extra plants
for planting purposes, but as a rule
this Is not as good n plan as to use
tho young shoots with tho roots at
tached. The black raspberry Is propagated
by the tip layerage. This Is done by
covering tho tips along the latter
par of July or tho first of August.
They take root at this point -and gen
erally establish themselves well
enough bo that the next spring they
can be separated from the parent
stock by cutting the cane off near the
ground.
Tho purple cane varieties vary
somewhat In their modo of propaga
tion according to tho variety. Tho
most of them however resemble the
black-cap in this respect and are
propagated by tip layerago.
WINTER GARDENING
Frames and sash should be well
painted to preserve them. Thero aro
3.27C squaro Inches in such n frame,
and allowing threo square inches to
tho plant, one can havo dver 1,000
plants per framo.
Good rich soil Is used, and the under
Boil is mado quite loose to give a
chanco for root growth. It is best to
grow tho plants in tho open and trans,
plant on tho approach of severe
weather.
Frames of a larger size are not bo
easily handled, nor can tho samo pro
tection bo given In them. On mild
days we give light to tho plants by
removing outor sash, and if safe, wo
raise tho inner sash to admit fresh
air.
These frames are not expenslvo
whoro ono can do his own work, and
they add a good per cent, to the in
vestment. Building Up the Dairy Herd.
Buying cows and selling them as
fast as they stop mlllo.-jg never built
up a high-class dairy business. Tho
city milk producer 1b not a true dairy
man; ho is more a speculator In feeds
and cowb.
AGRICULTURAL EDUCATION
IN WESTERN CANADA
THE LATEST METHODS ADOPTED
BY THE AGRICULTURAL
COLLEGE8.
Scientific farming can be pursued
with mbro profit and advantago in
Western Canada, probably than in
any other portion of tho continent.
What may bo achioved by it may be
ascertained when it is known what
haB been accomplished by tho thous
sands who havo been following the
occupation for some tlmo and mado a
succoss of It with not oven a theore
tical knowledge. They "havo tlcklod
tho land with a hoe" and becomo rich.
But tho question is how long could
that continue. Tho soil and tho cli
mate and very other condition favor
great results by a pursuit of auch
methods as a technical and practical
knowledge will bring. Thero Is In
tho writer's opinion no possibility of
failure Fully awnro of this and also
of tho great potentialities that exist
In Western Canada for tho following
of tho profession of farming, as It
could bo developed and carried on In
Western Canada, tho various govern
ments havo established tho machin
ery, that thero may be developed n
class of farmers, who in the posses
sion of the rich soil of that country,
with its abundant humus and its phos
phates and other properties with
which it is so largely endowed, will
mako of tho country, the groateBt
farming portion of the known world
The Dominion government showed
Its paternnllsm years .ago when It es
tablished experimental farms in Mani
toba and Saskatchewan. Tho benefits
of these in tho matter of practical
education havo been widespread, bui
the greatest bpnellt is to be observed
in the immediate vicinity of these
farms, where tho occupants have
brought their holdings into a high
state of cultivation, nnd year after
year sees an added value.
The Province of Manitoba is sup
plementing (his work by its excellent
agricultural college, manned by pro
feasors of tho highest standing in
their various branches. That this
work Is appreciated is shown by the
large attendance, not only of tho far
mer's Bons, but by the farmer him
self and also by tho sons of business
men and professors who intend fol
lowing farming as a profession, and
that la what it is fast becoming.
The Province of Saskatchewan
alive to the necessity of a higher and
a better system of farming, haB In
connection with Its university nn ng
ricultural college and what it is do
lng today in tho matter of education
will bo felt for all tlmo to come, and
It will not be long beforo it will be an
easy matter to pick out the farms
manned by graduates of this college
or the farms owned by those who
have gained from tho experience
taught by their neighbor.
Tho samo may be said of Alberta.
The university" nt Edmonton has a
complete agricultural college. Full
advantage of this is taken by hundreds
of students anxious to better their ag
ricultural knowledge, and fit them to
take hold successfully of tho lands
that they expect to occupy. This
province has also added demonstra
tlon farmB In various parts, which are
very successful, inasmuch as farmers
visit them from alpartB, and tnkead
vantage of educating themselves for
short periods during each wlntor.
Dean Curtlss of Ames Agricultural
College, Iowa, sayB:
"Wo or the United States think
that we know how to get behind agri
culture and push, but the Canadians
dare to do even mora than we do in
some respects. They have wonderful
faith in tho future: they hesltato at no
undertaking that offers prospects of
results. Moro significant still la the
wide co-operation for agricultural pro
motion, including tho government,
private individuals and corporations
and the railroads."
"Canadians are putting great faith
In education for tho development of
their resources not the old education,
but vocational and technical. Prov
inces that have Icbs than half the pop
ulation of Iowa and much leas wealth
aro appropriating more liberally for
colleges and schools. Manitoba, for
instance, has in the last two years
provided about as much money for the
building of an agricultural plant as
Iowa has appropriated in half a cen
tury. It has given in two years $2,
500,000 for buildings and grounds for
its agricultural Institutions.
"Saskatchewan Is building a plant
for ita university and agricultural col
lege on a broader and moro substan
tial plan than has been applied to any
similar Institution in this country. Yet
neither provinco has moro than half a
million population.
"For public schools equally gener
ous provision Is made. They aro be
ing built up to glvo vocational and
technical training as well as cultural
They fit the needs of tho country ex
cellently and should turn out fine
types of boyB and girls. They do this
with a remarkable faith in the valuo
of right education.
"Dean Curtlss was much Interested
In tho mnny other ways' tho Canadian
government aids agrlculturo, aside
from appropriations for educational
purposcB. They aro aiding In (solving
marketing problems; they aro encour
aging bettor breeding of livestock by
buying sires nnd reselling them at
cost, and they aro doing many other
things of llko character,
"I found that tho government Is ad
vnnclng from B0 to 85 per cent of
tho money necessary to build co-operative
creameries and elevators," said
Dean Curtlss, "and it Is doing It at a
low rate of Interest and on long time
payments, Whero cattlo need breed
ing up tho government buys bulla of
dairy, Shorthorn, or special dairy
brecde and sends them In nt cost price
and on long tlmo paymonts."
Tho yield of grain in Western Can
ada In 1913 was excellent but not ab
normal, wheat going from 30 to 4G
bushels per acre, and other small grnln
with equally good averages. Advertisement
Hard to Understand Woman.
"O, you can't ploaso a woman," ho
Bald, disgustedly; "It's no uso trying."
"What's happened now?"
"I mot that pretty Miss Sweot la
a dark hallway and kissed her. I didn't
think Bhe'd mind, you know."
"And Bho did mind?"
"Well, sho pretended to bo very
angry, so I thought I'd smooth things
down by tolling her that It was all a
mlBtako; that I thought sho was some
body olso."
"And thon?"
"Why, then she really wns very
angry."
Just a Joke, Girls.
Tho lato Timothy Woodruff onco at
tended nn alumni dinner in Now York
tho dinner of ft co-ed collego and
at this dlnnor, In tho courso of n toast,
the president of tho collego said:
"You can always toll a woman who
has taken a university degree."'
"Toll hor!" Mr. Woodruff Interrupt
ed. "What can you toll her? You
can't toll hor anything. Sho knows It
all."
"All tho world's a stago" and thero
are Bomo peoplo who aro giving vaudo
vlllo performances without knowing
It.
Mrn.Wlnalow's Soothing Syrup for Children
teeth Ins, noftrno tho gum, reducen iunninran
tlon.ullaya pnlu.cures wlndeollcMcu botlloJUv
Men always say moro ovil of women
than thefo really Is; nnd thero Is al
ways moro than Ib known. Mozoral
Liquid bluo is a weak solution. Avoid it. '
Dtiv Red Cross Rnll Blue, the blue thnt'a
all blue. Ask jour grocer. Adv.
Even a fourth-class postmaster may
bo a first-class man. '
The
Great
Morning
Tonic
Red
Cans
At Your
Grocer's
Read This :
3 lbs. Gas Roasted equals 4 lbs.
of the same coffee roasted any
other way. Because it is roasted
so much quicker and the strength
and flavor are not roasted out.
Gas roasted means quickly
toasted in the flames and not
slowly baked as when roasted any
other way.
Your Grocer lias It.
Paxton's Gas Roasted Coffee
Si!.
0
U(iknA
1 KSSiSL: -fWmK Lots f Health TM
1 WuBUfSsf and Enery in this Big w
1 tbMHR"!! t:-' wBr Family Package of
gwp -. Ms y- Wr m
I Sr CRACKERS J
m 'i iWr These crisp, toasty-brown biscuits aro lighter and more dige3. Jf
I mffk $W tibIc than even well-made bread. Tho men folks and young-
I WJSBW sters Iovc them because they're so crisp and flavory. Always Jr
HmHt ready to eat, no fussing nor fixing needed. Tuck some in your M 1
mKm pocket when you start out for work. Solid nourishment d
SHRp without bread's large percentage of water, t. Jp I
jTjf IooacW's Biscuit Gmpant suLTbILus jfU j . I
WK Economical in jjflJgjMSfigi
the extra -large SmWm!WlSSS!S&mSU
M family package, SSWKBmgSSm
I triple - sealed, mtfsHKlmli
Tho Knocker.
After God had finished tho rattlo
analce, tho toad and tho vampire, ho
had Bomo awful substance left, with
which ho mado n knockor. A knocker
Is a two-legged animal with n cork
ccrow" soul, n wntcr-eogged brnln and
a combination backbono mado of jelly
and gluo. Whero other peoplo havo
their hearts ho carries a tumor of rot
ton principles. When tho knocker
comes down tho street honest men
turn their backs, tho angels in heaven
tnko precipitate retugo behind their
hnrps and tho devil bar-locks tho gates
of hell. Missouri Hrunswlckcr.
Her Composition.
"In that Borvnnt of yours mado of,
Iron?"
"No; maid or nil work."
Nothing Is more satisfying to tho
hoart of a womnn than tho knowlcdgo
that sho is looking hor best.
Illl
You're the One
who is going to suffer
if you neglect the small
ills of the Stomach,
Liver and Bowels.
They are only warn
ings of impending sick
ness which you can
"sidetrack"bytheuseof
HOSTETTER'S
Stomach Bitters
It Restores tho Appetite, Aids Dl.
gestlon and Keeps You Well
Illl
The Typewriter
for the Rural
Business Man
Whether you nro a
small town merchant I
ur i lurmur. yuu nccu
a typewriter.
BallBtaring " Jou mo writing
Long w.nrinir your letters nnd bills
by hand, you are not getting full
efficiency.
It doesn't require an expert ODcr-
, ator to run the L. C. Smith & Bros.
typewriter. It is simple, compact,
complete, durable.
Send in tho attached coupon and
wo will give especial attention to
your typewriter needs.
L. O. Smith A Bros. Typewriter Co.,
ByrnciiHe, N.Y.
Please eend tue your freo boolc about
typewriters.
Name.,.,,, .,, , ,,,
P.O
Btate
IBORSE SALE DDSTEMPER
You know what you sell or buy through thu boIpb has about
ono chanco In Jlfty to escape SALU STAliLD DlBTHMPBIl.
"SPOUN'8" Is your truo protection, your only sofeEUiird, for
(1U SUro as YOU treat (ill Your hnrne.q with It. win will nnnn
bo rid of the disease It acts as a suro provontlvo no mat
ter how they nro,'"expoBcd." CO cents and t a holtlo, $5
and J10 dozen bottlcB, at nil Rood drtieelsts, horso goods
ho isc3, or delivered by tho manufacturers,
8P0HN MEDICAL CO., Chemlilt and Bacteriologists, GOSHEN. ND U.S.A.
Nebraska Directory
CURED in a fevr days
without pain or a sur
gical operation. No pay until cored. Write
jm. WItAY. 305 Iteo Illd(r., tytiuhn, Nob.
OIL STORAGE TANKS
5,000 to 11,000 gallon capacity.
WILSON STEAM UOILCR CO.. Omaha
TENTS AND COVERS
SCOTT-RAWITZER MFG. CO.,0MAtW
8uccoon to Omaha Tent fcAwnlnjc Company
and Scott Tent & Awning Company
LinrQavThe Jeweller
30 rrtrt (a Orntna, Scad u your Wl .
ml ra vrSl rrpiit it lot you la food order.
All work cuinottcd M promptly doa.
Try Us It Will Pay You
' and prompt remlttancn. Wrf or wire u for any
w'.iiuu luiuiuimiuu n-fliiliM luo (Uliraru AIIOOU1
tuunlcatlona annworrd promptly, Wo amworklnc
(or your Interna and appreciate your buslnett.
FARRI8 PURINTON & MAROY
8atfiMr Ij li Kc Atktr A Co
Live Stock Commission
(ton 110-112 Eitkar,n Blda, SlockTdt.Stitlort. J. Omahj.Ntb,
30,500
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in Omaha
Bell Lines Reach
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TFJ) T1 of this paper
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advertised in its columns should
insist upon havinR what they ask for,
refusing all substitutes or imitations.
aBinanHiaHanaBiuanr
JOHN L.T110HirHON HONB& CO.,Troy,N.Y.
YOUR OWN NAME ?ttS '
Ins tboin up. Bend name nnd address for particu
lars. A. II. .1., lliix lUUa, riillndolithla, I'a.
Vnt son U.rolcmnn.Wmtv
InxUm.D.U. llooknlrve. Hliili
eat releraiioaa. ilcvt itauum
W. N. U., OMAHA, NO. 50-1913.
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